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This study aims to determine how learning motivation in adolescents whom single mothers raise. This research method used qualitative methods with a case study approach. The research respondents were three adolescent single mothers in Purworejo Regency who were selected using a purposive sampling technique with the provision of single mothers. The results of the descriptive analysis show that adolescents who were cared for by single mothers experience problems related to learning motivation. The specific problems experienced by the three respondents were motivation and interest in learning. The lack of a mother's role in providing learning motivation affects students' low motivation to study toward their learning achievement. Based on the research results, the three respondents have different characteristics. Respondents have a high curiosity for new things. The lack of curiosity in respondents with low curiosity is due to inhibiting factors that make respondents lack interest in learning. The high level of creativity in correcting failures and mastery of learning materials owned by the three respondents had an optimistic impact on the learning process and outcomes. The lack of sympathy from the closest people, especially the mother, made the respondents indifferent to the learning outcomes they achieved, so laziness and decreased interest in learning arose in the respondents. Lack of control over study hours makes respondents often ignore study time and choose to play on their gadgets, decreasing student learning scores/achievement.

This study aims to analyze the STEAM approach based on Busy Book media in increasing learning effectiveness. We will explore the effect of using Busy Books on students' conceptual understanding, learning motivation, critical thinking skills, and problem solving abilities. In addition, we will also identify the advantages and limitations of this approach. In this study, we will use a qualitative research method with a literature study approach. Literature study, also known as literature review or literature review, is a systematic process of gathering, evaluating, and analyzing literature sources that are relevant to a particular research topic. A literature study is conducted to gain a comprehensive understanding of previous research, existing thoughts and findings, and knowledge gaps that still need to be filled.      

Project-based learning encourages students to develop collaboration, communication, problem solving, critical, and creativity skills. This model is widely used at the level of educational units such as junior secondary education and upper secondary education and even higher education. The aim of this research is to capture the research landscape related to Project-Based Learning in high school. The method used is bibliometric analysis. The data is obtained from the enhanced Scopus database. The results showed that the number of publications related to Project-Based Learning in high school increased every year from 2017 to 2022. The highest number of documents were in Indonesia and the United States, the highest number of documents were in institutions or universities in Indonesia. The research focuses are 1) Problem-Based Learning and Student; 2) Project-Based Learning, e-learning and STEM; 3) high school and inquiry based discovery learning.

    The Purpose of this was to identify procedures and way to apply the problem based learning (PBL) model that could improve student achievement in class IV SDIT Mutiara Hati Ngargoyoso. Thys type research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). The research subjects were students in grade IV SDIT Mutiara Hati Ngargoyoso in the 2021/2022 academic year a total of 27 students. This research was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle cinsisted of four stages such a planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The research subjects were selected based on the result of the first semester test score. The result showed that class IV had a low-class average and mastery grade. Data collection technique used was descriptive which compared the test score in the first cycle with the test score in the second cycle. The success criterion for learning outcomes was the minimum score of 75 (KKM = 75) and minimum score of class was 85%. The result showed that there was an improvement in Civics learning outcomes in the initial conditions (initil ability test), cycle 1 and cycle II. On theinital ability test, the average value was only 77,44. In cycle 1, the average value has increased. The result was that the average score was 79,22 and students who got scores ≥ 75 are 24 students. Furthermore, in cycle II also experienced an increase. The result is that the average value became 85,11 and minimum score of class became 100%. Student who score ≥  75 were 27 students. Based on the results, it could be concluded that the implementation of the problem-based learninng (PBL)model can improve student achievement  in class IV SDIT Mutiara Hati Ngargoyoso. Keyword : Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model, Learning Achievement, Rights and Obligations

The low learning outcomes Indonesian in listening to students' fictional texts are caused by the ineffective learning model used to make students less interested in following learning. The purpose of this study is to improve Indonesian learning outcomes by listening to fictional texts of grade 4 students of SD Negeri Jetis 01 Sukoharjo. This study included a type of classroom action research that was carried out in as many as two cycles. The subjects of this study were 30 grade 4 students. Data collection techniques in this study by providing tests and observations. Technical tests are used to see the learning outcomes of students and observation to see the success of problem-based learning models used in listening skills to fiction texts. Technical data analysts use quantitative and qualilative analysis techniques. The results of the study in cycle 1 showed an average value of 77.76, while in cycle II the average was 85.39. Observation of students' listening skills during the learning process using the problem-based learning model is in a good category so the problem-based learning model is very effective in Indonesian learning, listening material to fictional texts.

