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This study aims to examine the implementation of librarians' personal competencies within the framework of the 4B concept (Beauty, Brain, Behaviour, Brave) at the Regional Library of Tulungagung Regency. The 4B concept was initially popularized in the pageant world but has since evolved into an approach applicable to service-oriented professions, including librarianship. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, using in-depth interviews with three informants: the Head of the Library and Archives Service and two female librarians who also serve as division heads. The findings indicate that each element of the 4B concept is evidently manifested in the personal competencies of female librarians. The beauty aspect reflects not only physical appearance but also personal integrity and efforts to create an appealing service environment. Brain is demonstrated through mastery of knowledge and librarianship skills. Behaviour is reflected in professional attitudes, empathy, and work ethics in service interactions. Meanwhile, brave is embodied in the courage of female librarians to take on strategic roles, lead innovations, and face challenges in the public sphere. These findings reinforce the perspective that female librarians possess capabilities equal to their male counterparts in terms of professionalism and play an active role in challenging gender stereotypes in the library environment. This research contributes to the development of a humanistic and gender-equality-based librarian competency model.

This study aims to analyze the strategic role of Information Technology (IT) in improving operational efficiency within e-commerce companies in Indonesia. A literature review approach was employed by examining various scholarly sources, including accredited national journals and relevant books. The findings indicate that the implementation of IT such as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, Big Data Analytics, and Cloud Computing significantly accelerates business processes, reduces operational costs, and enhances data accuracy and service quality. E-commerce companies that integrate IT into their operations are shown to adapt more effectively to market dynamics and consumer preferences. The study concludes that the use of IT is not merely a supporting tool, but a key factor in creating competitive advantage. The implications of this research offer insights for e-commerce industry players and policymakers to continuously promote digital innovation in pursuit of efficiency and business sustainability.

This study uses the rhinoceros beetle as the main subject in creating realism painting art because of its unique shape and strong symbolism of courage and resilience. In addition to having aesthetic value, the rhinoceros beetle also plays an important role in the ecosystem as a decomposer of dead wood and contributes to maintaining environmental balance. On the other hand, the existence of the rhinoceros beetle has cultural value in Indonesian society, especially in myths and traditional symbols. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive approach, with the process of creating works involving visual studies and symbolic interpretations. A total of three paintings were created by highlighting the morphological details of the rhinoceros beetle realistically and inserting symbolic meanings in its visual composition. The results of the study indicate that the rhinoceros beetle can be a source of inspiration in fine art and function as an educational medium to increase public awareness of the importance of preserving local fauna, especially insect species that are often overlooked.

The Community Service Program (KKN) in Pematang Kasih Village, Pantai Cermin District, focused on the construction of owl houses (RUBUHA) as an environmentally friendly effort to control rice field rats. The background to this activity was the high level of rat infestation that was detrimental to local farmers' rice harvests and the excessive use of chemical pesticides, which had the potential to negatively impact human health and ecosystem balance. The research method used was descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through direct observation in agricultural fields, interviews with farmer groups, and documentation of the owl house construction process. The results showed that the village community responded positively to this program because the use of owls as natural predators was proven to be more effective in controlling the rat pest population while reducing dependence on chemical pesticides. In addition, this program also increased public awareness of the importance of ecologically based pest control and preserving biodiversity. With the owl houses built around rice fields, it is hoped that a sustainable agricultural pattern can be created that supports the welfare of farmers while preserving the environment.

This Community Service Program (KKN) was implemented as an effort to address the health and environmental risks associated with the use of chemical-based dishwashing soap. The program’s lack of knowledge and skills in making natural household products among women underpins the program’s implementation. The goal was to raise awareness and empower women through training in making environmentally friendly dishwashing soap. The program was conducted at the Women’s Witness Building and included outreach, demonstrations, hands-on practice, discussions, and the sharing of results. During the workshop, participants were taught how to make soap using simple ingredients such as baking soda, liquid soap, water, and the addition of glycerin, dyes, and fragrances. The results demonstrated high enthusiasm from the participants, reflected in their active involvement during the workshop and their understanding of the benefits of natural products. This activity not only improved the women’s skills but also encouraged a frugal, healthy, and environmentally conscious lifestyle.

