This article discusses political leadership with a focus on the meaning of political leadership, legitimacy, structure and function of political leadership and also political leadership succession in democratic countries. The research method uses literature study or literature review. And also in collecting data, we used the Library Research method in the form of (books) and Internet Searching in the form of articles relevant to the theme created as reference material for writers. Furthermore, the aim of writing is to explain the concept of political leadership comprehensively. By referring to political leadership theories, and also providing a better understanding of the phenomenon of political leadership. Even though there are limitations in references and knowledge, the author hopes for constructive feedback and suggestions from readers to improve quality. So the author hopes to provide benefits for readers in understanding more about political leadership and also our reflections if we want to become leaders in the future.

Pembelajaran menggunakan model ADDIE dan ASSURE dalam pengembangan media pembelajaran cukup banya diminati karena dinilai optimal dalam pelaksanaannya. Dua model desain instruksional ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) dan ASSURE (Analyze Learners, State Objectives, Select Methods, Media, and Materials, Utilize Media, and Materials, Require Learner Participation, Evaluate, and Revise) adalah dua desain yang paling umum digunakan. Kedua model tahapan ini menawarkan kerangka susunan kerja yang komprehensif dalam merancang, mengembangkan, dan mengevaluasi pembelajaran yang dapat  efektif. Penggunaan model ADDIE dan ASSURE dapat membantu pendidik dan perancang pembelajaran dalam mewujudkan pengalaman pembelajar yang bermakna dan cocok dengan kebutuhan peserta didik. Pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Metode penelitian kepustakaan, atau penelitian kepustakaan, digunakan untuk mengumpulkan informasi dari buku dan jurnal yang tersedia di internet dan mendeskripsikannya dalam artikel peneliti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana model ADDIE dan ASSURE dapat digunakan dalam pembuatan media pembelajaran.

Developing accounting theory is very important in making financial reports. Accounting theory is an arrangement of concepts, definitions and propositions that presents a systematic picture of accounting phenomena, as well as explaining the relationships between variables in the accounting structure. This research uses qualitative research methods. The data collection technique uses secondary data which is carried out by literature review and literature study. The results of this study state that the benefits of public sector accounting are indeed very important in preparing financial reports with standard account classifications, recording and journaling procedures that are in accordance with the business circulation of public sector organizations including interpretation, treasury and accounting reports. The standards belonging to public sector financial accounting have been created and developed accordingly according to internationally accepted standards to achieve stable and comparable accounting functionality for all countries or jurisdictions.
 
 

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the "English for Specific Purposes for Meetings" textbook authored by Kenneth Thompson, published by OXFORD University Press, through a descriptive analysis method. Drawing on Tomlinson's theoretical criteria, the evaluation highlights the textbook's alignment with learner needs and its efficacy in fostering engagement and confidence in professional communication settings. Findings indicate that the textbook effectively integrates contemporary topics and diverse learning activities to support authentic language use and active learning. However, a notable area for improvement is the need for outcome feedback opportunities. Overall, while the "English for Meetings" textbook demonstrates substantial effectiveness in addressing learner needs within professional contexts, areas for enhancement exist, suggesting avenues for future research to inform improved language teaching practices for ESP learners.
 

Tulisan ini menjelaskan perspektif syariah terhadap pertukaran hadiah dengan undian. Pembahasan ini penting untuk diketahui berhubung banyaknya bersinggungan terhadap fenomena yang terjadi di masyarakat khususnya dalam memeriahkan suatu acara. Tulisan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi sumber yang digunakan untuk pertimbangan terhadap pelaksanaan pertukaran hadiah dengan undian. Dalam tulisan ini berisi penjelasan tentang uraian kejadian, status hukum dan dalilnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan adalah dengan metode penelitian perpustakaan serta pendekatan induktif dan analitis dengan menjelaskan uraian kejadian, kemudian menganalisa, dan setelah itu menyimpulkanya berdasarkan kajian literatur. Tulisan ini meyimpulkan bahwa: Pertama, Pemberian hadiah disertai dengan niat agar ada terjadinya timbal balik suatu saat merupakan suatu kebolehan. Kedua Bertukar hadiah dengan undian diperbolehkan dengan syarat hadiahnya jelas dan sudah ditetapkan harganya. Ketiga, Bertukar hadiah dengan cara mengundi siapa yang mendapat hadiah terbaik dan siapa yang mendapat hadiah terburuk termasuk dalam kategori perjudian apabila disertai dengan adanya kewajiban membayar bagi peserta.

