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The existence of problems Incompletion and weak achievement of students' learning at SMA Sint Louis Semarang is caused one only by the lack of attention of some students towards PAK learning material the research aims to: 1) To find out the use of the snowball throwing method has achieved completeness results in the Sint Lous High School students in the independent learning curriculum 2) To find out the influence of the aspect of independence on the use of the snowball throwing method on the learning achievement of the participants Sint Louis High School students in the independent learning curriculum 3) To find out the effectiveness of achievement learning using the snowball throwing method for class X Sint Louis High School Semarang in the Independent learning Curriculum. To get answers to these problems researchers used research methods quantitative experiments. By using independence instruments. The population in this research is all students in class X SMA Sint Louis Semarang. With the sample used being all students of class posttest The results obtained were the difference between the average pretest score of 40 and after the posttest the average was 95. Therefore, it is concluded that PAK learning in the independent curriculum using the snowball method throwing rocky modules is effective on the learning achievement of students class X SMA Sint Louis Semarang. Suggestions it is necessary to add other methods so that the learning process in class is not monotonous and is able to encourage student activity    

Penelitian ini membahas pentingnya pembelajaran mengenai perang proxy (proxy war) bagi taruna Korps Marinir di Akademi Angkatan Laut sebagai bekal dalam menghadapi ancaman pertahanan negara di masa depan. Perubahan makna istilah “perang” yang kini lebih sering dipahami sebagai sifat daripada sekadar tindakan, menunjukkan urgensi pemahaman baru di kalangan militer. Proxy war merupakan konfrontasi tidak langsung antara dua kekuatan melalui perantara untuk menghindari konflik langsung yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan fatal. Saat ini, Taruna Korps Marinir belum memperoleh pembelajaran khusus mengenai proxy war, sehingga materi ini sangat dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesiapan mereka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan konsep pembelajaran proxy war yang dapat diterapkan dalam kurikulum pendidikan taruna Korps Marinir, agar mereka memiliki bekal yang memadai untuk menjadi perwira TNI-AL yang mampu menghadapi berbagai ancaman pertahanan di masa depan. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan, meliputi pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner, wawancara, serta uji coba konsep pembelajaran yang dikembangkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi materi proxy war secara signifikan meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesiapan taruna dalam menghadapi skenario perang tidak langsung.

The existence of problems Incompletion and weak achievement of students' learning at SMA Sint Louis Semarang is caused one only by the lack of attention of some students towards PAK learning material the research aims to: 1) To find out the use of the snowball throwing method has achieved completeness results in the Sint Lous High School students in the independent learning curriculum 2) To find out the influence of the aspect of independence on the use of the snowball throwing method on the learning achievement of the participants Sint Louis High School students in the independent learning curriculum 3) To find out the effectiveness of achievement learning using the snowball throwing method for class X Sint Louis High School Semarang in the Independent learning Curriculum. To get answers to these problems researchers used research methods quantitative experiments. By using independence instruments. The population in this research is all students in class X SMA Sint Louis Semarang. With the sample used being all students of class posttest The results obtained were the difference between the average pretest score of 40 and after the posttest the average was 95. Therefore, it is concluded that PAK learning in the independent curriculum using the snowball method throwing rocky modules is effective on the learning achievement of students class X SMA Sint Louis Semarang. Suggestions it is necessary to add other methods so that the learning process in class is not monotonous and is able to encourage student activity    

Catholic Religious Education (CRE) plays a vital role in shaping students’ character, morality, and spirituality. However, traditional and monotonous teaching approaches often lead to passive student engagement and low motivation. This article explores the implementation of the Think Pair Share (TPS) method in CRE as an innovative, cooperative, and student-centered learning strategy. Utilizing a literature review method, this study analyzes various scholarly sources related to TPS and Catholic religious education. The findings indicate that the TPS method encourages students to think critically, engage in peer discussions, and confidently share ideas in class, thereby creating an active and inclusive learning environment. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of this method depends greatly on the teacher’s readiness in lesson planning, fostering a supportive classroom atmosphere, and providing constructive feedback. Adaptive and creative teaching strategies are essential to ensure that TPS is effectively and meaningfully applied within the context of CRE in the era of independent learning.