Students, as agents of change, play a significant role in instilling Islamic values and tolerance in a diverse society. One of the ways to implement these values is through the Student Creativity Week, which involves various educational, innovative, and collaborative activities. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Student Creativity Week in realizing Islamic values and tolerance in Manik Maraja Village. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach, involving the community participatively in the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. The results show that the Student Creativity Week successfully enhanced religious understanding among the youth, strengthened social solidarity, and fostered an inclusive attitude among residents. This program proved to be effective in building harmonious relationships among villagers and creating a more tolerant environment. Therefore, the Student Creativity Week program can be a collaborative community service model, with potential to be replicated in other villages to achieve sustainable social harmony.

Counseling on Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) in schools is an important step in instilling the habit of maintaining personal hygiene from an early age. This Real Work Lecture program is carried out with the aim of increasing students' understanding and awareness of the importance of PHBS, especially through the habit of washing hands with soap and brushing their teeth in the right way. The activity took place at the Sait Buttu Saribu Village Development Private Junior High School, Pamatang Sidamanik District, Simalungun Regency, using counseling, demonstration, and direct practice methods. This program involved six students, two acted as presenters and four others as companions, as well as all grade IX students as participants. In addition to providing materials and practices, this activity also encourages active participation of students through question and answer sessions and discussions on the importance of maintaining personal health and the surrounding environment. With direct involvement, students not only understand theory, but are also able to apply clean and healthy behaviors in daily life. The results of the activity showed that students were able to re-practice the material given, including the stages of washing hands and brushing their teeth correctly. It is hoped that through this activity, students can implement PHBS in a sustainable manner at school and at home, as well as become an example in encouraging a healthy living culture in the surrounding environment. This program is also expected to make a positive contribution to improving the quality of public health in general through healthy living habits from school age.

This study explores the development and implementation of an Augmented Reality (AR)-based learning medium to enhance students’ understanding of tajwid at Madrasah Aliyah. The background of this research stems from the limited effectiveness of conventional teaching methods and the relatively low interest of students in learning tajwid. AR-based learning was chosen because it provides a more interactive and contextualized learning experience that actively engages learners. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which consists of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The participants were Madrasah Aliyah students selected as the experimental group. The findings reveal that the AR learning medium significantly improves students’ comprehension of tajwid rules compared to traditional learning approaches. Moreover, students reported high levels of satisfaction, noting that the media was engaging, user-friendly, and capable of visualizing abstract tajwid rules in a clear and accessible manner. In conclusion, integrating AR technology into Islamic education, particularly tajwid learning, holds great potential to improve learning quality while fostering students’ motivation to explore the subject more deeply.

The development of information technology has accelerated digitization in various sectors, including in the decision-making process. In the DayTrans Shuttle service, the selection of the best route is still done manually using Microsoft Excel. This process is time-consuming, inefficient, and has the potential to cause errors and subjectivity. The purpose of this study is to design and develop a web-based decision support system by applying the Weighted Product (WP) method to determine the most optimal shuttle route objectively and efficiently. The research data was obtained through interviews, observations, and literature studies, then analyzed according to system requirements. The development was carried out through the stages of requirements analysis, database and interface design, implementation, and testing. The developed system is equipped with features for managing criteria data, alternative routes, weight calculations, and real-time presentation of recommendation results. The research results show that the system functions well, is able to speed up the route selection process, and produces accurate and transparent recommendations. Thus, this system is expected to improve DayTrans' operational efficiency while supporting the quality of inter-city transportation services.

