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Teachers hold a crucial responsibility in every stage of students' development, including intellectual and spiritual growth. This role is vital in fostering students' emotional maturity, enabling them to adapt to changes and advancements in their environment. This study aims to explore the efforts of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) teachers in addressing behavioral deviations among students at SMP Negeri 03 Padang Panjang. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method by gathering information through interviews, observations, personal documents, notes, and other relevant materials. The identified forms of student behavioral deviations at SMP Negeri 03 Padang Panjang include smoking, bullying, lack of attention and concern toward teachers during lessons, failure to complete assignments, disrespectful behavior and lack of politeness, absence from congregational prayers, bringing mobile phones to school without permission, skipping classes, and using inappropriate language.

This research aims to decrypt the implementation of Morning Spiritual Gathering (MSG) activities as an effort to increase the spiritual intelligence (SQ) of teachers at the Darul Ilmi Muhammadiyah Tarakan Islamic Boarding School. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documents. The results of the study show that the Morning Spiritual Gathering has a positive impact on improving the quality of teaching and interaction between teachers and students, as well as strengthening Islamic ukhuwah between teachers. In addition, this activity also increases teachers' sense of responsibility, patience, and empathy in teaching. MSG encourages teachers' self-reflection and creates a more Islamic environment, supporting the development of students' character. Some teachers proposed a variety of learning methods to increase participant engagement. Overall, MSG activities contribute to improving teachers' spiritual intelligence and a more conducive learning atmosphere in Islamic boarding schools.

The Code of Ethics is very important for the professionalism of an PAK teacher in carrying out the learning process and advancing the world of education. The quality of a student in the world of education is very dependent on the quality of a teacher. Therefore, a PAK teacher who is professional should have competence in accordance with national education standards so that he can carry out his duties and roles with good competency standards, which results in students becoming knowledgeale human beings and possessing skills. Not only that, before educating a PAK teacher, he must be equipped with the values of truth that are in accordance with god’s word. Being a teacher is not only as a teacher but as a guide for the character of students to become characters that are pleasing to the lord jesus. A PAK teacher before educating is able to study the teachers code of ethics well according to a Biblical perspective. If an PAK teacher can master and understand the correct code of ethics then in every teaching and guidance that is done to students it can run according to the truth of God’s Word.

This research aims to analyze the learning methods used by Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers in improving students' critical thinking skills at the junior high school level. The focus of this research is on the use of learning methods such as lectures, discussions, Problem-Based Learning (PBL), and cooperative learning. The approach used is qualitative by collecting data through journals, literature reviews, document studies and e-books. The research location was carried out in North Sumatra Province and its surroundings, Indonesia. The research results show that PAK teachers still predominantly use lecture methods which are less effective in encouraging students to think critically. However, some students have shown potential for critical thinking when given more innovative learning methods, such as PBL and group discussions. Learning methods that actively involve students, such as discussions and cooperative learning, have been proven to be able to increase student participation and develop analytical skills, problem solving and creativity.  

Teacher certification is carried out through the Teacher Professional Education Program (PPG) which is organized by universities determined by the Minister. However, in its implementation there are still problems, including a lack of socialization regarding in-service teacher certification policies and complex teacher certification procedures and limited quotas. The purpose of this research is to determine the implementation of the Teacher Certification Policy in South Tangerang City. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data collection methods were carried out by interviews, observation and documentation. The theory used in this research is the Implementation Model according to Charles O Jones which consists of Organization, Interpretation and Application. The results of this research explain that the organizational indicators related to resources are that the implementation of this policy has not run optimally, there is a lack of training and coaching for implementing staff.  The interpretation of the implementation of the teacher certification policy has provided clarity regarding the goals and objectives of all parties involved in implementing the policy. The implementation of this policy is going well, the Government provides the SIMPKB platform which contains complete information about PPG for pursuing an educator certificate.

Christian religious education plays a crucial role in shaping the character and morals of the younger generation, where Christian Religious Education Teachers (PAK) bear a significant responsibility in instilling Christian values. This study aims to investigate the role of professional ethics in the implementation of the PAK teacher's code of ethics and how it can enhance the quality of Christian religious education, particularly in building positive teacher-student relationships. The methodology employed in this study is qualitative analysis with a hermeneutical approach, examining the text of the code of ethics and professional ethics based on Christian values. The findings of the study indicate that professional ethics is not merely an additional moral guideline, but a deeper foundation for understanding and applying the code of ethics in various situations. Professional ethics assists PAK teachers in maintaining integrity, professional honesty, and creating a conducive learning environment. Furthermore, this study discovered that the integration of professional ethics and the code of ethics can enhance the accountability of PAK teachers and overall improve the quality of education. The conclusion of this study affirms that the application of professional ethics grounded in Christian values is paramount for PAK teachers in fulfilling their duties, enabling them to shape a younger generation with noble character and a Pancasila spirit. This study contributes to the development of Christian religious education in Indonesia by emphasizing the importance of ethics in the teaching profession, creating a positive learning environment that supports students' spiritual growth.  

