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The development of information and communication technology has influenced every aspect of human life. Smartphones, computers, and tablets have become everyday tools that we rely on for various purposes. However, the high dependence on digital devices also brings new challenges, including negative impacts on physical and mental health, particularly eye health. This research aims to educate 5th grade elementary school students about the importance of maintaining eye health in the digital age through the method of socialization. The research method involves socializing with 5th grade students using educational materials tailored to the children's level of understanding. The socialization activities include interactive presentations, question and answer sessions, and demonstrations of simple eye exercises. After participating in the socialization, students showed a significant increase in understanding regarding the negative impacts of excessive digital device use on eye health. The results of this research highlight the importance of ongoing educational programs and collaboration between various parties to create a healthier digital environment and support eye wellness for all users.

Hypothermia is a common complication following spinal anesthesia, which can lead to more severe consequences if not detected and treated early. Early detection of hypothermia is essential for preventing additional complications, such as cardiovascular instability, delayed recovery, or prolonged hospitalization. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of providing health education in improving the early detection of hypothermia among patients after spinal anesthesia at Gemolong Regional Hospital. The research utilized a quantitative approach, applying a pre-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design to measure the impact of the intervention. A total of 15 patients who underwent spinal anesthesia were selected as respondents and were provided with health education on recognizing the signs, risks, prevention, and treatment of hypothermia. Health education sessions were conducted through interactive presentations and written materials, emphasizing practical knowledge that could be directly applied by healthcare staff and patients. The primary data collection tool involved pre-test and post-test assessments to measure the participants' understanding of hypothermia and its management. The results indicated a significant improvement in the patients' understanding of hypothermia after receiving the health education. The average score of the post-test was noticeably higher than the pre-test, suggesting that the education effectively increased awareness and preparedness for early detection of hypothermia. This finding emphasizes the importance of integrating health education programs into clinical practice, especially for patients undergoing spinal anesthesia, to enhance early detection and reduce the risks of complications related to hypothermia.

This study explores the implementation of the Know-Want-Learn (K-W-L) strategy to enhance reading comprehension among eleventh-grade students at SMA Negeri 2 Kota Kupang during the 2023/2024 academic year. Employing a Classroom Action Research (CAR) methodology, the research aims to determine the extent to which the K-W-L approach improves students' reading comprehension abilities. The study was conducted in two cycles, each involving planning, action, observation, and reflection phases. Data were collected through pre-tests and post-tests, observation checklists, and student interviews. Findings indicate a significant improvement in students' reading comprehension, as evidenced by increased test scores and positive feedback during interviews. The K-W-L strategy not only engaged students by sparking their curiosity but also guided them through a structured learning process that enhanced their understanding and retention of reading materials. These results suggest that the K-W-L strategy is an effective pedagogical tool for improving reading comprehension in high school students.  

This study explores the portrayal of mental illness, particularly paranoid schizophrenia, in the film script “Black Swan.” Library research method is adopted for this study. The primary source material is the “Black Swan” script, and the secondary sources include theoretical reference books that provide supporting evidence for the analysis. Utilizing a psychological approach, the analysis explores the character of Nina Sayers and her descent into a mental breakdown. The paper examines how the script depicts symptoms of schizophrenia, including hallucinations, delusions, and emotional instability. Additionally, the analysis investigates potential contributing factors such as neuropsychological vulnerabilities, immense pressure from ballet world, and a strained family dynamic. The Black Swan script serves as a valuable case study for understanding the complex interplay between internal and external forces that can trigger a mental illness. By examining Nina’s character, the study shed light on the challenges faced by individuals with schizophrenia and the importance of recognizing the diverse range of symptoms with the disorder.    

Understanding data processing for young researchers such as students is crucial to completing the final assignment. An important phase in determining research results after data collection in the field is completed is the data processing stage. This stage is often an obstacle for novice researchers due to the limited development of materials from lectures that have been attended previously. Therefore, this community service becomes a medium for solving problems, namely by holding data processing training carried out in the form of a workshop. This data processing workshop is used for data collected through secondary data and primary data which is carried out in providing materials and practices. This workshop uses the SmartPLS software tool, starting with an introduction to the software, terms of use, and data processing practices. This activity is carried out within the STIE Totalwin environment, namely by forming a community service team as a resource person and the activity implementation committee. The training that was carried out can be followed well. The implementation of the data processing workshop can be carried out and run smoothly. The benefits of this activity are felt by all parties involved in this workshop.

