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Microplastics have emerged as a serious threat to tropical marine ecosystems in Indonesia, particularly in coastal areas with dense populations, major river estuaries, and busy shipping routes. This study aims to develop a predictive model of microplastic dispersion using partial differential equations based on ocean current data. The data set includes ocean currents derived from satellite imagery, global oceanographic models, and field observations, combined with information on microplastic sources from coastal human activities. The modeling process was conducted through numerical simulations using the finite difference method, taking into account geographic boundary conditions and numerical stability. The results indicate that the spatial distribution of microplastics is strongly influenced by seasonal current patterns closely associated with the Asian-Australian monsoon system. Microplastic concentrations tend to increase in areas with closed circulation and complex marine topography, with the highest accumulation identified in the Makassar Strait and the Java Sea. These findings highlight the critical role of ocean currents and other oceanographic factors in governing the transport and accumulation of microplastics in tropical seas. Ecologically, the outcomes suggest serious risks for coastal ecosystems, marine biodiversity, and the fisheries sector that supports Indonesia’s coastal communities. The implications of this study emphasize the need for more comprehensive marine environmental management strategies, strengthened field monitoring, and the integration of scientific models into plastic pollution control policies.

Human Rights (HAM) are a universal concept that guarantees the freedom and dignity of every individual. From a Western perspective, human rights emerged from a long historical experience marked by oppression, absolutism, and the struggle for individual freedom, thereby emphasizing secular, rational, and individualistic aspects. Meanwhile, in the Islamic perspective, human rights are not only rational and social in nature but also theological, as they originate from divine revelation and are part of human nature (fitrah). Islam views human rights as fundamental rights granted by Allah SWT to all of humanity, which must be respected and protected, with an emphasis on the balance between rights and obligations, as well as between individual freedom and the interests of society. One of the fundamental differences between the two is that human rights in Islam are theocentric, based on the revealed teachings of the Qur'an and Hadith. In contrast, Western-secular human rights are anthropocentric, founded upon philosophical thought as their main foundation.

The RADEC (Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain, and Create) learning model is an innovative approach that aims to improve students' critical thinking skills in elementary schools. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of implementing the RADEC model in the context of elementary school learning and its impact on the development of students' critical thinking skills. The RADEC approach emphasizes active student involvement through five main stages: reading to build initial understanding, answering questions to test reasoning power, discussing to broaden perspectives, re-explaining concepts to deepen understanding, and creating products or solutions as a concrete manifestation of the critical thinking process. This study used a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design and involved fifth grade students in a public elementary school. The instruments used were critical thinking tests and student activity observation sheets. The results showed that the implementation of the RADEC model significantly increased students' critical thinking skill scores compared to conventional learning models. In addition, students showed higher enthusiasm and learning independence during the learning process. These findings indicate that the RADEC model is not only able to build a stronger understanding of concepts but also encourages students to actively analyze, evaluate, and create ideas. Therefore, the RADEC model is recommended as an effective alternative learning strategy to improve the quality of learning and critical thinking skills of students at the elementary school level.

Terrorism is an extraordinary crime that poses a serious threat to both national and international security. Law enforcement efforts against such crimes face complex challenges, particularly in the evidentiary process. The process of proving terrorism-related offenses involves not only formal legal procedures but also substantive aspects, including the role of intelligence, the use of information technology, and the protection of human rights. This study aims to comprehensively examine the obstacles encountered by law enforcement authorities in proving acts of terrorism and to propose normative and practical solutions based on the development of national criminal law. The research employs a normative juridical approach, utilizing secondary data sourced from legislation, legal literature, and scholarly journals. The findings highlight the need for a reformulation of evidentiary approaches that are more adaptive to modern terrorism modus operandi, as well as the importance of enhancing cross-sectoral and international cooperation in the enforcement of anti-terrorism laws in Indonesia.

The rapid development of smart cities, integrating technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and big data analytics, has transformed urban environments, improving public services and governance. However, this progress presents challenges in inclusivity, accountability, and equity, requiring updates to public service law to address emerging concerns. As digital technologies reshape governance, legal frameworks must balance innovation with citizens' rights protection. This study explores the intersection of law, technology, and society in smart cities, focusing on the implications of digital transformation on public service law. It identifies challenges in governance, including the digital divide, privacy protection, and data security. The research aims to propose an inclusive legal framework that supports technological innovation while promoting accountability and social equity in smart cities. A socio-legal approach is used, combining case studies, policy analysis, and stakeholder interviews. The findings reveal that while digital transformation improves efficiency, challenges remain in citizen participation and reducing inequalities. Successful smart city models, such as those in Barcelona and Tallinn, prioritize inclusivity, accountability, and participation. The study highlights the need for flexible, adaptive legal frameworks to ensure that smart cities are governed inclusively, transparently, and equitably.

