Publication Search

Pencak silat is a martial art that involves physical and emotional combat. This study aims to explore the mental toughness of pencak silat students in the category of matches based on the belt level they have. The main focus of the study is the relationship between emotional intelligence, concentration, and mental toughness among students with black and yellow belts. The method used was a questionnaire targeting 140 male students from the IKSPI Kera Sakti school in Taman District, Sidoarjo. The results showed that black belt students had better mental toughness than yellow belt students, especially in facing challenges. These findings are expected to help coaches design more effective training programs, as well as increase awareness of the importance of psychological support in achieving achievement. This study provides important insights into the psychological factors that play a role in the performance of pencak silat athletes and opens up opportunities for further research in the field of sports psychology.

Stability testing is an important step in the development of pharmaceutical products. This testing must be conducted before the product is manufactured, whether on an industrial or non-industrial scale. Currently, liquid formulations are experiencing rapid development, one of which is suspension. Suspension itself is a liquid formulation that contains undissolved solid particles dispersed in the liquid phase. To assess the stability of suspension, various evaluations are performed such as organoleptic tests, sedimentation volume, redispersion, density, viscosity, particle size distribution, and pH measurement. Based on several studies, temperature is known to affect the stability of drugs, especially in suspension formulations. A study related to diclofenac suspension showed that at a temperature of 4°C, its stability reaches 96.3%, while at temperatures of 40°C and 60°C, there is a significant reduction in content, amounting to 89.58% and 85.17% respectively. Meanwhile, research on folic acid suspension revealed that the drug remains stable at temperatures of 4°C and 25°C, although on day 90 there was an increase in pH. Another study on cefuroxime axetil suspension showed that at a temperature of 20°C, its concentration was 87.68%, while at 5°C, it was higher at 92.35%. This research underscores the importance of considering temperature in the storage and formulation of pharmaceutical suspensions to maintain their effectiveness and stability.

The technological growth at the present time is so rapid, one form of technological advancement is an online game. An online game is a game played online using the internet. Young people who play the online game feel that playing an online game will reduce the load of thought gained from the environment. If a youth is dependent on playing  online games it will be bad for the teen. So it requires the role of the people around him to monitor and direct the youth away from the negative effects of online gaming. This study aims to determine the relationship between online game addiction and verbal aggression behavior in adolescents in Lubuk Basung District. This study uses quantitative methods with the research design used is correlational test research.The population in this study are teenagers who like to play PUBG online games. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total of 103 adolescents who played pubg mobile online games. In collecting data using an online game addiction scale with a verbal aggression scale. The results of data analysis obtained a correlation of sig = 0.137 (sig <0.05). These results show that there is a significant relationship between online game addiction and verbal aggression behavior  

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of an interactive storytelling method supported by visual media in enhancing young children's language skills and character development. The research employs a qualitative approach, collecting data through observation, interviews, and descriptive analysis of learning practices in early childhood education institutions (PAUD). The findings indicate that the use of visual media and active interaction from parents and teachers significantly enriches vocabulary, improves listening skills, and supports children's social- emotional and overall character development. These results underscore the crucial role of parents and visual media in the language stimulation and character-building process for early childhood, aligning with language development theories and social constructivism as foundational principles for effective learning approaches.

This study aims to explore the subjective experience of loneliness in early adult Gen Z college students through group counseling with a humanistic approach. Using a qualitative phenomenological method, six female participants aged 20–22 years participated in four group counseling sessions. Data collection was conducted through an initial questionnaire to identify participants' levels of loneliness, followed by in-depth interviews after the counseling session to explore the meaning of their experiences more comprehensively. The results showed that loneliness was associated with a lack of emotional connection, unsupportive family relationships, and shallow social interactions through social media. Group counseling proved to be a safe space to share emotions and build self-awareness, helping participants manage loneliness more healthily.

