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The Inclusive Education Programme is an effort by the government in promoting education for students with special education needs especially in Malaysia. The implementation of the Inclusive Education Programme puts great pressure on mainstream teachers to prepare themselves to teach students with special educational needs. This study aims to identify the knowledge, skills and attitudes of trainee teachers towards the implementation of the Inclusive Education Programme in primary schools. The respondents were 59 trainee teachers who were pursuing study at the Institute of Teachers' Education Special Knowledge Campus. This survey study uses a quantitative approach through questionnaire instruments. The data obtained is analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for The Social Sciences) version 29 software. Researchers used the Theory of Constructivism and the Theory of Behaviorism in this study. The overall findings showed that the level of readiness of trainee teachers towards the implementation of inclusive education in primary schools in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes is at a satisfactory level (mean 3.25; sp=1.14). This study has had implications for policymakers, trainee teachers and college training institutes. Among the recommendations of researchers in increasing the level of readiness of trainee teachers for the implementation of inclusive education is that by increasing their knowledge, skills and self-attitude in implementing inclusive education, policymakers in education should further diversify the teacher's professional development program on inclusive education to trainee teachers such as courses, workshops and training programs and the trainee teachers themselves need to increase their self-sufficiency in implementing inclusive education in elementary school.

The purpose of this study was to determine how much students' attitudes toward financial management were influenced by their social surroundings, financial experience, and financial literacy. This kind of study uses a quantitative, explanatory methodology. The population is students of the Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences Sultan Fatah University Demak as many as 110 people. Because the entire population is used, the sampling method uses saturated samples. Information was gathered using an online survey and using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. Respondents' answers were measured using a Likert scale with SPSS version 25 tools. According to the study's findings, the dependent variable is significantly impacted by each independent component taken combined. Taken alone, financial management literacy is not influenced by the social environment, while financial management literacy is significantly influenced by financial experience and financial literacy.

The Christian Religious Education teacher plays a strategic role in shaping students' understanding of the importance of living in harmony and peace, despite different backgrounds. However, in practice, not all Christian Religious Education teachers are able to effectively integrate teachings about unity and solidarity. The role of Christian Religious Education  teachers in fostering a sense of national unity among Junior High School Tanah Sereal-Bogor students is crucial, especially in the context of Indonesia's diversity. This study aims to examine the strategic role of Christian Religious Education teachers based on guidelines derived from Romans 15:5-7. The research will use a qualitative approach, exploring the role of Christian Religious Education  teachers in fostering a sense of national unity among Junior High School Tanah Sereal-Bogor  students based on the teachings of Romans 15:5-7. The results show that the implementation of teachings from Romans 15:5-7 in the Christian Religious Education curriculum can have a significant impact on shaping students' characters to have attitudes of national unity and solidarity. Thus, Christian Religious Education teachers act as agents of change who can strengthen the sense of national unity through education based on Christian values.

This study aims to determine the extent of the integration of local wisdom in learning Islamic history at the Faculty of Islamic Studies Undaris. As we have known that one of the objectives of learning Islamic history is to help train intelligence and shape attitudes, character, and personality of students, because the content of Islamic history material contains local wisdom values. This study uses a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out through observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. Data analysis was carried out by giving meaning to the data that was successfully collected and from that meaning conclusions were drawn. The results of the study showed that the integration of local wisdom in learning Islamic history at FAI Undaris refers to the Curriculum which is then developed in the RPS and teaching materials based on local wisdom. In the RPS and teaching materials, the values ​​of local wisdom that are to be developed are stated. Islamic history lecturers also use tools in the form of applications of active learning strategies to further maximize the integration of local wisdom and the learning objectives of Islamic history itself.

This research aims to instill and strengthen the spirit of democracy and nationalism in every student. When they have the spirit of democracy and nationalism, their love for the nation and enthusiasm for fighting for this nation will be strong and great. One effort to instill a spirit of democracy and nationalism in the next generation is by learning Pancasila and citizenship education. The type of method used in this article is a literature review. The writing of this literature review adopts national articles published on various journal provider platforms on a national scale which discuss the importance of increasing democratic values ​​and nationalism in students through learning Pancasila and citizenship education. The results of the research show that increasing democratic values ​​and nationalism in students through learning Pancasila and citizenship education shows a positive direction. This means that students who have received Pancasila and citizenship education material have experienced a good improvement in their democratic attitudes and nationalist feelings. This learning is implemented in Indonesia with the aim of forming students into individuals who have strong character and are based on the values ​​of Pancasila, who have faith and devotion to God Almighty, have global diversity, mutual cooperation, independence, critical reasoning and creativity. Apart from that, through Pancasila and citizenship education we are present to provide in-depth understanding from teachers about the essence of Pancasila and the urgency of citizenship education.

