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This study aims to examine the role of teacher pedagogical competence in increasing students' active participation in learning. With the challenges of the digital era, teachers need to optimize technology and innovative learning methods such as the student-centered learning approach and local cultural integration. This descriptive qualitative study was conducted at UPT SMP Negeri 10 Medan, using observation, interviews, and literature studies. The results show that interactive learning methods and the use of digital media can increase student participation. However, teachers face challenges such as differences in student understanding and lack of self-confidence. Teachers need to act as facilitators and motivators to create a supportive learning environment.

This study examines the impact of Christian Religious Education Management on the spiritual development and character formation of children in Christian families, especially in the Tengko Klasis Walendrang Timur Congregation. This study emphasizes the basic role of the family as the primary environment in instilling moral and spiritual values, despite challenges arising from the negative influences of technological advances and modern lifestyles. Using a quantitative approach and purposive sampling technique, this study assesses how parental guidance—with the support of church education programs such as Sunday School and Catechism—contributes to the formation of a strong Christian identity in children. The results of the study indicate that effective education management, in which parents act as educators, motivators, facilitators, mentors, and role models, is essential to fostering sustainable spiritual growth and positive character. This study concludes that increased collaboration between families and churches is needed to strengthen spiritual education so that children can develop mature and resilient Christian characters.

Education in Indonesia faces various challenges to meet the demands of a growing society. One of the important aspects in improving the quality of education is teacher competence. The leadership of the principal plays a significant role in encouraging the improvement of teacher competence, which in turn will have an impact on the quality of learning in schools. This study aims to describe how the principal's leadership in improving teacher competence at State Elementary School 09 Pemouthan, as well as the factors that support and hinder the process and how to overcome these obstacles. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that the principal of State Elementary School 09 Pemouthan in improving teacher competence has implemented various leadership strategies, including by acting as an educator, manager, administrator, supervisor, leader, innovator and motivator to improve teacher competence. The supporting factors encountered include the provision of resources, the use of technology in learning, and creating a positive work environment. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include budget limitations, resources, time, lack of self-motivation and resistance to change. To overcome this, the principal encourages teachers to optimize the use of technology and the internet to access online training materials, build a positive learning culture by forming a learning community and involving driving teachers as resource persons, as well as providing rewards as competency support.

It is about the importance of leadership of the madrasah headmaster in developing religious culture at the MA Nurul Huda al. This leadership aims to develop the existing of religious culture in the madrasah environment.The objectives of this study are 1) Describing the leadership of the madrasah headmaster in developing religious culture 2) Describing the supporting and inhibiting factors of the headmaster's leadership in developing a religious culture 3) Describing the results of the development of religious culture through the leadership of the head of madrasah.This study is a field research, which is conducted directly with the object of research and the data collection is carried out in the field. With this descriptive qualitative research, the researcher tries to reveal the implementation of the leadership of the madrasah headmaster in developing a religious culture in MA Nurul Huda al-Banat Situbondo. The result of this study is the leadership of the madrasah headmaster in developing religious culture in madrasah is to carry out the leadership role of the headmaster, namely as an educator, manager, administrator, supervisor, leader, innovator, and motivator. The supporting factors are the existence of facilities and infrastructure that support religious activities and the existence of teachers who have deep religious knowledge. The inhibiting factor is that the environment still considers madrasah to be less prestigious than public schools in general, a lack of understanding of the development of religious culture, the lack of role models given by teachers, the influence of technological culture, and the absence of training given by the head of madrasah to teachers in the implementation of religious culture.

This study aims to explore the strategic role of teachers in building students' enthusiasm for learning amidst modern challenges, such as technological developments, the impact of the pandemic, and social change. The research methodology uses library research with content analysis to review relevant literature on learning strategies and student motivation. The results of the study indicate that the role of teachers as facilitators, motivators, inspirators, guides, and evaluators is very influential in increasing students' learning motivation. Innovative and adaptive teachers are able to create a fun, relevant, and interactive learning environment, so that students are more motivated to learn. This study highlights the importance of professional training for teachers and the integration of educational technology to overcome obstacles faced in the learning process.

