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Menstrual pain or dysmenorrhea is a common complaint experienced by adolescent girls throughout the world has shown that the incidence of dysmenorrhea is quite high, namely 43-93% of women experience dysmenorrhea and 5-10% of them experience very severe dysmenorrhea and leave their activities 1-3 days a month, where 8% of them have to leave school or work during menstruation The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of giving turmeric and tamarind with pineapple juice on reducing primary dysmenorrhea pain in TPMB "M".This study uses a qualitative research strategy, with a case study, which is a series of scientific activities carried out intensively, in detail and in depth about a program, event, and activity, both at the individual level, a group of people, institutions, or organizations to obtain in-depth knowledge about the event, this case study was conducted directly to adolescents who were menstruating and experiencing primary dysmenorrhea. The results of the study were conducted in Case 1, an adolescent who was experiencing Primary Dysmenorrhea pain with a pain scale of 9 after being given Turmeric Acid, the NRS value at Visit 1 was 7, Visit 2 was 5, Visit 3 was 3. While in Case 2 after being given Pineapple juice, the NRS value at Visit 1 was 7, Visit 2 was 4, Visit 3 was 2. both were the same in reducing pain, but consuming Turmeric Acid was more effective in reducing pain by 1 on the 2nd visit and the difference in pain reduction was 1 on the 3rd visit. It is hoped that this study can be used to add new knowledge about the treatment of dysmenorrhea pain in adolescents in a non-pharmacological way, namely by using turmeric acid and pineapple juice. as an alternative.

Chronic disease caused by increased blood sugar levels and potentially causing many complications especially when uncontrolled conditions are known as diabetes mellitus. Glycosylated hemoglobin examination is a reliable method in evaluating long-term glycemic control because it is not affected by daily fluctuations and reflects glucose levels for 120 days. The province with the 10th highest number of diabetes mellitus cases in 2018 was Aceh. One of the districts in Aceh, namely North Aceh, is the area with the highest incidence of cases. This study aims to describe HbA1c levels and characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Cut Meutia Regional Hospital, North Aceh in 2023. Using a descriptive cross-sectional design, 77 patients were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected from laboratory results and MMAS-8 and MIAS-8 questionnaires. The results showed that most patients had uncontrolled HbA1c levels (90.9%), uncontrolled HbA1c men (91.7%), 56–65 years old (40.3%), had pre-hypertension blood pressure (83.1%), and medication compliance in the moderate category (54.5%). This can be concluded that cases of diabetes with uncontrolled glycosylated hemoglobin levels are men.

Irritant contact dermatitis is a skin disease that often occurs in rubber company workers due to contact with irritant materials. Irritant materials in the work environment can damage the skin, cause inflammation, and cause irritation. If not treated immediately, this condition can interfere with comfort and reduce work efficiency. This study aims to determine the factors associated with complaints of irritant contact dermatitis in production and laboratory workers at PT. X. This study uses a quantitative approach with an observational cross-sectional design. The study population was 64 workers, with 38 people as samples taken using a purposive sampling technique. The variables studied included the dependent variable (complaints of irritant contact dermatitis) and independent variables (length of service, exposure to chemicals, duration of exposure, personal hygiene, and use of PPE). Data analysis was carried out univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square statistical test with a 95% confidence interval. The results showed that complaints of irritant contact dermatitis with moderate and severe categories were 44.7%, and the mild category was 55.3%. There was a significant relationship between length of work (p=0.031), length of exposure (p=0.032), personal hygiene (p=0.011), and use of PPE (p=0.024) with complaints of irritant contact dermatitis.   Keywords:, , 