This study aims to analyze the role of Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) learning in increasing students' legal awareness at SMPN 2 Mapakasunggu. The approach used was qualitative withHowever, this understanding is not fully reflected in students' daily behavior. Various violations of school rules are still found, such as tardiness, non-compliance with dress codes, and lack of discipline. This indicates that students' legal awareness is still at the cognitive stage and has not been optimally internalized in their attitudes and actions. Factors influencing this condition include learning methods that still find various violations of school rules, such as tardiness, non-compliance with dress codes, and lack of discipline. This indicates that students' legal awareness is still at the cognitive stage and has not been optimally internalized in their attitudes and actions. Factors influencing this condition include learning methods that are still predominantly theoretical, a lack of habituation activities and direct practice, and the influence of the school environment and students' social circles. Therefore, PPKn learning needs to be developed with a more contextual, participatory, and character-oriented approach to continuously improve students' legal awareness.  

Multicultural education in Indonesia is an important approach to creating an inclusive and harmonious society, considering the ethnic, cultural, and religious diversity that exists in the country. This research aims to explore the dynamics of multicultural education, the challenges faced in its implementation, and provide recommendations for educational policies and practices. The method used is library research, with thematic analysis of various relevant literature. Key findings suggest that while multicultural education has great potential to build tolerance and mutual understanding, its implementation is still hampered by a lack of understanding among educators and limited resources. Concrete examples of multicultural educational practices in some schools show that with the right approach, this education can have a positive impact on student attitudes. The resulting recommendations include improved training for teachers, curriculum revision, and collaboration with the community. The study also identified the need for further studies to explore the long-term impact of multicultural education and its comparison with practices in other countries. By overcoming the existing challenges, it is hoped that multicultural education can be implemented more widely and have a positive impact on future generations in Indonesia.

The code of ethics for Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers plays an important role in increasing teacher professionalism in Indonesia. In the educational context, professionalism does not only include teaching skills, but also the moral and ethical attitudes that must be applied in carrying out their duties. Codes of ethics provide guidelines for teachers to act in accordance with established standards, which include responsibilities towards students, society and educational institutions. This research aims to analyze how the application of a code of ethics in the practice of Christian religious education can contribute to the development of teacher professionalism, as well as its impact on the quality of learning and the formation of student character. Based on a literature review, it was found that consistent application of a code of ethics helps teachers to maintain their integrity, improve relationships with students, and set a good example in everyday life. Therefore, increasing understanding and implementing a good code of ethics is very necessary to realize quality education that is beneficial for students' spiritual and moral development.

Writing is communication that is used to express ideas or concepts in written form. When writing, you need the ability to express thoughts, concepts and experiences to make writing easier. However, after observations were made in class VII C regarding writing, namely writing response texts, it turned out that there were still many students who were lazy, lacked enthusiasm, had difficulty expressing ideas, liked playing games, and were less interested in writing response texts. Therefore, action is needed to improve students' writing skills. The aim of this research is to describe the improvement in skills in writing descriptive response texts through flowing sentence techniques with image media in class VII C students at SMP Negeri 3 Madiun. The learning process is carried out through two cycles, namely cycle I and cycle II. The results of this study showed that the class average score on the pre-cycle knowledge test was 63.47. In cycle I there was an increase of 78 or in the quite good category and in cycle II there was another increase of 84 or in the good category. The increase in writing descriptive response texts was also followed by changes in students' learning attitudes towards a better direction during the learning process of writing descriptive response texts using flowing sentence techniques using image media.

This study aims to analyze the role of study tour activities to the Heroes Museum in strengthening students' national defense attitudes. In the digital era, many young generations lack awareness of national values ​​and the history of the nation's struggle. This is indicated by the low appreciation of the services of the heroes. The Heroes Museum as a historical education space has strategic potential in instilling patriotic values ​​through direct experience. Using the literature study method, this study collected data from books and scientific articles. The results show that experience-based activities, such as museum visits, are effective in increasing students' understanding of history, heroic values, and nationalism. In addition, museum visits can build students' character, such as a sense of responsibility, discipline, and love for the country. This study concludes that a study tour to the Heroes Museum not only enriches students' historical insights, but also instills moral values ​​and builds national identity in depth.

Youth involvement in deviant behavior, including violence and bullying, is a major problem in education in Indonesia, particularly in SMN 2 Tarutung. The purpose of this study was to determine the different types of juvenile delinquency and analyze the components that contribute to these behaviors. Data were collected through observations, surveys and in-depth interviews with students and teachers using a qualitative approach with a case study design. The results showed that juvenile delinquency includes serious behaviors such as substance abuse and promiscuity to minor discipline violations. Negative interactions with peers, an unsupportive family environment, and students' disengaged attitudes with school are some of the influential factors. The impact of this delinquency creates an unfavorable environment for learning.