The problem in this study is whether the use of rhetorical and figurative language styles in Ustad Maulana's da'wah at Islamic events is beautiful, and its implications for Indonesian learning in high school. The purpose of this study is to describe the rhetorical and figurative language style in Ustad Maulana's da'wah at Islamic events is beautiful, and its implications for Indonesian learning in high school. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The source of research data is the speech in Ustad Maulana's da'wah at the Islamic event was beautiful for the period 2015-2016. In this study, the data collection technique is the listen and record technique, and the sampling technique is purposive sampling (random). Based on the results of the overall analysis, the author concludes that the language style in Ustad Maulana's da'wah at the Islamic event is beautiful is a rhetorical language style including repetition, alliteration, apostrophe, asindeton, pleonasm, tautology, erothesis or rhetorical questions, prolepsis, correction, and hyperbole, then figurative language styles include equations or similes, metaphors, and allegories. The implications of language style on Indonesian language learning in high school are the learning material for grade XI students in odd semesters about analyzing content, structure, and language in lectures. Indonesian is also used in da'wah activities, both by ustadz and missionaries in Islam, as well as by evangelists in Christianity. Indonesian used to convey religious teachings and to communicate with people who do not know religion. The use of Indonesian in da'wah makes it easier for preachers to convey religious messages to the wider community. In addition, Indonesian is also used in mass media, such as television, radio, and newspapers to convey da'wah to the public.    

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in improving student learning outcomes in SMA. The research was conducted in two cycles at SMA Negeri 1 West Malacca. Data were obtained through observing learning activities, formative tests, and summarizing student scores. The results showed that there was a significant increase in cycle II compared to cycle I. The number of students who completed learning increased from 23 to 32 students, the average score of formative tests increased from 69.57 to 84.29, and the percentage of learning completeness increased. from 65.71 to 91.43. PBL implementation yields gains in increasing student participation, student-teacher interaction, student engagement, and overall student learning outcomes. Problem-based learning encourages students to engage in critical thinking, collaboration and discussion. The integration of relevant information sources also increases students' understanding of the subject matter. In conclusion, the application of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) significantly improves student learning outcomes and makes a positive contribution in the context of learning in SMA.  

This study aims to improve students' ability to write poetry creatively through the discovery-inquiry method for class VII students of SMPN 2 Marioriwawo. This research is a class action research (PTK) meaning class-based research in which the procedure is carried out with various actions (action research). Classroom action research can be defined as a part in the form of a reflective study by action actors, which is carried out to increase the rational ability of the actions taken and improve the conditions in which the learning practices are carried out. This classroom action research is intended to develop new skills or approaches to solving problems with direct application in schools. Classroom action research is also carried out thematically by following certain procedures or steps. This study uses a class action research design (CAR) with two cycles, namely the action process in cycle I and cycle II. In the first cycle aims to determine students' skills in creative writing poetry. While the results of the process research held in cycle II aimed to determine the level of students' abilities in writing poetry after making improvements in student teaching and learning activities. Cycle I aims to determine students' poetry creative writing skills, from cycle I it is used as a reflection to carry out cycle II. While the second cycle aims to find out the increase in students' poetry creative writing skills through the Discovery-Inquiry method after making improvements to the implementation of the teaching and learning process based on cycle I. Students' poetry creative writing test scores in cycle I reached an average of 56% of students in class or the class doesn't understand about creative poetry writing. The average results of cycle II tests reached an average of 75% for the number of students in the class or in the good category. The students' poetry test results from Cycle I to Cycle II increased by 19%. This increase was caused by the adaptability of students in cycle II with the discovery-inquiry learning method used by researchers.

The purpose of this study was to improve students' ability to write anecdotal texts using the Problem Based Learning model in class X IPA 1 MA Manongkoki Kab. Takalar. This type of research is class action research (Class Action Research) and consists of two cycles, with two cycles carried out in two sessions. Research methods include planning, implementation, action, observation and reflection. The research was conducted at MA Manongkoki, Kab. Takalar. The target of this study were 23 students of class X IPA 1 MA Manongkoki District. Studies show that the average increases from 67.47% in the first period to 84.43% in the second period. Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that the Problem Based Learning model increases in learning to write anecdotal texts.

