This study aims to determine the effect of exemplary Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers on Christian character building and learning interest of grade XI students of HKBP 1 Tarutung Private High School in the 2023/2024 school year. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with inferential statistics. The study population included all grade XI students, totaling 214 people, with a sample of 43 students (20% of the population). Data were obtained through a closed questionnaire totaling 55 items. The results of the analysis show: 1) There is a significant influence of exemplary PAK teachers on the formation of students' Christian character, with the value of F count 10.628> F table 4.08 and an influence of 20.6%; 2) The exemplary of PAK teachers also affects students' interest in learning, with the value of F count 24.274 > F table 4.08 and an influence of 37.2%; 3) The exemplary of PAK teachers has a simultaneous influence on the formation of Christian character and student interest in learning, with the value of F count 14.411 > F table 3.08 and an influence of 41.9%. This result shows that the exemplary role of PAK teachers plays an important role in the formation of Christian character and increasing students' interest in learning. Thus, Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected, which confirms that the teacher's example has a significant positive impact on students.

The research aims to determine the positive influence of video learning media on the learning motivation of Christian Religious Education and Character Education for class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Harian Samosir Regency for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The research hypothesis is that there is a positive influence between video learning media on the learning motivation of Christian Religious Education and Characteristics of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Harian Samosir Regency for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. Descriptive quantitative research method. The population of all class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Harian Samosir Regency for the 2023/2024 academic year who are Protestant Christians is 40 people and are also research respondents, therefore this research is a population research. The research instrument is a closed questionnaire. The results of data analysis obtained: a) The value of rcount=0.567>rtable=0.312 shows that there is a positive relationship between video learning media and student motivation to learn Christian Religious Education and Character. b) Regression equation. c) The determination test shows that the magnitude of the effect is 32.15%. d) Hypothesis testing obtained Fcount=17.907>Ftable=3.23 then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The research concluded that there was a positive influence of video learning media on the learning motivation for Christian Religious Education and Character Education of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Harian Samosir Regency for the 2023/2024 Academic Year.

Increasing population density and concretization in urban areas, such as Magelang City, have caused a significant decrease in green open spaces (RTH), which has an impact on food security and independence. Magelang City, with a population density of 7,361 people/km², faces a major challenge in providing adequate green spaces to support local food production. Rejowinangun Selatan Village, as one example, shows the limited green open spaces available. To overcome this problem, urban farming, especially through hydroponic techniques, offers an effective solution. The methods applied in this community service include various approaches to educate and directly involve the community in the practice of making hydroponics with solar panels. By utilizing renewable energy-based technology, such as solar panels and integrated electrical systems, hydroponic farming allows food production in limited spaces such as house terraces. This system not only increases food independence and security, but also ensures that the vegetables produced are healthier because of the minimal use of pesticides. Urban farming with the hydroponic method can optimize the use of limited space and become a productive and sustainable alternative for urban communities.

The aim of this research is to determine and analyze the position of e-voting in current election laws and regulations and the reformulation of the voting system in elections in Indonesia. E-voting can be a solution to increase voter participation, especially among voters who live abroad or in remote areas. With the existence of an electronic voting system, voters can more easily cast their votes without having to come to a physical polling place. The type of legal research used is normative. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and qualitatively. The position of e-voting in election laws and regulations is currently not regulated. This has resulted in the absence of e-voting in voting in the election system in Indonesia. The reformulation that can be carried out is by including a new article in Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections which specifically regulates e-voting in voting in future elections. Which is then accompanied by General Election Commission Regulations regarding the e-voting system in voting in elections in Indonesia.




Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kedudukan e-voting dalam peraturan perundang-undangan pemilu saat ini dan reformulasi sitem pemungutansuara dalam pemilu di Indonesia. E-voting dapat menjadi solusi untuk meningkatkan partisipasi pemilih, terutama di kalangan pemilih yang tinggal di luar negeri atau daerah terpencil. Dengan adanya sistem pemungutan suara elektronik, pemilih dapat lebih mudah memberikan suara mereka tanpa harus datang ke tempat pemungutan suara fisik. Jenis penelitian hukum yang digunakan adalah normatif. Analisa data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif. Kedudukan e-voting dalam peraturan perundang-undangan pemilu saat ini belum diatur. Sehingga mengakibatkan belum adanya pelaksanaan e-voting dalam pemungutan suara pada sistem Pemilu di Indonesia. Adapun reformulasi yang dapat dilakukan ialah dengan memuat pasal baru di dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 tentang Pemilihan Umum yang secara khusus mengatur perihal e-voting didalam pemnugutan suara di pemilu pada masa akan datang. Yang kemudian disertai dengan Peraturan Komisi Pemilihan Umum terkait system e-voting dalam pemungutan suara pada pemilu di Indonesia.

The lungs as the only pump for the respiratory system are very important organs for the continuation of life. Diagnosing or checking lung symptoms early can help people recognize the possibility that they are suffering from lung disease, so that treatment or care can be done earlier to prevent the severity of the disease. The method used in this study is the Naïve Bayes method. Naive Bayes is a simple probabilistic classifier that calculates a set of probabilities by adding up the frequencies and combinations of values ??from the given dataset. An expert system is a computer application that can help decision making in more specific fields with methods that have been analyzed in advance by experts or specialists. This study used variables, namely types of lung disease including Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Bronchial Asthma and Lung Cancer. The results of this study are that lung disease or types of lungs can be diagnosed using the web-based Naïve Bayes method, and make it easier for sufferers to consult without seeing a doctor by selecting symptoms of lung disease.

The policy of ownership of the right to the flats is an important aspect in the arrangement of vertical housing in Indonesia, especially in dense urban areas such as Kampung Utama Batam City. The background of this research focuses on the complexity of ownership dualism between individual property rights over units and collective rights to common parts, common objects, and common land. Conflicts of interest and management problems often arise, hindering the optimal implementation of policies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of government policies on ownership of rights to apartment units in Kampung Utama Batam City, identify existing obstacles, and provide recommendations for improvement. The research method used is a normative juridical approach with case studies. Data was collected through analysis of legal documents, interviews with stakeholders, and field observations. The analysis was carried out using positive legal theory from John Austin to understand the existing legal framework, legal system theory from Lawrence M. Friedman to evaluate the interaction between legal structure, substance, and culture, and legal certainty theory from Sudikno Mertokusumo to assess the clarity and predictability of applicable laws. The results of the study show that although the policy has been well drafted in Law No. 20 of 2011 concerning Flats, its implementation in the field still faces various obstacles. Dualism of ownership, unclear certificate status, complex administrative procedures, and lack of legal socialization are some of the main problems found. Strengthening the role of the Flats Owners and Occupants Association (P3SRS), the use of digital technology for administrative procedures, and increased supervision and law enforcement were identified as solutions to overcome these obstacles. The suggestions provided include increased coordination between related agencies, active community participation in the management of flats, and simplification of administrative procedures by the government. More effective implementation is expected to provide better legal certainty and create a harmonious residential environment in Kampung Utama Batam City.

The church plays a crucial role in spreading Christian values and nurturing the growth of faith within its community. However, in the context of GPSI EFATA, there are several challenges in effectively conveying church information. These challenges include the unappealing presentation of physical congregation news, the accumulation of paper, and limited distribution of information. In order to address these issues, this research project utilizes the Design Thinking method to develop a smartphone-based application for congregational news. The Design Thinking method consists of five stages: empathy, definition, ideation, prototype, and testing. During the empathy stage, the needs of the congregation are identified, particularly the need for more accessible and engaging information. The ideation stage then generates a solution in the form of a smartphone application. This application includes various features such as notifications, prayer schedules, financial reports, photo galleries, and management profiles. A prototype of the application was developed to meet these needs and was subsequently tested using a questionnaire. The results of the testing indicated that the application had an easy-to-understand interface, adequate features, and received suggestions for improvement. Overall, this smartphone application offers a modern and efficient solution to the challenges of delivering information within churches. It enhances accessibility and improves the quality of communication with the congregation.
                                      
 

