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This study analyzes the differences between the neoliberal and social democratic paradigms in poverty alleviation policies in Indonesia, by adding an Islamic Economic perspective as an alternative. The neoliberal paradigm focuses on free market mechanisms, deregulation, and minimizing the role of the state, but often exacerbates social inequality. In contrast, the social democratic paradigm balances the role of the market and state intervention through resource redistribution and protection of vulnerable groups through sustainable social programs. Islamic economics offers a complementary approach oriented towards the principles of distributive justice, balance, and solidarity, by integrating spiritual values ​​into socio-economic policies. A qualitative approach is used in this study, with policy analysis of programs such as the Family Hope Program (PKH) and the National Health Insurance (JKN). The results show that the social democratic paradigm is more effective in reducing poverty systemically than neoliberalism, especially through increasing access to education, health, and social protection. However, budget constraints, corruption, and infrastructure gaps remain significant challenges. The Islamic Economic perspective emphasizes the importance of zakat, waqf, and infaq as instruments of wealth redistribution that have the potential to strengthen inclusive and sustainable poverty alleviation policies. This study recommends strengthening the synergy between the paradigm of social democracy and the values ​​of Islamic Economics to create policies that are more effective, equitable, and oriented towards the welfare of society holistically.  

Teacher leadership is critical in shaping the educational environment and promoting positive change within schools. Teacher leadership fosters educational innovation and creates supportive learning environments. This study investigates the self-perceived leadership qualities of pre-service teachers, focusing on essential domains of teacher leadership, including self-awareness, leading change, communication, diversity, instructional proficiency, continuous improvement, and self-organization. Utilizing a structured survey instrument adopted and adapted from TLSA (Teacher Leadership Self-Assessment) by Katzenmeyer and Moller (2009). Data was gathered from a sample of teacher candidates to assess their competencies in these domains. The teacher candidates were the final-year Primary Teacher Education Program students at Esa Unggul University.  The findings indicate varying levels of readiness among the participants. The categorical analysis provides insights into specific areas where future teachers demonstrate potential and highlights domains where further development may be beneficial. This research contributes to the understanding of teacher leadership in the context of teacher preparation programs and underscores the importance of targeted support in nurturing well-rounded teacher leaders. Implications for curriculum adjustments and the integration of leadership training in teacher education programs are discussed.

This study examines the ef ectiveness of the Provincial Minimum Wage (UMP) and Regency/City Minimum Wage (UMR) policies in alleviating poverty in Indonesia, using an in-depth literature study approach. Indonesia, as the fourth most populous country in the world and the largest economy in Southeast Asia, faces major challenges in reducing income inequality and poverty, especially after the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The UMP and UMR policies are designed to provide a decent standard of living for workers, but their impacts vary widely across provinces and economic sectors. This study finds that while the minimum wage policy can provide benefits for formal sector workers, its ef ectiveness in reducing poverty in the informal sector is limited, given that around 60% of Indonesia's workforce works in the informal sector that is not covered by this policy. In addition, this policy also has the potential to cause economic dislocation in areas with significant income inequality. Economic sectors that rely on cheap labor, such as manufacturing and agriculture, are vulnerable to the negative impacts of this policy. This study suggests adjusting the minimum wage policy to be more flexible and based on local economic conditions to maximize the impact of poverty alleviation.

Hypertension is a disorder characterized by elevated blood pressure originating from abnormalities in blood vessels, leading to impaired delivery of oxygen and nutrients to essential body tissues. Family involvement in assisting relatives afflicted with hypertension constitutes a supportive mechanism to facilitate effective self-care management of the condition.This study aimed to investigate the correlation between familial support and self-care management in hypertensive patients at Tuminting Health Center. Cross-sectional methods. The study sample comprised 49 individuals selected by purposive sampling. A questionnaire was employed as the study instrument. The gathered data was analyzed with the SPSS 16.0 software employing the Chi Square statistical test at a significance level (α) of <0.05. The results indicated that the predominant age group was 56-65 years, including 27 respondents, which represents 55.1%. The majority of respondents were female, totaling 39 individuals, accounting for 79.6%. The most common educational attainment was high school, with 22 respondents, corresponding to 44.9%. The statistical test yielded a P value of 0.0001, which is less than the alpha value (α) of ≤0.05. This study concludes that a correlation exists between family support and self-care management in hypertension patients at Tuminting Health Center. The findings of this study are anticipated to serve as a resource for individuals with hypertension, emphasizing the importance of self-care management to prevent problems and facilitate recovery.