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalis tantangan literasi yang dihadapi oleh anak usia dini dalam kelompok B TK Negeri Handayani Tonala, khususnya dalam hal menulis dan mengenal huruf abjad kecil. Kesulitan dalam mengenal bentuk dan menulis huruf kecil berdampak pada perkembangan literasi awal anak yang merupakan fondasi bagi kemampuan membaca dan menulis lanjutkan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan tehnik pengumpulan data berupa obsevasi, serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa faktor utama kesulitas anak terletak pada kurangnya variasi media pembelajaran, metode mengajar yang belum menyenangkan, serta kurangnya latihan motorik halus.Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah penggunan pendekatan bermain dan media visual interaktif untuk mendukung pengenalan huruf dan keterampilan menulis anak usia dini.

The learning method is a systematic and orderly process carried out by teachers or educators in delivering material to their students. Through the learning method, it is expected that the teaching and learning process can run well. Thus, it is very important for an educator to know the methods in learning so that students feel more enthusiastic when participating in learning in the classroom. In addition, choosing the right method makes students not quickly feel bored or tired when participating in teaching and learning activities in the classroom. The purpose of writing this article is to find out how a teacher chooses a learning method. The method in this study is qualitative narrative, with data collected from the results of semi-structured interviews with a teacher. The results of this study indicate that there are 2 factors that a teacher can consider in choosing a learning method, namely internal and external factors. Internal factors include student characteristics, facilities and infrastructure, teacher experience and skills, and learning objectives. Then external factors include the curriculum and learning environment.

Lagu tidak hanya sebagai media hiburan tetapi juga sebagai sarana komunikasi yang mencerminkan emosi tekstual dan makna yang mendalam. Dalam konteks film, lagu digunakan sebagai original soundtrack (OST), memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan narasi dan mediasi emosional dari keadaan internal karakter. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis makna konseptual dan makna asosiatif dalam lirik lagu “Selalu Ada di Nadimu”, film animasi Jumbo. Lagu ini dipilih karena sangat puitis dan simbolis, dan diintegrasikan ke dalam tema film yang indah tentang cinta orang tua dan kekuatan batin. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif menggunakan teknik pembelajaran dokumen dan pendekatan dari aspek semantik berdasarkan pemahaman makna literal dan makna yang muncul dari pengalaman emosional dan budaya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan pentingnya 51 data penting konseptual, 14 asosiatif dan 5 lainnya yang memiliki makna keduanya, yang mencerminkan kedalaman pesan dan ikatan emosional. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa lirik lagu, khususnya dalam fungsi OST, memiliki potensi besar sebagai objek penelitian linguistik yang kompleks dan bermakna. Lagu dapat mencerminkan pengalaman internal manusia dan interpretasi media yang layak untuk analisis akademik.

This study aims to determine whether the problem solving method can improve critical thinking skills and motivation of class VII students at Mtsn 1 Kota Blitar. The researcher used a quantitative research method, using a control class and an experimental class. The study was conducted with 36 students in the control class and 38 students in the experimental class. The results of the T-Test on the critical thinking questionnaire showed that there was a significant difference between the problem solving learning model and students' critical thinking, this is evidenced by a significance value of 0.73. The decision of 0.73> 0.05 indicates that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, the results of the T-Test on the learning motivation questionnaire show that there is a significant difference between the problem solving learning model and students' learning motivation, this can be proven by a significance value of 0.001. The decision where 0.001> 0.05 indicates that H0 is rejected while Ha is accepted. The results of the T-Test on student learning outcomes obtained from the pre-test and post-test show that there is a significant influence between the problem solving learning model and student learning outcomes. This is proven by a significance value of 0.000. The decision where 0.000>0.05 indicates that H0 is rejected while Ha is accepted.

This research is motivated by the use of classical or traditional learning methods in the Diniyah Student Islamic Boarding School Tahfidzul Qur'an Al-Asy'ariyyah. The objectives of this study are: (1) Analyzing the application of the bandongan method in helping students understand the book of Fathul Qorib; (2) Evaluating the ability of students to understand the book of Fathul Qorib; (3) Identifying the supporting and inhibiting factors of the bandongan method. This descriptive qualitative research describes the learning of the book of Fathul Qorib in the Diniyah Madrasah, using interviews, observation, and documentation as data collection techniques. The results showed that: (1) The bandongan method is applied by means of the ustadz reading and translating the book of Fathul Qorib from Pegon to Javanese and Indonesian; (2) The ability of the santri is measured through discussion and written evaluation twice a year; (3) Supporting factors include motivation from ustadz and santri as well as the quality of the teacher, while inhibiting factors include lack of santri involvement, excessive repetition of material, and limited learning resources.