Jombang State Vocational School is a vocational education institution which is a vehicle for preparing professionals through various fields of expertise, one of which is the Culinary Department which equips students with skills, knowledge and attitudes in the field of Catering. However, in practical learning, problems were found in the form of low interest and enthusiasm for learning from students so that during practice students did not understand the material being taught. From the problems that occur, a research is carried out with the title Implementation of the Project Based Learning Learning Model on the Skills of Making Petit Fours at SMK Negeri 2 Jombang Using True Experimental Design with Pre-test Post Test Control Group Design to find out the results of the skills of making petit fours on subjects pastry and bakery products in Class XI Catering at SMK Negeri 2 Jombang which gives independent sample t-test results of 0.000 which means H0 is accepted and Ha is rejected so as to improve practical skills for students in developing collaboration, communication, solving and management skills supported by results. Keywords: PjBL, Practice, Improvement, knowledge, skills

This article discusses the teacher's perception of Problem Based Learning to improve students' thinking skills. Critical thinking is something that every individual has in developing abilities. This model can be applied to increase student excellence in thinking to find a way out of a problem through direct experience and student knowledge. Problem Based Learning is a learning model that is given based on problems, where students are given a problem and asked to solve the problem critically. Researchers use descriptive qualitative because the information collected is in the form of verbal. Samples were taken from fifth grade elementary school teachers. This study states that students' ability to think in grade V elementary school increases by implementing PBL-based learning. Before using the PBL model in class V students, learning was too monotonous, lack of enthusiasm and passivity, and students also had difficulty understanding the material, less sharp dexterity of opinion, students' excess in thinking was less developed and less flexible. However, after using the PBL learning model, students' ability to think in class V is increasing in solving problems, students also become more responsive to the essence of the problem, students also become creative, active and critical and are increasingly able to find solutions to a problem, as well as students' thinking skills. growing and flexible.

This study aims to determine the use of audio-visual media in Problem-Based Learning to improve student learning outcomes in tenth grade SMA Negeri 2 Tondano using classroom action research as the research methodology. (1) Planning, (2) Action, (3) Observation, and (4) Reflection are the four major phases of a cycle. In data analysis, the1percentage of completed student1learning outcomes is utilized. The research result was derived from student learning outcomes using two cycles; in cycle I, the1percentage of classical completion was 44.44 percent and in cycle II, it was 55.55 percent. It became a reference for the subsequent cycle's follow-up. The classical percentage of completeness for cycle II was then 92.59 percent complete and 7.40 percent incomplete. This demonstrated that it followed the research indicator in a conventional manner. Therefore, it is unnecessary to follow the subsequent cycle. This study concludes that using problem-based learning audio-visual as a learning medium for virus materials is crucial for improving student learning outcomes among students in1class X at SMA Negeri 21Tondano.    

The challenges of the 21st century nursing world demand that nursing educators be able to prepare future nurses who can adapt to changes in the health care system, new technologies, changes in information systems (computerized), changes in pharmacological therapy, increased workload for nurses, increased infectious diseases in the community. , increasing cases of antibiotic-resistant infections, increasing aging population, and increasing number of chronic and co-morbid conditions (Aiken, Clarke, Cheung, Sloane, & Silber, 2003). Nurse educators are responsible for preparing graduates who can adapt to this rapidly changing health system. The simulation learning strategy is proposed as a suitable method to overcome this problem and can bridge the gap between education and clinical practice in hospitals. This literature search aims to analyze the results of related research that focuses on the effect of Simulation-Based Learning on the critical thinking of nursing students. This study was conducted using the review method of research results from 2010 – 2020 which have been published in electronic media such as ProQuest, Pubmed, and CINAHL. The number of journals obtained was 10 journals and 6 of them met the criteria. The conclusion of the research results obtained was that simulation is an interactive teaching-learning process, learning knowledge about critical care from a simulation of real patient situations, learning clinical skills and presenting holistic patient care by playing a role , and bridging the theory-practice gap to enhance critical thinking. In addition, simulations can hone critical thinking skills through feedback from simulators and monitor displays, develop communication skills through teamwork, and improve task delegation skills in complex situations.

Language validation aims to determine the accuracy of the use of language in the module. It is intended that the information to be conveyed by the module can be conveyed clearly to the reader. This research was conducted to determine the language validity of the PBL (Problem Based Learning) physics module on vector material to find out how appropriate it was for X grade students in high school. The method used in this research was a qualitative descriptive research method. By using a research procedure that was calculating the validation results obtained, then providing the criteria and categories of the percentage of the results of the assessment of the validity value. From the results of this study, the overall value of language validation was obtained, namely 81.25% with a very decent category.

