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Literacy skills in elementary schools play a crucial role in supporting students’ academic development and overall learning success. However, observations conducted at SDN 2 Demulih revealed that many students still experience difficulties in comprehending reading materials and retelling stories coherently and systematically. This study aims to enhance students’ literacy and language skills through the implementation of the retelling technique as an instructional strategy. A descriptive research approach employing the ADDIE development model was applied, consisting of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The program involved 21 students from grades IV–VI and utilized two audiovisual story media, namely “Independence” and “Bawang dan Kesuna.” The results indicate that the application of the retelling technique based on audiovisual media effectively improved students’ reading comprehension, learning activeness, and self-confidence in speaking activities. Students were able to reconstruct storylines accurately and express moral messages using their own words. Therefore, the retelling technique is proven to be an engaging, practical, and effective literacy learning strategy for elementary school students.

The rapid development of digital technology has increased the intensity of social media use among adolescents, particularly Instagram, leading to a decline in social interaction, low emotional regulation, and an increased tendency toward addictive behavior. Within the context of guidance and counseling, art possesses therapeutic potential, enabling students to express themselves and manage digital behaviors more adaptively. This study is a literature review analyzing seven selected scientific articles regarding the utilization of art in group counseling services. The analysis was conducted through data extraction of article characteristics, including research design, instruments, findings, and implications. The results indicate that art plays a significant role in supporting group dynamics, enhancing emotional regulation, and providing alternative activities capable of diverting students' attention from excessive Instagram use. Structured art activities also facilitate the development of self-awareness and self-control, thereby reducing the frequency of Instagram usage. These findings suggest that art-assisted group counseling is an effective and relevant strategy for guidance and counseling teachers to implement in addressing digital challenges within the school environment.

This study aims to describe the application of deep learning based tolerance values with a pedagogical approach in supporting classroom management in grade VI of SDN Beji 01 East Ungaran. The deep learning approach is understood as a pedagogical strategy that emphasizes the cognitive, affective, and social engagement of students through meaningful learning experiences. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of semi-structured interviews, observations, and documentation. The research subjects include grade VI teachers, principals, and students with diverse social and cultural backgrounds. The results of the study show that the application of tolerance values through deep learning strategies is able to create an inclusive, safe, and conducive classroom climate. The implementation is reflected through the practice of random seating arrangements, a culture of sharing learning media, deliberation in conflict resolution, fair study timing, and strengthening mutual respect between students. These findings confirm that the integration of deep learning-based tolerance values contributes significantly to the effectiveness of classroom management and the strengthening of the social character of elementary school students.

This research is motivated by the low level of discipline among elementary school students, characterized by non-compliance with rules, tardiness, and other negative behaviors, thus requiring the role of Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) as a strategic solution. This research aims to examine the role of PPKn learning in shaping the discipline of elementary school students through a library research approach. This research method uses a systematic and comprehensive library research method to assess the contribution of PPKn learning in forming the discipline of elementary school students (SD). The main focus is on national scientific sources in Indonesian and English languages from the period 2020-2025, with the aim of identifying patterns and strategies of PPKn learning towards improving student discipline in SD. The study results show that PPKn learning is effective in internalizing discipline values through habituation, teacher exemplification, continuous evaluation, and the use of innovative learning media such as educational videos. The involvement of teachers, schools, and parents is an important factor in supporting the formation of student discipline character, with strategies such as family collaboration and group supervision to overcome external challenges. This research provides a theoretical contribution as a basis for developing applicable PPKn learning strategies to form a disciplined generation in elementary schools. The implications of this study indicate that PPKn learning has a strategic role in shaping the discipline of elementary school students, thus requiring synergy between teachers, schools, and parents to optimize the internalization of character values in every learning activity.

This study aims to examine the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in transforming Buddhist Sunday School education at the Shimakalingga Temple in Jepara in the digital era. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The results show that AI technology is beginning to be utilized in the learning process, such as the use of interactive visual media, Dharma quiz applications, and digital platforms for distance learning. The use of AI has been proven to increase student interest and understanding of Buddhist teachings, as well as support more inclusive and adaptive learning. However, challenges remain, including limited resources, lack of teacher training, and the need for ethical guidelines for the use of AI in the context of religious education. This study concludes that AI plays a significant role in supporting the transformation of Buddhist education, but its use must remain balanced with spiritual values and the role of teachers as moral guides. Therefore, collaboration between the temple, educators, and technology is needed to create a sustainable learning system based on Dharma values.