"Improvement of Short Story Writing Ability Through the Personal Experience of Class VIII Unismuh Junior High School Makassar". Thesis of Indonesian Language and Literature Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Makassar Muhammadiyah University.This type of research is a Class Action Research (Class Action Research) which aims to describe the improvement of short story writing skills through the personal experience of students of class Class VIII Unismuh Junior High School Makassar and describes the process of improving the ability to write short stories through the personal experience of the MA class Class VIII Unismuh Junior High School Makassar. The instruments used in data collection were tests, observation guidelines, interview guidelines, and the data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The data in this study are in the form of tesp there are 24 students and the results of observations in the learning process.The results showed that quantitatively there was an increase in the learning outcomes of short story writing through the personal experience of 24 students, namely on the pretest results, an average score of 56.63%. In the first cycle the average score of student learning outcomes was 68.13%, while the second cycle of student learning outcomes writing short stories through personal experience was 81.74%. In the first cycle, students who finished 9 students or 46.48% and categories of incomplete were 15 students or 53.52%. While in the second cycle category there were 21 students or 89.96% and the incomplete category were 3 people or 10.04% meaning that there was an increase of 13.61%.Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that the results of learning to write short stories through the personal experience of students of class XI MA Darul Istiqamah Maccopa Maros Regency can be improved through students' personal experiences.

This study aims to analyze students' conceptual mastery of hydrocarbon compounds. The method used in the study is descriptive qualitative. The study was conducted in the even semester of the 2023/2024 academic year. The subjects of this study were 59 students of class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Limboto. The data collection technique used a concept mastery test instrument in the form of multiple choices that had been tested for validity and reliability. The results showed that conceptual understanding. The percentage of students in Determining the molecular formula and structure of hydrocarbon compounds obtained a percentage of 78.53% with a good category, on the indicator Distinguishing types of reactions and physical regularity of 67.80% with a sufficient category, on the indicator determining the isomers of hydrocarbon compounds of 40.68% with a less category, on the indicator analyzing the type of C atom based on the number of C atoms bound to the carbon atom chain of 27.12% with a less category, on the indicator predicting the type of isomers of hydrocarbon compounds, namely 38.42% with a less category and on the indicator correcting the structural formula of hydrocarbon compounds, namely 63.84% with a sufficient category. Then the total average percentage value is 52.73% with the Less category.

Mathematics anxiety can reduce students' ability to understand and solve mathematical problems, thus affecting their overall attitude towards mathematics. Mathematics anxiety, a psychological factor that can affect students' learning achievement in mathematics learning in high school, makes it the most challenging subject in school. This study aimed to identify the effect of mathematics anxiety on students' learning achievement at the high school level and to analyze strategic factors that can help reduce mathematics anxiety for students. This study used a quantitative method with an ex post facto research type with a correlational design. The population was grade X high school students in South Tangerang, with a sample size of 84. The side technique used cluster random sampling. Data collection used an instrument in the form of a mathematics anxiety and learning achievement questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out through partial correlation and multiple correlation with a significance level of 0.05, and the prerequisite test analysis used normality, linearity, and multicollinearity tests. The results showed that mathematics anxiety influenced by self-efficacy factors, classroom climate, and academic support from parents and peers significantly affected students' learning achievement in high school. Schools can facilitate a more conducive learning environment to minimize mathematics anxiety and improve learning outcomes. Implementing a learning program that is psychologically responsive and adaptive to students' needs is expected to improve students' mathematics achievement significantly..  