From the results of interviews conducted with teachers in Catholic religious learning, there was a problem that class 12 students at SMA Tarakanita Magelang felt lazy and bored, only 42 students reached Standard of minimum 76. Can the storytelling method assisted by shadow puppets increase student motivation and achievement. Through quantitative research with observation instruments, questionnaires, questions and using the help of the SPSS application. The results obtained from this study indicate the effect of learning motivation in the form of student independence motivation given to the wayang kulit assisted storytelling method, namely an average score of 40 which is considered dominant for the results of student independence motivation, and the influence of learning independence obtained is also strengthened by student achievement where the experimental class got an average score of 86 while the control class used the tachered centered method where the teacher only read the material without only getting an average score of 78. The responses given by the experimental class also showed their interest in learning to use the wayang kulit assisted storytelling method as evidenced by the average score the average obtained was 41 for Catholic religious education lessons. Based on the results that have been obtained, it can be concluded that the use of wayang kulit-assisted storytelling methods influences learning motivation and in turn is effective in increasing student motivation and achievement in Catholic religious education lessons on Diversity Material as the Original Reality of Life at Tarakanita High School Magelang.

This study aims to describe efforts to improve teachers' ability to manage ICT-based learning. data collection tools using interviews, documentation, observation and literature review. Data analysis used descriptive qualitative analysis. Teachers are currently required to have the ability to carry out ICT-based learning. The obstacles faced by teachers in developing ICT-based learning include: the diverse conditions of students and factors of teaching experience, ability to operate learning media; the availability of school facilities is for teachers in implementing ICT-based learning. Teachers must be able to utilize information from the internet as well as teacher discussion forums as an effort to overcome problems in the preparation of a new ICT-based learning paradigm.

The background of writing this research is the result of observations during PPL 1 PPG pre-service that students' literacy skills are still low, especially in students' critical reasoning skills and literacy independence. Alternative learning as a solution is the application of the Problem Based Learning learning model assisted by Energy Cards. The purpose of this study is to describe learning literacy design, analyze process and result improvements, and determine the impact of implementing the Energy Card-assisted Problem Based Learning model. Data collection is carried out by test, observation, and documentation techniques. This research is a qualitative approach by looking for various theoretical descriptions, findings and other research materials obtained from reference materials to be used as a basis for activities. This study resulted in the percentage of students' critical reasoning ability and literacy independence with an average score of 85.8% (very good). The average student learning outcomes on the posttest were higher than the pretest with an increase of 20. The conclusion of this study is the design of learning literacy using the Energy Card-assisted Problem Based Learning model, the application of the Energy Card-assisted Problem Based Learning model is effective in improving student learning literacy skills, this study has an impact on students, teachers and schools.

The background for writing this is that based on the results of observations in class IV SDN Jatisari found problems including low reading interest due to the lack of availability of varied teaching resources for students. Then the learning model is still conventional. To overcome these problems, teachers can use the Flashcard-assisted Problem Based Learning model which can attract and facilitate student understanding both visually and in writing. The purpose of writing this is to describe the design of learning literacy, test the improvement of processes and results and find out the impact of implementing Problem Based Learning assisted by Flashcard media for fourth grade students at SDN Jatisari. Data collection techniques using tests, observation and documentation. The results of the percentage of students' independent literacy abilities show an average score of 85.25% (good) and critical reasoning abilities show a score of 86% (very good). For Pretest and Posttest learning outcomes there is an average increase of 19. The conclusion of this best practice is the design of learning literacy using Problem Based Learning assisted by Flashcards. The application of the Problem Based Learning model assisted by Flashcards is effective for the literacy skills of fourth grade students at SDN Jatisari Semarang. besides that this has an impact on writers, students, teachers and schools.

Lack of student learning motivation makes sociology teachers take motivational actions that must be adapted to their students. This study aims to look at the sociology efforts of teachers in motivating students' learning. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The data were collected using observation, interview and documentation techniques. Data were analyzed using data reduction techniques, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that sociology teachers in student learning use problem-based learning models that have been adapted to the learning desires of students in which they want to get grades and master learning material and prohibit their friends who have not mastered learning material and interactions occur between teachers and participants. teach in the classroom.

This study applies the Problem Based Learning learning model to Civics Subjects in Class VII.5 of SMP Negeri 10 Kendari to improve the student`s learning outcomes.. This research was carried out at SMP Negeri 10 Kendari which is addressed in the odd semester of 2022/2023 for two months, namely from August – September 2022.  The results of the research show that the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in Civics learning has been able to improve the problem solving skills of students in class VII.5 of SMP Negeri 10 Kendari. The percentage of achievement of learning objectives or completeness of students in the pre-cycle was only 54.83% (17 students), and in cycle I was 74.8% (21 students). In cycle II, the percentage of achievement of learning objectives or completeness of students increased to 77.8% (25 students).