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Education aims to improve the quality of human life which is technically through lectures. A good lecture produces a positive influence on students' ability. The interaction between lecturers and students in the class is an important role in achieving the goals. Linear Algebra is an important subject in the Mathematic. Many students think that Linear Algebra are difficult. Linear Algebra at the Faculty of Computer Science, Dharma AUB University of Surakarta have not been able to improve students' understanding of Linear Algebra concepts. Because of class that are centered on lecturers. Based on the description above, the author applies the TAPPS (Thinking Aloud Pair Problem Solving) cooperative learning model to increase concept understanding of Linear Algebra. Formulation of the problem in this research: "Is there an increase concept understanding of Linear Algebra after using the TAPPS learning model?". This research is a qualitative descriptive group with the type of Classroom Action Research. The data used are field notes and documentation. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there is an increase in understanding of the concept of Linear Algebra through the TAPPS (Thinking Aloud Pair Problem Solving) model.

This study aims to develop Problem-Based Learning (PBL) teaching materials for algebra content in Junior High School (SMP). The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The results of the study indicate that PBL-based teaching materials can improve students' understanding of algebraic concepts and critical thinking skills. The trial was conducted on eighth-grade students at SMP negeri 3 Depok, with results showing a significant increase in students' final test scores compared to before using the PBL-based teaching materials.    

The provisions requiring an Independent Worker to become a participant in the implementation of Public Housing Savings (Tapera) are felt to be inadequate/or unfair. If this continues to be forced, then at least 2 (two) problems will arise in the future, namely: First, how will the participation of Independent Workers continue. Second, whether the provisions requiring the participation of Independent Workers are in accordance with the principle of utility (utilitarianism) in law. The aim of the research is to contribute ideas to regulatory or policy makers regarding the implementation of Tapera. The research method chosen is normative legal research, which is related to doctrinal research or legal teachings by conducting literature reviews, through a legal philosophy approach with the thought framework of Jeremy Bentham (utilitarianism) and a legislative approach. The results of the assessment (thinking) are as follows: First, the continuity of Independent Worker participation will have a high risk of being resolved until the end. Second, Jeremy Bentham's principle of utilitarianism/benefit (happiness) justice is not implemented, considering the norm which requires Independent Workers to follow Tapera, it is felt that it is unfair in the event that Independent Workers already own a house (either by paying in installments, building their own house, getting a house from from gifts and inheritance).

The Problem-Based Learning (PBL) method is a popular approach in education that allows students to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills through solving real problems. PBL involves steps such as problem identification, research, and presentation of solutions, with a focus on students learning independently and in small groups. Although PBL is effective in improving student learning outcomes, there are challenges such as the need for teachers who are skilled in guiding students and longer time to solve problems. Characteristics of PBL include student-centered learning, teachers as facilitators, and problems as learning stimuli. The PBL strategy emphasizes the importance of starting learning with problems that are relevant to students' real lives and gives students great responsibility in their own learning process. The research method in this study uses qualitative research methods. The method used is library research.

The instructional design with a problem-solving approach is essential for enhancing students' Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in secondary education. The aim of this research is to develop an effective and measurable learning process that can improve students' HOTS through a problem-solving approach, with a particular focus on the topic of integrals, which students often find challenging. The research method used in this study is Instructional Design Development, which integrates student needs analysis, clear learning objectives, and the application of innovative and relevant instructional strategies. This research involves a comprehensive analysis of various theories and best practices in problem-based learning, as well as evaluating its effectiveness through classroom trials. The sources of information evaluated include academic journals, textbooks, and previous research reports, providing diversity and validity of data for analysis. This analysis includes the definition of HOTS, HOTS indicators investigated, and the strategies and methods commonly used in problem-solving learning. This research aims to provide a deeper understanding of how instructional design with problem-solving can enhance students' HOTS, particularly in understanding and mastering integral material. The results of this research are expected to significantly contribute to the development of more effective and efficient learning strategies, focusing on developing students' critical and creative thinking skills in education.

This research aims to determine the influence of the guided inquiry learning model assisted by Quizzizz on students' critical thinking abilities. This research is quantitative research with an experimental design. The data sources for this research include students in class The sampling technique in this research used a cluster sampling technique and a research sample of 70 students was obtained. The samples used in the research were 35 students in class X of the Accounting and Finance expertise program at Institution 1 as the experimental group and 35 students in class Data collection techniques using test methods and documentation methods. Data analysis in the form of prerequisite tests for this research is the normality test with Kolmogrov-Smirnov and the homogeneity test with Levene Statistics. Hypothesis testing in this study was the Independent Sample T-Test with a significant value of 0.05 with the help of the SPSS Version 27 program. The results of this study concluded that there was an influence of the guided inquiry learning model assisted by Quizzizz on students' critical thinking abilities. This is indicated by a significant value of 0.014 < 0.05.  