The purpose of this study is to determine how the regulation and implementation of legal protection for lenders in cases of default based on the Financial Services Authority Regulation (POJK) No. 77/POJK.01/2016 concerning Information Technology-Based Money Lending Services. This study also examines the form of legal responsibility of the platform organizer, as well as dispute resolution efforts that can be taken by lenders. The research method used is the normative legal method with a statutory regulatory approach and case studies. Data were obtained through literature studies and documentation of applicable legal provisions, as well as relevant documents and reports from PT. Crowde. The analysis was carried out qualitatively-descriptively to assess the suitability between field practices and applicable regulations. The results of the study indicate that POJK No. 77/POJK.01/2016 has not fully provided comprehensive legal protection for lenders in cases of default. Legal responsibility for default is still largely borne by the civil relationship between the borrower and the lender, without any concrete risk recovery mechanism from the organizer. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen regulations, increase platform transparency, and play an active role for the OJK and the Indonesian Joint Funding Fintech Association (AFPI) in supervising and following up on default cases.

Law enforcement plays a vital role in building a just, reliable, and corrupt-free criminal system. The success of the criminal system is highly dependent on the integrity of law enforcement officers, from the police, prosecutors, to the judiciary. This article discusses how consistent, transparent, and accountable law enforcement can increase public trust and minimize the potential for abuse of power. Through a normative and legal approach, this paper emphasizes the importance of institutional reform and legal culture in order to create a clean and just criminal system. This article critically examines the strategic role of law enforcement officials in building public trust through a transparent, accountable and integrity judicial system. Using a normative juridical approach and analysis of empirical data, this research highlights various challenges faced, such as weak integrity of the apparatus, political intervention, and a legal culture that is permissive of violations. This paper also emphasizes the importance of institutional reform, strengthening protection for justice collaborators and whistleblowers, and utilizing digital technology in order to encourage legal accountability.

Eksekusi hak tanggungan merupakan salah satu upaya penyelesaian kredit bermasalah yang diberikan kepada kreditor sebagai bentuk perlindungan hukum atas jaminan kebendaan. Namun dalam praktiknya, pelaksanaan eksekusi hak tanggungan di Pengadilan Negeri seringkali mengalami hambatan baik secara administratif maupun teknis hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas pelaksanaan eksekusi hak tanggungan dalam penyelesaian kredit bermasalah serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif dan empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan eksekusi hak tanggungan masih belum efektif karena panjangnya proses birokrasi peradilan, kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat terhadap hukum jaminan, serta belum optimalnya peran lembaga peradilan dalam mempercepat proses eksekusi. Dibutuhkan reformasi regulasi dan percepatan proses eksekusi melalui penguatan peran pengadilan dan sistem administrasi eksekusi yang terintegrasi.

This research is motivated by the social problems of junior high school children in Panggul Village, Trenggalek, whose parents work as female migrant workers. The children show symptoms of lack of socialization, low self-confidence, and minimal emotional support from their mothers. This study aims to analyze the social competence and social responsibility of these children. The approach used is qualitative with a case study method. Informants consisted of 11 people, namely TKW husbands, substitute families, community leaders, and junior high school children. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that junior high school children in Panggul Village who are left by their parents as TKW have the ability to interact with family, friends, and the community, but tend to have less understanding of the social conditions around them due to their indifference and lack of self-confidence. They are closed, have minimal empathy due to lack of role models from parents, and only show concern for peers. In terms of responsibility, these children have awareness of interacting with family, but still lack overall concern.