Digital literacy is the ability to obtain, understand, and use information based on various digital sources. Information and communication technology development was increasing rapidly, and the Republic of Indonesia Constitution number 14 year 2005 demanded professional teachers be able to utilize digital technology and assess the validity of information from digital sources. Gilster said there are four aspects of digital literacy competence: internet searching, guidance of hypertext, evaluation of information content, and knowledge assembly. The researcher focuses on the problem of the digital literacy ability of Islamic education teachers and civil servants in Islamic education learning. The type of this research is field research with descriptive and qualitative approaches, which did not produce statistical analysis procedures or quantification methods. However, the research was analyzed through illustrations, narrative and interpretive words. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation. The research results showed that: First, based on the internet searching for Islamic Education teachers at MTsN 1 Hulu Sungai Tengah and MTsN 3 Hulu Sungai Tengah can search the information on the internet using search engines. Second, the ability to guide hypertext or hypertextual navigation of Islamic Education teachers at MTsN 1 Hulu Sungai Tengah and MTsN 3 Hulu Sungai Tengah still require a deeper understanding. Third, based on the ability to evaluate the information content of Islamic Education teachers at MTsN 1 Hulu Sungai Tengah and MTsN 3 Hulu Sungai Tengah, Islamic Education teachers still need to be more critical of the information that they find on the internet. Fourth, the ability to have a knowledge assembly for Islamic Education teachers at MTsN 1 Hulu Sungai Tengah and MTsN 3 Hulu Sungai Tengah also still needs deeper knowledge and understanding. Fifth, the ways implementation of digital literacy in the learning process of Islamic Education are using a computer laboratory, a laptop, and LCD to convey the information or material from the internet.

Contextual approach is a learning approach that correlates material with real life. There are many ways that are applied in contextual learning, one of them with learning activities outside or tourism works. This study aims to integrate the activities of pilgrimage to the grave of Gus Dur in learning mathematics can help students in grade 5 elementary school understand the concept of scale and distance more effectively. This case study is expected to provide insight into the benefits of combining local wisdom in the mathematics curriculum, as well as enriching teaching methods in elementary schools. This research is a qualitative study through a survey approach and literature study. The sample in this study was 30 students at the 5th grade level at SD Negeri 6 Kedungwuni Pekalongan Regency. Data collection techniques used by researchers are, using interviews with students and teachers. The results showed that tourism work activities can increase students' understanding and enthusiasm in understanding mathematical concepts.  

Learning difficulties do not only occur in students attending primary to secondary school, but also occur in mathematics education students. This research uses the Systematic Literature Review research method. Mathematics education students are part of the teaching faculty who are hired to become educators, namely the inability to understand the material, this main factor is the main factor in the difficulty of learning mathematics, students in the first semester are vulnerable to semesters 1-3 where the learning method is between schools. and different lectures make students in the first semester of mathematics education experience a shock of understanding, students are required not only to gain understanding in lecture classes but also in seminars, presentations and research, this study concludes. But one of the main factors is external where jockeying has a domino effect Mathematics education students must be aware of this so that they do not become students who are dull in thinking, logic and the future. The author states that no matter how smart the student is, if they still use assignment coaching services, they can be said to be suffering from an illness as is another definition of learning difficulties..

The availability of teaching materials can be one of the supporting factors for the success of the learning process. With teaching materials, students can study competencies in a sequential and systematic manner, allowing them to master all competencies thoroughly. One of the teaching materials used by students in the learning process is the module. Based on this, the development of learning modules is considered important for the success of the learning process. Therefore, this research aims to develop and expand the body of knowledge regarding learning module materials, enabling readers to gain a deeper understanding of learning modules. In this article, the author focuses on development objectives using a library research method, meaning the author seeks to deepen and broaden existing knowledge. A learning module is a specially designed teaching material that is systematic and includes instructions containing learning experiences by organizing subject matter, making it possible to be studied independently or with guidance, thus facilitating learners in their studies. Learning modules have several characteristics that are advantageous, including being self-instructional, self-contained, stand-alone, adaptive, and user-friendly. The development of teaching module materials analyzed by the researcher is essential to pursue, both in theoretical and practical studies, as the learning process is dynamic and must keep pace with the times.s.  