Islamic Religious Education (IRE) plays a crucial role in shaping the moral character of students at the elementary school level. However, learning methods used in IRE classrooms often remain conventional and teacher-centered, resulting in low student engagement and limited understanding of religious material. In response to the educational demands of the 21st century, a transformation in learning strategies is necessary. This study explores the implementation of active learning methods Card Sort, The Power of Two, and Snowballing as innovative approaches to revitalize IRE instruction. Using a qualitative descriptive method, data were gathered through classroom observations, in-depth interviews with teachers and students, and supporting documentation. The findings reveal that Card Sort enhances students’ ability to visually organize and connect religious concepts, The Power of Two facilitates deeper comprehension through peer discussion, and Snowballing promotes collaborative knowledge construction in stages. These methods contribute to a more interactive, student-centered, and meaningful learning process. Moreover, the integration of these strategies helps improve students' critical thinking, communication, and social-emotional skills while strengthening their internalization of Islamic values. Despite challenges such as instructional planning and classroom management, active learning techniques offer promising potential to transform IRE learning into a dynamic and participatory experience. The study provides practical recommendations for educators and school administrators to develop more effective and engaging IRE strategies.

This research was conducted at MAN 2 Karawang, focusing on the analysis of Al-Qur'an and Hadith learning, particularly regarding methods, facilities, as well as supporting and inhibiting factors. The location was chosen based on the school's commitment to developing flagship programs such as the Tahfidz Al-Qur'an (Qur'an memorization) and Rohis (Islamic Spiritual) mentoring, alongside the challenges faced in optimizing the memorization of Juz 30 and students' understanding of Arabic script. The research method used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that innovative methods such as Market Place Activity, Snowball Throwing, and Role Play proved effective in increasing student participation and comprehension. Facilities such as a large TV for Tahsin (Qur'an recitation improvement) and a Rohis room also served as key supporting factors. However, obstacles such as extreme weather and power outages occasionally disrupted the learning process. In conclusion, a combination of creative methods, adequate facilities, and teacher adaptability played a crucial role in the success of Al-Qur'an and Hadith learning at MAN 2 Karawang, although infrastructure improvements are needed to address technical challenges.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji seberapa efektivitas penggunaan aplikasi mobile berbasis Lumio by Smart dengan menggunakan model ppe di MA Darul Ulum Palang Raya. Dimana penelitian ini bertujuan juga membantu di sekolah tersebut untuk menerapkan media pembelajaran dalam proses pembelajaran untuk lebih mudah dipahami mencapai tujuan dan keinteraktifan antara guru dan siswa. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan melibatkan siswa MA kelas X di Darul Ulum Palangka Raya sebagai subjek penelitian. Data dikumpulkan melalui mempersiapkan produk media aplikasi mobile berbasis Lumio by Smart selanjutnya observasi, uji coba produk dan pengisian angket. Penelitian ini melibatkan siswa sebagai parsipan untuk mengukur sejauh mana keefektifan penggunaan aplikasi mobile berbasis Lumio by Smart.

Abstract. Language acquisition and learning are two fundamental processes in the development of individual language skills, where language acquisition occurs naturally from an early age through interaction with the environment, while language learning takes place in a structured manner through formal teaching methods. This article aims to analyze the principles of language learning, age differences in language learning, and supporting factors that influence the effectiveness of language acquisition. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a literature study approach, and data is obtained from academic journals, research articles, and relevant literature. The results of the study indicate that children are superior in language learning compared to adults, especially in terms of speed and flexibility in absorbing new languages. By understanding the dynamics of language acquisition and learning, teaching methods can be adjusted to increase the effectiveness of language acquisition. Abstrak. Pemerolehan dan pembelajaran bahasa merupakan dua proses fundamental dalam perkembangan kemampuan berbahasa individu, di mana pemerolehan bahasa terjadi secara alami sejak usia dini melalui interaksi dengan lingkungan, sedangkan pembelajaran bahasa berlangsung secara terstruktur melalui metode pengajaran formal. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis prinsip-prinsip pembelajaran bahasa, perbedaan usia dalam pembelajaran bahasa, serta faktor pendukung yang mempengaruhi efektivitas penguasaan bahasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka (library research), dan data diperoleh dari jurnal akademik, artikel penelitian, dan literatur yang relevan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa anak-anak lebih unggul dalam pembelajaran bahasa dibandingkan orang dewasa, terutama dalam aspek kecepatan dan fleksibilitas dalam menyerap bahasa baru. Dengan memahami dinamika pemerolehan dan pembelajaran bahasa, metode pengajaran dapat disesuaikan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas penguasaan bahasa.

