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This study aims to develop the capacity of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) stakeholders in Badung Regency through training on processing dishes based on local food ingredients. Using a participatory training method which included counseling, demonstrations, hands-on practice, and mentoring. The study focused on improving technical skills as well as knowledge of hygiene standards and product marketing. The results showed an increase in the ability of MSME stakeholder to process local ingredients into innovative and appealing culinary products that meet market needs, while also strengthening sanitation and product quality aspects to make them more attractive to consumers. The participatory approach also encourages MSME stakeholders to actively contribute to the product development and marketing strategies, resulting in increased competitiveness and business sustainability. This study provided important contributions to MSME empowerment and the development of the local economy based on the potential of local natural resources.

Creativity and innovation are essential aspects in developing entrepreneurial skills among students, especially in the field of handicrafts that focus on creating high-value products. This community service program aims to enhance the creativity and skills of fourth-semester Business Administration students through training in making simple flower vases decorated with pearl and diamond mat ornaments using wax glue. The method applied is project-based learning combined with a participatory approach, actively involving students in every stage from planning, implementation, to product evaluation. The training results show significant improvements in knowledge about flower vases and product innovation (54.5%), ornament attachment techniques (74.0%), design creativity (63.5%), and product aesthetics (38.3%). Intensive mentoring during practice encouraged students to develop creative designs that are not only visually appealing but also have high market value. This program not only improves students’ technical skills and creativity but also fosters the entrepreneurial spirit necessary to face increasingly competitive market challenges. Visual documentation serves as an important medium for evaluation and promotion of innovative student products. In conclusion, this training effectively develops students’ creative and innovative potential while opening sustainable and environmentally friendly business opportunities based on handicrafts.

The livestock industry plays a strategic role in providing animal-based food, yet it continues to face challenges related to efficiency and sustainability. Issues such as land limitations, animal diseases, and feed price fluctuations demand innovative production systems. One emerging solution is digital livestock farming, which integrates information and communication technologies into livestock management. This study aims to examine the role of digital livestock farming in improving production efficiency through a literature review of scientific sources published between 2017 and 2024. Literature was gathered from electronic databases and analyzed using a descriptive-qualitative approach with thematic analysis. The findings reveal that technologies such as the Internet of Things, biometric sensors, big data, and artificial intelligence enhance feed efficiency, animal health, reproduction, and labor management. Moreover, these technologies improve animal welfare and reduce environmental impact. However, challenges such as low digital literacy, limited infrastructure, and insufficient policy support hinder implementation, especially in developing countries. This review highlights the need for cross-sector collaboration to support sustainable digital livestock adoption.

English language learning in vocational schools aims to provide students with language skills that can maximally support the competence of the specific field of expertise that students have. However, English teaching in many vocational schools, such as the Bali Medika Health Vocational School, is not designed as English for Specific Purposes (ESP), thus found to be insufficient to equip students to communicate using English in their target career. In addition, the teachers at this school revealed that it is difficult to find the kind of activities that can be organized to make learning English interesting and to choose material that is suitable to the needs of students as a future nurse assistant. Therefore, an innovative learning activity is needed to assist teachers in delivering teaching material that is suitable and relevant to the student’s target career. Learning through games such as word grouping and whispering was organized in the class to teach students the specialized nursing vocabulary. At the evaluation, students reported that learning nursing vocabulary through word-grouping and whispering activities was fun, and they could understand the material well. The learning activities helped them enrich their nursing vocabularies and they were very satisfied with the English learning in this program. Keywords: ESP, games, nursing vocabulary, word-grouping, whispering.

Phonological skills are a crucial foundation in early childhood language and literacy development. This study aims to explore the use of digital educational games as an interactive learning medium to improve young children's phonological abilities. A quasi-experimental method with a one-group pre-test and post-test design was applied. The participants were 4–5-year-old children enrolled in an early childhood education center in City X. Data were collected through observation sheets and phonological tests. The findings revealed a significant improvement in children's phonological skills after engaging with digital educational games regularly over a four-week period. The games were designed to train skills in sound discrimination, rhyme recognition, and syllable identification. These results imply that digital technology can serve as an innovative and effective tool to support phonological learning in an enjoyable manner during early childhood. The findings provide valuable insights for educators and application developers to design learning media appropriate to children's developmental stages.  

