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Mathematics is one of the main skills taught from elementary school to college, playing a role in developing critical and logical thinking patterns of students. However, many elementary school students have difficulty understanding mathematical concepts, especially spatial figures, due to the lack of supporting learning media. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of using Trimatra (three-dimensional) media in mathematics learning in elementary schools. Trimatra media, such as three-dimensional models of spatial figures, allows students to visualize and understand the characteristics and relationships between spatial figures in a concrete manner. The results of the literature study show that Trimatra media not only increases students' knowledge of mathematical concepts, but also motivates students to be actively involved in learning, increases critical thinking skills, and overall learning outcomes.  

Aqidah Akhlak through a literature review that focuses on lecture and discussion methods. In learning Aqidah Akhlak, choosing the right method is the key to success in delivering material and shaping students' character. The lecture method is effective for delivering basic information systematically, while the discussion method emphasizes more on active student involvement and the development of critical thinking skills. This article reviews various scientific literature to analyze the advantages, disadvantages, and relevance of both methods in learning Aqidah Akhlak. The results of the study indicate that the use of both methods in an integrated manner can provide more optimal results, with lectures as an introduction and discussions as a deepening of the material. These findings provide a theoretical perspective for educators in designing effective learning strategies.

Social media has become an integral part of students’ lives and is increasingly being used as a means of interactive learning. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of social media use in supporting students’ learning process, by highlighting the benefits, challenges, and solutions that can be applied. The research method used is a qualitative approach with case studies, in-depth interviews, and thematic analysis. The results of the study indicate that social media provides flexibility in accessing learning materials, increases academic engagement, and facilitates discussion and collaboration between students and lecturers. However, there are several challenges, such as distraction, unguaranteed validity of information, lack of structure in learning, and gaps in access to technology. To overcome these challenges, strategies are needed such as good time management, increasing digital literacy, active roles of lecturers in directing learning, and institutional support in increasing access to technology. With the implementation of the right strategy, social media can be an effective tool in supporting interactive learning, improving students’ academic quality, and encouraging educational transformation in the digital era.    

The learning process can proceed well if aided by the presence of teaching aids.Because the teaching aid for the electrical system of the motorcycle rear brake light was not available, this teaching aid was created.The purpose of this research is to determine: (1) the method of creating a teaching aid for the rear motorcycle brake light system, (2) the feasibility level of the teaching aid for the rear motorcycle brake light system, and (3) the students' response to the teaching aid for the rear motorcycle brake light system.This research uses a development research approach, also known as Research and Development (R&D). The Research and Development (R&D) method is a research method used to produce a specific product and test its effectiveness. This research will be conducted at SMK Negeri 1 Nisam. The implementation will be carried out in the even semester of the 2024/2025 academic year. This research and development uses 3 methods in data collection. The methods used are observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive analysis, which presents the results of product development in the form of learning media, testing the validity and suitability of the product for implementation in the electrical system of motorcycle rear brake lights.The results of the research on the development of teaching media props, which have gone through several stages such as potential issues, data collection, product design, product validation, design revision, product testing, until it became a teaching media prop for the electrical system of the motorcycle brake light. The results obtained from the material expert validation were 91.31% by validator 1 and 95.13% by validator 2. The media expert validation results were 97.91% by validator 1 and 97.91% by validator 2. The results of the students' responses to the teaching aids, after calculations, showed a total response score of 506 out of 572 overall. With a final score percentage of 88.46% and the qualification of the developed teaching aids' response being in the "Very Good" category.