Social media has become a new cultural space for teenagers to express themselves, interact socially, and form a self-image online. Trend culture on social media has become an important phenomenon in the dynamics of digital communication, especially among teenagers and the younger generation. Trend culture is a fluid cultural space where values, norms and identities are constantly negotiated through virtual interactions. Rapidly evolving trends through platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube not only reflect lifestyle changes, but also become a means of self-expression, identity formation, and the search for social validation. This research aims to analyze how adolescent identity is represented through trend culture on social media in interaction patterns, meaning construction, and user self-representation. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of digital observation of active teenage users of the Instagram and TikTok platforms. The theory used is Stuart Hall's representation theory. The representation is not singular, but rather fluid and performative, depending on social dynamics, recognition needs, and symbolic interactions in digital space. The results show that cultural trends, such as viral challenges, clothing styles, the use of visual filters, and the use of certain captions, become an important medium in the construction and representation of teenage identity.

The present study aims to identify and analyze idiomatic expressions in the lyrics of “Do I Wanna Know?” by Arctic Monkeys. Idioms are non-literal expressions that often cause difficulty for English learners due to their figurative nature. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach with a focus on semantic and contextual analysis based on the theories of Palmer (2007), Larson (2010), and Halliday (2014). The results indicate that the song contains several idiomatic expressions that reflect emotional states such as longing, regret, and insecurity. These findings suggest that song lyrics can serve as effective, authentic, and engaging media for learning idioms in EFL contexts. The study also highlights the pedagogical and cultural implications of using popular songs as teaching materials.

The Literacy Care Movement Program is a form of community service by KPPM students implemented in Simanungkalit Village with the aim of increasing interest in reading and literacy culture among the community, especially elementary school children. This activity uses a qualitative research method with a case study approach, which focuses on the planning process, implementation, participation, and results and impacts of the program. The implementation of the program begins with coordination with village officials, site reviews, independent construction of Literacy Cottages, and socialization to partner schools. Various literacy activities are carried out interactively, including reading and writing classes, which are closed with a literacy competition as the peak of the event. The evaluation shows that the activities are effective and receive high enthusiasm from students, teachers, and the community. This program has succeeded in creating an alternative learning space and motivating the community to care more about the importance of literacy. In the future, the sustainability of the program needs to be maintained by involving the local community so that the spirit of literacy continues to grow and develop.

This research is a form of community service. This activity aims to develop creative skills, build entrepreneurial spirit, and increase awareness of the importance of maintaining local cultural values. Because the preservation of songket cloth as a cultural heritage and form of local wisdom of Indonesia faces challenges amidst the flow of modernization and declining interest of the younger generation. To overcome this, socialization and training activities were carried out on making hijab brooches and hair clips from songket cloth for housewives in the Bukit Barisan Housing Complex, Pekanbaru. Data collection techniques in qualitative research are by conducting observations, interviews, and documentation results. The results of this study indicate that participants are able to understand the techniques of making accessories, are enthusiastic about innovating, and show interest in developing small businesses based on local products. This activity proves that the use of local wisdom through an educational and creative approach can be a strategy for economic empowerment as well as cultural preservation.

This research seeks to explore how the Adiwiyata program is implemented in fostering students' religious character through the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5) at SMA Negeri 1 Tambakboyo.The research employed a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, focusing on exploring the direct experiences of teachers and students in carrying out the program. The data were obtained using observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation techniques. The findings indicate that the Adiwiyata program not only contributes to raising environmental awareness but also plays a significant role in instilling character values such as responsibility, discipline, cooperation, and socio-ecological awareness. These values are internalized through reflective and participatory daily activities, such as classroom cleaning duties, waste management, composting, and energy-saving campaigns. All of these activities are carried out with active and structured involvement from teachers, the school principal, and the entire school community. Supporting factors include adequate facilities and infrastructure, habituation of positive behaviors, and the integration of religious values into environmental activities. However, some challenges remain, such as the low initial understanding of new students and inconsistent behavior change. The implication of these findings is that environmental programs, when integrated with character education, can serve as effective media for building students’ moral and religious values in a contextual and sustainable manner, in line with national education goals and Islamic principles.

