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The global ecological crisis indicates that technical methods and regulations alone are insufficient to change human behavior related to the environment, thus requiring approaches that touch on moral and spiritual aspects. This study aims to design and examine spiritual-ecological education as an alternative approach in building sustainable environmental awareness. This research uses a qualitative method based on literature study using Miles and Huberman's analysis through summarization, exposition, and data conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that spiritual-ecological education has three important outcomes, namely: (1) the integration of the values of monotheism, khalifah, and ecological trust creates a solid environmental ethical framework; (2) the methods of ecosufism and scientia sacra deepen students' affective and reflective understanding of the relationship between humans and nature; and (3) contextual learning methods such as eco-pesantren and environmental programs may connect spiritual values with real ecological activities. This study contributes scientifically by developing a theoretical basis for spiritual-ecological education that combines theological, philosophical, and pedagogical aspects of environmental education. These results imply the importance of developing lesson plans and teacher training that place spirituality as the basis of ecological understanding, with the caveat that drawing general conclusions from the study results requires further empirical testing.

This research aims to identify both the partial and simultaneous positive and significant effects of e-service quality, e-trust, and brand image on the customer loyalty of Byond by BSI users in Balikpapan City. The study adopts a quantitative correlational method. A total of 100 respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through online questionnaires distributed via a Google Form link. The analytical procedures utilized include correlational analysis, instrument tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing using IBM SPSS Statistics version 24. The results of the study indicate that, partially, e-service quality and e-trust variables each have a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty among users of the Byond by BSI application in Balikpapan City. Meanwhile, brand image variable has a positive but not significant effect on customer loyalty among users of the Byond by BSI application in Balikpapan City. Furthermore, when examined simultaneously, the three variables collectively show a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty of Byond by BSI applications users in Balikpapan City.

Butgeting is an important instrument in managing retail businesses such as Toko Harapan Teknik Boyolali, as it functions as a tool for planning, control, and evaluation of company performance. Budget effectiveness is influenced by both internal and external factors of the organization. This study aims to analyze the effect of company performance and environmental uncertainty on budget effectiveness at Toko Harapan Teknik Boyolali. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method by reviewing and synthesizing information from various sources, including books, scientific journals, and previous studies. The results indicate that company performance has a positive effect on budget effectiveness, as good performance supports more realistic and accurate budget preparation. In addition, environmental uncertainty, such as changes in market conditions, business competition, demand fluctuations, and economic dynamics, can hinder budget effectiviness. Simultaneously company performance and environmental uncertainty influence the success of budgeting. Therefore, companies need to improve performance and implement flexible and adaptive budgeting systems to address environmental uncertainty.

The purpose of this study is to determine the perception of Plasma Farmers/Partners on the Existence of PT. Tani Prima Makmur Oil Palm Plantation, Andabia Village, Anggaberi District, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The number of samples in the study was 54 respondents of partner/plasma farmers. There are two types of data in general, namely quantitative data and qualitative data. The data sources used in this study are primary data and secondary data. The data analysis method in this study is qualitative descriptive analysis, with a qualitative analysis model. With a Likert scale, the measured variables are described into variable indicators. Then the indicators are used as a starting point for compiling instrument items that can be in the form of questions or statements. The answers to each instrument item using a Likert scale have positive questions and negative questions. Based on the results of the analysis, it appears that public perception regarding the economic impact of PT Tani Prima Makmur's activities is assessed as a total score of 574, indicating that the existence of oil palm plantations has a positive impact on improving the economy of partner/plasma farmers. The overall social impact has a total score of 416, which means that the presence of oil palm plantations is perceived to have a negative impact on the social community of partner/plasma farmers.

The development of deepfake technology, which utilises artificial intelligence to manipulate images, videos and sounds, has led to a serious threat of sextortion. In the Indonesian context, high internet penetration and low awareness of digital security increase the risk of this crime. This research analyses the legal consequences of the misuse of deepfake technology in sextortion based on the Electronic Information and Transaction Law (UU ITE). Using normative juridical methods and descriptive-qualitative analysis, this research examines the legal challenges faced in enforcing sanctions against this crime and provides recommendations to strengthen the legal framework in Indonesia. The results show that there are gaps in the legal framework that need to be addressed, as well as the importance of education and capacity building of law enforcement in dealing with cybercrime. In addition, the development of more sophisticated deepfake detection technology is expected to be a solution in tackling this abuse in the future.

This study examines the integration of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) into Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a strategic legal instrument to support the development of the creative economy in Indonesia. The creative economy has become one of the main drivers of national economic growth; however, its development is often constrained by weak legal protection of intellectual property, particularly among micro, small, and medium enterprises. This research employs normative legal research using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that the integration of IPR into CSR programs plays a significant role in enhancing legal awareness, strengthening protection of creative works, and promoting sustainable economic empowerment for communities. CSR-based IPR protection not only benefits right holders but also contributes to inclusive development and corporate sustainability. Therefore, strengthening CSR policies oriented toward IPR protection is essential to ensure balanced economic growth and legal certainty in the creative economy sector.