Sebuah game dikembangkan dengan melibatkan banyak asset, salah satunya pemanfaatan audio dalam pengembangan game. Pembuatan efek suara dalam sebuah game dilakukan dengan merekamnya secara terpisah dengan proses pengembangan game, hal ini dapat memakan waktu dan sangat tidak efisien untuk diselesaikan. Oleh karena itu, pembuatan efek suara dinamis diperlukan untuk mempersingkat waktu produksi dan menyelesaikan game lebih cepat. Dengan mengkombinasikan audio dengan pemrograman memungkinkan penyajian audio dalam sebuah game dapat disajikan secara dinamis, hal ini dikarenakan dengan algoritma pemrograman audio dapat dikontrol berdasarakan waktu, kejadian dan prilaku tertentu dalam sebuah game. Hasil dari Analisis perform memory browser dalam menjalankan file notasi suara mupun kode frekuensi notasi suara adalah jika dilihat perbadingan rata-rata browser google chorme pada saat penggunaan array memiliki rata-rata 405,92 kb untuk browser google chorme, hal ini menujukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang sanyat besar terhadap penggunaan memory array dalam menjalankan file dan frekuensi. Penggunaan file audio menunjukkan bahwa dalam file load audio membutuhkan memory array yang cukup besar, sedangkan dalam penggunaan frekuensi audio menunjukkan bawah frekuensi load audio tidak membutuhkan memory array yang tidak begitu besar

Challenges in establishing customary forests in Indonesia are caused by complicated bureaucracy, lack of synchronization between central and local bureaucracy, and the politics of citizen struggle using the identity of indigenous peoples. In the face of changes to Areal Penggunaan Lain (APL), there needs to be a careful approach and close collaboration between the local government, the central government, and indigenous peoples to achieve a balance between economic development, environmental preservation, and the rights of indigenous peoples. The research specification used in this research is descriptive analytical, which seeks to describe or describe events and events without conducting hypotheses and statistical calculations. Also normative juridical, namely research based on Ministerial regulations, books, and decrees of the Regent of North Tapanuli. The central and local governments have taken significant steps in recognizing and protecting the traditional and cultural rights of indigenous peoples. Changes in the Areal Penggunaan Lain (APL) can have serious impacts, requiring a cautious approach and close collaboration to maintain a balance between economic development, environmental preservation and the rights of indigenous peoples. Suggestions are made that local and central governments improve collaboration, concretely empower indigenous peoples, and integrate sustainable measures in policies to achieve a sustainable balance.

Telecommunications network planning is a crucial step in building an efficient and reliable communications infrastructure. In an era where connectivity is the backbone for various human activities, both on an individual and business scale, the importance of telecommunications network planning becomes increasingly apparent. In this abstract, we explain why telecommunications network planning is so important. First, careful planning ensures efficient use of resources, from frequency spectrum to hardware. Second, good planning can anticipate demand growth, ensuring that the network can grow in line with needs without sacrificing service quality. Furthermore, careful planning also considers security, privacy and reliability factors, which are crucial in a telecommunications environment that is constantly changing and vulnerable to threats. Thus, this abstract highlights the importance of telecommunications network planning in facing the challenges and opportunities in an increasingly connected world. With proper planning, telecommunications networks can become a strong backbone for social, economic and technological development.

The increase in automotive technology, especially cars, has caused the availability of fuel to decrease. This is because more and more fuel are needed by vehicles while the amount of fuel on earth is dwindling because petroleum is a non-renewable natural resource. Motorized vehicles must not only save fuel but also have good performance. The better the fuel quality, the better the combustion process so that the greater the power and torque produced. So there needs to be an ideal fuel mixture for good combustion of multi-cylinder gasoline engine performance. Several things can be done to improve engine performance and fuel economy ranging from creating fuel saving devices, changing engine construction, hybrid technology to finding alternative fuels. This research uses an experimental research method with a descriptive quantitative approach to determine the effect of using magnetic coils on fuel pipelines on engine performance. The results showed the largest increase in power value of 12.89% in the use of magnetic coil with a copper wire diameter of 0.40 mm using first fuel at 2500 rpm. While the largest increase in torque value of 70.60 Nm to 79.70 Nm on the use of magnetic coil with a copper diameter of 0.40 mm at 2500 rpm using first fuel.

As time goes by, existing technology continues to develop, one of which is network communication technology. LAN Computer Network or Local Area Network is a computer network consisting of several computers connected to each other in a relatively small area such as a building, campus or office. This research was conducted to see how a LAN network works to deliver data or information. This research is a type of descriptive research. The methods used in this research are literature study and simulation methods. The simulation is carried out using the Cisco network application. As a result, the Cisco application can project the working principles of a LAN network.