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This study aims to analyze the dynamics of interfaith relations in Indonesia by integrating Social Identity Theory (SIT), Social Identity Complexity (SIC), and Pope Francis’ vision of synodality. The focus is directed toward understanding how social identity categories, overlapping identity structures, and the synodal vision of communion, participation, and mission enrich the paradigm of religious moderation in a plural society. This research employs a qualitative library research design using descriptive-analytical and content analysis techniques on identity theories, empirical findings on interfaith tolerance, and relevant Catholic Church documents. The analysis includes an exploration of the core concepts of SIT and SIC, a review of interfaith tolerance practices in Indonesian communities, and an examination of the pastoral significance of synodality as a dialogical approach. The findings indicate that religious moderation can flourish when religious communities have natural spaces of encounter, develop flexible identity intersections, and engage actively in mutual listening as emphasized in the Synod 2021–2024. In this context, synodality provides a theological and pastoral framework for cultivating inclusive, creative, and transformative interfaith relations, allowing each religious tradition to express its uniqueness while fostering fraternal harmony.

This study examines the effectiveness of digital storytelling in enhancing the speaking skills of secondary EFL learners. The research responds to persistent challenges in speaking instruction, particularly students’ limited fluency, low confidence, and insufficient exposure to meaningful communicative tasks. Using a mixed methods design, the study involved an eight week intervention in which students created scripted digital stories through narration, multimedia editing, and collaborative production. Quantitative data were collected through pre-test and post-test assessments measuring fluency, pronunciation, vocabulary, and coherence, while qualitative data were obtained through observations, interviews, and student reflections. The findings reveal substantial improvements in speaking performance, especially in fluency and coherence, accompanied by increased engagement, reduced speaking anxiety, and heightened self awareness during the storytelling process. These results highlight that digital storytelling provides repeated oral practice and authentic communicative opportunities that support learners’ linguistic and affective development. The study offers implications for English teachers and curriculum designers by demonstrating that technology supported narrative tasks can be integrated into regular instruction to foster more interactive, creative, and student centered speaking learning environments.

This study analyzes motor vehicle tax (PKB) compliance at the Binjai SAMSAT Office (2020–2024) using a quantitative descriptive approach. Significant fluctuations were detected: a drastic decrease in 2023 (83.98%) and a sharp increase in 2024 (167.91%). Service quality and taxpayer awareness have a positive effect on compliance. However, the tax amnesty policy and the effectiveness of fines have complex impacts and are strongly suspected of causing late payments and reducing the deterrent effect. The decrease in compliance in 2023 is thought to be related to the tax amnesty policy, which reduces incentives to pay on time. Conversely, the surge in compliance in 2024 can be explained as a response to improved services and a more intensive tax awareness campaign. While tax amnesty may help increase revenue in the short term, this study highlights the importance of consistent enforcement of sanctions to maintain long-term payment discipline. Recommendations include improving services, improving tax education, and evaluating fines and the tax amnesty policy. This research also emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of the impact of amnesty policies on tax compliance patterns, as well as the crucial role of public awareness in increasing compliance with tax obligations. By utilizing empirical data, this study provides valuable insights for future tax policy improvements.  

This research is motivated by the widespread use of non-standard Indonesian on social media, which has resulted in low public awareness of the importance of implementing Indonesian according to the rules.The purpose of this study is to analyze Instagram users’ awareness of using standard Indonesian words and to assess the effectiveness of language coaching through social media. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach, where data were collected through polls using the Instagram Story feature, observation of uploaded content, and analysis of audience interactions between account managers and followers. The findings show that most social media users still tend to use nonstandard word forms in daily communication. However, after receiving coaching through educational content, there was a significant improvement in understanding and applying standard word forms. This study concludes that Instagram can serve as an effective and engaging medium for language development, as it can reach diverse audiences and encourage users to be more aware, responsible, and wise in using proper Indonesian according to the norms of the Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) and the Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia (PUEBI).