Modern industries require automation to enhance operational efficiency and productivity. This study designs and implements an automatic sorting system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) using a mini conveyor, ESP32 microcontroller, TCS3200 color sensor, servo motor, and the Blynk application. The system is designed to accurately detect object colors, sort objects based on color, and enable remote monitoring and control via mobile devices. Testing results indicate that the system can detect and sort objects with a high level of accuracy, although some errors occur due to changes in lighting conditions. The conveyor speed is consistently recorded at 0.335 m/s, while the system's response time, including color detection, servo movement, and application updates, operates within an optimal range. The Blynk application enhances the flexibility of real-time system control. This study demonstrates that IoT-based sorting systems can serve as an efficient solution to support industrial automation. Further development is recommended to improve color detection accuracy and expand the system's application in more complex industrial scenarios.

The verification and validation process for land application data at the Southwest Sumba Regency Land Office has been carried out manually, which often results in delays, data inconsistencies, and the potential for errors in decision-making. These problems impact the low efficiency of public services and the accuracy of managed data. Therefore, this study aims to develop a Decision Support Sistem (DSS) that can assist the verification and validation process for land application data sistematically, quickly, and objectively. This sistem is built using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method, which functions to determine the level of eligibility of an application based on several criteria, namely completeness of documents, land status, legality of ownership, suitability of applicant data, and dispute history. The sistem design process is carried out through several stages, including needs analysis, design, implementation, testing, and evaluation. The results show that the implementation of a SAW-based DSS can increase the efficiency of the verification process by up to 65%, and increase the accuracy of validation results by up to 90% compared to manual methods. This sistem provides automatic decision recommendations, thus assisting officers in assessing the eligibility of land applications in a transparent and consistent manner. Thus, this sistem has the potential to be an effective solution to support the digitalization of public services in the land sector in Southwest Sumba Regency.

The Web-Based Academic Service Management Information System at SMA Negeri 2 Kodi Utara was developed to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of academic data management at the school. Currently, academic data management, including grade input, class schedules, teacher information, and academic reports, is still done manually, often causing delays and potential errors in recording. This study aims to design and create a web-based information system that can assist educational institutions in managing academic services in an integrated and real-time manner. The software development method used is the Waterfall model, which includes the phases of needs analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. The programming language used is PHP with a MySQL database system. The result of this study is an academic management information system that can facilitate various academic activities, such as managing student data, teacher data, grades, class schedules, and academic reports. This system also makes it easier for teachers to input grades and provides fast and accurate access to academic information for students and the principal. With this system, the academic administration process at SMA Negeri 2 Kodi Utara becomes more organized, efficient, and transparent.

The Family Hope Program (PKH) is a conditional social assistance program provided by the government to improve the quality of life of underprivileged families through support in the education, health, and social welfare sectors. In its implementation, the process of determining PKH candidate recipients at the West Sumba Regency Social Service often experiences obstacles, especially with regard to objectivity, accuracy of targets, and limitations in complex data management. Thus, a decision support system (SPK) is needed that can assist the agency in selecting prospective recipients more effectively, efficiently, and on target. This study proposes the application of the Naive Bayes method in the development of SPK to determine PKH recipients. The Naive Bayes method was chosen because of its ability to classify data based on probability, and it can handle large volumes of data with a good degree of accuracy. The criteria applied in the classification include the level of household income, the number of members covered, the state of residence, the education of children, and the health of family members. The research process includes needs analysis, system design, data collection, application of Naive Bayes algorithms, and system testing. The findings of the study show that SPK based on Naive Bayes can provide recommendations for PKH recipients with better accuracy compared to manual methods. In addition, the system is able to improve transparency, fairness, and speed in the recipient selection procedure. With this system, it is hoped that the distribution of PKH in West Sumba Regency can be more orderly, balanced, and on target in accordance with the goals of government programs.