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly disrupted the global labor sector, including in Indonesia. The urgency of this study lies in the growing inequality in access to digital skills and the lack of legal protection for workers in the digital era. This research aims to analyze the impact of AI on employment in Indonesia and to assess the adequacy of labor regulations in addressing digital transformation. This study employs a normative legal method with a juridical-empirical approach, utilizing literature review, secondary data, and qualitative analysis of labor policies and relevant regulations. The findings reveal that while AI has the potential to create new types of employment, it also threatens conventional jobs, especially in labor-intensive sectors. Moreover, Indonesia's labor regulations have not yet adapted to new, flexible, and platform-based work models, resulting in legal uncertainty for informal and freelance workers. This study contributes to the discourse on the need for labor law reform that is inclusive and adaptive to technological developments. In conclusion, there is a pressing need for responsive labor regulation reform, increased digital literacy, and continuous reskilling systems to ensure that AI-driven transformation does not create new inequalities in the labor market. Future research is recommended to focus on formulating new legal protection models for digital workers in the AI era.

Musical modality, professionalism, and work quality in everyday musical practice constitute the main analytical framework of this study. This research departs from the view that musical professions are often reduced to hobby-based activities, whereas in practice they involve work strategies, professional attitudes, and negotiation between artistic idealism and market demands. This study employs a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with two musicians in the city of Solo, Aditya Ong and Indra Permana, who represent different backgrounds, professional roles, and musical orientations. The findings indicate that modality comprising experience, musical skills, and professional networks forms the foundation of musicians’ professionalism. Professionalism is reflected not only in technical competence, but also in work ethics, responsibility, and the ability to position oneself within various musical work contexts. Work quality is not understood normatively as good or bad, but as the outcome of how musicians manage their modality and professionalism in specific working situations. This study concludes that musical practice in Solo is shaped through continuous negotiation between artistic orientation, market demands, and the pursuit of livelihood stability. Musical modality, professionalism, and work quality are interconnected in forming musicians’ strategies to sustain their musical practices amid the dynamics of the local music industry.

This study aims to analyze consumer purchasing behavior on e-commerce platforms using the Decision Tree algorithm as an easily interpretable classification method. The dataset used consists of 12,330 transaction records with 18 attributes representing visitor characteristics and user activities during interactions with the e-commerce platform. The research stages include data exploration to identify initial patterns, data preprocessing to handle missing values and class imbalance, splitting the data into training and testing sets, training the Decision Tree model, evaluating model performance, and visualizing the tree structure to analyze decision rules.The test results show that the Decision Tree model with a maximum depth of 3 achieves fairly good performance, with an average accuracy of 89.78%, precision of 69.82%, recall of 59.95%, and an F1-score of 64.51% for the buyer class. The visualization of the decision tree provides clear interpretation of the main attributes influencing purchasing decisions, thereby facilitating understanding for non-technical decision makers. Overall, this study demonstrates that the Decision Tree method is effective in modeling consumer purchasing behavior in e-commerce and can be utilized as a basis for data-driven business decision making, particularly in marketing strategies and improving sales conversion rates.

Non-hemorrhagic stroke occurs due to blockage of blood flow to the brain by a thrombus or embolus. The blockage results in focal neurological disorders that affect the musculoskeletal system, namely weakness in the extremities, which gives rise to nursing problems of impaired physical mobility. To overcome the problem of impaired physical mobility, rubber ball grip exercises (ball squeezing) are given. These exercises have been shown to increase muscle strength, prevent joint stiffness, and improve blood circulation. This scientific paper was conducted to determine the description of nursing care for non-hemorrhagic stroke patients with nursing problems of impaired physical mobility. During the meeting, the nurse provided rubber ball grip exercises (ball squeezing) for 10-15 minutes for 3 times in 24 hours. Evaluation of these actions showed that the patient who initially experienced weakness in the upper extremities with muscle strength 2-3 and after being given rubber ball grip exercises (ball squeezing), the problem of impaired physical mobility was resolved, as evidenced by the patient being able to perform therapy, the extremities feeling slightly lighter, and muscle strength 4. Therefore, it is recommended that non-hemorrhagic stroke patients be given rubber ball grip exercises (ball squeezing) to overcome impaired physical mobility.

Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are disorders of the skeletal muscles that can range from very mild to very painful. Repeated static loads over a long period of time can cause damage to joints, ligaments, and tendons. Musculoskeletal disorders can occur due to several factors, including occupational factors, individual factors, psychosocial factors, and environmental factors. This study aims to analyze the relationship between age, length of service, and smoking habits with musculoskeletal disorders in furniture craftsmen. This study used an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The sample used a total population of 51 workers. Data collection techniques were observation and filling out the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire. Data analysis used the Somers'd. The results of the analysis showed that there was a relationship between age (p value = 0.015), length of service (p value = 0.001), and smoking habits (p value = 0.000) with the incidence of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs).

Many students still face difficulties in understanding statistics because inaccurate preconceptions often develop into misconceptions. This condition is important to study since misconceptions can hinder the mathematics learning process and reduce the quality of students’ conceptual understanding. This study aims to analyze in depth how preconceptions affect the emergence of misconceptions among senior high school students in learning statistics. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach, involving three tenth-grade students from State Senior High School 1 Purwosari who were selected through purposive sampling based on high, medium, and low achievement categories. Data were collected through diagnostic tests in the form of essay questions to reveal students’ preconceptions and in-depth interviews to explore their reasoning, then analyzed descriptively. The findings show that students with accurate preconceptions did not experience misconceptions, students with partially correct preconceptions developed classificational, theoretical, and correlational misconceptions, while students with incorrect preconceptions experienced more complex misconceptions, such as considering the median as the largest value and failing to relate changes in data to the properties of the mean, median, and mode. The study concludes that inaccurate preconceptions directly contribute to the emergence of various forms of misconceptions. The implication is that teachers need to detect, identify, and correct students’ preconceptions from the beginning of the learning process so that misconceptions can be minimized and students’ understanding of statistics can develop more comprehensively.

This research aims to analyze student learning activities in Mathematics through observational studies at SD Inpres 1 Koya Timur. Student learning activities are an essential aspect in determining the success of learning, particularly in Mathematics, which requires active student involvement in the processes of thinking, reasoning, and problem-solving. This study uses a qualitative approach with observation methods and a systematic literature review. Data were obtained through observations of fifth-grade students' learning activities during Mathematics lessons, supported by relevant literature analysis. The results show that student learning activities include visual, verbal, writing, mental, and emotional activities. Some students displayed active involvement through activities such as asking questions, answering questions, discussing, and completing assignments; however, there were still students showing passive involvement. Factors influencing student learning activities include the role of the teacher, teaching methods, the use of media and learning materials, the classroom environment, and student characteristics. This research concludes that the student learning activities in Mathematics classes at SD Inpres 1 Koya Timur are categorized as fairly active, but improvements are necessary by implementing student-centered learning strategies to make Mathematics learning more effective and meaningful.

Toddlers are a critical age group 0–59 months who require optimal nutritional intake to support physical and cognitive growth and development. The quality of toddler feeding patterns is influenced by family socioeconomic factors, including income, education, and parental occupation. This study aims to analyze the relationship between family socioeconomic status and toddler feeding patterns in the working area of the Saritani Community Health Center, Boalemo Regency. This study used an observational design with a cross-sectional approach and involved 40 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, interviews, observations, and secondary data from the Community Health Center, then analyzed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of p < 0.05 . Results: Most families have middle (45%) and low (40%) socioeconomic status. Good feeding patterns are received by 55% of toddlers, while 45% have inadequate feeding patterns. The analysis shows a significant relationship between family socioeconomic status and toddler feeding patterns (p = 0.043). Families with low incomes and limited maternal education tend to provide food with less than optimal variety and nutritional content. Conclusion: Family socioeconomic status has a significant influence on toddler feeding patterns in Saritani.

Since the coach is the absolute core element in the process of success in training and the sport-specific goals, this study has been conducted in order to develop a scale to assess the football coaches based on the perspectives of the players. Given the nature of the study, the researcher used the descriptive method significantly the survey approach. Football players were used as the study population. The sampling method was non-random and involved a total of 80 players, 20 in the pilot and 60 in the main study. It was designed based on the scientific rules of scale-building. It had various dimensions associated with some aspects of the coach's job. Content validity was ensured and test–retest method was employed to establish reliability. Faialdani and Aleem 2020. The objective of this study was to develop the scale for assessing the performance of football coaches and to determine its validity and reliability as well. Methods: The scale was handed out to886 football coaches who have either bachelor graduation degree or higher from 16 provinces in Iran, covering the entire country.

