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The improvement of educational facilities and infrastructure is a crucial factor in enhancing the quality of learning, especially in rural areas such as Sugarang Bayu Village. This study aims to analyze the condition of educational facilities and infrastructure in the village and identify the efforts that have been made and can be undertaken to improve them. The research employs a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and document analysis. The findings reveal that educational facilities in Sugarang Bayu Village remain limited, particularly in terms of classroom availability, laboratories, libraries, and access to educational technology. The primary challenges include budget constraints and limited support from policymakers. However, initiatives from the community and schools have emerged to address these issues, such as fundraising and collaboration with governmental and non-governmental organizations. Therefore, synergy between the government, the community, and the private sector is essential to ensure sustainable improvements in educational infrastructure. By enhancing educational facilities, the quality of learning and students' academic performance in Sugarang Bayu Village is expected to improve, ultimately fostering a more competitive human resource base.

This research was motivated by the low narrative essay writing skills of class IV students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Mukhlisin, Jambi City. The aim of this research is to improve the process and skills of writing students' narrative essays using the cooperative integrated reading and composition model in the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Mukhlisin class in Jambi City. This research is a classroom action research consisting of two cycles. The subjects of this research were students from the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Mukhlisin class in Jambi City. The research results showed that the average teacher observation score in cycle I was 79 and in cycle II it increased to 89.55 in the "good" category. The results of student observations in cycle I were 73.9 and increased in cycle II to 88.5 in the "good" category. Classical completion of narrative writing skill scores in the pre- cycle obtained an average score of 61.1 in the "Not Good" category. In cycle I, an average score of 79.1 was obtained in the "Pretty Good" category and this increased to 85.7 in the "Good" category in cycle II. It was concluded that the use of the cooperative integrated reading and composition (CIRC) learning model can improve the process and skills of writing narrative essays.

Human resource (HR) development is an important aspect for the sustainability of Islamic missionary institutions. HR planning aims to ensure the availability of competent Islamic missionary personnel in accordance with the organization's needs. Evaluation is necessary to assess the effectiveness of HR performance in achieving Islamic missionary goals. This study uses qualitative methods with a documentary analysis approach. The results of the study indicate that good HR planning includes needs analysis, recruitment, development, and training of HR managers. HR assessment is an important tool for evaluating performance and improving the effectiveness of Islamic missionary activities. However, challenges in HR evaluation include the lack of an objective evaluation system, limited resources, and resistance to change. Wise HR change management can improve the quality of Islamic missionary activities, expand their reach, and increase the effectiveness of Islamic missionary institutions in facing today's challenges. This study recommends the importance of an objective evaluation system, better resource management, and continuous training to improve the competence of HR managers in Islamic missionary institutions.

The release of medical information is the process of disclosing or sharing information about a patient's health condition, medical history, or medical examination results with other parties. Due to the sensitive nature of the information contained in medical records, healthcare providers are obligated to ensure that all information is appropriately accountable. This study aims to explore the work activities of medical record officers and health information management in the process of releasing medical information to insurance parties at Tarakan Regional General Hospital (RSUD Tarakan). This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach by explaining the results of interviews regarding the work activities of medical record officers and health information management in the process of releasing medical information to insurance parties. RSUD Tarakan already has standard operating procedures related to the release of medical information, both to insurance parties that cooperate and to those that do not cooperate. In the work activities of the officers, the stages of data collection for insurance types, the request flow stage, data collection stage, data processing stage, and data presentation stage involve the insurance services and fundraising departments in the release process for cooperating insurance parties. Meanwhile, the medical records department and the information department are only involved in the release of medical information to non-cooperating insurance parties. The challenges in releasing medical information to non-cooperating insurance parties include the lack of requirements provided by patients, as they are often unaware of the necessary documents and the process for requesting the release of medical information, which can cause delays in the process.

Learning is a form of development or transformation of a person that is manifested in a new form through experience and practice. Basically, learning is all mental or psychological activities carried out by a person that result in completely different behavioral changes before and after the learning process. This study aims to determine the effect of learning motivation on the level of saturation of second semester students towards the learning process in the Siti Fatimah Mamuju Midwifery Study Program in 2023. This study uses the Cross Sectional method in data analysis. The sample was selected using total sampling, namely students who were in the second semester of the first academic year and participated in the study when the study was taking place. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence between motivation and the level of student learning saturation, p = 0.016 (α˂0.05). In overcoming the level of learning boredom, steps are needed to eliminate boredom and increase learning motivation by overcoming the causes of boredom. Students can discuss with academic guidance lecturers to get input, especially how to eliminate factors that cause boredom.