The aim of this research is to determine the development of rural sociology students' competence in analyzing village community life through the application of social inquiry learning methods. The research method applied in this study is the action research method. This research is included in the applied research category which integrates knowledge, research and action. This research explains the effectiveness of social inquiry learning methods in improving the analytical competence of rural sociology students. The social inquiry method, which emphasizes active student involvement through exploration and investigation of social phenomena, has proven effective in improving students' understanding, analytical skills and critical thinking abilities. Through applying this method, students not only understand rural sociology theory but are also able to apply it in empirical analysis. The implementation of this method in the form of action research shows a significant increase in student learning outcomes from the first cycle to the second cycle. The research results show that students who are involved in the social inquiry method are able to carry out a more in-depth analysis of social phenomena in rural areas, as well as showing increased cooperation skills and courage in discussions. This conclusion is supported by observation results which show an increase in the quality of learning and the results of student self-evaluation.      

This study examines the positive factors of Western culture that contribute to enhancing Islamic religious education. Western culture brings forth various influences that can positively impact the development of Islamic religious education. The study explores factors such as increased access to information, innovative educational approaches, critical thinking, and the promotion of pluralism and tolerance. These factors provide opportunities for Muslims to broaden their knowledge and deepen their understanding of Islamic teachings through wider access to information, engaging educational methods, and the development of critical thinking skills. Additionally, Western culture's emphasis on pluralism and tolerance can contribute to fostering a more inclusive and harmonious environment within Islamic religious education. By analyzing and utilizing these positive factors, Islamic religious education can be enriched and made more relevant in the context of contemporary challenges while upholding the core values of Islam.

This research aims to examine Hamka's views on neo-Sufism and understand how he views this phenomenon from a religious, social and intellectual perspective. Hamka, as one of the Islamic reformers in Indonesia, tried to harmonize the exoteric (natali) and esoteric (batini) aspects in his teachings. He offers a concept of Sufism that prioritizes cleanliness of the heart and seeks to synergize social and spiritual elements. This research uses a qualitative research design with a content analysis method. The data analyzed includes descriptions and opinions from books written by Hamka as well as discussions of thoughts written by them and others. Through this analysis, the researcher seeks to understand the complexity of the relationship between religious traditions and the challenges of modernity in Hamka's view of neo-Sufism. The results of the research show that Hamka criticizes certain aspects of neo-Sufism which he considers to be contrary to true Islamic teachings, such as mystical practices that have no basis in the Koran and Sunnah, as well as excessive emphasis on spiritual experiences without being based on solid religious knowledge. Hamka emphasized the importance of knowledge, education and spiritual guidance in achieving a correct understanding of Islam and the practice of Sufism in accordance with Islamic values. Hamka's views on neo-Sufism also reflect his concern about the social and cultural changes of his time. He offers active, dynamic and progressive Sufism as a solution to the spiritual crisis of modern humans. Hamka emphasized the need for stronger and more dynamic involvement in society, as well as maintaining a balance between worldly life and the afterlife. This research provides insight into the complexity of the relationship between religious traditions and the challenges of modernity within the framework of Hamka's thinking, as well as the importance of maintaining the integrity of Islamic teachings in facing the dynamics of changing times. The study of Hamka's views on neo-Sufism provides an important basis for understanding the religious and intellectual dynamics in contemporary Islam.    

This thesis aims to find out the contents of the Charismatic Leadership book: The Role, Thought & Life View of KH. Muntaha Wonosobo, knowing the thought of Islamic education from the perspective of KH. Muntaha al Hafidz, as well as knowing the impact of KH's thinking. Muntaha alHafiz. This research is qualitative research, where the type of research is library research with data collection techniques using documentation methods and online searches. Then, the data source was obtained from primary data derived from the Charismatic Leadership book: The Role, Thought & Life View of KH. Muntaha Wonosobo and secondary (thesis education books, articles, internet sites, and journals). The analysis techniques used are content analysis techniques, discourse analysis, and D&C (Devide and Conquer) analysis. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the Charismatic Leadership book contains the struggle of KH. Muntaha al Hafidz developed Islamic education with several strategies, namely the integration of general knowledge and religion, the establishment of formal educational institutions, and teaching methods that are made modern and relevant to this day. Islamic educational thought KH. Muntaha al Hafidz is with educational innovations that combine formal and non-formal education to be in harmony between imtaq (faith and taqwa) and science and technology (science and technology). While the impact of KH's thinking. Muntaha al Hafidz is that economic status increases, people are aware of the importance of education, the birth of professional groups, and make Islamic education integrated.