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed fundamental vulnerabilities in global supply chain systems, such as over-reliance on single suppliers and a lack of operational visibility. This has highlighted the urgent need for a new approach to risk management—one that leverages smart technologies. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising solution, thanks to its capabilities in predictive analytics and adaptive, data-driven decision-making in real time. This study aims to develop an AI-based predictive system framework to enhance the resilience of global supply chains in the face of post-pandemic disruptions. Using the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology, the research designs and evaluates a system that integrates algorithms such as LSTM, Random Forest, Natural Language Processing (NLP), and Reinforcement Learning. It also applies a federated learning approach to ensure data privacy among supply chain partners. The study analyzes over 12,000 data entries from diverse sources, including IoT devices, weather data, demand trends, and social media. The system's effectiveness is evaluated through a combination of quantitative methods (PLS-SEM analysis on 103 respondents) and qualitative methods (interviews with 12 industry executives). The findings show that AI-driven predictive analytics significantly improve supply chain resilience (β = 0.67; p < 0.001), with demand forecasting accuracy increasing by up to 40% and delivery times reduced by 30%. Conceptually, the study contributes by designing a resilient model that integrates real-time visibility, adaptability, and cross-organizational collaborative learning. Unlike traditional approaches focused solely on automation, this framework offers a more holistic solution, addressing key gaps in the literature. The implication is clear: AI is becoming a strategic asset in building sustainable, resilient supply chains amid ongoing global uncertainty.

This study examines the effect of product quality, brand image, and price on consumer loyalty through satisfaction in students using Acer laptops at Dian Nuswantoro University. Data were collected from 115 respondents and analyzed using PLS-SEM through SmartPLS 4.0 software. The results show that product quality and brand image have a positive and significant effect on satisfaction, while price does not have a significant effect on satisfaction. On the other hand, only brand image and consumer satisfaction are proven to have a significant effect on consumer loyalty, while product quality and price do not show a significant direct effect on loyalty. However, product quality is proven to have an indirect effect on consumer loyalty through consumer satisfaction as a mediating variable. These findings emphasize the importance of improving quality and brand image to build loyalty.

This study analyzes the impact of service quality, store atmosphere, and price fairness on customer satisfaction and its effect on loyalty at Kaisar Barbershop Semarang. A quantitative approach using PLS-SEM was employed, with 145 purposively sampled respondents (criteria: customers who used the service at least twice in the last three months). Data was collected via a 7-point Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed using SmartPLS. Results show that service quality is the most dominant factor (path coefficient 0.732), followed by store atmosphere and price fairness (each 0.135). Customer satisfaction also significantly influences loyalty (0.935). These findings assist management in improving strategies to maintain customer loyalty in a competitive market

This consider points to assess the affect of brand image on customer obtaining behavior in a computerized setting by joining quantitative strategies and counterfeit insights (AI)-based opinion examination. Essential information collection was conducted through an internet overview of 212 respondents matured 21–35 a long time who routinely make online buys, whereas auxiliary information was gotten from 5,000 customer comments on social media and e-commerce destinations. The comes about of the relapse examination appeared that brand image components such as believe (β = 0.37), seen quality (β = 0.31), and passionate association (β = 0.28) have a critical impact on buy purposeful (R² = 0.62, p < 0.01). The discoveries from the estimation investigation appeared that 72% of customer suppositions were positive, supporting the quantitative comes about and underlining the significance of the enthusiastic viewpoint in acquiring choices. This think about contributes to the advancement of hypothesis by combining essential and auxiliary information analyzed utilizing AI innovation, and emphasizing the significance of computerized notoriety and enthusiastic perspectives in forming brand quality. The comes about of this ponder open up unused points of view in creating data-based promoting procedures within the computerized period.

This study intends to evaluate the effect of Green Accounting, Company Size, and Leverage on Financial Performance. Companies engaged in manufacturing have an important role in the Indonesian economy and are one of the largest contributors to non-oil and gas GDP. The population in this study is from manufacturing companies engaged in food and beverages listed on the IDX for the 2019-2023 period. Green accounting focuses on environmental costs, company size uses the natural lagorithm of total assets and leverage using DER, while financial performance uses ROA. The research method applied is quantitative. The sampling procedure is “purposive sampling”, which is the selection of ten companies based on predetermined criteria. The analysis methods used in this study include descriptive statistical tests, classical assumption tests, and multiple linear regression. This study uses secondary data sourced from financial statements. The results show green accounting affects the company's financial performance with a significant value of 0.012 and a regression coefficient of -88.769, company size does not affect the company's financial performance with a significant value of 0.471 and a regression coefficient of 0.378, and leverage has an influence on the company's financial performance with a significant value of 0.034 and a regression coefficient of -4.273. Green accounting, company size, and leverage simultaneously affect the company's financial performance with a significant value of 0.001.

