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This study is motivated by the decline in 21st century students' interest in learning caused by various factors, such as conventional learning methods that are not relevant to everyday life and lack of active involvement in the learning process. The research method used is a literature study or Library Research, by collecting data from various relevant literature sources. This study resulted in 3 important themes of findings, namely: 1. Flipped Classroom, 2. Mindfullness and emotional well-being, 3. Peer teaching. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the development of a dynamic system model that can increase the learning interest of 21st century learners.    

This activity aims to develop and advance religious education in the ability to write hijaiyah letters and increase children's love for the Koran at the Al Ikhlas Pakalongan Musholla. This service uses the PAR method, namely a method where the teacher gives special tasks so that students carry out activities by practicing. In an effort to optimize students' skills and also based on phenomena that occur in the local community in teaching the Qur'an. Students can also utilize their free time or free time with productive activities which are also useful for increasing their ability to write hijaiyah letters. This service activity produced several results, namely: increasing students' skills or expertise in writing the Koran, increasing knowledge of hijaiyah letters, and students being able to pronounce hijaiyah letters well. Learning hijaiyah letters is very important to maintain scientific truth, obey the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad and protect the language so that reading errors do not occur.

Young entrepreneurs in Karanglo Hamlet, Bantul, face difficulties in understanding and fulfilling tax obligations related to Income Tax Article 21 (PPh 21). This community service aims to increase their understanding of tax obligations, especially how to calculate Income Tax Article 21, through interactive approaches such as discussions and simulations of tax calculations. The socialization method was carried out for three days, namely on November 1-3, 2024, by involving the young generation who have businesses in the region as the main target. Before the activity, participants showed a low level of understanding of taxation, but after the socialization, there was a significant increase in their ability to understand and calculate Income Tax Article 21. This result emphasizes the importance of tax education to create a young generation that is tax-compliant and supports state revenue.

This community service aims to increase the competitiveness and visibility of Kedai Gading Serpong MSMEs through the creation of offline promotional media and the addition of locations on Google Maps. Within ± 2 months, the community service team provided promotional assistance in the form of banner redesign, menu creation, and location improvements on Google Maps. Through the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages, the program has succeeded in improving the professionalism and accessibility of store customers. As a result, the increase in visibility and attractiveness of the store can be seen through the installation of banners, menu posts, and the addition of locations on Google Maps. Kedai Gading Serpong positively welcomed this program, showing success in improving promotions and services. In conclusion, the combination of offline and digital promotion is effective in developing MSMEs in the era of fierce market competition.

The workshop "Digital Interpersonal Skills: Technology Meets Empathy," held in the Jagakarsa area, demonstrated success in enhancing participants' digital interpersonal communication abilities. The practical approach employed, along with the relevance of the material to participants' daily needs, facilitated their understanding and application of the skills taught. Additionally, the use of technology, such as social media for promotion and registration, effectively reached the intended audience, namely high school students active on digital platforms. However, challenges remain, particularly in maintaining participants' focus during simulation sessions. This issue is likely linked to the multitasking habits commonly observed among Generation Z. These findings highlight the need for greater emphasis on the importance of concentration in communication, both online and face-to-face.

Indonesia is a country rich in useful biodiversity, such as red galangal (Alpinia purpurata K.Schum). The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the compounds isolated from the red galangal rhizome is the beginning of a new innovation to implement the concept on plants. The content of 1,8 sineol and eugenol in it makes red galangal rhizome can be used as a fungicide on lettuce plants. The widespread use of chemical-based pesticides can harm farmers and the environment with repeated exposure and over a long period of time. So biofungicide innovation is needed that can support the concept of Green Chemistry. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of red galangal rhizome extract as a fungicide on lettuce plants, as well as to analyze and determine under what conditions the fungicide from red galangal rhizome extract is optimal in eradicating Rhizoctonia Solani fungus on lettuce plants. This research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 10 treatments. All data were tested for normality followed by homogeneity test and all data were found to be normally distributed and homogeneous. Data were analyzed with parametric statistical tests using one-way ANOVA tests and further tests using Tukey with an error rate of 10% to determine whether there was an effect of the treatment tested on the material. The results of this study indicate that red galangal rhizome extract is effective in eradicating Rhizoctonia Solani fungus on lettuce plants with an optimum concentration of 50%.