Mathematics learning is one of the lessons with abstract concepts that require students to solve problems on math problems in everyday life. In learning mathematics, educators can utilize applications or technology today as learning media such as mathway. Mathway application not only provides answers but provides a discussion of math problems in great detail. This study uses a literature review method that aims to investigate the effectiveness of using the Mathway application in learning mathematics. There are 6 national articles from google scholar that are relevant to the use of Mathway application in learning mathematics. The results of this study prove that the use of Mathway application is effective in learning mathematics because it can help students or teachers in understanding math learning. Mathway application is also effective on students' motivation, numeracy literacy, and critical thinking skills in learning mathematics.

The definition of Social Sciences (IPS) in Indonesia refers to the integrative study of human life in various dimensions of space and time and its activities. In the education sector, social studies refers to knowledge about the relationship between humans and their social environment. Character education, on the other hand, refers to a system of instilling character values ​​that includes the components of knowledge, awareness, and action to apply these values ​​in various contexts. The importance of character education in developing responsible, caring and empathetic individuals is emphasized in the culture and social environment concerned. The importance of integrated social studies includes several in-depth aspects, including a holistic understanding of the relationship between social science disciplines, development of critical and analytical thinking skills, development of social and emotional skills, and a broader understanding of human values, justice and democracy. Through various learning methods such as introduction to material, project-based learning, group discussions, case studies, simulations, and field visits, students can get to know integrated social studies well. After studying integrated social studies, students can show improvements in characteristics such as courtesy and responsibility. Through integrated social studies learning, students learn to respect cultural differences and be tolerant towards other people.

The Republic of Indonesia is a country that has various ethnic, cultural, racial, religious and linguistic diversity. This diversity is united by the existence of Pancasila. Pancasila is the basis of the Republic of Indonesia which was ratified on August 18 1945. Pancasila is the basis of the State, the result of culture and people's thinking which is used as a guideline for life in society, nation and state. Pancasila has noble values ​​which are reflected in the Pancasila principles. The results of the research show that students in the PPKN C 2022 Unimed environment have varying levels of understanding of the Fourth Principle of Pancasila. There may be variations in their knowledge and understanding of the values ​​contained in the Fourth Precept, such as human rights, social justice, equality, and unity. This research has important implications for the development of citizenship education within PPKN and Medan State University in general. Efforts to increase students' understanding of Pancasila values ​​can contribute to the formation of a more democratic and participatory attitude.  

Excessive thinking is often experienced from adolescence to adulthood. The term that is better known in English is overthingking. Overthinking is a behavior of thinking about something excessively. This habit can make a person reflect too much on what has happened in the past, worry about the future, and think about things that will not necessarily happen. This excessive thinking often occurs when we are experiencing a problem, and are doubtful about what we have done. There are several ways to overcome overthinking itself, one of which is by using Mindfulness Therapy. War in the mind can be interpreted as a condition of someone who thinks about conditions without finding a result that will take action. War in the mind is also known as overthinking, namely overthinking over and over again thinking about things that can take up a lot of time. The aim of this research is to present a complete picture of content. This research explains the content/message of a piece of content. Overthinking has a negative influence on a person's thinking. To fight in one's mind means to speak against oneself, and purely from one's thoughts.

In the industrial era 4.0 and advanced technology like today, teachers are faced with very tough challenges, especially PAI teachers, whose learning requires a clearer and more concrete picture. In this era, sources of information or learning are very easy to obtain, learning models and media are very innovative and formal education is required to produce quality students. This research is about how the independent learning program and its implementation in PAI learning for class X at SMA Darul Hikmah Burneh Bangkalan , aims to find out about the independent learning program and its implementation in PAI learning in increasing the critical thinking of class X students at SMA Darul Hikmah Burneh Bangkalan . This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with field study methods and data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the research on the implementation of the independent learning program in PAI class X at SMA Darul Hikmah Burneh Bangkalan , learning includes 3 aspects (intracurricular, co-curricular and extracurricular). With learning media using teaching modules, power points and computers.  