This study aims to determine the level of validity of Augmented Reality (AR)-based chemistry learning media using the Assemblr Edu platform on hydrocarbon material. This learning media was developed through the 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). Validation was carried out by three experts using an instrument in the form of a validation media sheet that includes aspects of content, visual appearance, interactivity, and suitability with learning objectives. The validation results showed that the developed learning media obtained a validity score of 96.39% and was included in the "very valid" category. This shows that the media is suitable for use in the chemistry learning process at the high school level, especially on the topic of hydrocarbons. With AR technology, this media is expected to improve students' conceptual understanding visually and interactively. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that this media is effective and valid as a means of supporting innovative modern chemistry learning.

Modern agriculture faces serious challenges such as climate change, soil degradation, and dependence on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which negatively impact the environment and human health. To support sustainable food security, innovative and environmentally friendly solutions are required. One promising alternative is the use of endophytic bacteria as biological agents to enhance plant growth without relying on synthetic chemicals. This study aims to examine the role of endophytic bacteria in organic farming systems through a combination of laboratory tests and field experiments. The research stages include isolation and identification of endophytic bacteria from plant tissues, testing the ability of the bacteria to support plant growth in vitro, and applying it to organic farmland to evaluate resistance to pests and crop yields. The independent variable in the study is the type of endophytic bacteria, while the dependent variables include plant growth rates, pest resistance, and crop productivity. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA, followed by post-hoc tests to determine the effectiveness of the treatments. The results showed that treatments with endophytic bacteria, both singular and combined, significantly improved vegetative growth, reduced pest attacks, and increased crop yields compared to the control. The combination of bacterial isolates proved to have a stronger synergistic effect than single treatments. These findings demonstrate the potential of endophytic bacteria as natural biofertilizers and biopesticides to support environmentally friendly organic farming.

The phenomenon of the Facebook group "Fantasi Sedarah" which was revealed in May 2025 has shaken Indonesian society and sparked deep concern, this case involving thousands of members revealed a network of sexual predators and pedophiles who use digital space as a place to share explicit content about incest and sexual violence against children. This study aims to analyze the responsiveness of public service officials in handling the case. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study method to analyze the complexity of the problem. The results of the study show that the response of various public service agencies such as the Police, Komdigi, KPAI, and the Ministry of PPPA demonstrate the state's commitment to implementing the welfare state principle in the context of digital security. However, handling is still hampered by various structural and operational obstacles. Limited human resources who have expertise in the field of cybercrime, technical capacity that is not yet optimal in dealing with rapid technological developments, and the complexity of digital regulations that still require harmonization between regulations are the main challenges in law enforcement. The research findings emphasize the urgency of strengthening structural coordination between institutions through the establishment of more solid cooperation protocols, increasing community digital literacy, and developing innovative surveillance technology that can proactively identify and counter dangerous content. Strategic recommendations include implementing periodic evaluations of the digital legal system to ensure responsiveness to technological developments, empowerment, and strengthening institutional capacity in dealing with cybercrime.

Sustainability and future governance play a crucial role in shaping urban planning and settlement development in Indonesia. As the country faces rapid urbanization, environmental degradation, and socio-economic inequalities, the integration of sustainable principles into governance frameworks becomes vital for achieving balanced urban growth. This paper examines the relationship between sustainability and future governance within the context of Indonesia's settlement planning, highlighting key challenges such as resource management, climate change adaptation, and the inclusion of local communities in decision-making processes. A sustainable approach to governance, combined with innovative urban planning strategies, can address issues like affordable housing, infrastructure resilience, and environmental preservation. The study emphasizes the need for participatory governance that involves multiple stakeholders, including local governments, private sectors, and civil society, to ensure a holistic and inclusive planning process. By aligning future governance models with sustainability goals, Indonesia can create livable, equitable, and resilient settlements that are capable of withstanding environmental and socio-economic challenges. The findings suggest that integrating sustainability into governance frameworks is essential for the long-term success of settlement planning, fostering environments that are not only sustainable but also adaptable to future needs.

. Freezing is a widely used preservation method to extend the shelf life of food, yet conventional freezing often produces large ice crystals that damage tissue structures and reduce product quality. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound-assisted freezing technology in improving the quality of frozen food. A literature review method was employed, focusing on scientific publications from 2015 to 2025. The results show that ultrasound application, particularly High-Intensity Ultrasound (HIUS), can accelerate the freezing rate by enhancing ice nucleation and improving heat transfer efficiency. The formation of smaller and more uniformly distributed ice crystals helps preserve the structural integrity of food and reduces water loss during thawing. The effectiveness of this technology varies depending on the type of food material, temperature, duration, and ultrasound intensity. In animal-based products, it helps maintain texture and color, while in plant-based materials, it preserves moisture content and firmness. However, excessively high intensity may pose a risk of protein denaturation, especially in sensitive materials such as fish. These findings suggest that ultrasound-assisted freezing is a promising innovative solution to improve both the quality and efficiency of the food freezing process.