This systematic review examines the effectiveness of antenatal classes in improving pregnant women's attitudes towards stunting prevention. The review analyzed 28 studies published between 2018 and 2023, focusing on developing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia. The methodology followed PRISMA guidelines, utilizing multiple academic databases. The analysis revealed that structured antenatal classes significantly improved maternal knowledge about stunting (68% increase in knowledge scores) and led to positive behavioral changes in nutritional practices. Regular attendance at comprehensive antenatal classes was associated with better pregnancy outcomes, with participants showing 75% higher rates of implementing recommended nutritional guidelines. Key success factors included regular class frequency, interactive teaching methods, cultural sensitivity, and strong community support. However, significant challenges were identified, including resource limitations, access barriers, and cultural resistance. The review highlighted successful adaptations such as hybrid learning models and community-based approaches. Recommendations include strengthening program design through evidence-based approaches, enhancing community engagement, developing sustainable funding mechanisms, and implementing robust monitoring systems. This review underscores the vital role of antenatal classes in stunting prevention while emphasizing the need for continued research to address existing challenges and enhance program effectiveness across diverse settings.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of AI-powered tutoring systems in enhancing personalized English language learning among students in Colleges of Education in Lagos State, Nigeria. The primary objectives include assessing the impact of these systems on students' English proficiency and evaluating their perceptions of usability and effectiveness. Guided by four research questions, the study aims to provide insights into the integration of AI in educational contexts. Employing a survey research design, the study targeted a population of approximately 50,000 final-year students across several Colleges of Education. A sample of 400 students was selected using a combination of convenience and stratified random sampling techniques, ensuring representation from two institutions: the Federal College of Education (Technical) Akoka (FCET) and the Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education (AOCOED). A structured questionnaire with 30 items was developed and validated, achieving a reliability coefficient of 0.81. Data collection methods included both in-person and online approaches, yielding a response rate of 74.5% (298 completed questionnaires). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test for hypothesis testing. The findings revealed a significant difference in English language proficiency between students using AI tutoring systems and those using traditional methods, with the AI group reporting better outcomes. Additionally, students expressed mixed perceptions regarding the usability of AI systems. Major recommendations include enhancing AI system functionalities, providing comprehensive training for users, and addressing technological barriers to ensure effective implementation. This study underscores the potential of AI in education while highlighting the need for ongoing improvements and support mechanisms.

This study aims to analyse the effect of clinical supervision management by the Head of Madrasah on improving teacher performance at MTsS Tarbiyah Waladiyah Pulau Banyak. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with research subjects including the Head of Madrasah and teachers. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, then analysed systematically using triangulation techniques to ensure data validity. The results showed that: 1) Clinical supervision planning is conducted in a structured manner by involving analyses of teachers' needs and learning situations. The madrasah principal sets specific, realistic and measurable supervision objectives to support the improvement of teachers' abilities and the quality of learning. 2) Clinical supervision involves direct observation, practical guidance and evaluation of learning activities. This process not only focuses on classroom activities, but also includes planning, time management, and use of learning resources. 3) Evaluation of clinical supervision is conducted on an ongoing basis to ensure the relevance of the supervision programme to teachers' needs. This evaluation helps to develop corrective measures and assess the effectiveness of supervision in improving teachers' competencies. This research underlines the importance of systematic clinical supervision in creating positive changes in teaching and learning. Madrasah principals as supervisors have a central role in providing constructive guidance to support teachers' professionalism and improve the overall quality of education.

The use of standard Indonesian is one of the key aspects of the learning process, particularly in higher education settings, which involve interactions between lecturers and students. This article aims to examine the extent to which standard Indonesian is applied in academic communication during the learning process. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and document analysis. The findings reveal that the application of standard Indonesian by lecturers and students still faces several challenges, such as a lack of awareness about the importance of using standard language and the influence of informal or regional languages. However, the study also highlights that consistent use of standard Indonesian can enhance communication effectiveness, clarify the delivery of materials, and foster a more professional learning atmosphere. The article recommends training and socialization efforts on the use of standard Indonesian for lecturers and students to improve the quality of academic communication in higher education.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the problem-based learning model (PBL) in improving the understanding of fiqh material and its implementation in class XI students of MA Plus Anas Bin Malik Lekong Rembuk. The PBL model was chosen because it is considered capable of encouraging active student involvement and developing critical thinking skills through solving real problems that are relevant to everyday life. This study uses a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach which is implemented in two cycles, each consisting of the planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. Data collection techniques include tests, observations, and interviews. The results of the study showed a significant increase in the understanding of fiqh concepts and active participation of students during the learning process. Students became more enthusiastic, able to express opinions, and demonstrate the ability to apply fiqh values in everyday life. Thus, the PBL model has proven effective in improving the quality of fiqh learning in madrasas and can be used as an alternative innovative learning strategy to improve learning outcomes and student character simultaneously.