Modern education focuses not only on sharing knowledge but also plays a crucial role in shaping students' character and ethics. This study explores the role of ethics as the foundation of teacher-student relationships, the moral challenges of the digital age, and character education strategies as solutions. Using literature review and conceptual analysis, the study found that values ​​such as honesty, responsibility, politeness, and mutual respect are key to creating harmonious interactions in the learning environment. On the other hand, technological advances and cultural changes present challenges in the form of decreased empathy and the misuse of social media. Therefore, character education based on teacher role models, collaboration, and humanistic discipline needs to be developed. The study's findings emphasize the importance of balancing digital advancements with moral development in realizing ethical and civilized education. The study also reveals that, despite significant challenges facing educators in the digital age, they can utilize technology to support better character formation through an educational model that emphasizes ethics. The role of families and communities is also crucial in supporting this character education, fostering synergy between all parties in creating a generation with noble character.

This community service program aims to describe the implementation and impact of “Persekutuan Hamba Tuhan,” a diaconal initiative conducted by GBI Jemaat Kasih Surabaya to support 80 pastors serving in small congregations around the M3 area of Surabaya. The background of the program stems from ongoing socioeconomic challenges affecting church ministers in the post-pandemic period, particularly those serving in churches with limited resources and unstable financial support. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through observation of the program activities, documentation of the distribution process, and testimonies from both recipients and church members. The results show three major outcomes. First, the distribution of food packages and basic daily necessities significantly reduced the economic burden of the participating pastors, providing a sense of relief and stability for their households. Second, the program strengthened congregational solidarity, as more than fifty church members actively engaged in fundraising, packaging, and direct service, building a stronger culture of compassion and shared responsibility. Third, the fellowship activities—consisting of worship, preaching, prayer, and personal encouragement—provided emotional and spiritual strengthening that renewed the pastors’ motivation and confidence in their ministry. Overall, this program demonstrates that integrated diaconal service combining material aid, spiritual encouragement, and relational support can offer meaningful impact for vulnerable church ministers. The findings also highlight the potential of this model to be replicated in other church settings as a holistic, community-based ministry approach. It is recommended that future programs expand coverage, incorporate long-term follow-up, and explore empowerment components to enhance sustainable impact.

This study aims to determine the effect of price and promotion on purchasing decisions for Aguen brand Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK). The method used is quantitative descriptive research with SPSS 26 analysis of 96 respondents. The results of the study indicate that the price variable (X1) has a significant effect on purchasing decisions (Y), with a calculated t value of 9.360 and significance (0.00<0.05). Likewise, the promotion variable (X2) has a significant effect on purchasing decisions (Y) with a calculated t value of 6.085 and significance (0.00<0.05). Simultaneously, price (X1) and promotion (X2) also have a significant effect on purchasing decisions (Y), with a calculated F value of 107.470 and significance (0.00<0.05). The coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.698 indicates that 69.8% of the variation in purchasing decisions can be explained by price and promotion factors, while the remaining 30.2% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study.

Inclusive policies are a must in governance, especially at the village level that deals directly with indigenous communities. Formal recognition of customary law in the determination of village boundaries under the national legal framework is crucial to create agrarian justice and legal certainty; Its relevance focuses on the importance of local wisdom accommodation and the structure of indigenous peoples as legal subjects entitled to their territories; The final goal of this study is to formulate a model of harmonization of positive law and customary law for the determination of participatory and equitable village boundaries; The main legal basis includes the 1945 Constitution Article 18B Paragraph (2) and Law (UU) Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages; and Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 45 of 2016 concerning Guidelines for the Determination and Affirmation of Village Boundaries. This research uses a normative juridical method with a legislative and conceptual approach; The conflict resolution offered is through a consensus deliberation mechanism facilitated by the local government while still upholding the rights of indigenous peoples.  

Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) have great potential as centers for community-based economic empowerment, but the entrepreneurial mindset of students is often not optimally developed. This community service program aims to improve the entrepreneurial mindset of students at Al-Inayah Islamic Boarding School through experience-based training and intensive mentoring. The methods used include a participatory approach, interactive training, practical training on organic fertilizer production, strengthening Islamic entrepreneurial values, and mentoring in developing business ideas. This activity was attended by 30 students and evaluated using pre- and post-training instruments. The results showed a 36% increase in entrepreneurial mindset scores, accompanied by significant developments in creativity, risk-taking, and the ability to recognize market opportunities. The program also produced three initial business groups: organic fertilizer processing, agricultural product marketing, and agricultural equipment rental services, which serve as initial steps towards the economic independence of the Islamic boarding school. These findings confirm that experience-based training and ongoing mentoring are effective in shaping the entrepreneurial mindset of students and encouraging the optimization of the Islamic boarding school's productive assets as an effort to strengthen the economy based on Islamic values ​​and sustainability.

Improving the quality of education is a strategic issue that is the main focus in the development of educational institutions in Indonesia. In the era of globalisation and digital transformation, educational institutions are faced with the demand to produce graduates who are not only academically excellent, but also adaptive to changes and community needs. One approach that has been widely studied to address these challenges is the application of educational quality management. This study aims to systematically review various studies that discuss the concept, implementation, and results of the application of educational quality management, with the main question being how the application of quality management contributes to improving the quality of educational institutions. This study uses a literature review method by searching for scientific articles from 2019 to 2025 accessed through Google Scholar and the Publish or Perish (PoP) application. The search was conducted using the keywords ‘educational quality management’, ‘quality implementation’, and ‘improvement of educational institution quality’. From the search results of 15 articles, five main articles were obtained and analysed in depth based on their relevance to the topic and contribution to the research focus. The results of the study revealed three main themes: first, quality management is implemented as a continuous improvement strategy that emphasises planning, implementation, evaluation, and follow-up on quality; second, transformational and collaborative leadership are determining factors in the successful implementation of quality management; third, the implementation of quality management has been proven to improve student academic achievement and the effectiveness of educational institutions. This study concludes that educational quality management plays a significant role in building a culture of quality, accountability, and professionalism among educators. Further research is recommended to explore models of digital and participatory quality management implementation in the context of 21st-century education.

The rapid advancement of technology has significantly impacted the field of education, making learning more interactive and engaging. This study aims to investigate the implementation of Google Sites in enhancing the learning motivation of eighth-grade students at SMPN 1 Polongbangkeng Utara in science subjects. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (PTK) approach with a quantitative descriptive method, involving 32 students as participants. Data were collected through observations, questionnaires, and documentation over two cycles of learning interventions. The results showed that students’ learning motivation increased progressively from the pre-cycle, with a low average of 38%, to cycle I with 55% (moderate), and reached 78% (high) in cycle II. Indicators such as diligence, perseverance, attention, achievement, and independence showed significant improvement after utilizing Google Sites. These findings suggest that Google Sites, as an interactive and easily accessible digital learning media, can effectively stimulate student engagement, facilitate understanding of complex concepts, and foster independent learning. The study highlights the potential of integrating technology-based media to enhance motivation in science education.

This study aims to identify the types of ornaments on the Avalokitesvara Pagoda Watugong Semarang, explain their symbolic meaning in the context of Buddhist teachings, and analyze how the ornaments reflect Buddhist architectural philosophy and spiritual values. The results of the study show that this pagoda is decorated with a variety of ornaments, such as reliefs of dragons, hong birds, humans, animals, Chinese writing, amulets of the eight gods, and pineapple ornaments. Each ornament has a deep symbolic meaning, reflecting values such as love, wisdom, and balance in life. The dragon relief symbolizes power and spirituality, the hong bird represents luck and peace, while the Chinese writing and the amulet of the eight gods symbolize blessings and good fortune in life. The ornaments also reflect the Buddhist architectural philosophy that emphasizes harmony between humans, nature, and spirituality, with the towering building design as a symbol of aspiration towards spiritual perfection. Apart from being a place of worship, this pagoda also functions as an interfaith meditative space, affirming the values of tolerance and harmony. This study concludes that the ornaments on the Avalokitesvara Watugong Pagoda are not only decorative elements, but also full of philosophical and spiritual meanings that enrich cultural values and strengthen tolerance. It is recommended to improve the preservation of ornaments, the development of education, and further research to explore the deep meaning of the existing reliefs.