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae. It is a neglected tropical disease, still found in more than 120 countries, with more than 200,000 new cases reported each year.. The purpose of this research is to characterize leprosy patients in Lhokseumawe City and to describe the Multi Drug Therapy therapy. Information about the therapy, including the kind of leprosy, age, gender, employment, and the precise period of treatment, is evaluated in this research. Instruments for measurement were derived using data collected from medical records in this cross-sectional observational investigation. A whole sampling population was used in the sampling procedure, with 42 respondents making up the sample. Based on these findings, MB leprosy is the most frequent form of the disease (90.5% of cases), men make up the majority (64.3%) of leprosy patients, and the majority of leprosy patients are adults (88.1%). Results from the MDT treatment protocol indicated that 76.2% of patients were considered to have finished therapy (RFT), with the biggest occupational category being patients who did not work, accounting for 50% of the total. It is imperative that leprosy officers work to promote health promotion in order to raise awareness, decrease negative stigma, and speed up the discovery of leprosy cases

Dental caries is damage to hard tooth tissue caused by bacterial metabolism in plaque that results in demineralization. This study aims to analyze the relationship between knowledge, consumption of cariogenic foods and tooth brushing habits with the incidence of dental caries in adolescents at One Icon Dental Clinic Gresik. Using an analytical survey method with a cross-sectional design, this study involved 118 adolescent respondents selected through accidental sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using the chi square and Spearman Rank tests. The results showed a significant relationship between knowledge (p = 0.000, r = 0.621), consumption of cariogenic foods (p = 0.000, r = 0.792), and tooth brushing habits (p = 0.043) with the incidence of dental caries. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between the three variables and the incidence of dental caries in adolescents at One Icon Dental Clinic Gresik    

Industri peternakan memiliki kontribusi penting dalam mendukung perekonomian nasional serta penyediaan protein hewani. Kambing merupakan salah satu komoditas ternak potensial yang banyak dibudidayakan masyarakat pedesaan, termasuk di Desa Besowo, Kecamatan Kepung, Kabupaten Kediri. Namun, keterbatasan sarana, pengetahuan teknis, dan pola pemeliharaan tradisional masih menjadi kendala dalam meningkatkan kinerja peternak kambing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh modal sosial terhadap kinerja peternak kambing. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis regresi untuk mengukur hubungan antara variabel modal sosial (norma, jaringan, kepercayaan, dan hubungan timbal balik) dengan kinerja peternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modal sosial peternak kambing di Desa Besowo relatif baik, tercermin dari adanya praktik titip ternak, penggunaan fasilitas bersama, hingga kegiatan kelompok ternak. Kinerja peternak cenderung masih tradisional, dengan pola pemeliharaan dan pemberian pakan bergantung pada kondisi alam serta usaha ternak yang dijalankan sebagai profesi sampingan. Analisis regresi menghasilkan nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 53,7%, yang mengindikasikan bahwa modal sosial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja peternak kambing. Hal ini menegaskan bahwa penguatan modal sosial dapat membantu mengatasi keterbatasan teknis dan sarana prasarana, sekaligus meningkatkan keberlanjutan usaha peternakan kambing.

Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is a leading commodity in the aquaculture sector with high economic value. To support shrimp farming productivity, the provision of high-quality seed stock must begin with optimal nauplius production techniques. This study aims to examine the nauplius production process of L. vannamei at the CV. Pacific Andre Anton (PAA) hatchery in Situbondo, East Java, covering stages such as media preparation, broodstock management, spawning, egg hatching, and nauplius harvesting. The methods used were observation, interviews, and active participation during the internship program. Observations revealed that natural spawning was conducted using a male-to-female broodstock ratio of 3:1–5:1, with broodstock aged at least 8 months. Over one month of production, a total of 51,418,901 eggs were produced, with a hatching rate of 87% and nauplius yield reaching 44,954,325. Key success factors in nauplius production include broodstock quality, eyestalk ablation technique, strict water quality management, high-nutrition feeding, and the implementation of biosecurity protocols. The findings indicate that the nauplius production techniques applied at CV. PAA meet established standards and can serve as a reference for developing L. vannamei hatchery operations.