Paguyuban is an organization of togetherness in a particular social group. This paguyuban is a family welfare coach that strives not only to educate residents, but also to foster and build families in the mental, spiritual and physical material fields as well as improving the quality of food, clothing, shelter, health, and the environment. Paguyuban Kebon Manggis has so far had difficulty in filing data. Along with the development of the paguyuban kebon mangosteen, the amount of data produced by the paguyuban has also increased. This has an impact on the need for data storage. Therefore, the community service proposal team considered it necessary to provide an understanding of the use of NAS (Network Attached Storage) to make it easier for paguyuban members to manage the increasing data. NAS (Network Attached Storage) servers are built to serve the needs of data files that can be accessed via a local area network with the TCP/IP protocol. This activity was carried out in front of the members of Paguyuban Kebon Manggis which was designed in 2 sessions. The first material was the socialization of the introduction of NAS and the second material was about the implementation of the use of NAS (Network Attached Storage). This PKM activity uses presentation methods, application simulations, and direct practice for participants assisted by the team. Then to make it easier, examples are given and opportunities for questions and answers are opened for PKM participants.

Every human being will experience death, and will leave his property to his heirs. Indonesia adheres to three inheritance law systems, namely Islamic inheritance law, customary inheritance law, and western inheritance law (Burgerlijk Watboek). Customary inheritance law is a hereditary belief that regulates the distribution of wealth, both material and immaterial, to heirs. Toraja society adheres to a patrilineal system in its customary inheritance law, where inheritance rights are inherited through the male lineage. The Toraja traditional inheritance system has two main concepts, namely pa'tallang and pa'rinding. Pa'tallang Refers to the process of dividing inherited assets based on sacrifices made by the heirs during the testator's lifetime. The greater the sacrifice made, the greater the inheritance rights obtained. Meanwhile, pa'rinding is related to animal sacrifice during death ceremonies, which is also a determining factor in the distribution of inheritance. The results of the research show that adopted children who are recognized by custom can receive almost the same inheritance as their biological children, especially if the deceased person does not have biological children. In addition, biological children who do not participate in this ceremony may face serious consequences in terms of their inheritance rights, which can lead to reduced rights or even loss of inheritance rights altogether.  

This study examines the regulation of the Village Consultative Body's (BPD) oversight of village government and its implementation concerning development in Poto Village, Fatuleu Barat District, Kupang Regency. The research aims to analyze how the BPD performs its oversight function in accordance with applicable regulations, the challenges faced during implementation, and the impact of this oversight on the success of village development. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that while the BPD plays a strategic role in ensuring transparency and accountability within the village government, its implementation faces challenges such as limited understanding of regulations among BPD members and insufficient resources. This study recommends training for BPD members, improved communication between the BPD and village government, and strengthened regulations to support more effective and sustainable development.

Human trafficking is a serious crime that continues to evolve at both national and international levels. In Belu Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, human trafficking has become a major issue, particularly concerning the illegal trafficking of Indonesian migrant workers (IMWs). This research employs a juridical-empirical approach, using interviews and document studies as data collection techniques. The findings of this study reveal that: (1) The factors contributing to human trafficking in Belu Regency can be categorized into internal and external factors. Internal factors include the perpetrators' motivation to gain quick financial benefits without considering the consequences and the victims' poor economic conditions and lack of awareness of their rights. External factors encompass poverty, low levels of education, limited job opportunities, and weak law enforcement, which creates opportunities for the perpetrators. (2) The modus operandi of the perpetrators involves deception, such as promising high-paying jobs with good working conditions, which ultimately leads to the exploitation of victims. (3) Efforts to combat human trafficking involve preemptive, preventive, and repressive measures. Preemptive efforts include public awareness campaigns, preventive measures focus on monitoring illegal recruitment activities, and repressive measures involve law enforcement actions against the perpetrators.

This study explores the legal implications of regulations issued by the Indonesian Waqf Board (BWI) regarding the necessity of obtaining approval from the heirs of the waqif (donor) for changes in nazhir (waqf administrators) or waqf purposes when the waqif has passed away. It examines the alignment of these regulations with both positive law and Islamic law principles, highlighting potential challenges and contradictions. The study emphasizes the significance of ensuring effective waqf management while maintaining compliance with Islamic law's foundational principles, which assert that waqf assets are separated from personal ownership and cannot be sold, rented, or inherited. However, current BWI regulations require heirs' involvement, raising questions about their potential impact on the flexibility and independence of waqf governance. The research concludes that while involving heirs aims to safeguard waqf assets, it may also introduce unnecessary complexities, potentially hindering the optimal use of waqf resources for public benefit.