The condition and situation of education after the Covid 19 Pandemic caused "Learning Loss" and "Learning Outcomes Loss". It takes a learning experience by providing students' reasoning insights and intellectual competence through a portfolio. The presence of educators with the ability to transform learning is needed as a learning conditioning for the ability of students' portfolios.  Quantitative research using a Likert scale questionnaire instrument constructed and developed from the teacher assessment system and David M. Johnson's portfolio. The population is 80 teachers and 80 students of grade VI elementary school in the Kebon Jeruk area, West Jakarta. The findings of the study provide information that the ability of students' portfolios can be constructed and optimized through learning transformation with three dimensions in the form of active participation and success of students, assessment and feedback on the progress of learning experiences and management of students and learning materials.

The Inclusive Education Programme is an effort by the government in promoting education for students with special education needs especially in Malaysia. The implementation of the Inclusive Education Programme puts great pressure on mainstream teachers to prepare themselves to teach students with special educational needs. This study aims to identify the knowledge, skills and attitudes of trainee teachers towards the implementation of the Inclusive Education Programme in primary schools. The respondents were 59 trainee teachers who were pursuing study at the Institute of Teachers' Education Special Knowledge Campus. This survey study uses a quantitative approach through questionnaire instruments. The data obtained is analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for The Social Sciences) version 29 software. Researchers used the Theory of Constructivism and the Theory of Behaviorism in this study. The overall findings showed that the level of readiness of trainee teachers towards the implementation of inclusive education in primary schools in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes is at a satisfactory level (mean 3.25; sp=1.14). This study has had implications for policymakers, trainee teachers and college training institutes. Among the recommendations of researchers in increasing the level of readiness of trainee teachers for the implementation of inclusive education is that by increasing their knowledge, skills and self-attitude in implementing inclusive education, policymakers in education should further diversify the teacher's professional development program on inclusive education to trainee teachers such as courses, workshops and training programs and the trainee teachers themselves need to increase their self-sufficiency in implementing inclusive education in elementary school.

Hypertension is difficult for sufferers to realize because it has no specific symptoms. Hypertension in the elderly is a problem that is often found in the elderly today. One of the life habits that contributes to hypertension includes smoking and work history as triggers for hypertension in the elderly. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between smoking behavior and work history with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly at the Internal Medicine Clinic, Graha Husada Hospital, Bandar Lampung. This type of quantitative research uses an analytical survey research design and a cross-sectional approach. The research was carried out in October 2024 at Graha Husada Hospital in Bandar Lampung. The population in this study was elderly people who suffered from hypertension with a sample size of 64 respondents. The sampling technique in this research used purposive sampling. The instruments used were questionnaires, blood pressure monitors and stethoscopes to measure blood pressure. Data analysis used the chi square test. The results of this study show that there is a relationship between smoking behavior with a p-value <0.001 (<0.05) and work history with a p-value <0.001 (<0.05) on the incidence of hypertension in the elderly. It is hoped that hospitals can provide reading media to increase patient awareness by socializing smoking behavior and reducing heavy work or doing friendly or light work so as not to trigger an increase in blood pressure.

Combined care is a care system where babies and mothers are treated in one unit. In its implementation, the baby must always be by the mother's side from birth until he returns home. The advantages of combined care are that it promotes the use of breast milk, emotional contact between mother and baby is established from an early age, mothers can learn to take care of babies and mothers can immediately report strange baby conditions they encounter. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between postpartum maternal knowledge and the benefits of combined care at Bhayangkara Hospital Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan. This research method uses a type of analytical descriptive research with data collection techniques using a cross sectional approach and the instrument used is a questionnaire. The population of this study is all postpartum mothers at Bhayangkara Hospital Banjarmasin with a sampling technique using accidental sampling, with a sample of 30 respondents. The results obtained from the bivariate analysis of the chisquare statistical test showed that the value of p = 0.000 > ? = 0.05. The results obtained were that most postpartum mothers had insufficient knowledge, namely 15 people (50%) with most of them having a high school education of 14 people (46.7%), and never carried out combined care as many as 19 people (63.3%). The conclusion shows that most postpartum mothers have less knowledge about the benefits of combined care at Bhayangkara Hospital Banjarmasin. This shows that a person's level of education also affects the level of mother's knowledge.