This study aims to describe in detail the implementation of the SMART-TENDIK PAUD innovation as a model for managing educators and educational personnel based on reflection, collaboration, and the use of simple technology, as well as to analyze its impact on improving teacher professionalism in early childhood education settings. This study employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method to explore relevant theories and previous research findings. Data collection techniques include document analysis and systematic online searches from various credible academic sources. Data analysis is conducted through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing to ensure comprehensive and accurate interpretation. The results indicate that the implementation of SMART-TENDIK PAUD enhances teachers’ reflective awareness, strengthens collaboration through active participation in learning communities, and improves the effectiveness of educational personnel management through the practical use of simple and accessible technology. Furthermore, this innovation contributes significantly to improving the quality of learning, making it more creative, adaptive, and innovative. Therefore, SMART-TENDIK PAUD can serve as an alternative model of effective, applicable, and sustainable management innovation in enhancing the professionalism of early childhood education teachers.

This study aims to evaluate the validity, effectiveness, and practicality of developing problem-based teaching materials for improving student learning outcomes. The research focuses on a practical module for the subject of electric motor installation at SMKN 1 Driyorejo, where interviews and needs assessment revealed issues such as teacher-centered learning and limited student resources, primarily relying on notebooks. These factors have hindered optimal learning outcomes. The development of problem-based learning modules was intended to address these issues and improve cognitive, affective, and psychomotor learning outcomes. The research follows a Research & Development (R&D) approach with four steps: 1) Define, 2) Design, 3) Develop, and 4) Disseminate, using a one-shot case study trial design. The study involved 30 students of grade XI TITL 1 at SMKN 1 Driyorejo. Results showed the module’s validity at 3.66, practicality based on student responses at 89.25, and effectiveness with cognitive, psychomotor, and affective outcomes of 84.93, 89.40, and 94.00, respectively. These findings suggest that the problem-based practical module is valid, practical, and effective for improving student learning outcomes across various domains.

Operational quality in the oil and gas sector strongly depends on the accuracy of monitoring instruments, such as oxygen analyzers. This study aims to validate the performance of an oxygen analyzer using the Factory Acceptance Test (FAT) procedure conducted by PT JGC Indonesia. The testing methodology involves the use of reference gases at different concentration levels, including nitrogen as the zero gas, to evaluate the linearity and consistency of the analyzer output within the 4-20 mA signal range. In addition, the tests are performed to verify the conformity of the instrument response with the datasheet specifications and applicable FAT procedures. The results show that the analyzer provides accurate measurement data with low deviation and a responsive alarm system under critical conditions. These findings confirm that the instrument meets the required technical standards. Based on the validation results, the oxygen analyzer is considered ready for installation and suitable for operation to support process safety in oil and gas facilities. This achievement confirms that a rigorous validation process is key to ensuring peace and operational safety in the oil and gas industry.

Football in Indonesia is not merely a sport but a social phenomenon that triggers massive public emotional engagement. Every result of the Indonesian National Team, particularly in prestigious events such as the FIFA World Cup Qualifiers, often generates waves of opinion in digital spaces filled with criticism, support, and disappointment. The failure of the Indonesian National Team in the 2026 FIFA World Cup Qualifiers has become an important momentum to systematically understand public perception. The purpose of this study is to identify the distribution of public sentiment and to reveal the main issues most frequently discussed through keyword visualization, thereby providing an overview of societal reactions. This research utilizes 971 comments from the TikTok platform as the primary dataset, collected through a crawling process and processed using text mining stages before being classified with a sentiment analysis method. The findings indicate a sentiment distribution dominated by Neutral at 63.67%, Negative at 32.36%, and Positive at 3.97%. The word cloud visualization highlights dominant keywords such as “Pecat” (Dismiss), “Evaluasi” (Evaluation), and “PSSI” (Indonesian Football Association), reflecting public criticism of managerial aspects, although positive words such as “Semangat” (Spirit) and “Dukung” (Support) also appear, emphasizing supporter loyalty. These results contribute to an empirical understanding of the issues most highlighted by the public and the distribution of collective emotions, which can serve as a basis for PSSI and stakeholders in formulating communication strategies, policy evaluations, and improvements to the national football management system.

This study examines the dynamics of public service delivery at the Office of Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises, and Trade in Tegal Regency, focusing on its role in supporting local economic development. The background of this research is rooted in the increasing demand for effective, transparent, and responsive public services, particularly for cooperatives, micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), and the trade sector, which are key drivers of regional economic growth. The objective of this study is to analyze the quality and dynamics of services provided by the office, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and assess their implications for service improvement. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method, using data collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis involving government officials and service users. The findings indicate that service delivery has shown positive developments through procedural improvements and service innovations; however, challenges remain in terms of human resource capacity, infrastructure limitations, and coordination mechanisms. These dynamics significantly influence the effectiveness of policy implementation and stakeholder satisfaction. The study implies that strengthening institutional capacity, enhancing digital-based services, and improving service professionalism are essential to achieving more optimal public service performance. The results of this research are expected to contribute to policy evaluation and serve as a reference for improving public service management in local government institutions, particularly in the cooperative, MSME, and trade sectors.