In general, products that are bought and sold in the capital market are company ownership rights and company debt statements. Buyers in the capital market can be individuals, institutions or organizations who are willing to set aside funds to invest in the capital market. In securities trading transactions in the capital market, there are two forms of legal protection, namely, preventive legal protection and repressive legal protection through Law Number 8 of 1995 concerning Capital Markets and the connection with the existence of BAPEPDAM (Capital Market Supervisory Agency) which has changed its name to Authority. Financial Services (OJK). However, in practice there are still crimes involved, one of which is cornering the market The cause of cornering the market in the capital market begins with widening stock spreads and increasing share price volatility. However, the Capital Market Law still has weaknesses in terms of handling practices in the form of cornering the market, so it is still considered inadequate. And can optimize the imposition of prison sentences on perpetrators of cornering the market in the capital market as has been implemented by the United States.

The advancement of information and communication technology has resulted in a lot of irregular, random and chaotic information outbursts. If the chaos of information in this digital era can be associated with chaos theory, then there will be a new perspective where chaos is not seen as something negative but something positive or positive chaos. By using a literature study, this study found the effect of positive chaos, namely an increase in digital literacy in society as a form of public awareness in receiving information. In addition, government and researcher efforts continue to be increased to develop digital literacy programs that must be in line with advances in information and communication technology.

This study aims to analyze the errors in the use of the numerals "er" and "liang" by class VII students of SMP Wahidin in the academic year 2023/2024. This study uses a qualitative research method with elicitation and interview techniques to describe the types of errors and factors causing errors made by class VII students of SMP Wahidin in the academic year 2023/2024. The results of the data analysis prove that students still make many mistakes in using the numerals "er" and "liang". The types of errors made by class VII students of SMP Wahidin when using the numerals "er" and "liang" consist of 178 selection errors, 80 sequencing errors, 4 addition errors and 2 subtraction errors. While the factors causing errors consist of mother tongue interference as many as 12 people, lack of discussion of the material as many as 2 people, Mandarin language learning strategies as many as 2 people and teachers who are not serious in teaching as many as 8 people.

This study aims to analyze the errors in the use of the numerals "er" and "liang" by class VII students of SMP Wahidin in the academic year 2023/2024. This study uses a qualitative research method with elicitation and interview techniques to describe the types of errors and factors causing errors made by class VII students of SMP Wahidin in the academic year 2023/2024. The results of the data analysis prove that students still make many mistakes in using the numerals "er" and "liang". The types of errors made by class VII students of SMP Wahidin when using the numerals "er" and "liang" consist of 178 selection errors, 80 sequencing errors, 4 addition errors and 2 subtraction errors. While the factors causing errors consist of mother tongue interference as many as 12 people, lack of discussion of the material as many as 2 people, Mandarin language learning strategies as many as 2 people and teachers who are not serious in teaching as many as 8 people.

The existence of a myth in a society is not only a story, the existence of a myth in a society can also shape moral values and norms for that society. The aim of this research is to find out the morals and behavior of the Sukau village community regarding the myth of the Naga Mas Lake Ranau. This research method is a qualitative descriptive method. This research uses literature study analysis theory, namely by collecting data by understanding and studying theories from various literature related to research. In conclusion, moral values and norms in society can be formed based on an incident or event that develops in a particular society. As happened in Sukau Village, the result of the presence of the golden dragon gave them restrictions on all their activities and the way they behaved, because there was a reciprocal relationship that occurred in all the behavior they carried out.