This research aims to develop a web-based e-learning application at Sekolah Dasar Masehi Tanggaba by applying the Waterfall software development model. The background of this study stems from the need for interactive, flexible, and easily accessible learning media in the digital era, considering that conventional face-to-face methods are still predominantly used in schools. The Waterfall model was chosen because it provides a systematic workflow through the stages of requirements analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. Data collection was carried out through observations, teacher interviews, and documentation studies to identify the actual needs of users.The results of this study produced an e-learning application with key features, including learning material management, interactive quizzes, discussion forums, and automated assessment. Teachers can upload structured materials and assignments, while students can access learning content, complete exercises, and interact through forums more flexibly. System testing was conducted using the black box method to ensure that each function runs according to user requirements and specifications. Based on the testing results, the application was proven to function properly, be practical to use, and effective in supporting the learning process. Teachers found it helpful in managing materials and assignments, while students experienced more independent and interactive learning that was not limited to the classroom. Therefore, the developed e-learning application can be considered valid, practical, and effective as a supporting learning medium in elementary schools and has the potential to improve learning quality in the digital era.

Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure reflects the extent to which a company communicates its overall responsibility for the impact of its activities in order to achieve business sustainability. This study aims to empirically examine the effect of firm size, firm age, profitability, and leverage on Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure. The research sample consists of energy sector and basic materials sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2022–2024 period that reported annual reports and sustainability reports using the GRI 2021 standards. The sampling method employed purposive sampling, resulting in a total of 33 companies with 99 observations. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the analysis results, it can be concluded that firm age and profitability have a positive effect on Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure. Firm size and leverage do not have an effect on Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure. This study provides empirical evidence for Legitimacy Theory in explaining how internal company factors, particularly firm age and profitability, affect Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure as a form of aligning corporate activities with prevailing values and norms as well as societal expectations to obtain and maintain social legitimacy.

The development of digital technology and the massive penetration of social media have transformed consumption patterns, particularly among younger generations. Excessive use of social media may lead to addictive behavior, which has the potential to trigger psychological anxiety such as fear of missing out, and ultimately encourage impulse buying behavior. Denpasar City, as a center of urbanization and consumption in Bali, serves as an appropriate location to examine this phenomenon, as its community tends to be consumptive and highly active in social media use. The purpose of this study is to explain the role of fear of missing out in mediating the effect of social media addiction on impulse buying. This study employs Uses and Gratifications (U&G) theory as the theoretical foundation, with a sample of 130 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire method. The study applied descriptive and inferential techniques, including Path Analysis, Classical Assumption Test, and Sobel Test. The findings reveal that fear of missing out mediates the effect of social media addiction on impulse buying. This study strengthens the understanding that social media not only influences social interaction but also shapes impulsive consumption behavior as a result of psychological pressure and exposure to digital content.

This study investigates the comparative effectiveness of three primary organizational structures—functional, product-based, and geographic—in facilitating global marketing strategies. Employing a qualitative methodology through in-depth case studies of six multinational corporations across the technology, pharmaceutical, and consumer goods sectors, the research highlights the nuanced interplay between organizational design and strategic marketing execution. Findings indicate that no single structure universally outperforms the others; rather, effectiveness is contingent upon specific contextual factors such as product complexity, market diversity, and the degree of global integration versus local responsiveness required. Functional structures tend to support centralized control and efficiency, while product-based structures enhance innovation and brand focus. Geographic structures, on the other hand, offer adaptability to regional market dynamics. The study underscores the importance of strategic alignment between organizational form and marketing objectives, suggesting that hybrid or flexible configurations may offer optimal outcomes in dynamic global environments. These insights provide actionable guidance for decision-makers in selecting or adapting organizational structures to better support international marketing efforts. Ultimately, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of how structural choices influence global competitiveness and responsiveness, offering a framework for organizational design that aligns with evolving market demands and strategic priorities.

