Mahar mitsil is a mahar that is not determined at the time of the marriage contract, but is adjusted to the value usually received by the wife's family. This study aims to examine the opinions of the imams of the madhhab regarding mahar mitsil not being a condition for kafa'ah. This study discusses how to apply mahar mitsil so that it does not become a condition for kafa'ah. The research method in this article is empirical juridical. By using an empirical juridical approach, this study examines theories, concepts, and the Quran and Hadith related to mahar mitsil. Mahar mitsil according to Imam Syafi'i and Imam Maliki is not a condition for kafa'ah. Kafa'ah here is more related to equality in terms of religion and lineage. While mahar mitsil according to Imam Hanafi is part of the conditions for kafa'ah. However, mahar is very important, although mahar does not become a barrier to the validity of the marriage contract if the conditions for marriage are met.

This article discusses the application of deductive and inductive methods in management, which are relevant in facing modern business challenges. Deductive methods, which move from general principles to specific cases, are used to confirm decisions based on established theories, whereas inductive methods, which move from specific observations to generalizations, allow the formation of new theories based on empirical data. These two methods have complementary advantages and disadvantages; deductive excels in efficiency and systematic logic, but is limited to initial premises, while inductive offers flexibility in understanding complex situations, although it risks producing less valid generalizations. The integration of deductive and inductive methods can provide a holistic approach, helping organizations make decisions that are evidence-based, adaptive, and relevant to specific contexts

This study examines positive law and Islamic law regarding patients' rights to access and confidentiality of medical records. Health is a crucial component of human life that requires special attention, both in terms of healthcare services and the protection of patients' rights. The right to access and confidentiality of medical records is one of the essential rights held by patients. Medical records encompass all of a patient's medical history, including diagnoses, treatments, and health conditions. Given the unique nature of this research subject, the method employed is a normative juridical descriptive analysis. This study adopts a comparative approach and focuses on primary legal materials, including theories, concepts, principles, and relevant legal regulations. It is recognized as a library research approach, which involves collecting data from literature, legislation, and book studies. According to Islamic law, strong confidentiality is required to uphold patients' rights to access their medical records. Although patients have the right to know what is recorded in their medical records, doctors and healthcare providers must ensure that this information is not used unethically or in violation of the patient's privacy. Among the universal humanitarian values is the right of patients to access their medical records and the protection of their confidentiality. Both Islamic law and positive law emphasize the importance of maintaining a balance between patients' rights to know their medical information and the obligation of healthcare providers to safeguard the confidentiality of that information. This principle aims to protect patients' rights, preserve their dignity, and build trust between patients and healthcare professionals

Local wisdom plays an important role in education, especially in shaping students' characters in accordance with the nation's cultural values. This study aims to examine the integration of local wisdom Sedekah Bumi in achieving the Pancasila Student Profile (P5) in elementary schools. Sedekah Bumi, as a local tradition rich in cultural values, can be an effective medium in shaping students' characters in accordance with Pancasila values. The research method used is literature study and qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The results of the study indicate that the integration of Sedekah Bumi in the elementary school curriculum can improve students' understanding of Pancasila values, such as mutual cooperation, social concern, and love for the environment. This implementation also supports the achievement of P5 which includes believing and being devoted to God Almighty, global diversity, mutual cooperation, independence, critical thinking, and creativity.

In An Organization, Employee Performance Is An Important Factor That Will Affect The Success Of The Organization. The Success Of The Organization Can Be Determined By How Effective And Productive Employees Are In Achieving Maximum Results. Therefore, Employees Are Often Required To Have And Master Abilities And Skills Where This Aims To Produce Satisfactory Performance, In Addition, Employees Who Have High Motivation Tend To Be Disciplined So That From High Motivation And Discipline Employees Can Complete Tasks Well So That The Results Obtained Will Be Maximized. In Assessing Employee Performance, An Employee Performance Evaluation Is Needed Which Aims To Measure How Far Employees Maximize Their Abilities And How Much Contribution Has Been Made, Where Employees Who Have Maximum Performance Tend To Do More Productive Things, Express Innovative Thoughts, And Prioritize Increasing Customer Satisfaction, And Increasing Organizational Profits.