This study aims to analyze the structure and shifts in the economy of the livestock subsector in South Lampung Regency to identify base and prospective commodities, concentrated and distinctive commodities, fast-growing and highly competitive commodities, and those with the highest economic shifts, collectively referred to as leading commodities. The data used are secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics and the Department of Livestock and Animal Health of South Lampung Regency. The commodities analyzed include 12 types of livestock distributed across 17 sub-districts, with a total of 204 observation units. The analytical methods used include Location Quotient (LQ) and Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ) to identify base and prospective commodities; Localization Index (LI) and Specialization Index (SI) to assess commodity concentration and distinctiveness; and Shift Share Analysis (SSA) to measure growth, competitiveness, and net shifts. Quadrant classification at each stage was performed using the Klassen Typology. The results indicate that 61 observation units of commodity-subdistricts are classified as base and prospective commodities, and 10 of these also meet the criteria for concentration, distinctiveness, rapid growth, and high competitiveness. The commodity with the highest net shift value is broiler chickens in Tanjung Sari Sub-district, making it a leading commodity in South Lampung’s livestock subsector.

This study aims to analyze the business model applied by UMKM Torani Sumber Makmur through the Business Model Canvas approach and analyze the added value of processed fish products at UMKM Torani Sumber Makmur. This research has been conducted at UMKM Torani Sumber Makmur, Cirebon City in August 2024 - April 2025. The research method used is a case study method with a quantitative and qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out by observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The sampling method used was purposive sampling, and the snowball sampling method. Data analysis used is business model canvas analysis and added value. The research results from the business model canvas analysis show that the application of the business model at UMKM Torani Sumber Makmur can contribute to the success of the business being run. The results of the added value analysis show that processed fish products at UMKM Torani Sumber Makmur have added value with the highest added value being ekado products amounting to Rp.219,025 / kg with a percentage ratio of added value to product value of 78.22%. Fish roll products amounted to Rp.135,194 / kg with a percentage ratio of added value to product value of 72.82%. Salmon fish dumplings products amounted to Rp.112,227 / kg with a percentage ratio of added value to product value of 53.44%. Salmon fish meatball products amounted to Rp.88,717 / kg with a percentage ratio of added value to product value of 47.96%

The aimed of this research was to analyzing the problems and income of fish farming businesses in Loa Kulu District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. This study used qualitative descriptive analysis methods and income analysis. The results of the study showed that the problems faced by fish farmers in Loa Kulu District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency related to fish farming (tilapia fish breeding and enlargement) were the problem of uncertain water quality in the Mahakam River, flooding in fish seed cultivation ponds, and lack of information on disease control in cultivation activities and complaints about slow fish growth in several cultivation locations. The amount of income from 19 fish farmers who carried out seed farming businesses was in the interval of IDR 48,131,090.48 / year to IDR 767,232,756.71 / year with an average of IDR 260,778,413.40 / year per respondent or IDR 21,731,534.45 / month per respondent. The amount of income from 23 fish farmers who run fish farming businesses is in the interval of IDR 81,245,257.14/year to IDR 2,908,679,785.71/year with an average of IDR 1,153,670,371.64/year per respondent or IDR 96,139,197.64/month per respondent.

This study aims to determine the types of fish caught by the local community of Es Wambi village and how the local community of Es Wambi village utilizes the fish caught. The study was conducted from May to July 2024, in Es Wambi village, Okaba District, Merauke Regency. The sampling technique used in this study was non-probability sampling. Data collection techniques used observation, interview, and questionnaire techniques. The results of the study found that the types of fish caught by the local community consisted of 11 types from sea waters and 4 types from fresh waters. Types of fish from sea waters are; stingray (Dasyatis sp), ribbonfish (Trisiulus savala), kuro fish (Eleutheronema tetradactylum), bulanak fish (Mugil chepalus), gulama fish (Jhonius sp), snapper (Lates calcarifer), glass fish (Kurtus guliferi), bambit fish (Selenotoca sp), thorn fish (Chinetodus sp), julung-julung fish (Strongylura-strongylura) and tongue fish (Cynoglassus lingua). Meanwhile, the fish caught from fresh waters are; tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), betik fish (Anabas Testudineus), snakehead fish (Chana striata) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The utilization of fish caught by local people based on observation results is grouped into 3 parts, namely used as consumption fish, sold fresh and processed into salted fish.  