This study examines the relationship between cultural heritage and syntactic evolution in multilingual societies, focusing on cross-generational language transmission. Employing a mixed-methods approach, it analyzes linguistic practices, cultural narratives, and syntactic patterns across three generational cohorts in five distinct multilingual communities. Findings reveal significant generational shifts, with elders preserving traditional syntax linked to cultural rituals, while younger cohorts exhibit syntactic simplifications and hybrid constructions influenced by dominant languages. Statistical analyses underscore the role of cultural practices in shaping linguistic patterns, highlighting the dynamic interplay between heritage preservation and linguistic innovation in contexts of societal bilingualism and intercultural interaction. The research demonstrates that syntactic changes correlate strongly with the frequency and depth of cultural engagement, with participants who actively participate in traditional practices showing greater retention of heritage language syntactic features. Furthermore, we identify specific linguistic mechanisms through which cultural transmission influences syntactic maintenance and innovation, including ritualized speech patterns, narrative structures, and metaphorical expressions embedded in cultural practices. This study contributes to theoretical understandings of language change by proposing a cultural-syntactic framework that helps explain the variable trajectories of heritage languages in diverse multilingual contexts.

This study investigates the interplay between linguistic relativity and cultural schemata, examining how language encodes culturally salient concepts and shapes cognitive frameworks across diverse communities. Through ethnographic and psycholinguistic approaches, the study collects data from 12 different language communities with varied cultural backgrounds. Cross-linguistic and cross-cultural analyses reveal significant correlations between linguistic structures—such as grammatical categories, lexical distinctions, and metaphorical expressions—and culturally specific schemata in spatial, temporal, and social domains. Perception and cognitive reasoning experiments were conducted with 450 participants to test linguistic relativity hypotheses in cultural contexts. Quantitative and qualitative findings demonstrate that linguistic patterns both reflect and reinforce cultural norms, influencing perception and cognitive strategies. Analysis of cultural text corpora shows how linguistic categories serve as vehicles for internalizing cultural values and worldviews. Specifically, the study finds systematic variations in spatial information processing, time conceptualization, and social event interpretation that correlate with language features of respective communities. These results underscore the co-constitutive relationship between language and culture in shaping human thought, providing important implications for cross-cultural education, intercultural communication, and cognitive theory.

This study aims to produce a valid SOLE-based reaction rate electronic student activity sheet (E-LKPD) and to determine user responses to the resulting product. The research method used is research and development (R&D) using the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation) development model. The research instrument is a validation sheet given to three validators and a user response sheet to one chemistry teacher of Senior High School 7 Pekanbaru and one chemistry teacher of Senior High School 11 Pekanbaru as well as 13 class XI students of Senior High School 7 Pekanbaru and 13 class XI students of Senior High School 11 Pekanbaru. The data analysis technique is carried out by calculating the percentage of validation assessment scores and user responses, the results of which are measured by an attitude assessment table. The results of the study indicate that the electronic student activity sheet (E-LKPD) based on SOLE that was developed has met the valid criteria by the material validator based on the aspect of content feasibility of 92.19%, SOLE model characteristics of 95.83%, pedagogic of 93.75%, linguistic of 95.83% and graphic of 95.83%. For the media validator based on the aspect of size of 100%, cover design of 92.50% and content design of 97.50%. While the user response based on teacher and student responses is in the very good criteria with scores of 94.79% and 88.05% respectively.

A toxic relationship is an unhealthy relationship between a man and a woman, which generally causes psychological and physical discomfort. This study focused on women as victims of toxic relationships, with semi-structured interviews with two female participants who experienced toxic relationships. Aiming to find out the description of the experiences of women victims of toxic relationships, with the uniqueness of each participant, then be analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The results found five main themes: toxic behavior; motivation to maintain relationships; the impact of a toxic relationship; self- awareness; hope. The unique theme that emerged in the participants was a complex form of violence in the second participant which was influenced by the duration of the relationship including physical, psychological, economic violence and other things. The findings in this study can be a lesson especially for people who are dating to be more aware of the health of the relationship that is being undertaken.