Catechesis is the Church’s effort to spread God’s saving work to humanity in everyday life, with the aim of guiding and instilling Christian values. The challenge faced in the current technological era is how to attract the attention of the people in the catechesis teaching process considering that traditional methods such as lectures tend to be boring. This research uses a qualitatie descriptive method through literature study to understand the application of audiovisual media in the context of catechesis participantas, facilitate their understanding of the material being taught and increase their anthsiasm fot learning. Even though thereare several obstacles such as a lack of facilities and the catechist’understanding oftemedia,the use of audiovisual media has great potential to increase the effectiveness of catechesis learning.

This research aims to improve mathematics learning outcomes in flat volume material through the application of the MESSAGE Type Accelerated Learning learning model (Mindset, Entrance, Switch-Ownership, Store, Act, Go-again, Engage) in grade 5 students at SDN Dukuh Kupang V Surabaya . The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The research results showed a significant increase in students' mathematics learning outcomes. In the pre-cycle, the percentage of student learning completion only reached 55%. After implementing the MESSAGE learning model in cycle I, the percentage of student learning completion increased to 70%. In cycle II, the percentage of student learning completeness further increased to 85%. This increase shows that the application of the MESSAGE Type Accelerated Learning learning model is effective in improving mathematics learning outcomes regarding volume of plane shapes in class 5 students. Based on the results of this research, it is concluded that the use of the MESSAGE learning model can increase student involvement and facilitate better understanding of concepts, thus having a positive impact on their mathematics learning outcomes. It is recommended for educators to consider using this model as an alternative in teaching mathematics.

This research aims to analyze the development and growth of faith in youth and teenagers after implementing discipleship and teaching at the Siaro Fellowship Protestant Church (GPP) for two months. This discipleship activity is carried out by intern students from the Theology Study Program every night of the week with material that includes an introduction to Jesus, His humanity and divinity, divine character, the work of Jesus Christ, death and His ascension. The research method used is a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and participant observation. The research results show that this discipleship program has succeeded in increasing theological understanding, deepening personal relationships with Jesus, and strengthening faith commitment among youth and teenagers. Apart from that, this activity also encourages active participation in church activities and community service.

This research aims to explore the effectiveness of using Indonesian in student presentations and seminars. The method used in this research is the Quantitative Method using a Questionnaire. Questionnaires were distributed to 23 students who had attended seminars or student presentations. Research findings show that students still often make errors in grammar, spelling and word choice in talks and seminars. These grammatical errors can affect how well the audience understands the presentation or seminar material; Audiences who are distracted by grammatical errors will have a hard time following along. Therefore, so that students can use Indonesian in presentations and seminars well, they need to be guided and trained.

The implementataion of this service activity aims to determine the difficulties of Papua childrens in orphanages in mastering vocabulary and grammar in understanding English texts. Papuan children experience a lack of vocabulary mastery, lack of self confidence, fear of making mistakes, so it is hoped that with this training participants can improve their ability to use English vocabulary and grammar properly and correctly so that there will be an increase in participants’ skills in master English vocabulary. This service was carried out at the Kartini orphanage in Merauke in February 2024. The duration was 2 times a week namely Thursday and Friday for 3 months through the application of theory and practice with 20 native Papuan children. This service is carried out in the in the form of workshops, training, and mentoring, while the methods used are: (1) providing a handbook to be used during the activity which contains the materials that will be studied during the activity; (2) provide basic material; (3) provide training on vocabulary and grammar to measure the participants’ mastery of vocabulary and grammar. The expected results of this service are: (1) growing interest in indigenous Papuan children learning grammar and vocabulary in the language; (2) increasing knowledge of English vocabulary aand grammar of native Papuan children; (3) increasing English readings skills.

The implementataion of this service activity aims to determine the difficulties of Papua childrens in orphanages in mastering vocabulary and grammar in understanding English texts. Papuan children experience a lack of vocabulary mastery, lack of self confidence, fear of making mistakes, so it is hoped that with this training participants can improve their ability to use English vocabulary and grammar properly and correctly so that there will be an increase in participants’ skills in master English vocabulary. This service was carried out at the Kartini orphanage in Merauke in February 2024. The duration was 2 times a week namely Thursday and Friday for 3 months through the application of theory and practice with 20 native Papuan children. This service is carried out in the in the form of workshops, training, and mentoring, while the methods used are: (1) providing a handbook to be used during the activity which contains the materials that will be studied during the activity; (2) provide basic material; (3) provide training on vocabulary and grammar to measure the participants’ mastery of vocabulary and grammar. The expected results of this service are: (1) growing interest in indigenous Papuan children learning grammar and vocabulary in the language; (2) increasing knowledge of English vocabulary aand grammar of native Papuan children; (3) increasing English readings skills.