Posyandu Balita in Kendal Paiton Hamlet has a strategic role in improving the health of pregnant women and early childhood, amidst the problem of malnutrition that is often experienced by pregnant women, especially in developing countries. Malnutrition, including chronic energy deficiency (CED), is at risk of increasing long-term health problems such as stunting which affects the quality of Human Resources (HR) in the future. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Student Creativity Program (PKM) activities in increasing the knowledge and awareness of pregnant women in Kendal Paiton Hamlet regarding the importance of fulfilling nutrition during pregnancy and its impact on preventing stunting. This study used a method used to provide socialization and training in understanding applications about children using a pretest-posttest to measure changes in respondents' knowledge and attitudes before and after participating in PKM activities. The pretest results showed that pregnant women's knowledge about nutrition and stunting was relatively low, with an average score of 45%. After participating in PKM activities, in the posttest, the average score increased to 75%, indicating a significant increase in pregnant women's understanding of the importance of balanced nutrition to prevent stunting. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the PKM activity has succeeded in increasing the knowledge and awareness of pregnant women in Kendal Paiton Hamlet regarding nutrition and stunting problems, which are expected to have a positive impact on maternal and child health in the future.

Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning is not only aimed at improving students' knowledge, but also forming Islamic attitudes and behaviors according to religious values. This study aims to develop authentic assessments integrated into cooperative learning models in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subjects in Elementary Schools by focusing on the material of Surah Al Alaq. Authentic assessments are used to assess students' cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects more comprehensively in a real-world context. This assessment is designed to improve students' understanding of Surah Al Alaq, which includes the content, values ​​of faith and knowledge, and the spirit of learning as contained in Surah Al Alaq. The research method used is a case study with a qualitative approach. The results of the study indicate that the use of authentic assessments in cooperative learning increases student participation, understanding of Islamic values, and cooperation skills. This study provides recommendations for educators to implement authentic assessment as an integral part of cooperative learning, especially in Al-Quran materials such as Surah Al-Alaq to create more meaningful learning in Islamic Religious Education subjects

Drug abuse is a significant public health issue in Indonesia, especially in rural areas such as Mandangin Island Village, Sampang Regency. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of a legal education program as a preventive measure for drug abuse at MI Miftahul Ulum. The six-month program involved lectures, interactive discussions, and legal case simulations. The research methodology included data collection through questionnaires, interviews, and observations to assess improvements in students' knowledge and attitudes towards drugs. The results showed that there was a significant increase in students' knowledge regarding the legal aspects of drug abuse, with the average score increasing by 30% after attending the program. Participant responses showed high enthusiasm and a better understanding of the legal consequences. However, challenges such as limited time and resources need to be addressed to improve the effectiveness of the program. Recommendations for improvement include expanding time and resource allocation and integrating the program with other prevention efforts. The program is expected to serve as a model for the implementation of legal education in other educational settings to increase drug awareness and prevention more broadly.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Islamic Education curriculum in shaping students' characters at Integrated Islamic Schools (SIT). The main focus of this study is on a holistic approach involving academic, extracurricular, and school environment aspects. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, and data were collected through in-depth interviews and participatory observations. The results of the study indicate that the integration of Islamic values ​​in the curriculum, such as honesty, responsibility, and caring, has succeeded in shaping students' characters. Excellent programs such as recitation & tahfizh of the Qur'an and Islamic character development play an important role in shaping students' attitudes and behaviors. The role of teachers as role models and family support also greatly influence the success of character education. Continuous evaluation provides insight into the strengths and weaknesses of the curriculum, as well as improvements that need to be made. This study confirms that the Islamic Education curriculum at SIT is effective in shaping students' characters, which has a positive impact on their social behavior and academic achievement. These findings provide recommendations for the development of a more effective curriculum in facing the challenges of the times.

Drug abuse is a significant public health issue in Indonesia, especially in rural areas such as Mandangin Island Village, Sampang Regency. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of a legal education program as a preventive measure for drug abuse at MI Miftahul Ulum. The six-month program involved lectures, interactive discussions, and legal case simulations. The research methodology included data collection through questionnaires, interviews, and observations to assess improvements in students' knowledge and attitudes towards drugs. The results showed that there was a significant increase in students' knowledge regarding the legal aspects of drug abuse, with the average score increasing by 30% after attending the program. Participant responses showed high enthusiasm and a better understanding of the legal consequences. However, challenges such as limited time and resources need to be addressed to improve the effectiveness of the program. Recommendations for improvement include expanding time and resource allocation and integrating the program with other prevention efforts. The program is expected to serve as a model for the implementation of legal education in other educational settings to increase drug awareness and prevention more broadly.

