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Teaching plane geometry often faces challenges due to the abstract nature of geometric concepts, which are often detached from students’ real-life contexts. This study is a development research (Research and Development) using a modified 4D model reduced to 3D (Define, Design, Develop) aimed at producing and testing the validity of a Student Worksheet based on ethnomathematics with Batik Sekundang motifs on plane geometry material oriented toward Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL). Validation was conducted by two mathematics education experts who assessed the feasibility of content/material, media, and language/readability using a Likert scale instrument. The data were analyzed quantitatively in a descriptive manner using percentage formulas to determine the level of validity. The results showed that the student worksheet obtained a validity percentage of 87.50% in content feasibility (very valid), 80.76% in media (valid), and 87.50% in language (very valid), with an overall average of 85.25%, which falls into the very valid category. Based on these results, the ethnomathematics-based student worksheet with Batik Sekundang motifs is declared suitable to be used as a supporting teaching material for contextual and meaningful plane geometry learning for students in South Bengkulu.

This study discusses the development of thematic teaching materials in elementary schools to improve the quality of learning in accordance with the 2013 Curriculum. The research method used is research and development with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The results show that the thematic teaching materials developed with approaches such as Project Based Learning (PjBL), Problem Based Learning (PBL), and Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) can enhance students' critical thinking, creativity, and social responsibility skills. The integration of local wisdom values as well as the use of digital and contextual teaching materials make learning more engaging, interactive, and meaningful. The thematic teaching materials based on these innovative learning models can help students develop 21st-century skills. Thus, the development of thematic teaching materials based on innovative models is an effective strategy for creating quality learning in elementary schools that is relevant to curriculum demands and the needs of today's learners. The use of technology and contextual approaches enriches students' learning experiences, making them more relevant and beneficial in daily life.

Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) is a pedagogical approach that links the learning material to students' everyday life, making the learning process more meaningful and easier to understand. The aim of this literature review is to identify the effectiveness of context-based teaching materials in enhancing students' conceptual understanding, motivation, and learning outcomes in elementary schools. Studies focusing on the development of teaching materials, interactive modules, contextual worksheets, and e-modules were analyzed in depth. The findings show that the contextual approach consistently enhances student engagement, conceptual understanding, and critical thinking skills. However, several challenges need to be addressed, such as limited resources, lack of teacher competence, and the scarcity of relevant local learning resources. This article provides strategic recommendations related to the development and implementation of more effective and sustainable context-based teaching materials, taking into account resource availability and the improvement of teacher competencies to ensure the success of contextual learning in elementary schools.

There is a mismatch between the policy of Contextual teaching and learning (CT&L) and learning in reading skills and the practice in the Indonesian higher education context. This is a case study that examines the beliefs of Indonesian higher education English lecturers about CT&L in English reading lessons. Context plays a pivotal role in English teaching, especially in reading, since it can connect teaching materials with students’ real-life context. The interviews revealed that teachers believe teaching English reading skills should be contextualized. However, these practices were not always easy because there were constraints in the form of decontextualized textbooks and uncontextualized teaching. The findings of this research would offer a recommendation for policy makers, English teachers in higher education context and future researchers interested in how to make English language learning in reading more contextual

This study aims to determine the implementation and challenges  of the Promblem Based Learning (PBL) learning model and contextual approach to students. So, by knowing the results of the implementation, it is hoped that teachers can improve the way to teach students better. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with interviews via chat via whatsapp and provides google from to be filled in by Yuselvin Beo Wesso as a PPG student who teaches at SMP Negeri 6 Banjarmasin grade 8. She was chosen because she was a student of the Teacher Professional Program and also directly taught at school. The results obtained are the advantages and disadvantages of this model and approach. The advantage of this model is that it helps students to hone critical thinking skills through problem solving that can build students' connectivity with learning. The shortcoming faced in its application is that students find it difficult if they are directly asked for problem-solving discussions. In addition, the challenge faced is that teachers must be able to design learning that varies with the context of problem-solving and not all students can construct their experiences into written text. Therefore, efforts are made by applying the jigsaw method. The result of the application of this model and approach is that the students are quite good. Students can work together to complete assignments and be able to bring up topics relevant to daily life.