Madrasah Aliyah Swasta Taman Pendidikan Islam Medan shows that learning Akidah Akhlak in class XI is still textual and has not encouraged active student participation. Teachers use more thematic books as the main source of learning without linking them to contextual phenomena that are close to students' lives. As a result, students have difficulty understanding the material, such as the topic of funeral prayers. This can be seen from the students' daily test scores which only reach an average of 45, far below the Minimum Completion Criteria set by the school, which is 75. The research method is quantitative, this method can be interpreted as a research method based on the philosophy of positivism, used to research certain populations or samples, sampling techniques are generally carried out randomly. The conclusion of this study shows the average posttest score of students who are given learning using the problem based learning method (experimental class). This shows that there is a difference between student learning outcomes in the subject of Akidah Akhlak in the experimental class when compared to the learning outcomes of Islamic Religious Education in the control class. Thus, the use of problem based learning methods in learning akidah akhlak is more effective than learning using conventional approaches in an effort to improve the learning outcomes of class XI students at Taman Pendidikan Islam Private Islamic Senior High School. So it can be concluded that there is an Influence of the Use of Problem Based Learning Methods on Improving Literacy Skills in the Subject of Akidah Akhlak in the Experimental Class with the Control Class at Taman Pendidikan Islam Private Islamic Senior High School.

Dunia pendidikan telah dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh pertumbuhan teknologi digital, khususnya upaya dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Tujuan dari kajian ini untuk efektivitas penggunaan media digital sebagai sarana untuk meningkatkan motivasi siswa sekolah dasar untuk belajar melalui metode literature review. Sebanyak 10 artikel ilmiah terbitan tahun 2020–2025 yang relevan dikaji secara mendalam menggunakan pendekatan naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media digital seperti E-LKPD, buku digital, video pembelajaran interaktif, aplikasi kuis edukatif, serta platform digital lainnya terbukti mampu membangun lingkungan belajar yang menarik, menyenangkan, dan partisipatif. Media tersebut meningkatkan partisipasi aktif, perhatian, dan semangat siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Selain itu, motivasi intrinsik dan ekstrinsik siswa mengalami peningkatan karena penyajian materi yang lebih visual, fleksibel, dan kontekstual. Namun demikian, tantangan masih ditemukan, terutama terkait keterbatasan infrastruktur dan kompetensi guru dalam mengintegrasikan teknologi. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini menitikberatkan betapa pentingnya pengembangan kemampuan guru, penyediaan fasilitas teknologi yang memadai, dan pengembangan media pembelajaran digital yang adaptif dan inovatif. Harapan dari kajian ini sebagai referensi dalam perumusan kebijakan pendidikan serta strategi pembelajaran yang relevan dengan kebutuhan generasi digital masa kini.

This study analyzes the effectiveness of dance learning methods at RA Fatipa on early childhood development. This descriptive qualitative study used classroom observations, interviews with teachers and principals, and documentation to collect data. The results showed that dance learning methods at RA Fatipa were effective in improving cognitive, physical-motor, social-emotional, creativity, and character aspects of children. However, limited facilities and infrastructure, teacher training needs, and parental support are obstacles. This study recommends improving facilities and infrastructure, ongoing training for teachers, and closer cooperation between schools and parents to optimize the benefits of dance learning for children's holistic development.