Abstrak. Indonesia, dengan kondisi geografisnya yang luas dan beragam, menghadapi tantangan dalam memberikan pendidikan yang merata, khususnya di tingkat Sekolah Dasar (SD) dan Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI). Faktor geografis memengaruhi aksesibilitas, kualitas fasilitas, dan distribusi tenaga pengajar di wilayah terpencil dan pedesaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kondisi geografis terhadap pendidikan dasar di Indonesia melalui studi literatur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan dengan mengkaji jurnal, laporan pemerintah, serta data dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa wilayah terpencil memiliki akses pendidikan yang terbatas, fasilitas yang tidak memadai, dan kekurangan tenaga pengajar. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kebijakan yang terfokus untuk menangani ketimpangan ini demi meningkatkan kualitas dan pemerataan pendidikan di seluruh wilayah Indonesia.

Abstract. In an increasingly modern and rapidly advancing era, namely where the advancement of digital era technology and knowledge, especially in the world of education, the role of teachers is very important to prepare a good generation, namely having a character in accordance with religious teachings and state norms and having communication skills. So the role of teachers is very important, especially religious teachers or Islamic religious education teachers. The purpose of this study was made where the progress of the digital era but there are still many shortcomings of students in having a character that is in accordance with religious and state law and there are still many shortcomings in communicating so that because character and communication are very important, especially in today's era and for the future, it is necessary to build student character and communication skills of students in this digital era, so in this study Islamic religious education teachers are taken or become roles in building character and communication skills of students in this digital era. As for the research method using a descriptive qualitative research method which takes data through observation, interviews, and documentation and also takes other literature that supports this research in order to become relevant research that is formed in the form of descriptive qualitative.

Organizational changes in Madrasah Aliyah aim to improve the quality of education, but often give rise to challenges such as increased workload and stress for teachers. Effective stress management strategies, such as training, open communication, psychosocial support, and balanced workload arrangements, are key to helping teachers adapt to these changes. With a holistic and planned approach, Madrasah Aliyah can create a healthy work environment, support teacher well-being, and improve the quality of teaching in a sustainable manner.

One aspect that urgently needs to be addressed in the Implementation of the Independent Curriculum (IKM) is the issue of leadership and decision effective, efficien, requires the togetherness of all elements of teachers and educational staff. School Leadership Workshop 1, was held making which has impact on students. A leadership model that is in May 2024, at SMP Negeri 1 Sooko, Kab. Mojokerto. The formulation of the problem solved in this PKM (community service) activity is how to develop the potential of School Principals, School Supervisors and teacher educators in making decisions as leaders effectively, through leadership workshops. Learning objectives are prepared by each educational unit with local content that has meaning given the environmental conditions. The goal to be achieved from this activity is the transformation of the 'classical' education process into meaningful and contextual education during Sekolah Penggerak. In this change, adequate coaching capabilities are needed from teachers and school principals, so they can provide more positive approach to students. The methods used in this activity are lectures and discussions, online training, in-house training in each educational unit through PMM, followed by a mentoring process over a period of 1 year, then full implementation in each educational unit.

The application of technology-based human resource (HR) management in education is becoming increasingly important to enhance the quality of management and the development of teachers’ competencies. Technology, particularly through the use of Management Information Systems (SIM) and Learning Management Systems (LMS), enables more efficient data management and flexible professional development for teachers. However, its implementation faces key challenges such as limited infrastructure and low digital skills among some teachers. This study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to analyze relevant sources in order to identify the role of technology in HR management in education and the challenges faced in its implementation. The findings show that the application of technology in HR management in education has a positive impact on efficiency and teacher competence. However, the biggest challenges are limited infrastructure and digital skills of teachers. Policies supporting infrastructure improvements and digital training for teachers are necessary to ensure that technology can be optimally used to improve the quality of education in Indonesia.