In the era of globalization and digital transformation, organizations strive to maintain competitiveness through optimizing internal factors such as work culture, business process engineering (BPR), and decision support systems (DSS). This qualitative research based on a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) analyzes the relationship between these three using the Denison Organizational Culture Model, Hammer & Champy BPR, and the Resource-Based View (RBV). It finds that work culture mediates the implementation of BPR and DSS to increase efficiency by 30-50%, employee productivity, and sustainable competitive advantage. Case studies such as the Toyota Production System (TPS) confirm this synergy, resulting in reduced costs, cycle times, and improved service quality. This research also emphasizes the importance of a strong work culture in supporting the implementation of new technologies and methodologies, which in turn strengthens the company's market position. Thus, organizations that are able to integrate these three elements will be better prepared to face the challenges of globalization and dynamic changes in their industry, creating a sustainable advantage and being able to survive in a highly competitive market.

This study aims to analyze the role of innovation in enhancing the competitiveness of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Medan City. The research employs a qualitative approach through direct interviews with several MSME owners from various business sectors. The results reveal that innovation plays a significant role in strengthening business competitiveness through product development, digital marketing strategies, and improvements in production processes. Product innovation among MSMEs includes changes in design, quality enhancement, and product diversification based on market demand. Meanwhile, marketing innovation is achieved through the utilization of social media and digital platforms to expand market reach and improve customer engagement. However, MSME actors still face challenges such as limited capital, low digital literacy, and lack of access to training and mentorship. Therefore, collaboration between business actors, government, and supporting institutions is essential to build a sustainable innovation ecosystem that strengthens the competitiveness of MSMEs in the digital era.

This study conducts a Systematic Literature Review to examine the relationship between job enrichment, the Human Resource Information System, and work–life balance on organisational performance through the mediating role of innovative work behaviour, with a particular focus on medium-scale Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises. Drawing on Scopus-indexed publications from 2020 to 2025, the review identifies theoretical and empirical findings that highlight the importance of human resource practices and digital transformation in strengthening organisational innovation. The analysis reveals that job enrichment significantly enhances employee autonomy, engagement, and intrinsic motivation, which in turn fosters innovative work behaviour. Likewise, the Human Resource Information System contributes to performance improvement by increasing decision-making efficiency and supporting data-driven innovation processes. Meanwhile, work–life balance promotes creativity and reduces stress, thereby fostering an environment conducive to innovative thinking. Furthermore, innovative work behaviour is found to mediate the relationship between human resource practices and organisational performance by transforming individual innovation into collective organisational outcomes. These findings indicate that integrating the Human Resource Information System with job enrichment and work–life balance policies can substantially enhance the competitiveness and productivity of medium-scale Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises. This study contributes to theoretical advancement in innovation-oriented human resource management and offers practical implications for developing adaptive human resource systems to ensure sustainable business performance in the digital era.

This research aims to design and implement a village MSME website as a centralized digital promotional medium to overcome the limitations of conventional marketing and expand the market reach of local products more effectively and sustainably. The system was developed using the waterfall method, encompassing requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. The system was developed using the PHP programming language and the CodeIgniter framework based on the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture to ensure a structured, efficient, and maintainable development process. The implementation resulted in a responsive and user-friendly website equipped with key features such as an informative product catalog, village MSME profiles, and a content management system via an admin dashboard that allows MSMEs to update data independently and flexibly. Functional testing demonstrated that all features functioned well and reliably according to user needs. Therefore, this village MSME website can be concluded as an effective digital solution for increasing the visibility of local products, strengthening MSME competitiveness, and supporting village economic growth through sustainable and integrated online promotion.

The use of technology-based learning media, such as Smart TVs, has great potential in improving the quality of learning in elementary schools (SD). Smart TVs can support interactive learning, enrich teaching materials, and increase student learning motivation. However, in reality, many elementary schools still face limited supporting facilities so that their use is not optimal. This study analyzes the use of Smart TV in elementary schools with limited infrastructure, teacher readiness, and its impact on the learning process. The analysis method was carried out qualitatively through the study of school conditions, observations, and interviews with teachers. The results of the study show that the limitations of the internet network, the lack of supporting devices, and the lack of teacher training are the main factors that hinder the effectiveness of the use of Smart TVs. The impact of these limitations is the low integration of technology in learning, limited access to digital materials, and the suboptimal role of teachers as facilitators. Therefore, policy support from the government, improving school facilities, and teacher training programs are needed so that the use of Smart TVs can run optimally. The conclusion of the study emphasizes that Smart TV has the potential to become an innovative learning medium in elementary schools if supported by adequate infrastructure facilities and teacher competence in accordance with the demands of the digital era.