The reason for this study was to determine the impact of brand image, product quality, and promotion on purchasing decisions of Pizza Hut consumers. The population is Pizza Hut customers, with a sample of 150 respondents taken using non-probability sampling techniques with purposive sampling method. PLS was used as an analytical tool in this study. This study shows that brand image has a positive, but insignificant, impact on purchasing decisions of Pizza Hut consumers. On the other hand, product quality has a positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions of Pizza Hut consumers. In addition, promotion also has a positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions of Pizza Hut consumers.

This research aims to identify the impact of service quality and promotion on customer satisfaction at Alfamart in Semarang Regency. The research entity group includes residents in the West Ungaran area of Semarang Regency. The participant selection method uses a non-probability approach, specifically a directed selective method. Participants include West Ungaran residents who have passed the age threshold of 17 years and have previously conducted transactions at Alfamart in Semarang Regency. The information collection mechanism is carried out through the distribution of survey instruments using a multi-level assessment scale. Data is processed through multiple regression testing. The investigative findings reveal that service quality exerts a significant influence on customer satisfaction, based on statistical test results demonstrating the significance value of service quality at 0.000, which falls below 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05), with a test statistic of 5.727 surpassing the critical threshold of 1.986 (5.727 > 1.986). Promotional efforts similarly contribute meaningfully to customer satisfaction, reflected through testing that generated a significance value of 0.002 beneath the 0.05 threshold (0.002 < 0.05) and a test statistic of 3.211 exceeding the critical limit of 1.986 (3.211 > 1.986). Subsequently, customer satisfaction is simultaneously influenced by service quality and promotional strategies, evident from the analysis with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 in the simultaneous test and a statistic of 153.608 transcending the critical value of 3.09 in Semarang Regency at Alfamart.

This study aims to fine out how Islamic Business Ethics is applied to buying and selling transaction in Prumdam market, Bengkulu City. The purpose of this study is to explore the understanding and application of Islamic Business Ethics among traders in Traditional markets. The main issue raised was the lack of understanding of traders regarding the principles of Islamic Business Ethics and the challenges they face. The study used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, involving structured interviews with traders who had at least five years of experience in the Prumdam Morning Market. The results of the study show that some of the traders have understood the importance of honesty and Amanah in transactions, however there are some traders who are not effective in communicating the quality of the goods they sell, which reflects the lack of awareness of Islamic Business Ethics principles. Therefore, there is a need for better education and socialization to traders about Ethical values ​​which are the foundation in doing business.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death globally, with type 2 diabetes being one of the most prevalent conditions. Nutritional management for clients with type 2 diabetes requires strict adherence to the correct schedule, type, and quantity of food. To improve medication adherence, it is essential to implement preventive strategies that promote patient engagement and self-management. One such strategy is the Health Belief Model (HBM), which encourages patients to adopt healthy behaviors based on their perceptions of risk, severity, benefits, and barriers. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the Health Belief Model and medication adherence among type 2 diabetic patients in the Galala Community Health Center (Puskesmas) work area. A quantitative cross-sectional study design was used, with a sample size of 108 participants selected through simple random sampling. The independent variables in this study were perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action, while the dependent variable was medication adherence. The results revealed significant relationships between all the HBM constructs and medication adherence. Specifically, perceived susceptibility (p=0.000), perceived severity (p=0.000), perceived benefits (p=0.000), perceived barriers (p=0.000), and cues to action (p=0.000) all had strong associations with adherence to medication. The findings suggest that the Health Belief Model is a valuable framework for improving medication adherence among type 2 diabetes patients. Additionally, the use of health information technology is an effective strategy to increase patient awareness of the risks of non-adherence and the importance of regular medication intake. A combination of education, social support, technology, and an individualized approach can create a supportive environment that encourages patients to manage their treatment effectively.