Islam teaches that if there is an interest or need, it is recommended to spend wealth to donate. Infaq is an act of worship that is sunnah. Donation activities have two benefits, namely to meet the basic needs of the poor and help them to carry out good deeds.  Islam has taught its followers that they have an obligation to help each other, especially those who are weak (the Dhuafa), the poor, and those in need. The aim of this research is the implementation of Surah Al-Ma'un values ​​education in shaping the social character of students at SDN Grogol Selatan 09 South Jakarta. This research method uses descriptive curative with a field research approach. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and questionnaires. The population in this study was Islamic religious teachers and grade 5 and grade 6 students. The sample for this research was 30 people. Based on the research results, social interaction activities such as infaq activities carried out at SDN Grogol Selatan 09 can have an influence and impact on the social care character of students. With this habituation, students are able to develop values, attitudes and behavior that can radiate morals or character. The most important thing is that the key to changing the younger generation for the better is social character education, so that it can ensure that students have good character and personality in the future.

Background: Elementary school students have limited knowledge about healthy food, and the benefits of choosing healthy snacks. They do not understand the nutritional value of various types of food or the impact of consuming unhealthy snacks on their health. Students are often exposed to unhealthy snacks around them, such as fast food, snacks and sodas, and other less nutritious snacks.  Objective: This study aims to encourage changes in students' knowledge and consumption attitudes, namely replacing unhealthy snacks with healthy snacks that are beneficial to their health. Method: This study uses a pre-experimental method, with a One Group Pre Post Test design to measure students' initial abilities before and after participating in learning activities. The population of this study was all students of SDN 38 Bora, Palopo City in 2024, totaling 151 students. The sampling method used was the Cluster Random Sampling Technique as a sampling technique, because the population was quite large, and this sampling technique is often used in various studies in the health sector, 21 respondents were obtained. Results: The study showed that the average knowledge before and after was 5.90 while the average attitude before and after was 27.76, the knowledge value p value = 0.000 ≤ 0.05 then H0 was rejected using a 95% confidence level. While the attitude value p value = 0.001 <0.05. Conclusion: there is an influence of the use of Video Learning Media on knowledge and attitudes about healthy snacks for students of SDN 38 Bora, Palopo City.    

The learning of the Qur'an and Hadith plays an important role in shaping the character and morals of the younger generation, especially at the Elementary School level. The learning of the Qur'an and Hadith is expected to instill values of faith, diversity, as well as foster attitudes of tolerance and social concern among students. This study aims to describe the learning of Surah An-Nas using the drill method, the steps of its implementation, and its execution at SDN 1 Slaharwotan Ngimbang Lamongan. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design, involving Islamic Education teachers and students as research subjects. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that learning through the drill method is effective in improving students' ability to read and memorize the Qur'an, especially Surah An-Nas, with correct pronunciation (tartil) and fluency. The learning model is technology-based or a multimedia learning model, where teaching takes place using tools and media such as LCD projectors, active speakers, notebooks, and interactive learning CDs, demonstrating the application of technology to support the teaching and learning process, as well as increasing interactivity and effectiveness. The learning method uses repetition (drill), so it is hoped that the material being taught will be retained in students' memory. This study provides insights into the importance of teacher competence in developing teaching materials that suit the developmental needs of students, as well as the importance of adjusting teaching methods to the curriculum and the characteristics of children in Elementary Schools.

Education plays a vital role in shaping the character and quality of human resources, with teachers as key figures who serve as educators, mentors, and role models for students. One crucial factor that significantly impacts a teacher's success is the application of the professional code of ethics, which serves as a moral and professional guide in carrying out their duties. This code of ethics governs the attitudes, behaviors, and responsibilities of teachers toward students, the community, and colleagues. The implementation of the code of ethics not only ensures the integrity and professionalism of teachers but also influences the teacher-student relationship, ultimately fostering a conducive learning environment.The teacher's code of ethics functions as a moral guideline that regulates the behavior, attitudes, and responsibilities of teachers toward students, society, and fellow colleagues. The application of this code of ethics greatly impacts the relationship between teachers and students in the learning process. This study aims to analyze the application of the teacher's code of ethics and its effects on interactions that occur in the classroom. A qualitative approach was used in this research to explore the experiences and perspectives of both teachers and students regarding the implementation of the code of ethics in teaching. The results indicate that the application of the code of ethics strengthens the professional relationship between teachers and students, creates a fair, inclusive, and respectful learning environment. The teacher's code of ethics encourages teachers to act with fairness, maintain integrity, and uphold confidentiality, which positively affects the quality of learning. However, challenges in its implementation, such as balancing emotional closeness and professionalism and ensuring objectivity in assessment, must still be addressed. Overall, consistent implementation of the code of ethics can foster healthy, productive relationships and support the creation of a more effective and dignified learning process.