Anak tunarungu lebih mengandalkan penglihatan dalam menerima informasi, sehingga media pembelajaran berbasis visual sangat efektif, terutama untuk mata pelajaran abstrak seperti Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI). Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan penerapan media visual dalam pembelajaran PAI bagi anak tunarungu di SMALB B YAKUT Purwokerto. Menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan lapangan, penelitian ini menganalisis data melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan media visual dilakukan dalam tiga tahap: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Pada tahap perencanaan, guru mengidentifikasi kebutuhan siswa dan menyusun RPP yang memuat tujuan, materi, metode, serta media pembelajaran. Pada tahap pelaksanaan, guru memanfaatkan media visual seperti gambar ilustrasi untuk menjelaskan materi tata cara berwudu, sehingga membantu siswa memahami materi dengan lebih jelas dan visual. Evaluasi dilakukan secara menyeluruh, baik terhadap hasil belajar siswa maupun kesulitan guru. Evaluasi ini juga melibatkan rapat guru dengan kepala sekolah untuk menemukan solusi yang efektif. Penggunaan media visual harus disesuaikan dengan karakteristik anak, agar mereka mampu memvisualisasikan materi dengan baik dan meningkatkan pemahaman.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of various innovative learning models on improving student learning outcomes and mathematical skills at the junior high school and senior high school levels. The method used is a literarure study of previous research results that applied learning models such as the Flipped Classroom, Project-Based Learning (PjBL), Peer-Led Team Learning (PLTL), Discovery Learning, Mind Mapping, and other cooperative learning models. The analysis results indicate that these models generally have a positive impact on enhancing students' learning engagement, critical and creative thinking skills, numeracy skills, mathematical communication, and problem-solving abilities. These findings reinforce the urgency of adopting student-centred learning approaches based on higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). Therefore, it is recommended that teachers continue to develop the application of innovative learning models in accordance with the characteristics of students and supported by educational policies that encourage innovation and continuous training. This research is expected to serve as a reference for educators and policymakers in designing more effective and meaningful learning.   

Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) di era digital abad ke-21 menghadapi tantangan adaptasi teknologi, keterbatasan infrastruktur, dan metode konvensional. Diperlukan inovasi media pembelajaran interaktif untuk mengembangkan keterampilan abad ke-21 (berpikir kritis, kreativitas, komunikasi, kolaborasi) dalam pembelajaran Al-Qur'an Hadits, sembari mempertahankan nilai-nilai Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi literatur (library research) dengan menganalisis referensi dari Al-Qur'an, Hadits, jurnal ilmiah, dokumen kebijakan, dan buku. Data dikumpulkan melalui dokumentasi dan diolah melalui empat tahapan: pengumpulan, penyaringan, penyajian, dan verifikasi. Hasil dan Pembahasan ini menunjukkan Inovasi media pembelajaran Al-Qur'an Hadits di era digital mencakup e-book, aplikasi mobile (misalnya Learn Quran Tajwid, Muslim Pro), dan platform e-learning (seperti Lumio by Smart). Media efektif untuk keterampilan abad ke-21 meliputi animasi papan tulis, aplikasi literasi digital keislaman, dan model pembelajaran saintifik berbasis teknologi. Tantangan utama adalah keterbatasan infrastruktur dan pengembangan kurikulum yang relevan. Strategi yang diperlukan meliputi motivasi siswa, integrasi teknologi, penekanan nilai universal di sekolah; peran aktif orang tua di rumah; serta kemitraan masyarakat, kurikulum relevan, metode interaktif, pemanfaatan teknologi, dan pelatihan guru.

Pembelajaran matematika kelas II SDN Megamendung 03 Kecamatan Megamendung Kabupaten Bogor didominasi oleh guru dan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional. Hal ini menyebabkan proses pembelajaran di kelas menjadi tidak kondusif yang ditandai dengan siswa kehilangan minat belajar, kantuk dan hanya sedikit orang yang memperhatikan saat proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan memanfaatkan model pembelajaran Demonstrasi dengan 25 subjek penelitian. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap perbaikan mengenai materi pengurutan angka dan penjumlahan angka. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan guru mengalami peningkatan yang memuaskan, yang pada gilirannya meningkatkan partisipasi dan prestasi belajar siswa. Aktivitas siswa meningkat dari 70,66 pada siklus I dan 85 pada siklus II. Nilai ujian akhir siswa juga meningkat dari 60% pada siklus pertama menjadi 96% pada siklus kedua. Dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Demonstrasi, dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas II SDN Megamendunng 03, Kecamatan Megamendung, Kabupaten Bogor. Guru harus menerapkan model dan metode pembelajaran. Model Pembelajaran Demonstrasi dapat mendorong motivasi belajar, siswa aktif berpartisipasi dalam proses pembelajaran dan mudah mengingat pelajaran yang diajarkan oleh guru.