Genocide is one of the most serious crimes in international law, regulated by various legal instruments such as the 1948 Genocide Convention and the 1998 Rome Statute. This crime involves the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a group based on race, ethnicity, religion, or nationality. This study aims to analyze the role of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in enforcing genocide law and identify the obstacles in applying individual criminal responsibility. Additionally, mechanisms for resolving genocide disputes through peaceful and legal means in international law are discussed. The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method, analyzing international legal documents and case studies. The results show that although the ICC has jurisdiction to try genocide cases, law enforcement processes often face political challenges, particularly the UN Security Council veto power and state sovereignty. In conclusion, international efforts to address genocide require stronger cross-country cooperation and enhanced legal mechanisms to overcome political and diplomatic challenges.

The socio-cultural approach is a crucial aspect of creating inclusive and relevant guidance and counseling services, particularly at SMAN 7 Tasikmalaya, which has a diverse student background. This study aims to understand how socio-cultural values are integrated into the counseling process to help students address various issues, such as adaptation difficulties, social gaps, and interpersonal conflicts. Using a qualitative research method with a case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations of counseling activities, and document analysis. The results indicate that implementing strategies such as classical guidance, home visits, and community-based approaches effectively strengthens the relationship between counselors and students and enhances students' skills in dealing with differences. Additionally, the integration of local culture into counseling programs positively impacts fostering mutual understanding among students. The implications of this study highlight the need for counselor training to better comprehend students' socio-cultural contexts, enabling counseling services to be designed according to their needs and conditions. This research contributes significantly to developing guidance models that respect socio-cultural diversity in educational settings.

Demand and supply are fundamental concepts in microeconomics that influence market decisions. This article aims to explore the application of mathematical models in explaining the interaction between demand and supply in the market for goods and services. Through an economic mathematics approach, we analyze the demand and supply functions, as well as the application of market equilibrium using calculus techniques and function analysis. The proposed mathematical model focuses on how price and quantity are determined in competitive markets, along with the impact of external factors such as consumer income, related goods prices, and production costs. This study also examines applications in economic policy-making to balance the market.

A phrase combines words with one function, and its use is essential in language. Many phrases were discovered in various media, one of which is in the historical text of Borobudur Temple, published in the World History Encyclopedia. This research aims to discover the category or grouping of phrases in historical texts, especially adjectival phrases and prepositional phrases. The method in this research is descriptive qualitative with a qualitative approach that produces descriptive data in the form of written words. The research results show that there are eight adjectival phrases and fifteen prepositional phrases in the historical texts studied. “Very close” is one of the adjectival phrases found in the historical text, while “Toward the northwest” is one of the prepositional phrases in historical text. This research aims to understand the use of adjectival phrases and prepositional phrases in a sentence to make effective sentences.

This research analyzes active and passive sentences in the education rubric on the kompas.com website in September 2024. This research aims to describe active and passive sentences based on type, structure, and characteristics in online news text. The method used in this study is a theoretical and methodological approach. The theoretical approach is in the form of syntax, while the methodological approach is in the form of qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques of observing and recording. The data collected comes from primary and secondary data through literature studies. The use of qualitative descriptive methods is intended to analyze active and passive sentences in the education rubric on the kompas.com website. The data analysis technique is the agih technique with formal and informal presentations. The results of this study are the discovery of the use of active and passive sentences in news texts with an education theme on the kompas.com website. The research results are detailed by classifying active and passive sentences and describing their structure and type. The benefits of conducting this research are increasing insight and knowledge regarding active and passive sentences and their types, structures, and characteristics in their use in online news texts.