The ability to speak in public is commonly referred to as public speaking, which is part of non-formal education, specifically skills education. With the skills one possesses, they can have better self-confidence. Public speaking plays a significant role in interactions between individuals. This service activity, which is educational training, is carried out with the aim of providing development and expertise that benefits both the individual and the company or organization. Along with the development of times, the need for soft skills training such as public speaking has become a priority for many people. In fact, many parents also prepare their children to have good public speaking skills from an early age. Public speaking training is not only important for personal development but also plays a significant role in supporting success in various fields, such as in the workplace, education, and social activities. Therefore, it is essential for each individual to have good public speaking skills to face various challenges in communication and interaction with others. This training provides an understanding of effective speaking techniques, ways to overcome nervousness, and enhances the ability to communicate clearly and confidently.

Labeling in adolescents can be formed from a deviation that occurs due to a negative gap in their social environment, which affects their behavior and lifestyle. Islamic Junior High School are not differentiated from other public schools because adolescents always want to try new things to find their identity. In addition, the formation of self-concept is also obtained from the process of interaction with the social environment with the suitability between self-image and ideal self. This study aims to see the relationship between self-concept formation and labeling actions in adolescents, so this research is quantitative correlation with data collection using a questionnaire. The results obtained from this study show that there is an act of labeling in schools with Islamic values and the formation of self-concept in adolescents can be influenced by the act of labeling with a positive and significant value. Adolescents who are socially labeled will see themselves as the label given by their environment.  

This research aims to explore how cybercrime occurs in Indonesia and the government's efforts to tackle it. By understanding the various incidents that occur and the factors that cause them, it is hoped that this research can contribute to the development of policies and prevention strategies that are more effective in dealing with cybercrime threats.  The research method used is descriptive qualitative research with a normative juridical approach. Qualitative descriptive research with a normative juridical approach is research that tries to describe an event or incident that occurs directly, real, realistic, actual in the existing rules. The results and discussion of this research show that cybercrime, especially data theft and hacking of government websites, is a serious problem that requires immediate attention and action. With the right measures, it is hoped that Indonesia can reduce cybercrime incidents and improve overall cybersecurity. Overall, the results of this study provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges Indonesia faces in dealing with cybercrime threats as well as the steps that need to be taken to improve cybersecurity in the country.

This study is entitled Factors Causing Murder in Upfaon Village, North Central Timor Regency. This study aims to reveal the factors behind the occurrence of the crime of murder committed by a father against his son-in-law in Upfaon Village, South Biboki District, North Central Timor Regency. The method used is empirical juridical with a qualitative approach. The data used consists of primary, secondary, and tertiary data, which are obtained through literature studies and interviews with four respondents who have a direct connection to the case. Data analysis techniques are carried out through the stages of editing, coding, and tabulation, then analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results of the study indicate that there are two main factors that cause the crime, namely internal and external factors. Internal factors include the emotional condition of the perpetrator such as heartache, anger, and revenge. While external factors are influenced by the consumption of alcohol and local culture that still maintains the values ​​of violence as a form of conflict resolution.

This study examines the linguistic characteristics of the Quraysh dialect and its influence on the development of the pre-Islamic Arabic language. Using a qualitative research method based on a literature review, this study analyzes various sources discussing the phonology, morphology, and syntax of the Quraysh dialect and its role in the formation of standard Arabic. The findings reveal that the Quraysh dialect has a smoother phonological system, a more structured grammar, and a richer vocabulary compared to other Arabic dialects. Its influence became more significant after being used in the Qur’an, which served as the primary reference in the development of standard Arabic. Additionally, classical linguists adopted the Quraysh dialect as the foundation for Arabic grammatical rules. Thus, the Quraysh dialect plays a central role in the evolution of the Arabic language from the pre-Islamic era to the modern period.

This study aims to identify and analyze language errors at the syntactic level in the article entitled "Improving the Literacy Culture of Reading and Writing Through Students' Habituation in the Classroom." The focus of the research is on errors in sentence structure, punctuation, and other syntactic issues that may hinder effective communication in academic writing. This study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, aimed at providing a systematic, factual, and accurate description of a particular object. The data collection technique used in this research is reading and recording techniques, where the article is analyzed thoroughly to identify any linguistic mistakes. The findings of the study revealed several types of errors in the analyzed article, including spelling errors, improper use of punctuation, ineffective sentence structures, mischoices of words (diction), and inconsistencies in language usage. These errors affect the clarity and professionalism of the article. Based on these findings, this study emphasizes the importance of understanding and applying the Indonesian language rules as outlined in the General Guidelines for Indonesian Spelling (PUEBI). By adhering to these guidelines, writers can improve their writing skills, making their academic papers more effective, clear, and in accordance with established language norms. This research contributes to enhancing the quality of academic writing by highlighting areas where language proficiency is crucial in conveying ideas clearly and accurately.

This study aims to analyze the difficulties faced by teachers in utilizing digital media for teaching the Sun, Moon, and Earth concepts in English at primary schools. The research employs a qualitative approach through case studies conducted at SDN 060842 Sekip Medan. Findings reveal that limited facilities, lack of teacher proficiency in technology, and distractions during lessons are significant challenges. Despite these hurdles, the use of digital media is crucial for enhancing students' understanding of abstract concepts, as it provides interactive learning opportunities. The study proposes several solutions, including training sessions for teachers and increasing access to technological resources, to improve the integration of digital media into classroom instruction.

Scientific writing skills are essential for final-year students in completing academic assignments and enhancing their competitiveness in both academic and professional fields. However, many students face challenges in producing scientific papers that meet academic standards, particularly in terms of structure, language, and analysis. This study aims to improve students' scientific writing skills through structured training. The method used in this program is practice-based training with an interactive approach, including workshops, mentoring, and direct evaluation of participants' writing. The program targeted a group of 40 final-year students from various academic disciplines, who participated in a series of workshops and one-on-one mentoring sessions. Data were collected through pre- and post-training assessments of writing quality, including structure, coherence, and argumentation. The results indicate that after attending the training, students showed significant improvement in understanding the structure of scientific papers, mastering effective writing techniques, and developing data-based arguments. The post-training assessments showed an increase of 30% in the average quality of the students’ writing. The implications of this study suggest that scientific writing training can be an effective strategy in preparing competitive academic human resources capable of contributing to scientific publications. Additionally, these findings highlight the importance of providing structured and interactive training programs to enhance students’ academic writing skills.

This study analyzes the implementation of a holistic approach in Arabic language learning at MA Raudlatus Syabab Sukowono, Jember. The holistic approach emphasizes the integration of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects to enhance students' overall Arabic language proficiency. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques including observations, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects consist of Arabic language teachers, students, and educational staff involved in the learning process. Data analysis is conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the holistic approach is implemented through project-based learning, group discussions, and the use of audiovisual media. Key supporting factors include the active role of teachers in guiding and motivating students, a conducive learning environment, and the availability of diverse learning media. However, challenges identified include limited instructional time and variations in student comprehension of the material taught. Despite these challenges, the holistic approach has proven effective in improving students' Arabic language proficiency when supported by appropriate teaching strategies that align with students' needs. This study recommends enhancing the role of teachers in the learning process, optimizing the use of learning resources, and developing adaptive strategies to maximize the effectiveness of Arabic language learning in the future.

The purpose of this study was to determine the Effect of Sunday School Material on the Behavior of Sunday School Children at GKPS Marubun Lokkung 2025. The method used in this study is a quantitative method. The population used by the researcher was the total number of Sunday school children aged 8 to 11 years at the GKPS Marubun Lokkung Church in 2025 as many as 30 people and the sample in the study was all populations totaling 30 people. Data were collected using a positive closed questionnaire of 30 items. The results of data analysis show that there is an Influence of Sunday School Materials on the Behavior of Sunday School Children at GKPS Marubun Lokkung 2025: 1) Analysis requirements test: a) A positive relationship test is obtained by the value of the Influence of Sunday School Materials on the Behavior of Sunday School Children at GKPS Marubun Lokkung 2025. rxy = 0.621> rtable (α = 0.05; n = 30) = 0.361 thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable X and variable Y. b) A significant relationship test is obtained by tcount = 5.322> rtable (α = 0.05; n = 28) = 2.048 thus there is a significant relationship between variable X and variable Y. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of ChatGPT as a tool to help students complete academic assignments. Using a quantitative descriptive method, this study involved 150 6th semester students of the Mathematics Education Study Program selected through a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected through an online questionnaire that measured the intensity of ChatGPT use, ease of understanding the material, and its impact on learning outcomes. The results showed that the majority of students felt helped by the use of ChatGPT, especially in compiling essay assignments, understanding complex academic concepts, and increasing self-confidence in solving math problems. However, it was found that excessive use has the potential to reduce learning motivation if students rely too much on instant answers. Therefore, wise use of ChatGPT and integration with conventional learning methods is highly recommended so that students continue to develop critical thinking skills and independence in learning.