This study investigates the simultaneous and individual effects of School-Based Management (SBM), principal supervision, transformational leadership, and work culture on the performance of junior high school teachers in Serang City, Indonesia. Against the backdrop of the Merdeka Curriculum and the shift to hybrid learning in the post-pandemic era, the research addresses persistent challenges such as hierarchical school cultures and technological disparities. Employing a quantitative ex post facto approach, data were collected from 316 teachers across public and private schools through structured questionnaires, classroom observations, and document analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis reveals that SBM, principal supervision, transformational leadership, and work culture each have significant and positive impacts on teacher performance, with transformational leadership and work culture exerting the most substantial influence. The results demonstrate that 74% of the variance in teacher performance can be explained by these four organizational factors, underscoring their critical role in shaping pedagogical competence, classroom management, and professional development. The study further highlights the necessity for comprehensive managerial training, the integration of technology in supervisory practices, and the cultivation of collaborative and innovative work cultures. Practical recommendations include enhancing principal leadership capacity, fostering instructional supervision, and investing in digital infrastructure to support sustainable improvements in teacher performance. The findings contribute to the body of knowledge on educational management in Indonesia and offer actionable insights for policymakers, school leaders, and educators aiming to strengthen teacher effectiveness amidst ongoing educational reforms and digital transformation.

The increasing demand for cloud computing services has led to the rapid expansion of cloud data centers, which consume significant amounts of energy and contribute substantially to global CO2 emissions. As the IT industry grows, the environmental impact of these data centers becomes an urgent concern. Green Cloud Computing (GCC) has emerged as a solution to mitigate this impact by focusing on energy efficiency and reducing carbon footprints while maintaining the necessary functionality and performance of cloud infrastructures. However, traditional blockchain consensus algorithms such as Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS) face limitations regarding energy consumption and scalability, which exacerbates the environmental burden. This study proposes a quantum-inspired blockchain consensus algorithm designed to optimize energy consumption and reduce latency in cloud data centers. By integrating quantum principles such as superposition and entanglement, the algorithm enhances task scheduling and resource utilization, enabling more energy-efficient operations without sacrificing performance. Simulations in a green cloud environment showed that the quantum-inspired algorithm resulted in up to a 30% reduction in energy usage compared to traditional consensus methods, with a 40% improvement in consensus processing time. These results suggest that quantum-inspired algorithms hold significant potential for enhancing the sustainability of cloud infrastructures by improving energy efficiency and scalability. Furthermore, this study discusses the feasibility of implementing quantum-inspired algorithms on classical hardware, addressing challenges in scalability and integration into existing blockchain frameworks. The findings provide valuable insights into the potential of quantum-inspired technologies to drive energy-efficient solutions in cloud computing.

The integration of Augmented Reality (AR) and Explainable AI (XAI) within Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) design is transforming the industrial automation landscape. This study explores how combining AR’s immersive visualization with XAI’s decision transparency enhances collaborative design processes in CPS. The AR-XAI platform developed in this research improves team collaboration by offering real-time visual feedback and enabling interactive decision-making. The platform provides interpretable insights into AI-driven decisions, fostering trust among engineers and decision-makers. Key features of the platform include the ability to visualize complex CPS models, facilitating faster iterations, reducing design errors, and improving design accuracy. The integration of XAI ensures transparency in decision-making by offering clear explanations of AI predictions, which is essential for ensuring accountability and building trust in automated systems. Testing with industrial engineers confirmed that the AR-XAI platform significantly improved design outcomes, with a reduction in errors and enhanced team performance compared to traditional design methods. Moreover, the platform enabled faster decision-making and improved collaboration across diverse teams, demonstrating its potential to optimize CPS design workflows. This research provides valuable insights into the role of AR and XAI in advancing Industry 4.0 and paves the way for more advanced integrations of these technologies in industrial settings. Future research should focus on developing scalable solutions for various industrial applications and exploring more sophisticated AR-XAI integrations for emerging fields like smart cities and autonomous manufacturing.