This study aims to improve students' motivation and learning outcomes through the application of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach to fourth-grade students of SD 1 Pecangaan. The background of this study is the low motivation and learning outcomes of students in the conventional learning process that does not relate the material to students' real lives. The research method used is the Classroom Action Research (CAR) model of Kemmis and McTaggart which is carried out in two cycles. The instruments used include observation, learning motivation questionnaires, and learning outcome tests (pretest and posttest). The results of the study showed a significant increase in student motivation and learning outcomes after the application of the CTL approach. Students' learning motivation scores increased from the sufficient category (average 62) to high (average 83). Student learning outcomes also increased from an average pretest score of 63 to an average posttest score of 82, with the percentage of learning completion increasing from 35% to 87%. The CTL approach has proven effective because it is able to create active, meaningful, and relevant learning with students' real experiences. Thus, the application of CTL can be used as a strategic solution in improving the quality of learning in elementary schools. Teachers are expected to be able to implement this approach creatively and sustainably so that learning becomes more contextual and enjoyable for students.

This study aims to examine teachers' strategies in improving students' understanding of effective sentence concepts through the implementation of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model in elementary schools. The issues addressed in this research include how teachers design and implement context-based learning strategies, the challenges encountered during implementation, and the impact on students’ understanding of effective sentence structures. This research employs a literature review method by analyzing various journals, scholarly articles, and relevant documents. The findings indicate that teaching strategies that connect instructional materials with students’ real-life contexts—through CTL components such as constructivism, inquiry, questioning, learning community, modeling, reflection, and authentic assessment—are proven to significantly enhance students’ understanding of effective sentences. Furthermore, the implementation of interactive and meaningful strategies also increases student participation and fosters positive attitudes toward learning the Indonesian language. However, the application of CTL faces several challenges, including limited instructional time, teacher readiness, and diverse student abilities. Therefore, support from the school and professional development for teachers is essential to ensure that CTL-based teaching strategies can be implemented optimally and sustainably.

This study focuses on the effect of applying the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model in the topic of reaction rate on the ability to think critically and the formation of character values of students in geographically remote areas (remote areas). This approach is designed to strengthen learners' understanding of scientific concepts in a relevant and contextual manner, by connecting them to the dynamics of real life - both in the personal, social and cultural domains. Thus, learners have the opportunity to build conceptual insights and adaptive skills independently. In addition, this real situation-based method contributes to fostering character values such as responsibility, discipline, innovation, curiosity, as well as social interaction skills and effective communication during the learning process. The literature review was conducted by collecting scientific publications released between 2018 and 2025. The findings of this review confirmed that the CTL approach has a real positive impact in honing critical thinking skills and fostering learners' character that supports their academic achievement. Therefore, it can be concluded that CTL is an efficient and relevant pedagogical method to be applied in teaching high school chemistry.

Conventional physics learning tends not to connect the material studied by students with their environment. Learning needs to be designed contextually by teachers using the Contextual Teaching and Learning model. The use of digital Flipbook media is intended to be accessible to the students anytime and anywhere. This research aims to determine the increase in mastery of vibration and wave material in class VIII2 students at SMPN 8 Ambon. This type of research is one group pretest-posttest, with 28 students as research samples obtained by using purposive sampling techniques. This research data was collected through test and non-test instruments. Test instrument was used for initial tests and final tests, while non-test instruments are Student Worksheets (LKPD) and student response questionnaires. The results of the research showed that 100% of the students' initial abilities were in the failing qualification with an average score of 23.0. During the learning process, the average student achievement score was 82.6 or good qualifications. The average final test achievement score of students reached 82.4 with good qualifications. For the N-Gain Test results, the average student score was 0.77 or high qualification. Students' responses to digital flipbook media in learning science (physics) achieved very good qualifications with an average score of 98.47. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of the Contextual Teaching and Learning  model assisted by digital Flipbook media can improve the mastery of vibration and wave material for class VIII2 students at SMPN 8 Ambon.

The Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach effectively enhances meaningful and relevant biology learning while fostering critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving skills. By aligning with sustainable education principles, CTL supports the achievement of SDGs and equips students to address global challenges. It is recommended that educators receive training to design CTL-based strategies, integrate local and global themes, and explore its application across diverse educational contexts and models.