This article discusses political leadership with a focus on the meaning of political leadership, legitimacy, structure and function of political leadership and also political leadership succession in democratic countries. The research method uses literature study or literature review. And also in collecting data, we used the Library Research method in the form of (books) and Internet Searching in the form of articles relevant to the theme created as reference material for writers. Furthermore, the aim of writing is to explain the concept of political leadership comprehensively. By referring to political leadership theories, and also providing a better understanding of the phenomenon of political leadership. Even though there are limitations in references and knowledge, the author hopes for constructive feedback and suggestions from readers to improve quality. So the author hopes to provide benefits for readers in understanding more about political leadership and also our reflections if we want to become leaders in the future.

In education, choosing the right college major is crucial for students to achieve their academic and career potential. However, many students in Indonesia still choose majors that do not suit their interests and talents, which hurts their academic achievement and psychological well-being. This research aims to identify the impact of errors in choosing a major on students' academic achievement and psychological well-being. This research used quantitative methods with a cross-sectional design to collect data from 90 students who experienced a mismatch with their major. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The research showed that most respondents were dissatisfied with their academic results and often had difficulty understanding lecture material. Most respondents agreed that a mismatch between majors interests and talents can affect academic results, and they frequently feel stressed or depressed because of studying. In conclusion, mistakes in choosing a major can hurt students' academic achievement and psychological well-being. The government and educational institutions must develop more effective and relevant educational programs and provide academic counseling and guidance to help students overcome difficulties and improve their academic performance.

A number of studies related to the politics of criminal law in the Dfrat wetboek van straf recht (RKUHP) have increasingly tightened the state's grip on matters that de facto can be resolved by other types of law such as religion, decency and manners that already exist in society. At that point, efforts to think about the objectives of environmental and natural resource crimes in the RKUHP feel increasingly complicated to think about because this draft seems to be complicated and between various things, can consist of understandings, concepts, paradigms, which are related to and conflict with each other. another. This article uses normative legal research, the author obtains data from library materials which are usually called secondary data, which includes primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The author then studies and explores these legal materials and quotes theories or concepts from a number of literature, including books, journals, papers, newspapers or other written works related to the problem under study. This article explains that the position of the RKUHP regarding laws in the field of environment and natural resources is not yet clear, because the RKUHP does not expressly state its position regarding other laws. UU no. 10 of 2004 concerning the Preparation of Legislative Regulations also does not help provide answers because it does not recognize the general and specific designations or categories of laws as well as the requirements to fulfill these categories and this RKUHP is only able to absorb the criminal articles of each law. sectoral law, apart from other parts contained in the law. This means that the codification of this model consciously releases the historical and logical ties between the parts contained in each law.

The use of technology in the learning process can have a positive impact on the student's understanding process, but it also certainly has obstacles. Therefore,  it is necessary to explore how students view the use of technology in learning so that learning can be adjusted to their wishes. To find out, this study uses interview methods and data analysis using descriptive and qualitative methods. The results show that most students have a positive view of the integration of technology in learning and learning activities. Technology is considered to make it easier for students to find the material they want to learn and also make learning more efficient and interesting. Even so, students feel challenged and feel that with the existence of technology, there will be a gap between students that causes disparity and in limitations to technology ownership or internet access. In addition, students' preferences regarding the technology used vary greatly; some students prefer the use of technology in learning, such as videos or other interactive media.

The low understanding of mathematical concepts experienced by students also has an impact on students' ability to solve problems related to mathematics because the concepts taught by teachers are never found in everyday life. Therefore, a learning approach is needed that encourages students to construct their own mathematical concepts based on experiences that occur in everyday life. The research method used in this research is Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The data collection process includes collecting and analyzing every published article and book that discusses mathematical concepts and the application of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME). The journals used in this research are national and international journals indexed by SINTA and SCOPUS. Research findings show that the RME approach has an important role in improving students' ability to understand mathematical concepts in several materials at every level of education.