Advances in technology and social media have changed the way individuals obtain information and interact, especially in the context of global culture. BTS, a famous South Korean boy band, utilized social media to build a strong relationship with their fans, ARMY, through the campaign “Love Myself.” The campaign emphasized the importance of self-love and raised issues of mental health and violence. The campaign emphasized the importance of self-love and raised issues of mental health and violence. Through platforms such as Twitter and Instagram, BTS interacted directly with ARMY, who responded with significant support, including a 2.4 billion won donation to UNICEF. This interaction not only strengthened the online community but also helped boost fans' confidence. This research analyzes the impact of the “Love Myself” campaign on ARMY's engagement in social issues through social media. Furthermore, the resulting impact provides important insights into how celebrities and social media can influence broader social change. The campaign also reflects a shift in traditional ways of advocating and supporting social issues.

This study aims to describe the integration of environmental education into early childhood learning activities at TK Prawidya Dharma Demulih through the use of recycled waste as a creative and educational learning medium. The study was motivated by the low environmental awareness among children and the limited use of environmentally themed learning media in the institution. A qualitative descriptive approach was applied using the ADDIE development model, consisting of the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The findings reveal that employing a recycled-material spinner game enhanced children’s understanding of environmental cleanliness and encouraged environmentally responsible behavior through playful learning activities. The children showed strong enthusiasm, participated actively, and began to develop habits related to cleanliness after the learning sessions. Moreover, teachers gained new insights into designing innovative and functional learning media using discarded materials. Overall, the use of recycled waste as an educational tool proved effective in fostering environmental awareness while supporting creativity and meaningful learning experiences for early childhood learners..

This study aims to determine the effect of using number puzzle media on the ability to recognize number symbols in early childhood at Kihajar Dewantoro VI Kindergarten. The background of this study is based on the importance of concrete and interesting media in supporting early mathematics learning, especially the introduction of number symbols in children aged 4–5 years. The study used a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design through a comparison between conventional learning and learning using number puzzle media. Data were collected through observations of aspects of the ability to recognize number symbols and match numbers. The results showed that the average ability of children in conventional learning only reached a score of 6, while learning using number puzzle media increased significantly to a score of 13.1. These findings indicate that number puzzles can make children more focused, enthusiastic, and easier to understand number symbols in a concrete and meaningful way. Thus, number puzzle media is proven to be effective in improving the ability to recognize number symbols in early childhood and can be used as an alternative mathematics learning media in PAUD.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading infectious diseases causing morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. Limited public health literacy regarding TB symptoms, prevention, and treatment adherence contributes to delayed diagnosis and poor treatment outcomes. This community service program aimed to improve public understanding and awareness of TB through interactive educational activities conducted at the Outpatient Unit and TB Clinic of UPT Puskesmas DTP Saketi, Pandeglang Regency. The activities involved 30 participants, including TB patients and their families. Interactive counseling sessions, audiovisual media presentations, and group discussions were used to engage participants actively. Evaluation results showed a 35% increase in participants’ knowledge scores, greater awareness of the importance of completing treatment, and improved communication between patients and healthcare workers. The implementation of interactive education proved effective in enhancing TB health literacy and supporting national TB elimination efforts at the primary healthcare level.

Digital literacy is important in education in the era of Society 5.0, because teachers are required to be facilitators in supporting students to become digital learners. To support the success of students in becoming digital learners, the role of teachers in the use of technology during learning activities also contributes. The existence of these demands makes the use of virtual reality media in the learning environment an alternative that can be done to create learning activities that meet the demands in the Society 5.0 era. The purpose of this service activity is to improve the digital literacy of IGI Pekanbaru. as well as introduce virtual reality-based learning media as a renewable learning media innovation to support student learning activities in the digital era. In this service, the methods include presentation, demonstration, and practice. The results showed that teacher training in making VR learning media can improve their digital literacy. This training can also help teachers create interactive and interesting technology-based collaborative learning media for modern learning.