Islamic finance is a financial system based on sharia principles, such as the prohibition of usury, gharar, and maysir, which emphasizes justice, financial inclusion, and sustainability. This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic finance in the revitalization of developing countries' economies, focusing on instruments such as sukuk, zakat, waqf, and microfinance. Through the literature study method, this study shows that Islamic finance is able to support infrastructure development, community empowerment, and reduction of social inequality. This study analyzes the role of Islamic finance in the revitalization of developing countries' economies through instruments such as sukuk, zakat, waqf, and microfinance. The results of the study show that Islamic finance is effective in supporting infrastructure development, community empowerment, and reduction of social inequality in countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and Pakistan. However, its implementation still faces challenges, such as low Islamic financial literacy and limited regulations. The conclusion of the study confirms that Islamic finance has the potential to drive inclusive and sustainable economic growth if supported by increased literacy, regulatory harmonization, and expanded access to Islamic financial products.

This research aims to describe the implications of using Canva media in increasing students' interest in learning in class X in the subject of using Canva media in increasing the learning motivation of class This research uses a qualitative approach using the case study method, which provides descriptive data about the reality in the field using observation, interviews and documentation instruments. The research subjects were class X students at SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Jember. The object is the PAI teacher at SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Jember. The use of Visual Learning Media Based on the Canva Application makes children more active and enthusiastic in learning, because the appearance of Canva media is attractive, the images and colors are appropriate and attracts children's interest in learning which is supported by children's curiosity about this visual media is very high, so that children don't get bored of learning. So it can be concluded that the research results are expected to show that the use of Canva-based learning media can increase students' interest in learning. in PAI subjects."    

Islamic insurance is one of the Islamic financial instruments designed to provide financial protection based on sharia principles, such as mutual help (ta'awun) and risk-sharing. As a country with the largest Muslim population in the world, Indonesia has great potential to develop this industry. Over the past five years (2018-2022), the sharia insurance industry in Indonesia has shown consistent growth, reflected in an increase in gross contribution from IDR 12 trillion in 2018 to IDR 16 trillion in 2022. However, the market share of Islamic insurance remains small compared to conventional insurance, with key challenges including limited market scale, lack of product innovation, low public literacy in Islamic finance, and intense competition with conventional products. This article aims to analyze these challenges and formulate development strategies that can be implemented to strengthen the competitiveness of Islamic insurance in the global market. This research uses a qualitative approach based on secondary data analysis obtained from industry reports, scientific journals, and official publications. The results show that the main strategies for development include product innovation oriented to the needs of the global community, digitization of services to improve efficiency and accessibility, public education to increase Islamic financial literacy, strengthening regulations to create a conducive business environment, and strategic collaboration with international financial institutions to expand market networks.

Sundanese song pagerageungan is a traditional art originating from Tasikmalaya district. The xylophone accompaniment pattern in the Sundanese song art Pagerageungan plays a very important role in creating an atmosphere and strengthening the message contained in the song lyrics. The xylophone, as a traditional Sundanese instrument made from wooden blades, produces a distinctive sound and has a dual function as a rhythm regulator as well as adding melodic nuances to the song. The xylophone accompaniment pattern in this song is not only rhythmic, but also often has a melodic character that beautifies the song's strains. This gambang accompaniment pattern has 3 parts, namely merean, cacagan and geumbyang. The aims of this research are: (1) to find out the xylophone accompaniment pattern in the Sundanese pagerageungan song art (2) to find out the function of the xylophone accompaniment pattern in the Pagerageungan Sundanese song art. The method used in this research is qualitative with a descriptive analysis approach. The techniques used in this research are observation, interview and documentation techniques. The main instrument in this research is the research itself using tools in the form of field notes and recording tools in the form of cellphones.