This study aims to apply the concept of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in addressing bullying, both verbal and non-verbal, at Zainul Hasan Genggong Islamic Boarding School. This research also examines the forms of implementing the PAI concept as a preventive measure against bullying, as well as the factors that support and hinder its implementation. The approach used in this study is qualitative with a case study design. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, involving various informants such as the boarding school leaders, counselors, and students. The results show that the PAI concept is implemented through the formation of noble character based on the teachings of the Qur'an and the Hadith of Prophet Muhammad SAW. The implementation of the PAI concept at Zainul Hasan Genggong Islamic Boarding School includes character development for students, improving social cohesion, fostering manners, providing educational punishments, rewards, and role modeling. Supporting factors include full support from the boarding school administration and involvement of student guardians, while challenges include resistance from some students toward behavior changes and limited resources. The study concludes that the implementation of the PAI concept has successfully created a safer and more conducive boarding school environment, reducing bullying practices among students.

This study examines the virtues of knowledge and the classification of education based on the perspectives of two prominent Islamic scholars, Al-Ghazali and Ibn Qayyim, grounded in the framework of the Qur'an and Hadith. Islam assigns a distinguished position to knowledge, as reflected in Qur'anic verses such as Al-Mujadilah 11, which promises elevated ranks for those who believe and possess knowledge, and the supplication for increased knowledge in Thaha 114. In Hadith, knowledge is likened to beneficial milk that must be shared with others. Al-Ghazali emphasizes the importance of knowledge as a path to happiness in both this world and the hereafter, while Ibn Qayyim highlights the role of knowledge in drawing closer to Allah and shaping a complete human character. This research employs a literature review method to explore the concepts of the virtues of knowledge and education in Islam through the perspectives of Al-Ghazali and Ibn Qayyim. The findings reveal that both scholars present complementary views on the value of knowledge as an act of worship that brings one closer to Allah SWT, while categorizing knowledge based on its benefits for individuals and society. This study underscores that seeking knowledge is an obligation for every Muslim and a path to paradise, as affirmed in the Qur'an and Hadith. These findings provide valuable contributions to the development of Islamic education, particularly in instilling the virtues of knowledge in modern educational curricula.

In essence, technology has become an inseparable part of children's lives today. However, inappropriate use of technology can impact their development. The technology that exists today has a big influence on the progress of a nation and for this reason the role of parents and educators must be to be able to encourage and provide control and supervision to children so that they do not become addicted to technology. because technology can expand knowledge through the internet and digital devices, increase creativity to be creative in developing skills and can facilitate learning. However, current technology can also have negative impacts, such as children becoming dependent and spending time in front of screens, social interactions and even children having more fun in front of the screen than playing in the surrounding environment. In today's sophisticated era, being free from gadgets is difficult. Because gadgets are a major need for children and parents, because they can be used to communicate and carry out other needs. The aim of this research is to describe or describe in full the impact of gadget use on the social behavior of young children. The method used in this research is a qualitative method that will allow us to explore and analyze more complex problems, understand the perspectives of various stakeholders, and gain a deeper understanding of the context of the influence of devices on a child. The research hopes that the results obtained can be used as a benchmark for parents and teachers in controlling children's use of technology.

Islamic education reached its peak during the Abbasid Dynasty, precisely from the eighth to the thirteenth centuries AD. This period is often referred to as the "Islamic Golden Age", during which Baghdad, the capital of the Abbasids, became the center of world knowledge and culture. The purpose of this study is to analyze the glory of Islamic education before the collapse of Baghdad, the factors that caused the collapse of Baghdad, and analyze the impact and efforts to revive Islamic education. The benefits of this article are expected to provide an in-depth understanding of the relationship between the collapse of the center of Islamic civilization and the decline of education, as well as provide relevant historical insights to rebuild the glory of Islamic education in modern times. The author uses a qualitative method with the type of library research, the main sources of data in this research are books and websites relevant to Islamic history, as well as scientific journal articles that discuss Islamic history from various perspectives, both published in national and international journals. The data obtained will be analyzed qualitatively with a descriptive approach to identify the main themes and gain a better understanding of the Decline of Islamic Education: An Analysis of the Impact of the Fall of Baghdad in 1258 AD. The fall of Baghdad in 1258 AD became one of the most tragic events in the history of Islamic civilization, especially in the field of education. The destruction of the city resulted in the loss of educational centers, such as Baitul Hikmah, as well as valuable manuscripts and scientific works. The disconnected scientific tradition and intellectual stagnation are a long-term impact felt by the Islamic world. After the fall of Baghdad, many scholars took an important role in efforts to revitalize Islamic education. They moved to new territories, bringing with them the science and scientific traditions of Baghdad.