The role of the principal is very significant in efforts to improve the quality of the institution he leads. In order to achieve this goal, the principal must carry out the role and function appropriately according to the needs. As a leader, the principal needs to understand what role needs to be carried out, be it as an educator, manager, administrator, supervisor, leader, innovator, or motivator. This study aims to identify the contribution of the principal in improving the quality of Islamic education. The method used is library research, which focuses on collecting, analyzing, and compiling information from various literature sources in order to gain an in-depth understanding of the topic being studied. The principal must have a high fighting spirit as an agent of change in an effort to improve the quality of education managed, the principal strives to achieve the predetermined quality standards. This effort can be realized through various strategic steps, such as making the right decisions, SWOT analysis, compiling quality improvement programs, implementing transparency, involving school residents and the community, effective budget management, and transformation towards a quality-conscious culture. Education itself is a process that aims to optimally develop all the abilities possessed by each student so that they can be used as capital to face various lives in the future.

Turnover Intention influenced by a combination of individual, organizational, and work environment factors. In this context, psychological theories such as Herzberg's two-factor theory can help understand this dynamic by dividing factors that influence job satisfaction into motivators and hygiene factors. Motivators, such as recognition and achievement, contribute to higher job satisfaction, while hygiene factors, such as working conditions and management policies, play a role in preventing dissatisfaction. This study aims to explore the relationship between job satisfaction, job stress, managerial support, and employee engagement on turnover intention in various sectors. This study uses a quantitative approach with a Likert scale-based survey to collect data, which were analysed using Pearson correlation tests and multiple linear regression. The results showed that job satisfaction and managerial support have a significant negative relationship with turnover intention, while job stress shows a significant positive relationship. In addition, employee engagement through organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) has been shown to reduce turnover intention even though the level of job satisfaction is low. This study provides practical implications for organizations to design employee retention strategies through stress management, increasing job satisfaction, and managerial support. This study contributes to the enrichment of the literature on human resource management, particularly in understanding the dynamics of turnover intention, and recommends further research with a longitudinal approach to validate the results in other sectors.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami  peran  wali  kelas  dalam  peningkatan  kedisiplinan  peserta  didik di MTs Yasrib Batu-Batu Soppeng. Metodologi yang digunakan yakni penelitian kualitatif berbasis  Field  Research dengan menggunakan pendekatan pedagogik, fenomenologi, dan sosiologi dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Peran  wali  kelas  dalam  peningkatan  kedisiplinan  peserta  didik  adalah  sebagai  fasilitator  berupa  mengayomi  peserta  didik  dan  memberikan  kenyamanan  kepada  peserta  didik  selama  proses  pembelajaran,  sebagai  motivator  berupa  memotivasi  peserta  didik  dalam  mengikuti  proses  pembelajaran,  memotivasi  peserta  didik  dalam  berdisiplin  berpakaian,  memotivasi  peserta  didik  untuk  memanfaatkan  waktu  belajar,  memberi  dorongan  kepada  peserta  didik  untuk  memanfaatkan  waktu  luang,  dan  memberi  motivasi  kepada  peserta  didik  untuk  meningkatkan  prestasi  belajar.  Peran  wali  kelas  sebagai  problem  solving  secara  pribadi  ialah  memahami  karakter  masing-masing  peserta  didik,  secara  sosial  ialah  dengan  memahami  kondisi  sosial  peserta  didik,  secara  akademis  ialah  memahami  dan  meningkatkan  kemampuan  akademis  perserta  didik.  

Christian teachers have an important responsibility in guiding students to know God's word and build a close relationship with God. This research aims to identify the role of Christian teachers in helping students face life's challenges through teaching based on spiritual and biblical values. The research was conducted using qualitative methods with a case study approach in one Christian school. The research results show that Christian religious teachers act as spiritual guides, role models and motivators for students to strengthen their faith, as well as provide solutions based on God's word in facing various life challenges. Thus, the role of Christian religious teachers is very strategic in forming students' characters who are spiritually and morally strong.