Microteaching is a simulation or training for prospective teachers to explore the ability of skills in teaching that combines the components of learning. The purpose of this study was to analyse the implementation of microteaching learning in terms of the use of various biology learning media with a touch of technology. The method used is descriptive quantitative with observation sheets and interviews. This research uses a squential explanatory design that combines quantitative and qualitative methods sequentially the first stage of collecting and analysing quantitative data followed by collecting and analysing qualitative data to help explain quantitative results. The results of the study regarding the pattern of using technology-based learning media showed that PowerPoint 92% and learning videos 78% were the most widely used media in microteaching practice. While the level of effectiveness of the media used varies. The 4.6% digital microscope showed a high level of effectiveness even though the frequency of use was still low. This indicates that high technology-based learning media has considerable potential in improving the quality of learning. Furthermore, the analysis of students' digital competence shows that 70% of students have good to very good mastery of technology. Furthermore, creativity in media development shows an even distribution while time management is still a challenge for 35% of students at a sufficient or insufficient level. The use of technology-based learning media in micro teaching has considerable potential, but still faces several challenges. A systematic and comprehensive approach is needed to optimise the use of technology in developing the teaching competence of prospective biology teachers.

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of project-based collaborative learning in improving the English speaking skills of high school students. Using a quasi-experimental design, this study involved 64 eleventh-grade students divided into an experimental group (n=32) using project-based collaborative learning methods and a control group (n=32) using conventional methods. Data were collected through pre-test and post-test speaking assessments, classroom observations, and interviews with students and teachers. The results showed that the experimental group experienced a significant improvement in English speaking skills compared to the control group (p<0.05) with a large effect size (d=0.87). Qualitative analysis revealed that project-based collaborative learning increased students' motivation, confidence, and critical thinking abilities. These findings indicate that the project-based collaborative learning approach can be an effective strategy for developing English speaking skills in the EFL (English as a Foreign Language) context.

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in personalized and adaptive learning environments has revolutionized the education sector by offering customized learning experiences tailored to individual student needs. This study explores the role of AI in enhancing adaptive learning through data-driven insights, intelligent tutoring systems, and real-time feedback mechanisms. By employing machine learning algorithms and natural language processing, AI-driven platforms can analyze student performance, predict learning patterns, and deliver personalized content. The study highlights the effectiveness of AI in addressing diverse learning styles, improving engagement, and optimizing educational outcomes. Furthermore, it discusses the implications of AI in fostering inclusive education and lifelong learning. The findings suggest that AI-powered learning environments significantly enhance student-centered education, promoting efficiency and accessibility.

This study aims to examine the role of academic guidance and counseling in helping SMA Negeri 1 Lembang students overcome mathematics learning difficulties. The research method used was descriptive qualitative, with the main data obtained through in-depth interviews with students. The results show that academic guidance can improve students' understanding of math learning strategies, although its effectiveness depends on the quality and frequency of guidance. In addition, counseling guidance is proven to help students manage learning stress, especially through a personalized and empathic approach. Individual guidance approaches are more effective in meeting the needs of students with specific learning styles, while group guidance encourages collaboration and self-confidence. Teachers play an important role in creating a supportive learning environment, although some students still face challenges due to cognitive constraints and low motivation. This study concludes that quality mentoring can improve students' confidence, concept understanding and academic performance.

This study aims to examine the application of artificial intelligence technology in the transformation of education management in Junior High Schools to improve learning effectiveness. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a case study design, which involves observation, in-depth interviews with principals, teachers, and students, as well as analysis of documents related to the implementation of artificial intelligence-based digital learning. The data obtained was analyzed using thematic analysis techniques to identify the challenges, opportunities, and impacts of artificial intelligence technology in learning in junior high schools. The results of the study show that the application of artificial intelligence can increase the effectiveness of learning, especially in terms of personalization of learning and management of student learning time. The contribution of this research provides insight into the importance of artificial intelligence technology-based education management in improving the quality of learning at the junior high school level.

Islamic Education in schools, particularly in fiqh materials, often faces challenges in terms of student engagement and understanding. Fiqh, which is often perceived as rigid and theoretical, requires a more engaging and applicable approach to make it easier for students to grasp the concepts being taught. This study aims to describe the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in Islamic Education at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Batu and to analyze the impact of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on students in Islamic Education learning. The PBL model was chosen due to its ability to enhance student understanding through problem-solving that is relevant to daily life. Using a case study method, this research collected data through observation, interviews, and documentation to assess the effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning model in improving student comprehension. The results indicate that the use of the Problem-Based Learning model can increase students' interest and understanding of Islamic Education, especially in fiqh materials, although there are some technical challenges in its implementation.