In the era of digital transformation, technology plays a central role in shaping the future of education. This study explores the role of school principals as transformative leaders in promoting technology-based learning, particularly in the context of Indonesian schools. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with school principals, teachers, and education personnel from schools that have integrated technology into their teaching and learning processes. Secondary data were obtained from government policies, official school documents, and relevant literature. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key patterns related to leadership practices that support the adoption of educational technology. The findings reveal that effective principals act not only as visionaries and change agents but also as facilitators, mentors, and collaborators who foster inclusive and innovative school environments. They play a critical role in developing teachers’ digital competencies, ensuring adequate infrastructure, and building a positive digital culture. This study highlights the importance of strategic leadership in overcoming challenges such as limited resources and resistance to change. The results provide practical guidance for principals and policymakers to develop sustainable technology-based education programs and contribute to the global discourse on educational leadership in developing countries. Keywords: , , , , .

This study investigates the types of slang terms found in the movie Dope by classifying them based on their linguistic characteristics and communicative functions. Using Green’s (2002) Slang Theory, the research identifies and categorizes slang into five types: innovative, group-identifying, evasive, reactive, and playful slang. A qualitative descriptive method was applied, with data collected through documentation and analyzed by examining how each slang type is formed and used in context. The findings reveal that innovative slang was the most frequently used, illustrating the dynamic and creative nature of youth language. By focusing on linguistic structure and function rather than cultural context, this study provides insights into how slang operates as a form of informal communication within media. The analysis demonstrates that slang in Dope serves various linguistic purposes such as expressing identity, humor, secrecy, and emotional response, contributing to a broader understanding of informal language use in modern youth discourse.

The transformation of education in the digital age demands an integrative approach between spiritual strategies and learning technologies. This article combines the principles of Jesus' teaching according to Matthew 5–7 and the church's strategies in shaping responsible servant leaders with innovative learning approaches that strengthen the professional competencies of Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers. The research method used is a literature review of two relevant articles. The results indicate that the integration of spiritual disciplines (such as discipleship, prayer, obedience) and technological innovations (such as flipped learning, blended learning, and game-based learning) contributes to the improvement of contextual Christian education quality. PAK teachers act as agents of transformation to deliver meaningful learning, Christian character, and balanced technological mastery.

This study aims to examine how John G. Cawelti's classic detective formula is implemented in Holly Jackson's A Good Girl's Guide to Murder. Using a qualitative descriptive method, this research explores the narrative structure of the novel. The research focuses on how the elements of the formula constructively shape the events that are narrated. Data was collected through reading the novel and note-taking. For the findings, the novel follows the six structural stages outlined in John G. Cawelti (1976) theory: (1) introduction of the detective, (2)crime and clues, (3)investigation, (4)announcement of the solution, (5)explanation of the solution, and (6) denouement. The protagonist of the story is Pippa Fitz-Amobi, a high school student who investigates a long-closed murder case for her school project. The novel adapts classic concepts into a contemporary context through its unique role as a teenage detective. In addition, the conventional detective narrative becomes more innovative by incorporating multimedia formats such as interview transcripts, emails, and diaries. This study found that Jackson's novel successfully blends traditional genre standards with modern storytelling methods, providing a fresh detective experience while maintaining the core structure of classic mystery fiction.

This study is a literature review aimed at examining the effectiveness of the guided inquiry model based on STEM in enhancing students’ critical thinking skills. The guided inquiry model provides a structured framework for students to explore problems under teacher guidance, while the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) approach promotes interdisciplinary, contextual, and practical learning. Through an analysis of various relevant articles and scholarly journals, the findings indicate that the implementation of the guided inquiry model integrated with STEM consistently improves students' critical thinking abilities, particularly in areas such as analysis, evaluation, and reasoning. The study also highlights the crucial role of teachers as active facilitators in the learning process and the need for adequate resources to effectively apply this approach. The results of this review are expected to serve as a reference for educators and researchers in developing innovative and 21st-century-oriented learning strategies.