Improving teacher competency is a key factor in improving the quality of education. One of the latest innovations in teacher professional development in Indonesia is the Merdeka Mengajar Platform (PMM), a digital-based platform designed to provide flexible access to independent training. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of PMM in improving teachers' pedagogical and professional competencies, especially in the context of educational transformation in the digital era. The method used is a literature study, by collecting and analyzing relevant literature from reputable academic sources. The results of the study indicate that PMM significantly improves teacher competency through interactive modules, online learning communities, and digital resources designed for learning personalization. Teachers who participate in training through PMM show better ability in implementing innovative learning strategies compared to those who do not use this platform or participate in traditional training. However, the effectiveness of PMM can be influenced by teachers' technological readiness and digital literacy, especially in areas with limited infrastructure. This study highlights the importance of supporting technology-based education policies to ensure that the benefits of PMM can be felt inclusively and sustainably. In conclusion, PMM is a promising solution to address the teacher training gap in Indonesia, but requires a strategic approach to improve its access and effectiveness. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term empirical impact of this platform on teacher professional development and student learning quality.

The curriculum is a fundamental component of the education system, designed to meet the evolving needs of society. In 2022, the Indonesian Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology introduced the Merdeka Curriculum as a strategic response to global challenges and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum, identify the challenges encountered, and propose strategies to enhance its effectiveness. The research employs a literature review with a qualitative approach, underpinned by Structural Functional Theory to interpret the dynamics of curriculum implementation. The findings reveal significant disparities in teachers’ readiness to understand and implement the curriculum, influenced by factors such as training, resource availability, and institutional support. Major challenges include insufficient infrastructure, gaps in understanding, and resistance to pedagogical innovation. The study concludes that strengthening collaboration among teachers, schools, communities, and the government, combined with intensive training and infrastructure development, can optimize the curriculum’s potential in fostering globally competitive human resources. It is recommended that all stakeholders actively engage in cross-sector collaboration to ensure the sustainable implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum.

Abstract. This study aims to analyze multiple choice question items related to business process elements in the field of financial accounting for 10th grade vocational students using the Anates application. The methods used include evaluating the validity, reliability, difficulty level, and differentiating power of each item. Data were collected from questions that had been given to students and analyzed quantitatively. The results showed that most of the items met the criteria for good validity and reliability, although there were some items that needed to be improved in terms of difficulty level and differentiating power. These findings provide important insights for the development of teaching materials and the preparation of evaluation questions in accounting. This research is expected to contribute to improving the quality of accounting education in SMK and assist teachers in designing more effective questions to measure students' competencies in facing the challenges of an increasingly complex world of work. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis butir soal pilihan ganda yang berkaitan dengan elemen proses bisnis di bidang akuntansi keuangan pada siswa kelas 10 SMK menggunakan aplikasi Anates. Metode yang digunakan meliputi evaluasi validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesulitan, dan daya pembeda dari setiap butir soal. Data dikumpulkan dari soal-soal yang telah diberikan kepada siswa dan dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar butir soal memenuhi kriteria validitas dan reliabilitas yang baik, meskipun terdapat beberapa soal yang perlu diperbaiki dalam hal tingkat kesulitan dan daya pembeda. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi pengembangan materi ajar dan penyusunan soal evaluasi di bidang akuntansi. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat berkontribusi pada peningkatan kualitas pendidikan akuntansi di SMK serta membantu guru dalam merancang soal yang lebih efektif untuk mengukur kompetensi siswa dalam menghadapi tantangan dunia kerja yang semakin kompleks.

Teachers are central to making learning successful. The skills possessed by the teacher determine the learning that takes place in the classroom. These skills are not only hard skills that teachers must possess, but also soft skills. Basic literacy will be a means to develop teachers' soft skills in managing learning in the classroom. This community service aims to provide teachers with an understanding of the basic literacy skills that teachers possess through self-motivation. In SDN 02 Bojongmenteng, Leuwidamar, Lebak Regency, Banten Province, this community service was conducted for 10 teachers. The flow of community service begins with planning, licensing, workshops, mentoring, support, evaluation and reflection. There is a significant increase in basic literacy and soft skills development, especially in digital literacy, communication, classroom management and character development. Teacher-owned self-motivation is not just motivation, but structured and sustained self-motivation mentoring.

Christian teachers have an important responsibility in guiding students to know God's word and build a close relationship with God. This research aims to identify the role of Christian teachers in helping students face life's challenges through teaching based on spiritual and biblical values. The research was conducted using qualitative methods with a case study approach in one Christian school. The research results show that Christian religious teachers act as spiritual guides, role models and motivators for students to strengthen their faith, as well as provide solutions based on God's word in facing various life challenges. Thus, the role of Christian religious teachers is very strategic in forming students' characters who are spiritually and morally strong.