The background for choosing the title above is because Enhanced Spelling (EYD) cannot be simply ignored in scientific writing. In other words, the use of punctuation plays an important role in making scientific written language effective for readers. The problem that will be analyzed in this research is how errors are made by writers of capital letters and punctuation in descriptive essays by fourth grade students at SD N I Demakijo? What are the forms of spelling errors in descriptive essays for fourth grade students at SD N I Demakijo.The aim to be achieved is to find out errors in writing capital letters and punctuation in descriptive essays for fourth grade students at SD Negeri I DemakIjo, to describe the forms of spelling errors in descriptive essays for fourth grade students at SD Negeri I DemakIjo.The method used in this research is qualitative method.The research variables are forms of punctuation and spelling errors in the essays of class IV students at SD N I Demakijo. The data in this research consist of errors in the use of punctuation marks in students' essays which are the object of research. The data source in this research is the sample. The research determined the data source in this research, namely student essays made by class IV students at SD Negeri I Demakijo. The data collection technique in this research uses reading and note-taking techniques. Data analysis uses qualitative descriptive analysis. From the results of the analysis, it was found that types of language errors included a) errors in writing full stops, b) errors in writing commas, c) errors in writing hyphens, d) errors in capital letters. A form of spelling error is an error in using a period which is caused by the writer not including a period at the end of the sentence. The second form of error, namely errors in using commas, is caused by several factors, for example, in a detail or number, commas are not found between the elements. The third form of error is the use of hyphens because they were not included in the student's essay. The last form of error is a capital letter error which is caused by the writer not using a capital letter to start a sentence.
 
 

This study aims to analyze juridically the use of the company's shares as an object of fiduciary guarantee in Batam City. The background of this research is rooted in the need for a deep understanding of the effectiveness and security of the company's shares used as fiduciary guarantees, as well as their influence on legal certainty and local economic stability. In Indonesia, the use of shares as fiduciary guarantees is regulated by Law Number 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantees and Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies, but the implementation of this law in the field often encounters various obstacles, especially in Batam City which is a strategic business center. This study uses a qualitative method with a document study approach, in- depth interviews, and field observations to collect data. The subject of this study involves notaries, fiduciary guarantee registration officials, investors, and business actors in Batam. The results of the study show that there are several significant obstacles in the implementation of the use of shares as an object of fiduciary guarantee, which include procedural complexity, variations in notary practices, and limited administrative infrastructure. Despite this, stocks are still a trusted and used instrument because of their liquidity and economic value. Based on these findings, suggestions include expanding education and training for notaries to improve understanding and thoroughness in the fiduciary guarantee administration process. The Batam City Government is advised to update and simplify related regulations to support efficiency and legal certainty. In addition, investments in information technology are needed to modernize the registration and document handling processes, which can increase the transparency and speed of the fiduciary assurance process.

The handling of the crime of sexual intercourse and molestation of minors is a crucial issue that requires serious attention from various parties. The background of this study is the high rate of sexual violence against minors in the Barelang Police area and the need to evaluate the implementation of victim protection in this context. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implications of victim protection in handling the crime of sexual intercourse and molestation of minors in the Barelang Police, as well as to identify obstacles and efforts made to improve this protection. The research method used is normative juridical through library research using secondary data, and also uses an empirical juridical approach through field research using primary data collected through interviews with law enforcement officials, psychologists, victims, and victims' families. Secondary data was obtained from official documents of the Barelang Police, case reports, and related literature. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative descriptive methods to provide a comprehensive picture of the condition of victim protection and its implications. The results of the study show that although there are serious efforts by the Barelang Police in providing protection to victims, there are several significant obstacles that reduce the effectiveness of these protections. The main obstacles include a lack of adequate psychological assistance, lengthy and convoluted legal processes, a lack of public awareness, and ineffective coordination between related institutions. The implications of these barriers include prolonged psychological suffering for victims, a decline in public trust in the justice system, and a lack of justice for victims. Suggestions given to overcome these obstacles include: capacity building and training of law enforcement officials, education and awareness campaigns in the community, and strengthening victim protection systems and facilities by the government. It is hoped that with the implementation of these suggestions, victim protection can be improved, so that justice and welfare for children victims of sexual violence can be realized more optimally.