The rapid development of digital technology in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution has significantly impacted Indonesia’s legal framework, particularly concerning digital privacy protection. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 as an amendment to Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE) in protecting digital privacy during the administration of President Joko Widodo. This research uses a normative legal method with a statutory and content analysis approach to examine digital legal policy. The findings show that, although there have been advances in regulation and law enforcement, digital privacy protection in Indonesia remains fragmented and has not fully adapted to the dynamic development of technology. The absence of a comprehensive legal framework and delays in the enactment of a dedicated data protection law are major challenges. The implications of this study highlight the urgency of formulating more progressive and holistic legal policies, along with adaptive regulations to ensure the protection of individual rights in the digital sphere.

The purpose of this study was to determine how technology functions in social studies learning and how technology affects students' awareness of world issues. This study was conducted through a qualitative approach with a case study as its design. The results showed that the use of technology, such as e-learning platforms, social media, and learning applications, significantly increased student engagement in social studies learning. Technology also gives students access to more information about global issues, such as international conflicts, climate change, and social injustice. Thus, students are trained to have analytical thinking skills and are able to understand the relationship between international events and everyday life. By increasing awareness of global issues, it is hoped that students can foster a sense of empathy, social responsibility, and play an active role in solving global challenges. This study found that the use of technology in social studies learning not only improves students' academic understanding but also makes them more involved in global issues as well as more sensitive and understanding in responding to global challenges.

This study examines business organization planning and human resource management in an effort to form an entrepreneurial spirit. The main goal is to understand how human resource management can contribute to the achievement of business goals and create resilient entrepreneurs. The method applied is a literature study by analyzing various literature related to business organizational planning, human resource management, and entrepreneurship. The results of the study show that careful planning and good human resource management can have a significant impact on organizational success while supporting the achievement of entrepreneurial goals efficiently.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of active learning strategies in enhancing the understanding of Islamic values in schools. Active learning provides space for students to actively engage in the learning process, allowing Islamic values to be understood, internalized, and applied in daily life. Through a literature review, this study examines various literatures discussing the concept of active learning, types of active learning strategies, and their impact on students’ understanding and practice of Islamic teachings. The results show that active learning strategies, such as discussions, simulations, religious projects, and reflections, significantly improve students' understanding of Islamic values in a deeper and more contextual manner. Furthermore, the teacher’s role as a facilitator is crucial in creating a conducive learning environment that supports the internalization of Islamic values. This study concludes that active learning not only enhances the cognitive aspects of students but also strengthens their Islamic character.

The purpose of this study is to explore the application of just and civilized humanitarian principles in an effort to address the problem of socioeconomic disparities in modern urban societies. Socioeconomic disparities are an important issue that impacts people's access to education and other social services. The study identified various factors that cause imbalances in the distribution of resources, especially in the education sector, which in turn leads to increasingly stark social and economic disparities. Using a qualitative approach and descriptive methods, this study collects data from various sources such as journals, articles, and public policy. The results of the analysis show that the application of Pancasila values, especially the principles of just and civilized humanity, has a significant role in creating social justice and economic equity. From the results of the study, it is concluded that the application of fair and civilized humanitarian principles in education and social policies needs to be improved so that every individual has equal opportunities to access education. This study recommends strategies that include collaboration between sectors and increased understanding of Pancasila values to encourage a sense of collective responsibility in society. With these measures, it is hoped that they can reduce socioeconomic disparities and realize common prosperity.

The digital era has brought major changes to various aspects of life, including in the world of education. One of the main challenges that has emerged is how to shape the character of the younger generation amidst the flow of information that is so fast, free, and uncontrolled. The negative influence of social media, the decline in direct social interaction, and weak control over digital content consumed by students are serious obstacles in the implementation of character education. This article discusses these challenges while offering strategies that can be implemented by educators, parents, and educational institutions. The strategies outlined include the wise integration of technology in character learning, strengthening the role of the family as the first and foremost educational environment, and the importance of role models and consistency of moral values in everyday life. Through an adaptive, collaborative, and sustainable approach, character education can remain the foundation in forming a generation that is not only intellectually intelligent, but also has integrity, responsibility, and noble character in the digital era.

This literature review discusses the application of Agile methodology in modern software development. Agile offers a flexible, iterative approach that contrasts with traditional waterfall models. The objective of this study is to provide insights into how Agile frameworks such as Scrum, Kanban, and Extreme Programming have influenced development speed, software quality, and team collaboration. Methodologically, the study synthesizes findings from recent academic and industrial literature from the last five years. The results show that Agile enhances adaptability and customer satisfaction, although challenges remain in large-scale implementations.
 

Education plays a strategic role in improving the quality of human resources. In this context, teachers serve as central figures who determine the success of the learning process. Teacher professionalism is one of the key indicators in establishing a high-quality education system. This article aims to analyze the role of educational policy in supporting the development of teacher professional quality in Indonesia. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a literature study approach, utilizing secondary data sources from scientific articles and journals published between 2020 and 2025, accessed through Google Scholar. The results indicate that educational policies in Indonesia have provided a strong legal and regulatory foundation for the development of teacher professionalism, such as Law Number 14 of 2005 and its derivative regulations. These policies regulate qualifications, competencies, certification, and budget support for teachers. In conclusion, educational policy plays a vital role in improving teacher quality through a structured and sustainable system.
 
 

The research conducted aims to develop Gapinsa learning media for Mathematics subjects, measurement materials in class V. The developed media can be used to assist in learning activities so that it can be used to overcome problems that occur. The research was conducted at UPT SD Negeri 248 Gresik in the 2022/2023 school year. The type of research used is research and development or called R&D using the ADDIE model. The methods used in this study are observation and interviews used to find out information or the needs of students in the classroom, documents to strengthen evidence during research activities, validation to test the feasibility of the media and questionnaires to determine the response of learning media to the media developed. The subjects of the research conducted amounted to 36 students consisting of 20 male students and 16 female students in the 2022/2023 school year. Based on the results of research conducted by researchers through the development of Gapinsa learning programs, measurement materials have gone through validity tests, including the validation stage, media experts get a score of 85% in the "Very Valid" category and for expert validation, the material gets a score of 93% in the "Very Valid" category. The score obtained from the student response questionnaire obtained a score of 95.2% in the "Very Good" category. So that gapinsa media can be concluded that gapinsa media measurement material can be used in learning activities and get a good response by students.

Media pembelajaran adalah segala sesuatu yang dapat menyalurkan pesan, merangsang pikiran, perasaan, dan kemauan dalam komunikasi antara guru dan siswa sehingga dapat mendorong terjadianya proses belajar dan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini membahas pengunaan powtoon sebagai media pembelajaran pada materi puisi kelas IV. Media pembelajaran powtoon akan digunakan pada saat penelitian, untuk mengetahui keefektifan dan aktivitas pengunaan media powtoon pada pembelajaran puisi kelas IV. model pembelajaran discovery learning adalah model pembelajaran yang tujuan nya yaitu menemukan hal bermakna dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas. Model pembelajaran ini seusai dengan permasalahan yang penulis angkat dalam penelitian ini. Prosedur pelaksaanaan penelitian Tindakan ini terdiri dari tiga siklus masing-masing siklus dilaksanakan sesuai dengan perubahan yang dicapai seprti yang sudah didesain dalam faktor-faktor yang diselidiki untuk mengetahui efektifitas penerapan media powtoon di SDN 1 Purwawinangun dilakukan observasi terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan guru,selain itu diadakan diskusi antara guru sebagai peneliti dengan para pengamat sebagai kolaborator dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan kriteria kelas IV akan dipilih dua sampel kelas terdiri dari kelas PTK berjumlah 30 siswa sesuai dengan karakteristik yang dibutuhkan. Penerapan Media Powtoon dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning dapat diterapkan dengan baik pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar, hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil pada siklus I sebesar 74,4% dengan kriteria penilaian Baik, kemudian meningkat pada siklus II didapat nilai sebesar 89,71% dengan kriteria penilaian Sangat Baik.