This study aims to examine the influence of sexual stigma on suicidal ideation in early adult lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals aged 18-29 in Indonesia. Suicidal ideation is a global mental health issue frequently experienced by LGBT individuals due to discrimination and stigma. The study employed a quantitative survey design, involving 120 LGBT early adult participants selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments included an adapted version of the Sexual Stigma Scale to measure sexual stigma and the Adult Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (ASIQ) to measure suicidal ideation. Data analysis utilized linear regression to assess the influence of sexual stigma on suicidal ideation. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between sexual stigma and suicidal ideation, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.414 (moderate category) and a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.01). Sexual stigma contributed 17.1% to suicidal ideation, indicating a significant influence while acknowledging the presence of other influencing factors. These findings emphasize that higher sexual stigma is associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation in LGBT individuals..    

subject.Critical thinking skills of students in PAK subject. Discussion method is a method that teachers use with students to carry out a learning process through how teachers and students or students with each other exchange ideas. Through how teachers and students or students with each other exchange opinions and have their own arguments to achieve learning goals. Opinions and have their own arguments to achieve the specified learning objectives. That have been determined. This discussion method is also very instrumental to the students, where students can develop students' critical thinking skills. The students. This research uses a qualitative approach with method (library research). Study literature study is a method used to collect data that is in accordance with what will be researched through a collection of journals, apparatus, books, or other publications that can be used as a source of research, by describing and describing the data. Research, by describing and describing data based on the opinions of experts. Experts' opinions. Research with this library study will summarize information needed so that the problem or topic presented can be understood comprehensively. Presented can be understood comprehensively about the role of the discussion method in developing students' critical thinking skills in PAK subjects. The benefits of The benefit of this research is to add insight to the readers regarding the the importance of the role of discussion methods in developing students' critical thinking skills in students in PAK subject.

Community service activities aim to increase understanding and knowledge about digital or non-cash payment systems. This service was carried out at the MSMEs of the "Bu Yani" Grocery Store located in Karanglo, Argomulyo, Sedayu District, Bantul Regency and the MSMEs of the "Bu Ratmi" Grocery Store located in Balong, Kaligintung, Temon District, Kulon Progo Regency. The stages used in service activities are 1. Observation, 2. Presentation, 3. Training and Mentoring, 4. Evaluation. The result of this service activity is that MSME actors already understand QRIS and its benefits as an effective means of payment transactions, and the two grocery store MSMEs already have a new payment instrument with non-cash payments.

The Qur'an is the word of Allah Swt which was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad Saw through the intermediary of the angel Gabriel which was conveyed to his people mutawatir and reading it is worth worship. Learning the Qur'an must be continuous throughout life, including among adults and the elderly. To learn the Qur'an for adults and the elderly, there needs to be high motivation in order to have a high enthusiasm for learning the Qur'an. This study aims to determine the strategy of Pondok Tahfidz Ustadz Mahyuddin (PTUM) in increasing the motivation to learn the Qur'an for adults and the elderly. This research was conducted at Pondok Tahfidz Ustadz Mahyuddin (PTUM) Bungo Mas Housing Phase III Koto Panjang Ikur Koto Village, Koto Tangah District, Padang City using a descriptive qualitative approach. The main instrument of this qualitative research is the researcher himself and data collection techniques are carried out by interview, observation and documentation, Data analysis in this study is inductive. The results of this study indicate that through various strategies that have been carried out by Pondok Tahfidz Ustadz Mahyuddin (PTUM) has succeeded in increasing the motivation to learn the Qur'an of adult and elderly students marked by their enthusiasm in participating in Qur'anic learning. The implication of this research is to broaden the understanding of learning strategies in increasing the motivation to learn the Qur'an for adults and the elderly.

The findings highlight the need for faith-based hygiene education and community involvement in hygiene practices to improve physical and spiritual health among Muslims. This study used quantitative methods with data collection instruments in the form of questionnaires. The number of respondents in this study was 31 people from various backgrounds. The selection of this method aims to objectively measure the increase in community participation in environmental cleanliness and its relation to the Islamic understanding that cleanliness is part of faith. This method was chosen to provide a clear picture of respondents' perceptions, appreciation, experiences, and assessments of aspects of environmental cleanliness and religious understanding.  The study found that the majority understood cleanliness as part of faith. These results emphasize the need for faith-based hygiene education and community participation in hygiene practices.