This research delves into examining how the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model can be applied to enhance students' academic performance in Social Sciences (IPS) for fourth-grade students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI). This research centers on studying literature to examine how the CTL model connects academic content with students' everyday experiences. By enhancing students' critical and social thinking abilities, this study aims to offer insights to educators on how to incorporate successful teaching approaches in madrasas to enhance student academic performance.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Fiqh learning using the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach at MI Muhajirin. The type of research used is qualitative with a descriptive analytical approach. Data sources consist of primary and secondary data, which are obtained through observation, interview, and documentation data collection techniques. Data validity is guaranteed by triangulation techniques. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of CTL in Fiqh learning at MI Muhajirin is carried out in three stages: (1) initial activities that include introduction, (2) core activities, and (3) closing activities. Supporting factors in this learning include Fiqh reference books, teacher guidance, and parental support at home which also helps the learning process. The inhibiting factor is the difference in students' abilities in understanding the material, where there are students who understand quickly and some who need more time to grasp the lesson.

This research is motivated by problems experienced by students, such as continuous problems, the lack of interaction between friends can actually affect the student learning process, especially for class VII. Students are more limited or less active because they lack self-confidence and have difficulty communicating. Therefore, by implementing the contextual teaching and learning model, it is hoped that students can grow their self-confidence so that they can increase social interaction between students and create good learning activities. The research objectives are, to find out the step, supporting and inhibiting factors, impact of implementing the Contextual Teaching And Learning model in social studies learning in increasing the social interaction of class VII students at MTsN 3 Tulungagung. This research uses a qualitative approach, descriptive research type. Descriptive research is presented in the form of words found from observations which are then analyzed, interpreted and conclusions drawn. The population of this study was class VII MTsN 3 Tulungagung and school residents. Data collection techniques use interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the research are drawn to conclusions which show that the implementation of the Contextual Teaching and Learning model can increase social interaction between students, so that students tend to be more active and learning activities can run well.

This research aims to examine whether the achievement and improvement of junior high school students' mathematical communication skills who use the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach through the Numbered Head Together type Cooperative Learning model is better than those who use regular learning. The method used in this research is experimental. This research was conducted at one of the state junior high schools in Cianjur Regency with a population of all class VIII, while the sample was taken from two classes randomly where one class was the experimental class and the other class was the control class. This research instrument is about description. The research data were processed using the Microsoft Office Excel 2007 application and SPSS 16 software. Based on the research results, the author concluded that the achievement and improvement in mathematical communication skills of junior high school students whose learning used the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach through the Numbered Head Together type Cooperative Learning model was better than that using regular learning.    

The purpose of this study was to increase student learning independence in Civics subjects by applying the contextual teaching and learning (CTL) learning model in class X IPS 3 SMA Negeri 8 Muaro Jambi. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) with a research design using the Kemmis & Taggart spiral model. The research was carried out in 3 cycles where each cycle consisted of 3 meetings. Each cycle is carried out through 4 stages of activity, namely planning, implementing actions, observing (observation), and reflecting. The success criterion set in the research is 60%. The results showed that in cycle I the level of student learning independence increased from the initial condition of an average value of 23% to 49% but had not yet reached the established success criteria. Cycle I then made improvements to continue in cycle II. After the repairs were made, there was an increase in cycle II which increased by 9% to 58% but also did not reach the specified success criteria. Improvements were made again in cycle II to be continued in cycle III. The results of the research cycle III increased by 11% to 69%, which means that the action was declared successful because it had achieved the specified success criteria.Keywords: Independent Learning, CTL Learning Model