The family is an essential unit consisting of two or more individuals living together due to ties of blood, marriage, or adoption, and it plays a significant role in supporting the health of its members, including those with diabetes mellitus, which can be hereditary. One of the serious complications that often arise in diabetes mellitus patients is diabetic ulcers, which can be prevented through proper foot care practices. In this context, the family has an important role in helping prevent foot injuries by providing support through foot care education. This study aims to describe the implementation of foot care education using audiovisual media as a means to improve the knowledge of diabetes mellitus patients in the working area of Sekaran Public Health Center, Semarang. The research method applied was a case study with a descriptive approach, in which an intervention was carried out through pre-test and post-test assessments related to foot care education using audiovisual media over five days, with the research instrument being the Diabetic Foot Knowledge Scale (DFKS) questionnaire. The results showed an increase in patient knowledge after the intervention, where in subject I the pre-test score was 8 (fair), which increased to 12 (good) in the post-test, while in subject II the pre-test score of 9 (fair) increased to 13 (good) in the post-test. These findings confirm that audiovisual-based foot care education is effective in enhancing the knowledge of diabetes mellitus patients regarding foot care. Based on the results, it is recommended that both patients and their families consistently apply foot care education in their daily activities, and health workers at Sekaran Public Health Center are encouraged to utilize audiovisual education methods as a strategy to improve patients’ knowledge and foot care practices, thereby preventing further complications in diabetes mellitus patients.

This study aims to examine the effect of Work Life Balance (WLB) and Job Satisfaction (JS) on employee performance at PT PLN ULP Banjarbaru, both jointly and individually, while also identifying the most dominant factor influencing performance. The research background is based on theoretical frameworks, expert opinions, and the researcher’s direct observations of workplace conditions. To achieve the research objectives, hypotheses were formulated and tested using empirical data. The study employed a quantitative approach with a saturated sampling technique, involving the entire employee population. A total of 37 respondents participated as the research sample. The collected data underwent validity and reliability testing to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the measurement instruments. Furthermore, classical assumption tests were performed to meet the requirements of multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the analysis demonstrate that both Work Life Balance and Job Satisfaction have a significant effect on employee performance, both simultaneously and partially. Among the two independent variables, Work Life Balance was identified as the most dominant factor influencing performance, indicating that employees who maintain a better balance between their personal and professional lives tend to perform better in their work. The adjusted R² value of 0.862 signifies that 86.2% of the variation in employee performance can be explained by the two independent variables studied, while the remaining 13.8% is influenced by other variables not included in this research model, such as leadership style, work motivation, or organizational culture. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining a healthy work-life balance and ensuring job satisfaction to optimize employee performance. The study suggests that organizations should implement policies and practices that promote flexibility, support employee well-being, and foster a positive work environment to enhance both individual and organizational outcomes.

Cannabis has been around since way before the Common Era. Since then, it's been used for all sorts of stuff, like making oil, fiber, and medicine. Cannabis has been on the list of illegal drugs since 1925, when it was put there at an international convention in Geneva. Cannabis is a hot topic right now because of the political and economic interests around legalizing it around the world. Numerous studies have demonstrated that cannabis is not a substance devoid of any benefits, particularly in the field of healthcare. In line with this, many pharmaceutical industries are now beginning to view cannabis as a commodity with significant market value. As a result, many countries, such as the United States, have deregulated their cannabis laws for economic purposes.

Psychological assessment is an important tool in guidance and counseling practice that aims to gain an in-depth understanding of an individual's psychological state. However, its implementation can pose ethical challenges, particularly in relation to confidentiality and objectivity. This article critically examines how professionals in guidance and counseling can maintain their integrity when applying the ethical principles of their profession. It draws on theories on professional ethics and also explores the advantages and limitations of psychological assessment and its implications for counseling services. The analysis shows that maintaining professionalism depends on a high level of ethical awareness, as well as supervision and self-reflection of counselors.

Accurate academic placement and career planning require a comprehensive understanding of students’ intellectual potential. Intelligence tests serve as objective tools to assess cognitive abilities and support counseling services. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of intelligence test results on counseling recommendations, particularly in academic streaming and career planning. The study results indicate that intelligence test outcomes significantly assist counselors’ decisions, especially when integrated with other psychological data. Appropriate use and professional interpretation of test results contribute to the accuracy and quality of educational counseling services.  

Psychological assessment plays a crucial role in guidance and counseling by helping counselors objectively understand the psychological condition of their clients. This article discusses the strategic role of assessment in the identification, monitoring, and evaluation of the counseling process, as well as outlining commonly used types of assessment. It emphasizes the importance of conducting assessments ethically, professionally, and in accordance with the client’s cultural context. The analysis shows that appropriate assessment enhances the effectiveness of interventions and supports the psychological development of the client.