This study conducts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of 20 empirical and conceptual articles published between 2020 and 2025 to examine the influence of city branding on tourism interest and consumer behavior, with a particular focus on the city of Balikpapan. The synthesis reveals that city branding significantly shapes tourist perceptions through key elements such as destination image, brand identity, brand personality, and digital communication. Destination image consistently emerges as the primary mediator linking city branding to visit intention, while experiential and emotional branding further strengthen tourists’ cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses. The findings also highlight the growing importance of digital media and e-WOM in amplifying city branding strategies, especially in the post-pandemic tourism landscape. Despite strong branding potential rooted in cleanliness, safety, and Balikpapan’s strategic role as a supporting city for the new capital (IKN), gaps remain in digital branding, differentiation, and identity storytelling. The review emphasizes the need for more integrated, innovative, and data-driven branding approaches to enhance the city’s competitiveness and attract greater tourism engagement.

This study investigates the effectiveness of a multimodal approach in improving students’ English reading comprehension at SMPN 10 South Tangerang during the 2025/2026 academic year. Involving 42 eighth-grade students, the research aimed to determine whether integrating various modes of learning—such as text, images, audio, and video—could enhance reading comprehension more effectively than traditional text-based instruction. A pre-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design was used to measure students’ progress before and after the implementation of multimodal learning. Data were analyzed using a paired sample t-test to identify significant differences between the two tests. The results indicated a notable improvement, with the mean score increasing from 70.48 on the pre-test to 79.76 on the post-test, representing a gain of 9.28 points. The significance value (Sig. 2-tailed = 0.000) confirmed that the improvement was statistically meaningful. These findings demonstrate that multimodal instruction enhances comprehension by presenting information through multiple sensory channels, supporting diverse learning preferences, and creating a more engaging and interactive learning environment. The study concludes that the multimodal approach is an effective method for teaching reading comprehension in junior high school and recommends broader application in English classrooms to strengthen students’ motivation, understanding, and overall learning outcomes.

This study examines the bioethical and Sharia dilemmas arising from the production of slaughter-free meat through animal cell culture as a modern food innovation. Concerns regarding the halal status of the cell source, the use of culture media such as Foetal Bovine Serum, and ethical issues related to animal welfare necessitate an in-depth analysis of the halal status and moral implications of this technology. The research method employs a literature study with a descriptive qualitative approach, reviewing journals, books, and contemporary fatwas related to cultured meat, bioethics, and Islamic law. The results indicate that the Sharia aspect heavily depends on the cell source, the medium used, and the culture process, while the bioethical perspective highlights animal welfare, scientific transparency, and the moral responsibility of researchers. Furthermore, the acceptance among Muslim communities is significantly influenced by trust in halal certification bodies and the availability of transparent information. This study affirms the need for biotechnology-based halal standardization and the development of fully halal media and supporting materials to ensure the widespread acceptance of cultured meat in the future.

The development of digital technology has encouraged companies to adjust their marketing strategies, one of which is by utilizing social media. Shopee, as one of the largest e-commerce platforms in Indonesia, actively uses social media to expand its market reach, enhance its brand image, and attract consumers. This study aims to analyze how Shopee uses social media in its marketing strategy, focusing on the types of strategies used and their effectiveness in influencing consumers. The research method used is a Google form. The analysis is conducted by collecting questionnaire results from people who have filled it out and comparing them with other results. The results show that Shopee uses social media through various approaches, such as collaborating with influencers, creating creative content, and running interactive promotional campaigns on platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube. These strategies have proven effective in increasing brand awareness, building interactions with consumers, and encouraging customer loyalty and purchasing decisions. This study concludes that social media plays an important role in supporting the success of Shopee's marketing strategy. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for e-commerce companies and other businesses in developing effective digital marketing strategies.

The limited number of studies examining organizational communication patterns within technical government institutions a research gap, particularly in understanding how communication mechanisms are implemented by public relations units in technical based governmental organizations. This research aims to identify the communication patterns applied by the Public Relations Unit of the Geological Survey Center (PSG) in Bandung, as well as the supporting factors and challenges encountered in its implementations. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach wih data collected through interviews, observations, and literature review. The findings reveal that the organizational communication pattern operates in multiple directions using both formal communication channels, such as official letters and scheduled meetings through the Nadine system, and informal channels, including face-to-face interactions and digital messaging through WhatsApp. Supporting factors in the communication process include leadership support, a well-defined organizational structure, a collaborative work culture, and the availability of adequate communication facilities and media. However, several constraints remain, including technical and non-tehcnical challenges such as varying work priorities, inconsistents responses times, and unstable network connectivity during field activities.