Panorama Sileme-Leme is a tourist destination in Humbang Hasundutan Regency, specifically in Huta Sileme-Leme, Parsingguran 2 Village, Pollung District, located at an altitude of approximately 1,600 meters above sea level. The beautiful natural panorama with Lake Toba as its backdrop and surrounded by expansive plantations makes it an ideal recreational spot. However, the supporting facilities in this area are insufficient to accommodate various recreational activities that could potentially be conducted there. Therefore, landscape planning and the provision of tourist facilities are necessary to make the area more attractive to visitors. The initial idea behind this concept is to plan the Sileme-leme Panorama area as an attractive tourism destination equipped with various supporting facilities for tourism activities. However, because it is located in a hilly area prone to landslides, the concept of a pine forest tourism area was implemented. In addition to enhancing aesthetics and visitor comfort, its primary function is to minimize landslides because pine trees are known as effective soil-stabilizing vegetation. In addition, the pine forest tourism landscape can also have interesting spots such as tall, shady pine trees, restaurants or cafes with views of the pine forest,  and also play areas for children. This helps enhance the visitor's tourism experience and makes them feel close to nature and the beauty of the pine forest. The planning of the Sileme-leme Panorama Area uses a semi-pine forest concept supplemented with various tourism facilities. The implementation of this concept has been considered through various analyses conducted previously. With the implementation of the semi-pine forest concept, it is hoped that the natural potential will not change significantly, and the preservation of nature in this area will remain intact. This planning is expected to make Panorama Sileme-leme a more developed tourist attraction and more appealing to visitors. Additionally, this planning is anticipated to boost the local community's economy.

This study examines how effective leadership impacts increased employee productivity within the technical bureaucracy within the West Java Provincial Highways and Spatial Planning Agency. Effective leadership is understood as a leader's ability to provide direction, motivation, and empowerment to employees in order to optimally achieve organizational goals. The research method uses a quantitative approach through a survey of 50 ASN respondents working at the UPTD for Road Management Region III. The regression results show R = 0.58 and R² = 0.336, while the PLS analysis displays a path coefficient of β = 0.58 and a t-test of 5.91 (p < 0.05). These findings confirm that exemplary leadership, transparent communication, and employee empowerment can increase work productivity in the technical bureaucracy. This study also found that leadership that directly exemplifies behavior and decision-making can influence employee productivity levels in the public sector. Inspirational and participatory leadership, which involves employees in important decisions, shows a significant influence on increasing work morale and innovation. For example, employees who feel encouraged by their leaders to contribute more tend to show initiative in their tasks and take more responsibility for the work assigned.

Introduction:All-zirconia crowns are the strongest ceramic artificial crowns, made from zirconium, a silicate compound (ZrSiO4) and resistant to high temperatures. The advantages of zirconia include good mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and high corrosion resistance. Zirconia has disadvantages, such as a lack of aesthetic similarity to natural teeth. Methods and Results: Search for published articles on Elsevier, PubMed and Science Direct using predetermined keywords, namely crown,fracture resistance, and zirconiaThis literature review utilizes literature published between 2020 and 2025, accessible in full-text PDF format. Based on data searches using predetermined keywords, data was searched for the last five years, resulting in four selected articles. Discussion:  Fracture and loss of retention are problems that can occur in zirconia crowns. Several factors influence the fracture resistance of clinical crowns, such as the load received, the preparation results, material thickness, cement used, marginal adaptation and the zirconia content used. Conclusion: Zirconia crowns are the strongest ceramic artificial crowns. Fracture and loss of retention are problems that can occur in zirconia crowns. Several factors influence the fracture resistance of clinical crowns, such as the load received, the preparation results, marginal adaptation and the zirconia content used.