The Impact of Giving Appreciation on Learning Motivation Giving appreciation is an effective way to increase student learning motivation. Appreciation can be in the form of praise, awards, or recognition for the efforts and achievements achieved. When students receive appreciation, they tend to feel valued, motivated to learn better, and confident in developing their potential. Appreciation also has a positive impact on the learning atmosphere. Students who feel appreciated usually show higher involvement in the learning process, have a positive attitude towards learning, and are more persistent in facing challenges. Apart from that, giving appreciation can strengthen the relationship between educators and students, creating an environment that is supportive and conducive to learning. However, it is important for educators to give appreciation proportionally and sincerely. Excessive or inappropriate appreciation for student efforts can actually reduce their effectiveness. Therefore, appreciation must be given by considering students' efforts, processes and achievements objectively. Overall, giving appropriate appreciation can be an important strategy in building sustainable learning motivation and supporting students' academic and personal development.

The researcher conducted research at SMAN 1 Kecamatan Lareh Sago Halaban, sub-district, which was motivated by a learning process that still used learning resources that had not been adjusted to the feasibility of preparing these learning resources ptoperly the use of learning resourses that are less effective will of course hinder the smooth running of the learning process, the learning resourses used are based on student worksheets (LKPD) the fasibility of LKPD- based learning resources  will greatly assist students in carryng out the learning process, especially in learning  islamic religious education in class XI SMAN 1 Kecamatan Lareh Sago Halaban, this is because if the uses learning resources is adjusted to the fasibility of the preparation it will increases effectiveness in learning. The study aims to determine the effectiveness of the eligibility of studebt worksheets and the factors that challenge the fasibility of student worksheets learning resources in class XI SMAN 1 Kecamatan Lareh Sago Halaban. This type of research is desciptive quantitative. Data collection techniques with questionnaires, observasion  and interviews.

Children with intellectual disabilities have below-average intellectual abilities that can affect their cognitive and memory skills. These children require special learning strategies tailored to their needs. This study aims to review the literature on the impact of using interactive media in teaching children with intellectual disabilities, focusing on their motivation and learning outcomes. The study employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method, analyzing various sources that discuss the effectiveness of interactive media, such as visual, audio, audiovisual, and interactive tools, in enhancing motivation and understanding among children with intellectual disabilities. The findings indicate that the use of interactive learning media can make learning more concrete, engaging, and enjoyable, effectively increasing students' motivation and interest in learning. The application of interactive media, such as pictures, animations, and teaching aids, is also effective in improving cognitive skills and short-term memory, enabling children to recognize letters, numbers, and early reading skills.

The rapid advancement of technology in the digital era has emphasized the need for optimizing learning processes through digital media, particularly in elementary education. Despite the proven benefits of digital tools in enhancing student engagement and comprehension, many educators, including those at SDIT AUM, face challenges due to limited understanding and skills in utilizing such technologies. Specific issues include low proficiency in using digital platforms, minimal creativity in designing interactive learning materials, and inadequate adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based tools. Previous studies have highlighted the effectiveness of practical training programs in improving teachers' competencies in using digital media, emphasizing the importance of integrating theoretical knowledge, hands-on practice, and continuous evaluation. This community engagement program addressed these challenges through a structured approach, including training on digital platforms like Canva, Gamma, and Zoom, combined with direct practice and interactive discussions. The results revealed significant improvements, with educators demonstrating increased understanding of digital media (from 45% to 85%), enhanced skills in creating interactive materials (from 40% to 80%), and greater motivation to adopt AI-based tools (from 50% to 90%). These findings affirm the effectiveness of the program in empowering teachers to create innovative and engaging learning experiences, with the potential to serve as a replicable model for other schools striving to bridge the gap between traditional teaching methods and digital transformation.

This research explores the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on personalized learning in educational settings. As traditional teaching methods struggle to cater to the diverse needs of students, AI offers innovative solutions that can tailor educational experiences to individual learning styles, preferences, and paces. This study investigates the various applications of AI technologies, including intelligent tutoring systems, adaptive learning platforms, and data-driven insights, to enhance personalized learning outcomes. By employing a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative analysis of academic performance metrics with qualitative feedback from students and educators, the research aims to assess the effectiveness of AI-driven personalized learning initiatives. The findings reveal that AI not only improves student engagement and motivation but also facilitates differentiated instruction that addresses learning gaps and strengths. Additionally, the study identifies challenges such as data privacy concerns and the need for professional development for educators to effectively integrate AI solutions into their teaching practices. Ultimately, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on the role of AI in education, offering actionable recommendations for educators and policymakers to optimize personalized learning experiences for all students.