This Moral education in basic education has an important role in shaping the character and morals of children from an early age. This research aims to highlight the importance of moral education in the basic education curriculum. This research method includes analysis of literature and secondary data related to the effectiveness of moral education in early childhood. The research results show that the integration of moral education in the basic education curriculum can increase moral awareness, empathy and positive behavior in students. The implications of this research indicate the need for greater emphasis on moral education at the basic education level to form a generation with noble morals.  

This study examines the role of perception in individual and organizational decision-making through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and content analysis approach. Perception is understood as an internal process that shapes understanding of objects, influencing preferences and decisions. Contextual factors such as culture, socio-economics, and technology also contribute to shaping perception. This study adopts a theoretical framework in which perception mediates the relationship between external attributes—such as price, quality, and brand image—and final decisions. By analyzing 993 scholarly articles from 2021 to 2025, this research maps perception models in consumer and organizational domains and identifies research gaps related to the integration of digital factors such as algorithms and AI. The validation process was conducted through triangulation between AI-generated prompts and human-based thematic analysis. The results highlight the need for perception models to adapt to digital dynamics and emphasize the importance of ethical integration in modern decision-making systems.  

Language development is one of the main pillars in early childhood growth. Strong language skills are not just about being able to speak, but also include the ability to listen, understand, and use language to think and interact. This ability becomes an important foundation for children's future success, both in formal education and social life. In the early childhood stage, the role of teachers in kindergartens (TK) is very crucial. Teachers are the child's first social environment outside the home, and the interactions they have every day will greatly influence the child's language development. This research will thoroughly explore the various strategic roles played by teachers in stimulating children's language development, and how these roles can be effectively applied in the classroom environment.

The accelerated progress in technology alongside the global integration of digital trends have significantly shaped the financial behavior of Generation Z. This demographic often displays short-term financial tendencies, such as impulsive spending, the adoption of the “You Only Live Once” (YOLO) mindset, and doom spending, which often undermines long-term financial planning. This study seeks to examine the extent to which love of money, financial literacy, and financial attitude influence personal financial management among members of GenBI South Sumatra. Information was obtained via surveys distributed to 63 participants, proportionally selected from a total population of 175 students from UIN Raden Fatah, Sriwijaya University, and Sriwijaya State Polytechnic. The study employed a quantitative research design using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method  with the SmartPLS 3.2.9 software. The data reveal that love of money, financial literacy, and financial attitude each have a positive and statistically significant impact on the personal financial management of Generation Z.

The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of . Return on assets, Return on equity, Net profit margin on Price to book value at PT Timah, Tbk for period 2013-2023. The research employs ratio secondary data derived from the company’s annual financial statement, accessed through the official website (www.timah.ubb.ac.id.). To analyze the data, the study applies a series of statistical methods, including classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing, all conducted using SPSS version 23. The results of this study indicate that Return on Assets has a significant partial effect on Price to Book Value, while Return on Equity does not have a significant partial effect on PBV. Meanwhile, Net Profit Margin has a significant partial effect on PBV. Furthermore, ROA, ROE, and NPM have a significant simultaneous effect on PBV at PT Timah Tbk.  

The rapid development of technology and social media has given rise to new trends in marketing strategies, one of which is the use of Influencers as promotional media. Influencers are often utilized as intermediaries between brands and consumers due to their perceived ability to shape public opinion and influence purchasing decisions. However, various ethical issues have emerged in advertising practices involving Influencers, particularly concerning transparency, honesty, and social responsibility. Many Influencers promote products without disclosing that the content is paid advertising. Such practices can mislead consumers and damage the reputations of both the Influencer and the associated brand. Another critical issue is the promotion of products that do not align with the Influencer’s personal values, as well as the lack of protection for vulnerable groups, such as children. Therefore, the implementation of strict and comprehensive advertising ethics is essential. This study highlights the importance of digital ethics education for Influencers, the enforcement of clear regulations, and the active role of social media platforms in labeling sponsored content, in order to establish a healthy and responsible digital advertising ecosystem.