This article discusses the evaluation of learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) through a library research approach. Evaluation is a crucial component of the learning process, as it measures the extent to which learning objectives cognitive, affective, and psychomotor have been achieved. In practice, PAI evaluations still tend to emphasize the cognitive aspect, while the affective and psychomotor domains receive less attention. Findings from various literature sources emphasize the importance of holistic evaluation that comprehensively assesses all learning domains. Alternative methods such as observation, portfolios, reflective journals, self-assessment, and religious project-based evaluations are recommended to capture students' learning outcomes more accurately. However, implementation challenges persist, including limited time, insufficient teacher training, and a lack of appropriate evaluation tools. Therefore, this article recommends enhanced teacher capacity-building, supportive policies, and innovation in evaluation systems so that PAI assessment moves beyond administrative formality and effectively fosters students’ Islamic character development in a holistic manner

This article examines the implementation of digital literacy within the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curriculum as a response to educational transformation in the digital era. The study aims to analyze strategies for integrating digital literacy into the PAI curriculum, identify the challenges of its implementation, and formulate a contextual model for developing PAI learning based on digital literacy. Using a qualitative research method with a literature review approach and analysis of current curriculum documents, the study found that the implementation of digital literacy in the PAI curriculum remains partial and unsystematic. The findings indicate the need to reformulate the PAI curriculum by comprehensively integrating digital literacy competencies through digital project-based learning, online collaborative learning, and the use of social media for reflective learning. The implications of these findings highlight the urgency of transforming the PAI curriculum to prepare students to become critical, creative, and ethical digital Muslims in the era of technological disruption.

This article discusses the design and development of a Christian Religious Education (PAK) curriculum for families with the aim of making families salt and light in the world. Referring to the teachings of Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew 5:13-16, families are expected to be role models in everyday life through the application of Christian values. This curriculum includes teaching about family theology, the application of Christ's teachings in practical life, character building, and strengthening relationships between family members. The method used in this article is a qualitative method of data obtained through interviews with several families who have implemented the PAK Family curriculum. Curriculum planning is adjusted to the age and developmental stage of family members, and is accompanied by an evaluation to assess the effectiveness of implementation. The role of the church in supporting the implementation of this curriculum is also discussed, where the church functions as a partner in providing resources and training for families. This research is expected to provide a positive contribution to the formation of families based on the Christian faith, which can have a broad impact on society as true salt and light.

This study examines the concept of hibah (gift) in Islamic law and its implementation in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) in Indonesia. Through juridical-normative analysis, the research investigates how Islamic law principles regarding hibah have been transformed into national legislation through KHI and evaluates their implementation in religious court practices. The findings reveal that KHI has successfully harmonized Islamic jurisprudence with national legal requirements, particularly through articles 210-214, which regulate hibah procedures including limitations on gift amounts, beneficiary rights, and documentation requirements. However, challenges persist due to KHI's relatively weak position in the legal hierarchy as a Presidential Instruction rather than formal legislation, creating potential conflicts with other regulations. The study recommends strengthening KHI's legal status, updating its provisions to address contemporary issues, standardizing hibah procedures, and providing judges with appropriate discretionary space to ensure both legal certainty and substantive justice in hibah disputes.