This study aims to examine how the Independent Curriculum is implemented in Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) learning at MA Syekh Subakir Nglegok. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the formulation of learning objectives and the use of learning media in the Independent Curriculum are able to encourage students to be actively involved, participate in contextual and meaningful learning activities, and face challenges that are in accordance with everyday life. In addition, the implementation of these learning objectives and media also supports student involvement in a more interesting, innovative, and contextual learning process. In other words, the implementation of the Independent Curriculum at MA Syekh Subakir Nglegok has been in line with the constructivism approach, which encourages the creation of a deeper and more meaningful learning experience for students. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the Independent Curriculum has made a positive contribution to the PPKn learning process at the school. These findings are expected to be a reference for educators, schools, and other stakeholders in improving the quality of the implementation of the Independent Curriculum and designing learning strategies that are more innovative and responsive to the needs of the times.

The video editing training using the CapCut application at SMA Plus Nurul Mubin aimed to enhance students' digital skills in line with the competency demands of today's creative industry era. The training was conducted through hands-on learning, involving direct practice in various video editing techniques, from basic to advanced levels. Evaluation results showed that participants experienced a significant improvement in video editing skills, although several technical obstacles such as device and application limitations were encountered. In general, the training was considered successful in enhancing creativity, technical abilities, and participants' readiness to produce innovative digital content. These findings support previous studies that emphasize the effectiveness of mobile application-based training in improving the competitiveness of the younger generation in the workforce. Through the optimal use of CapCut, participants are expected to be more adaptive to future developments in digital technology.

This research uses a qualitative method to examine effective marketing strategies implemented by Islamic banks in enhancing competitiveness in the digital era. Amid increasingly intense competition in the financial industry and rapid technological advancements, Islamic banks are required to adapt and utilize various digital platforms as marketing tools. This study focuses on analyzing digital marketing strategies such as the use of social media, mobile banking, and content marketing to build brand awareness and customer loyalty. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with Islamic banking practitioners and observation of their digital marketing activities. The findings reveal that integrating sharia values with digital technology creates a unique, relevant, and highly competitive marketing approach. Furthermore, the ability of Islamic banks to understand the needs of the millennial and Gen Z generations is a key factor in expanding their market share. Therefore, adaptive, innovative, and value-based marketing strategies are essential foundations for facing the digital era.

This activity is a form of community service aimed at enhancing students’ creativity and innovation through hands-on training in making aromatherapy candles based on entrepreneurial principles. In this program, students received direct guidance on the process of creating aromatherapy candles, including selecting materials, blending scents, and molding the final product. Beyond technical skills, students were introduced to basic entrepreneurial concepts to encourage creative and innovative thinking in developing valuable products. Through a practical and interactive approach, this activity successfully improved students’ creative skills and built their confidence in expressing new ideas. The results show an increase in students’ understanding of the importance of innovation in entrepreneurial endeavors. Overall, this program had a positive impact on shaping students’ entrepreneurial spirit and enhancing their ability to think creatively, serving as valuable preparation for future challenges.

This study aims to identify and analyze the strategies implemented by the head of administration in improving the quality of administrative services at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Laboratorium, Jambi City. Improving the quality of institutional administrative services aims to support the overall quality of the madrasah. Based on national education standards set by the Ministry of Education and Culture, good school quality must also be reflected in the aspect of administrative services. Therefore, the leadership role of the head of administration is very important in designing and implementing strategies that support the achievement of the institution's vision and goals. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach from an educational perspective. The main objectives of this study are to explore the process of strategic planning, implementation, strategy evaluation, and supporting and inhibiting factors in improving administrative services. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used include data reduction, data presentation, and verification, with data validity guaranteed through triangulation of sources, methods, and data. The results of the study indicate that the planning strategy used by the head of administration focuses on the principle of "the sooner the better," through friendly, innovative service, process simplification, service acceleration, and planning the use of ABK (Workload Analysis) guidelines. The strategy implementation is carried out in an integrated manner through regular meetings, active coordination with the head of the madrasah, the use of digital applications, and an effective work system. Evaluations are carried out daily by the head of the madrasah directly or online via WhatsApp, and using SWOT analysis to assess service progress. Supporting factors include staff training, open communication, and regular evaluations. Meanwhile, the main inhibiting factor is the shortage of administrative staff, which causes an excessive workload on the head of administration who also has teaching duties.