The aim of this research is to understand the approach to Islamic education that is applied, and to find out the similarities and differences in views about Islamic education from KH's point of view. Ahmad Dahlan and KH. Hasyim Asy'ari. Both are persuasive specialists in Islamic education. KH. Ahmad Dahlan and KH. Hasyim Asy'ari has been successful in terms of tracking training. Among his thoughts in the development of education are speculation, speculation, tadaruj and progress, which are still involved in direction in the field of education as a whole. It is hoped that this study can provide an overview of the aims of KH's thinking. Ahmad Dahlan and KH. Hasyim Asy'ari is concerned with the idea of ​​Islamic teaching and understands the importance of the idea of ​​Islamic education both for general education. The research technique that the author uses is subjective qualitative through examination by collecting information and collecting diaries, logical articles, books and related sources related to the exploration point. From the investigations that have been carried out, it is clear that there is a connection with KH's ideas. Ahmad Dahlan and KH. Hasyim Asy'ari regarding Islamic education with general teaching, which, among other things, is illustrated by comparing the idea that the fundamental object of education is humans. Where humans consist of several important components that are interconnected and cannot be separated.

The problem-based education model begins with posing a problem or posing a problem, focusing on disciplinary relationships, investigation, group collaboration, as well as creating work, demonstrating and solving the given case. This problem-based education is student-centered, where teachers only share a little data and students who want to be more active in solving problems. This problem-based education uses real (authentic) problems that are unstructured and open-ended as a context for students to improve their problem-solving and critical thinking skills, and at the same time build new knowledge. In contrast to conventional education where real problems are used as the implementation of concepts, problem-based education makes real problems a factor in students' learning process before they understand formal concepts. Keywords: Education, Based, Problems.

The purpose of the research was to find out the implementation of the indicators of critical thinking skills in the writing assignments of sixth-semester students in the English department. This analysis involved an in-depth understanding of writing structure, language choices, and students' ability to formulate arguments critically. The research proved useful for increasing knowledge about pedagogical writing and providing an in-depth analysis of students' writing assignments. This research was a quantitative descriptive analysis method research. The population of this research were all of the students in the Sixth semester of English Department UIN Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi year 2022/2023. According to the findings of the study, students showed inadequate critical thinking skills while creating 17 specific sub-indicators with scores below of 50%. It was found that students encountered difficulties when writing a thesis assignment. It means that the majority of students were unable to organize thoughts into thesis writing assignments.

Education is the main foundation in forming the character and intelligence of the nation's next generation. In Indonesia, Pancasila education has a very important role in directing students' moral and ethical development from an early age. Therefore, this research was conducted to analyze effective Pancasila education learning strategies for grade 1 SD/MI. This research is qualitative research that uses the literature review method with Google School as a database. Based on the literature review that has been carried out, it can be concluded that creative learning methods, such as stories, games and art activities, are very effective in increasing grade 1 SD/MI students' understanding of the values ​​of Pancasila. These methods not only make the learning process more interesting and enjoyable, but also help students internalize the values ​​taught, develop critical thinking and problem solving skills, and form character in accordance with the principles of Pancasila. The successful implementation of creative learning methods is very dependent on the role of the teacher, family support and the school environment. Therefore, joint efforts are needed from various parties to overcome challenges and maximize the potential for creative learning in Pancasila Education.

This research investigates the role of teachers in creating transformative education, with the aim of shaping the Golden Generation. The study utilizes a qualitative approach to explore various aspects of this process, focusing on the contributions of teachers in reshaping the educational landscape to meet the needs of future generations. The research methodology employed is qualitative descriptive, aiming to uncover new meanings, explain conditions, determine event frequencies, and categorize information. Data is collected through a literature review from various online sources such as books, journals, and relevant references. The findings of the research indicate that teachers are responsible not only for imparting knowledge but also for developing students' critical thinking, creativity, and adaptability skills. The study highlights the importance of innovative teaching methods, teacher professionalism, and educational ecosystem support in preparing students to face future challenges. As a preemptive step towards the Golden Generation, the research emphasizes continuous collaboration among educators, policymakers, and stakeholders to create an educational environment that fosters students' holistic development. The results of this research contribute to the discourse on educational transformation and provide guidance for pedagogical practices aligned with the aspirations of future generations.