This study aims to conduct an in-depth examination on the concept of Buddhist economic based on the principles of the Buddha’s teachings in the Sutta Pitaka. The methodology used in this research is descriptive qualitative with literature analysis, collecting data obtained from both primary and secondary sources. The primary source refers to the main Buddhist scripture, the Tipitaka, especially the Sutta Pitaka section. Secondary sources include books, journals, and articles relevant to the topic, which help to enrich the discussion on the concept of Buddhist economic. The research results show that the Buddhist economic is an approach that integrates the principles of Buddha’s teachings with the practice of wealth accumulation and management based on ethics and morality. Buddhism is a religion that emphasizes moral practice, so the right way to accumulate wealth is by not neglecting Buddhist morality. Human welfare should not be achieved by harming other beings or damaging the environment. Proper wealth management is the wisdom in using wealth to support the achievement of welfare. This study provides an important contribution to Buddhist knowledge about the correct strategies for wealth accumulation and management that support economic growth and welfare while prioritizing morality.

Finding out “persepsi santri” at Islamic Boarding School Raudlatul Ulum 1 Putri about the Compulsory Study Hour activity as a self-study method was the aim of this study.  This study employed a qualitative methodology, gathering data through documentation, interviews, and observation.  The findings demonstrated that students benefited greatly from the Compulsory Study Hour exercise, which enhanced their capacity to focus, comprehend the subject matter, and study on their own. However, several problems hindered the Compulsory Study Hour activity, such as tired students, monotonous learning methods, and lack of mentors. To make this activity more effective, it is recommended to add variations in learning methods, provide adequate mentors, and give students sufficient rest time.

This research aims to look at the conditions and situations in the learning process of Islamic Cultural History (SKI) at MTs Negeri 2 Bengkulu City. The research method used by researchers is a qualitative method which explains descriptively about SKI learning in this research using direct observation and interview methods by coming to the research location and directly to the r esearch subjects so that data collection can be carried out more effectively. Researchers found one problem at MTs Negeri 2 Bengkulu City, namely students' learning difficulties which affected students' interest, motivation and learning success. From this research, it was found that what causes learning difficulties for students at Mts Negeri 2 Bengkulu City is related to differences in students with elementary school and SD IT/MI educational backgrounds before entering MTs Negeri 2 Bengkulu City.

Families with disabled members often face physical, emotional, social, and spiritual challenges. In this situation, the presence of Islamic religious instructors is essential to strengthen the mental and spiritual well-being of the family. This article aims to examine the strategic role of Islamic religious instructors in this context, an aspect that has not been widely studied before. Field research was conducted for two months, January–February 2025, at the Family Support Group in Wonosobo Regency, involving 27 respondents. The results of the study indicate that religious instructors have an important role in assisting families with disabilities. For this reason, a comprehensive and empathetic counseling strategy is needed, namely: an empathetic and conducive approach, a planned systematic approach, and a sustainable approach through networks. These three approaches are based on the principles of rahmatan lil 'alamin (compassion), wasathiyah (moderation), and participatory (involving the family as the subject). This article emphasizes the importance of the role of Islamic religious instructors, and recommends that the Ministry of Religion draft regulations that prioritize counseling services for families with disabilities.

Happiness is a word that is the obsession of every living human being, but many people are trapped in false happiness, so a discussion about happiness in this world and the hereafter is needed to be used as a guide. This article aims to explore the key to happiness in this world and the hereafter from the perspective of KH. Husain Ilyas Mojokerto, with a character study setting. The result: that the key to happiness in this world and the hereafter is to have three attitudes and behaviors, namely: As-Shofa, Al-Wafa, and Al-Jafa. As-Shofa means learning to cleanse the heart, learning from others who are more successful. Al-Wafa means keeping promises, not breaking your own words, not being a hypocrite. Al-Jafa means not being affected by praise, not being surprised when being cursed or insulted. These three concepts indicate that the essence of true happiness is not a matter of material things, but how to cultivate attitudes and behaviors that are reflections from the depths of the heart. This finding provides a direction for further research on true happiness that is multifunctional, namely the world and the hereafter. This study is expected to be useful for the direction of future research.