The rapid advancement of information technology requires teachers to possess adequate digital skills and understanding to support the learning process. A website serves as an essential digital medium that can be utilized for providing information, learning materials, activity documentation, and facilitating communication among teachers, students, and the school. This study aims to develop and manage a school website as a means to enhance information technology knowledge for teachers at SMP Bina Bangsa Mandiri Cikeas, Bogor Regency. The research employed a system development approach, including needs analysis, design, implementation, and evaluation of website usage by teachers. The results indicate that the developed website provides ease of access in managing school information, preparing digital learning content, and improving teachers’ digital literacy. Moreover, the website serves as a collaborative platform that supports teachers in sharing materials and teaching innovations. Therefore, developing and managing a website effectively contributes to enhancing information technology competence among junior high school teachers.

The rapid advancement of information technology requires teachers to possess adequate digital skills and understanding to support the learning process. A website serves as an essential digital medium that can be utilized for providing information, learning materials, activity documentation, and facilitating communication among teachers, students, and the school. This study aims to develop and manage a school website as a means to enhance information technology knowledge for teachers at SMP Bina Bangsa Mandiri Cikeas, Bogor Regency. The research employed a system development approach, including needs analysis, design, implementation, and evaluation of website usage by teachers. The results indicate that the developed website provides ease of access in managing school information, preparing digital learning content, and improving teachers’ digital literacy. Moreover, the website serves as a collaborative platform that supports teachers in sharing materials and teaching innovations. Therefore, developing and managing a website effectively contributes to enhancing information technology competence among junior high school teachers.

This community service program was carried out in Karangharja Village with the aim of strengthening environmental awareness, promoting tree-planting initiatives, and establishing the foundation for household-level food security. The program employed the Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) approach through the stages of discovery, dream, design, define, and destiny, ensuring that all activities were rooted in local potential and community participation. The results indicate an increase in residents’ involvement in reforestation, productive home-garden utilization, and stronger collaboration between village authorities, farmer groups, Islamic educational institutions, and local community organizations. Furthermore, the community began forming self-help groups to ensure sustainability, while Islamic-value-based environmental education successfully encouraged behavioral changes and early ecological awareness among children. These findings confirm that the ABCD approach is effective in enhancing community-based food security and environmental awareness.

This study was conducted to evaluate the level of conformity between actual mining activities in March 2025 and the monthly sequence design plan at PT Tama Raya's P3000BK14 pit. The evaluation focused on geometric deviations, volume achievement, and changes in field conditions that influenced these discrepancies. The data used included the sequence design, actual topography from the TLS (Low-Scale Land Survey), and weekly production realizations. The results showed significant discrepancies between the planned and actual operations in weeks 2 and 4, primarily in the form of overcuts, undercuts, non-designed contour changes, thinning of the coal seam, and hydrological obstacles such as ponding and unstable drainage. The R2 sequence redesign in week 4 proved to improve the overburden excavation flow but did not fully restore coal access due to persistent geological and water conditions. These findings emphasize the need for more rapid topographic updates, more intensive water handling, and interdepartmental coordination to ensure better synchronization of plans and operations.

Motorcycle theft remains a widespread issue that demands improved security solutions supported by modern technology.This research discusses the development and implementation of a motorcycle security system design using an ESP8266 microcontroller integrated incorporating the GPS Neo-7M positioning module, SW-420 vibration detection sensor, and an electronically controlled solenoid lock. The  implemented mechanism is monitored and controlled via the Telegram application, allowing the owner to receive real-time updates about the motorcycle’s status through a Telegram Bot. The development process involves hardware integration, ESP8266 programming, and functional testing. The SW-420 sensor detects vibrations as indicators of possible theft, triggering a buzzer alarm and sending instant notifications through Telegram. The GPS Neo-7M module provides location data in real time, automatically or upon user request, through a Google Maps link. Users can also lock or unlock the motorcycle remotely by sending the lock or /unlock commands via Telegram. Test results show that the system responds to vibrations in less than one second, delivers Telegram notifications within 3–5 seconds, and determines location with an accuracy of 3–10 meters. Overall, the proposed system offers an effective, practical, and low-cost solution to enhance motorcycle security.