Global phenomena highlight the increasing attention to entrepreneurship as a solution to reduce unemployment and promote sustainable economic growth (SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth). On a local level, vocational high school (SMK) graduates in Indonesia face the challenge of low entrepreneurial intention, which has the potential to exacerbate youth unemployment rates. This study aims to explore entrepreneurship learning strategies and the contribution of teacher behavior in shaping the entrepreneurial intentions of SMK students through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The novelty of this research lies in integrating two key elements—innovative learning strategies and teacher behavior as role models—which have been minimally discussed in previous literature. The urgency of this research stems from its contribution to SDG 4 (Quality Education), by strengthening entrepreneurship education as a foundation for developing a competitive workforce. The method employed in this study is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), which involves collecting and analyzing relevant journal articles using VOSviewer software based on selected keywords. The findings indicate that project-based and collaborative learning approaches enable students to directly experience real-world business challenges, such as developing business ideas and working in teams to solve practical problems. Teacher behavior, serving as both facilitator and motivator, plays a crucial role in encouraging students to dream big, believe in their abilities, and view entrepreneurship as an attractive career path. The implications of this research provide practical insights for educators and policymakers in designing effective entrepreneurship curricula while supporting the SDG agenda, particularly in promoting quality education, decent work, and inclusive economic growth. This study contributes to the reinforcement of sustainable entrepreneurship education in Indonesia.

Global phenomena highlight the increasing attention to entrepreneurship as a solution to reduce unemployment and promote sustainable economic growth (SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth). On a local level, vocational high school (SMK) graduates in Indonesia face the challenge of low entrepreneurial intention, which has the potential to exacerbate youth unemployment rates. This study aims to explore entrepreneurship learning strategies and the contribution of teacher behavior in shaping the entrepreneurial intentions of SMK students through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The novelty of this research lies in integrating two key elements—innovative learning strategies and teacher behavior as role models—which have been minimally discussed in previous literature. The urgency of this research stems from its contribution to SDG 4 (Quality Education), by strengthening entrepreneurship education as a foundation for developing a competitive workforce. The method employed in this study is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), which involves collecting and analyzing relevant journal articles using VOSviewer software based on selected keywords. The findings indicate that project-based and collaborative learning approaches enable students to directly experience real-world business challenges, such as developing business ideas and working in teams to solve practical problems. Teacher behavior, serving as both facilitator and motivator, plays a crucial role in encouraging students to dream big, believe in their abilities, and view entrepreneurship as an attractive career path. The implications of this research provide practical insights for educators and policymakers in designing effective entrepreneurship curricula while supporting the SDG agenda, particularly in promoting quality education, decent work, and inclusive economic growth. This study contributes to the reinforcement of sustainable entrepreneurship education in Indonesia.

The role of school principals holds crucial significance in enhancing educational quality of education, especially through strengthening and empowering the professionalism of educators. This article discusses the diverse aspects of principal leadership and its effect on teacher performance within the school setting. The principal not only functions as an administrative manager, but also acts as an educator, innovator, as well as a motivator who can guide teachers in realizing educational goals. In their capacity as leaders, school principals have the responsibility to create a positive work culture, provide professional support, and formulate policies and strategies to improve teacher competence. Various efforts to develop teacher professionalism, such as training, certification programs, and advanced studies, are key for improving the quality of teaching in schools. The article also identifies the role of school principals in managing changes and challenges in the world of education, as well as the importance of support from various parties to create an environment that supports teacher development. The results of the study indicate that effective leadership of school principals is able to improve teacher performance, which is further a determinant factor in the success of the education system as a whole.

This research aims to analyze the role of Driving Teachers in helping to make the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum successful in the 19 Peninjauan Elementary Schools (SD). The Independent Curriculum is an educational policy that aims to provide freedom to educational units in designing learning that is more flexible, meaningful and in accordance with the needs of students. Mobilizing Teachers, as agents of change, are expected to play an important role in the successful implementation of this curriculum. The research method used in this research is qualitative with a literature review approach. The results of the research show that the Mobilization Teacher at SDN 19 Peninjau acts as a learning facilitator, leader of change, and motivator for his colleagues in the successful implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. Mobilizing Teachers not only focus on teaching in the classroom, but also play an active role in developing the professionalism of other teachers and establishing a school culture that supports the principles of the Independent Curriculum. However, challenges such as limited resources, uneven understanding of the Independent Curriculum, and resistance to change are still the main obstacles.

This study explores the strategic role of teachers in education and society and the challenges they face in integrating technology in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era. Using a qualitative approach based on literature studies, this study analyzed four relevant articles. The findings show that teachers have a multifaceted role, including as educators, mentors, motivators, and agents of social change. Teachers are expected to be able to adapt to technological developments to create relevant learning for generation Z, such as through the implementation of the flipped classroom method and project-based learning. However, limited infrastructure and technology training are major challenges. This study emphasizes the importance of continuous training and policy support to support teacher professionalism in meeting the demands of modern education. This study also identifies the need for further research to address gaps in technology training, especially in areas with limited access..  

Educational institutions play a vital role in shaping human resources and adapting to rapid changes. To address globalization and technological challenges, they must implement effective and sustainable reforms, with strategic leadership as a key driver. This study examines the role of strategic leadership in designing and implementing renewal models in educational institutions. It identifies factors influencing success and offers recommendations for effective practices. Strategic leadership is crucial in enhancing educational quality and system effectiveness. Leaders act as internal change agents, develop innovative strategies, and coordinate resources to achieve reform goals. Using library research methods, this study reviews literature, including books, journal articles, and research reports on strategic leadership and educational reform. Data analysis involves identifying themes, theories, and best practices. Findings reveal that strategic leaders function as visionaries, motivators, facilitators, and resource managers. Their effectiveness depends on clear strategy formulation, consensus-building, and resistance management. Support from stakeholders, effective communication, and community involvement are pivotal for successful reform implementation. This study emphasizes the importance of strategic leadership in fostering transformative changes within educational institutions.

This study explores the factors influencing attendance among employees enrolled in English language courses, with a focus on understanding attendance patterns and proposing interventions to improve participation. English proficiency is a critical asset in the global era, and many companies in Indonesia offer English courses as part of their professional development programs. Despite their importance, these programs face attendance challenges due to factors such as professional commitments and schedule conflicts. The research employs a quantitative method, utilizing surveys to gather data from 15 employees participating in English courses at two institutions in Indonesia, one in Jakarta (called Bravo – pseudonym) and another one in Bandung (called Delta – pseudonym). Results highlight two primary factors affecting attendance: (1) professional development as a key motivator and (2) schedule conflicts as a major barrier. To address these challenges, the study proposes actionable interventions, by implementing a blended learning model and integrating mutual agreements between companies and course providers including creating supportive environment such as implementing blended learning model, designating learning hours and providing reward or incentive.

We sought to investigate how families in Jorong Balai Panjang Nagari Saniang Baka, X Koto Singkarak District, Solok Regency, teach moral principles to their children. The author is interested in studying the role of parents in developing morals in children in the family environment at Jorong Balai Panjang Nagari Saniang Baka because they want to know about the younger generation who reflect superior ethics (morals). This research highlights several aspects of the depth of information collected from interviews and uses qualitative methods supported by field observation techniques. In District The leader or head of the jorong and friends act as informants to support the research. According to research, parents have a significant influence on the development of their children's moral principles (morals). This research highlights the important role of parents in shaping children's moral character in the family context. Parents play a number of roles, including modeling appropriate language and accent when speaking to their children, influencing their behavior and relationships, being role models and motivators, and teaching their children about religion. If these roles are fulfilled, it is likely that the offspring will have good morals. There are many things that are difficult for parents to regulate regarding children's behavior, such as contact with people outside the household, cell phone use, and the games they play. All of these obstacles lie within the child himself. If the child is willing to change and is willing to listen to the words of advice from his parents then these obstacles can be overcome.

One of the most important aspects of formal and informal education in educational institutions is character education. Two types of character that should be formed are discipline and responsibility. Possession of discipline and responsibility are highly valued qualities, as character plays an important role in one's daily social interactions. Helping, grouping, and socializing are all included in it. Character development throughout human life as a whole is closely linked to the process of learning and self-formation. Character development can be achieved in the context of family, school, and the environment, which includes communities and groups. The objectives of this study are to (1) describe the teacher's approach in teaching social studies class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri that instills the character values of discipline and responsibility. (2) Determine what motivates and what hinders educators to foster the character values of discipline and responsibility in their students through social studies learning in class VIII A of SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri. (3) To find out the results of social studies learning techniques used to build character values of discipline and responsibility in students of class VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri. A descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study. In collecting data, the methods used were observation, interviews, and documentation. The Miles and Huberman approach was used in the design of this research, which used descriptive analysis techniques through three stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Triangulation of data sources was used in assessing the validity of the data. The teachers and students of SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri became the research subjects. Based on the data analysis, the following conclusions were obtained: 1) Motivation and exemplary teachers, active involvement of students in learning, self-habituation, and sanctioning violations are strategies used by social studies teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri, 2) Strong motivation, family support, school regulations, and the environment are the driving factors faced by social studies teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri in instilling the character values of discipline and responsibility to students. Meanwhile, the unsupportive atmosphere and students' lack of willingness to learn make them less effective learners are the inhibiting factors. In this case, the teacher's duties have been carried out in accordance with their responsibilities as educators, motivators, mentors, and assessors. 3) The results of the social studies teacher's strategy in the implementation of cultivating the character of discipline and responsibility for students in grade VIII through motivating activities, students become enthusiastic in discipline and responsibility for the mandate carried out, namely as students. Through exemplary, students have successfully applied and instilled forms of discipline and responsibility in terms of dress, time, and duties through their active participation in classroom learning. This is indicated by students' active participation in discussions, students' activeness in completing and collecting assignments given by the teacher, students' enthusiasm for learning that is always high, self-habituation that has been applied by social studies teachers, the ability of social studies teachers to train students to be more disciplined and responsible in terms of worship, students' habits to help others and parents, and the appearance of disciplined and responsible students, by making efforts to impose sanctions on students who commit violations so that they do not repeat them again and encourage them to be more aware of their obligations as students.

One of the most important aspects of formal and informal education in educational institutions is character education. Two types of character that should be formed are discipline and responsibility. Possession of discipline and responsibility are highly valued qualities, as character plays an important role in one's daily social interactions. Helping, grouping, and socializing are all included in it. Character development throughout human life as a whole is closely linked to the process of learning and self-formation. Character development can be achieved in the context of family, school, and the environment, which includes communities and groups. The objectives of this study are to (1) describe the teacher's approach in teaching social studies class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri that instills the character values of discipline and responsibility. (2) Determine what motivates and what hinders educators to foster the character values of discipline and responsibility in their students through social studies learning in class VIII A of SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri. (3) To find out the results of social studies learning techniques used to build character values of discipline and responsibility in students of class VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri. A descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study. In collecting data, the methods used were observation, interviews, and documentation. The Miles and Huberman approach was used in the design of this research, which used descriptive analysis techniques through three stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Triangulation of data sources was used in assessing the validity of the data. The teachers and students of SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri became the research subjects. Based on the data analysis, the following conclusions were obtained: 1) Motivation and exemplary teachers, active involvement of students in learning, self-habituation, and sanctioning violations are strategies used by social studies teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri, 2) Strong motivation, family support, school regulations, and the environment are the driving factors faced by social studies teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Kunjang Kediri in instilling the character values of discipline and responsibility to students. Meanwhile, the unsupportive atmosphere and students' lack of willingness to learn make them less effective learners are the inhibiting factors. In this case, the teacher's duties have been carried out in accordance with their responsibilities as educators, motivators, mentors, and assessors. 3) The results of the social studies teacher's strategy in the implementation of cultivating the character of discipline and responsibility for students in grade VIII through motivating activities, students become enthusiastic in discipline and responsibility for the mandate carried out, namely as students. Through exemplary, students have successfully applied and instilled forms of discipline and responsibility in terms of dress, time, and duties through their active participation in classroom learning. This is indicated by students' active participation in discussions, students' activeness in completing and collecting assignments given by the teacher, students' enthusiasm for learning that is always high, self-habituation that has been applied by social studies teachers, the ability of social studies teachers to train students to be more disciplined and responsible in terms of worship, students' habits to help others and parents, and the appearance of disciplined and responsible students, by making efforts to impose sanctions on students who commit violations so that they do not repeat them again and encourage them to be more aware of their obligations as students.

Stress and depression problems can have many negative impacts on teenagers, including mental health problems in teenagers, and can even lead to dangerous behavior. In Indonesia, the prevalence of stress in the younger generation is increasing from year to year, reaching 6.0% of the population. Maybe 6% still feels small. However, this number continues to increase every year as more and more young people participate in bullying, and bullying has become more common these days. The ability to maintain self-control in the face of overwhelming situations, people, and events is also the definition of stress management. If managed well, stress transforms from an obstacle to a motivator of social, intellectual, and psychological well-being. The aim of this activity is to increase knowledge in teenagers about stress management. It is hoped that students will be able to understand and implement stress management by means of deep breathing exercises and progressive muscle relaxation. The results of the questionnaire obtained from these four categories were 910 points. Apart from that, the findings from this activity were that 46 respondents (100%) could do deep breathing and progressive muscle relaxation exercises very well. It is important for students to know how to deal with stress, especially since the source of stress comes from the academic process