The Great Mosque of Demak is one of the oldest mosques on the island of Java, this mosque was built in the 15th century AD, with a unique architectural style that reflects the acculturation of Hindu-Javanese culture in harmony with Islamic principles. In writing this article, the author uses a qualitative approach method with a descriptive method. This approach was chosen to deeply understand the phenomenon of the form and space of the architecture of the Great Mosque of Demak through direct observation and data analysis. The acculturation of Hindu-Buddhist culture seen in the Great Mosque of Demak is found in the use of the tumpeng concept on its roof which is similar to the shape of a Hindu-Buddhist temple and also the shape of the pillars and the structure of the room are inspired by the Hindu-Buddhist pendopo architecture. Acculturation of Javanese culture is also applied to its roof which is in the form of a three-tiered pyramid, the use of wood as a building material, four main pillars (Saka Guru), Bulus ornaments, and Tajug typology. The Great Mosque of Demak is one of the most prominent examples of cultural and architectural acculturation in Indonesia. This mosque has succeeded in uniting local Javanese elements with Islamic traditions, creating a unique and meaningful building.

Education plays a vital role in shaping the character and quality of human resources, with teachers as key figures who serve as educators, mentors, and role models for students. One crucial factor that significantly impacts a teacher's success is the application of the professional code of ethics, which serves as a moral and professional guide in carrying out their duties. This code of ethics governs the attitudes, behaviors, and responsibilities of teachers toward students, the community, and colleagues. The implementation of the code of ethics not only ensures the integrity and professionalism of teachers but also influences the teacher-student relationship, ultimately fostering a conducive learning environment.The teacher's code of ethics functions as a moral guideline that regulates the behavior, attitudes, and responsibilities of teachers toward students, society, and fellow colleagues. The application of this code of ethics greatly impacts the relationship between teachers and students in the learning process. This study aims to analyze the application of the teacher's code of ethics and its effects on interactions that occur in the classroom. A qualitative approach was used in this research to explore the experiences and perspectives of both teachers and students regarding the implementation of the code of ethics in teaching. The results indicate that the application of the code of ethics strengthens the professional relationship between teachers and students, creates a fair, inclusive, and respectful learning environment. The teacher's code of ethics encourages teachers to act with fairness, maintain integrity, and uphold confidentiality, which positively affects the quality of learning. However, challenges in its implementation, such as balancing emotional closeness and professionalism and ensuring objectivity in assessment, must still be addressed. Overall, consistent implementation of the code of ethics can foster healthy, productive relationships and support the creation of a more effective and dignified learning process.      

This research is motivated by the teacher's low awareness of the importance of implementing learning evaluation during the teaching and learning process, causing a lack of students' understanding of the subject matter. This study aims to find out how teacher competence is in carrying out learning evaluation in the Al Quran Hadith subject for class XI at MAN 2 Agam. This study uses a type of qualitative research with data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques use data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results obtained were that the competence of teachers in carrying out learning evaluations in the Al Quran Hadith subject was still low. Based on the results of observations and interview results, the author observed 29 aspects of the assessment. Found for low size with a number of 58.6, medium with a high number of 24.1 and 13.7. So it was concluded that the teacher's ability to carry out learning evaluation in class XI was still low.

The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of the teacher's code of ethics on the student learning process. The research used quantitative research methods with a sample of 100 secondary school teachers and 200 students. The research results show that a teacher's code of ethics has a significant impact on the learning process, especially on improving the quality of teaching, developing students' self-confidence, and creating a positive learning environment. A teacher's code of ethics also influences students' learning motivation and academic achievement. Therefore, there is a need to increase awareness and practice of teachers' codes of ethics in the learning process. The Teacher Code of Ethics provides guidelines for teachers in carrying out their duties as educators, community members and citizens. This Code of Ethics is designed to ensure that teachers act and behave in accordance with high moral and professional standards. The influence of a teacher's code of ethics on the learning process can be studied from various aspects, such as: B. Teacher behavior in the classroom, teacher-student relationships, and teacher professional development efforts. The Teacher Code of Ethics emphasizes the importance of developing positive professional relationships with students. Teachers who adhere to a code of ethics tend to care more about students' welfare, respect differences, and create an inclusive learning environment. Additionally, students' personal data will be treated as confidential and data breaches will be prevented.