Pembelajaran seni budaya di SMP sangat membutuhkan kreatifitas. Setiap orang memiliki kapasitas kreatif hanya kadarnya yang berbeda oleh karenanya dapat dikembangkan atau dimaksimalkan melalui berbagai pendekatan, salah satunya adalah Contextual Teaching and Learning melalui latihan yang terstruktur. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana peningkatan kreatifitas siswa menggunakan Contextual Teaching and Learning. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan di kelas IX.1 SMP Negeri 1 Sumenep tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IX.1 SMP Negeri 1 Sumenep tahun ajaran 2022/2023 yang berjumlah 24 siswa yang terdiri dari 7 orang siswa laki-laki dan 17 orang siswa perempuan. Dari Siklus I diketahui bahwa nilai rata-rata siswa masih rendah dan belum memenuhi KKM. Hal ini terlihat dari rendahnya nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh siswa pada siklus I yaitu 69,50. Jumlah siswa memperoleh nilai ³ 70 hanya 13 orang atau 54,17% dari jumlah siswa secara keseluruhan dan siswa yang belum berhasil sebanyak 11 orang atau 45,83% dari jumlah siswa keseluruhan, artinya tindakan yang diberikan pada siklus I belum dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Dari Siklus II diketahui bahwa pelaksanaan tindakan pada siklus II sudah mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I. Ini dapat diketahui dari hasil belajar siklus II yang diikuti oleh 24   siswa. Nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh meningkat dari 54,17 pada siklus I menjadi 72,50pada siklus II. Dan jumlah siswa memperoleh nilai ³ 70 sebanyak 18 orang, ini berarti keberhasilan klasikal telah mencapai 75%. Sedangkan siswa yang belum berhasil 6 orang sekitar 25% maka tindakan dilanjutkan pada siklus III. Dari Siklus III diketahui bahwa pelaksanaan tindakan pada siklus III sudah mengalami peningkatan. Ini dapat diketahui dari siklus I yang diikuti oleh 24 orang siswa, nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh meningkat dari  69,6 pada siklus I menjadi 72,5pada siklus II dan meningkat menjadi 77,6 pada siklus III. Siswa yang memperoleh nilai ³ 70 sebanyak 23 orang. Ini berarti keberhasilan klasikal mencapai 95,83% sedangkan siswa yang belum berhasil sebesar 4,17%. Angka keberhasilan ini menunjukkan bahwa tindakan yang dilakukan dapat dikatakan berhasil.

The results of observations on Class VII students of National Junior High School teaching and learning activities only run theoretically and are not related to the real environment where students are located. The incompleteness of student learning outcomes, one of which is the selection of learning methods that are not appropriate, learning media are less attractive and the level of student activity is low. The purpose of the study was to improve student learning outcomes through the Picture and Student Active (PASA) model with a Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach to the seventh grade students of the Makassar National Junior High School. This research is classroom action research with 2 cycles, namely the stages of planning, action, observation and reflection. The data collection instrument used observation sheets and test questions. The success indicator is 85% with an acquisition score of 75. The results show that the Picture and Student Active (PASA) Model with this Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach, can improve biology learning outcomes in class VII students of Makassar National Junior High School which is marked by an increase in the category student learning outcomes from cycle I to cycle II. In the first cycle is in the category of 20 people or 50% and in the second cycle is in the high category that is 40 people or 100% and the completeness of learning outcomes in the first cycle is 20 people or 50% and the second cycle is 40 people or 100%..    

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis implementasi Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) Berbasis ICT Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Dan Hasil Belajar Pkn Siswa Kelas V di SDN 01 Suruh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui Observasi, Wawancara, Dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa Efektifitas pengimplementasi media pembelajaran Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) Berbasis ICT dapat dikemukakan sebagai berikut, terdapat peningkatan keaktifan, minat dan motivasi yang mengarah pada peningkatan hasil belajar PKn dengan menggunakan pendekatan Contextual Teaching and Learning pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri 01 Suruh Kecamatan Tasikmadu. Hal tersebut dapat terlihat dari beberapa temuan di kelas, yaitu (1) siswa terlihat antusias dan bersemangat dalam mengikuti pembelajaran PKn, (2) siswa sudah mampu mengatasi kesulitan belajar dengan berdiskusi dengan teman yang lebih paham akan materinya dan belajar bertanya sehingga mampu memahami materi PKn dengan baik, (3) guru telah mampu melaksanakan metode pembelajaran PKn dengan nuansa baru yang inovatif dan kreatif sesuai perkembangan zaman. Kata Kunci: CTL, ICT, Minat Belajar, Hasil Belajar, Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan