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The purpose of this study was to illuminate how students understand various types of sentences, especially single sentences, compound sentences, and compound sentences, and to develop and implement flipbooks as a learning aid in grade V of SD Negeri 12 Kota Langsa. This study was conducted through a qualitative approach using observation, interviews, and documentation to collect data. The results showed that conventional learning methods and the lack of interactive media caused most students to still have difficulty in distinguishing the structure and use of sentence types. There is evidence that the use of visual and interactive flipbook media can improve students' understanding and encourage them to actively participate in the learning process. Flipbooks are able to create a more interesting and meaningful learning environment, despite technical constraints such as limited digital devices. This study found that flipbooks are an effective alternative for teaching Indonesian to elementary school students by improving their language skills.

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a sudden and massive shift from face-to-face (offline) learning to online learning across all levels of education, including elementary schools. This article aims to analyze the transformation process, identify the challenges faced, and examine adaptive strategies implemented by educators during and after the pandemic. Using a qualitative approach through literature review, the study reveals several key issues such as unequal access to technology, limited digital competence among teachers, and the crucial role of parental support at the elementary level. It also explores how blended learning and creative media usage emerged as practical solutions. The findings highlight the need for sustainable digital education models that are inclusive, adaptive, and supportive of students' developmental needs in the post-pandemic era.

This study aims to analyze the role of fitness development in shaping the discipline and physical resilience of students at UPT SPF SD Negeri 107405 Sei Rotan. The research is motivated by the importance of holistic character education at the elementary level, where fitness does not only focus on physical fitness, but mental formation and discipline. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design, involving observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that structured activities, such as morning gymnastics, flag ceremonies, and scouting, succeeded in integrating the values of discipline, physical and mental resilience contextually. Students not only become fitter, but also show improvements in time discipline, cooperation, and resilience to challenges. This finding is strengthened by the testimony of teachers stating that routine habituation in the classroom creates a school culture that is conducive to character development. This study recommends the development of more creative and collaborative wellness programs involving parents and the community. The implications of this research provide a practical contribution to strengthening character education in elementary schools through a close approach.

This study aims to analyze the abilities and challenges of grade IV elementary school students in writing argumentative sentences. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach of case study methods on ten students in one of the public elementary schools in Jambi City. Data were obtained through an argumentative sentence writing test and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model which includes data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results of the study show that students' ability to write argumentative sentences still varies. Most of the students have been able to convey their opinions in a concise and relevant manner, but there are still obstacles in the mechanical aspects of writing such as the use of spelling, punctuation, and sentence structure. These findings show the need for a learning strategy that can develop argumentative writing skills systematically and logically. Toulmin's pattern-based approach and collaborative learning models such as Group Investigation are recommended to improve students' overall argumentative writing skills from the elementary school level.

This study aims to analyze the abilities and challenges of grade IV elementary school students in writing argumentative sentences. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach of case study methods on ten students in one of the public elementary schools in Jambi City. Data were obtained through an argumentative sentence writing test and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model which includes data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results of the study show that students' ability to write argumentative sentences still varies. Most of the students have been able to convey their opinions in a concise and relevant manner, but there are still obstacles in the mechanical aspects of writing such as the use of spelling, punctuation, and sentence structure. These findings show the need for a learning strategy that can develop argumentative writing skills systematically and logically. Toulmin's pattern-based approach and collaborative learning models such as Group Investigation are recommended to improve students' overall argumentative writing skills from the elementary school level.

Strengthening character at the elementary school (SD) level has a very important role in forming moral and ethical foundations for students. One approach that can be used to strengthen student character is through a habituation program. This research aims to determine the effect of the habituation program on strengthening the character of students at SDN No. 67 East City Gorontalo City. The type of research used is quantitative research with a non-experimental (correlational) research design. The population in this study were all students in grades I-VI of SDN No. 67 East City of Gorontalo, namely 140 people. The sample in this study were students of class IV-VI of SDN No. 67 East City, totaling 62 people. The results of the research show that there is an influence of the habituation program on strengthening the character of students at SDN No. 67 East City, Gorontalo City, meaning that the better the way the program is managed and implemented, the greater the influence it will have on strengthening character. The influence of the habituation program on strengthening students' character reached 38.8%, the remaining 61.2% was influenced by other factors.

This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using the Wordwall application in learning Indonesian for elementary school students. Wordwall is a digital platform based on educational games that allows teachers to create interactive learning activities online and offline. The research method used is classroom action with two cycles, where each cycle includes the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. The results of the study indicate that the use of Wordwall can increase student interest, motivation, and engagement during learning. This application helps teachers in delivering material in a fun way, and is able to encourage active student participation in the learning process. Thus, Wordwall is proven to be an effective and relevant learning media to be applied in teaching Indonesian at the elementary school level.

The EMANHOT programme (Education in Horticultural Planting) aims to instil environmental awareness in grade 1 students of Winduhaji State Elementary School 1 through a contextual and project-based learning approach. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with the research subjects being 45 students from classes 1A and 1B. Activities range from initial education about the benefits of plants, direct planting practices, to monitoring and reflection. The results show a significant increase in student involvement in caring for the plants, as well as the development of character values such as responsibility, cooperation, and environmental concern. Students became more active in watering the plants, naming their plants, and engaging their parents in planting at home. This project also creates an educational green space at school and has the potential to be integrated with local content as well as the Strengthening the Profile of Pancasila Students Project (P5).

This study aims to determine the effect of the application of the cooperative learning model on the ability to collaborate, communicate, and student learning outcomes in grade 2 of SD Negeri 31 Muaro. This study uses a qualitative approach with the interview method as the main data collection technique. Information was obtained through in-depth interviews with classroom teachers who have applied the cooperative learning model in the learning process. The results of the study show that the application of the cooperative learning model has a positive impact on students' ability to work together, improve communication skills between students, and contribute to improving student learning outcomes in general. Teachers state that students become more active, help each other in groups, and are more courageous to express their opinions. These findings indicate that the cooperative learning model can be an alternative effective learning strategy to improve the social and academic aspects of students at the elementary school level.

This research aims to explore the challenges and opportunities in implementing character education through Social Sciences (IPS) learning in elementary schools, especially at MIN 1 Metro. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data was collected through interviews, observation and literature study. The research results show that the main challenge lies in the diversity of student backgrounds and differences in character based on gender, which requires a different and more personalized teaching approach. On the other hand, the Independent Curriculum provides great opportunities with flexibility in planning and implementing learning that is integrated with character values. Strategies such as value reflection, collaboration between students, and strengthening teacher-student relationships have proven effective in instilling values ​​such as honesty, responsibility, tolerance, and cooperation. This research concludes that character education can be implemented optimally if it is supported by an adaptive curriculum, appropriate teaching strategies, and active involvement of teachers and parents.

Learning styles play an important role in influencing how students receive learning provided by teachers. This study aims to identify students' learning styles during the learning process at the elementary school level. Using a qualitative approach, this study describes and explains the variations in students' learning styles. The results of the study showed that students in grade IV of SDN 19 Nan Sabaris have various learning styles, where 21.43% of students discuss auditory learning styles, 64.29% visual learning styles, and 11.29% kinesthetic learning styles. From these results, it can be concluded that the most dominant learning style is the visual learning style, which shows that students find it easier to understand learning materials through what they see compared to what they hear. Therefore, it is important for teachers to understand students' learning styles in order to determine the right strategies and media in learning activities. In addition, parents are also expected to be able to create a conducive learning environment according to the needs of their children, so that the learning process becomes more effective.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of traditional games as a strategy for instilling multicultural values and character education in elementary school students. Employing a qualitative approach, this research explores the potential of traditional games in shaping attitudes of tolerance, cooperation, and mutual respect for differences among students. The results indicate that traditional games are not only entertainment but also an effective learning medium for instilling positive values and strengthening students' character in the context of cultural diversity.

This study explores the perceptions of teachers at State Elementary School 13/1 Muara Bulian regarding the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum, focusing on two main aspects: its appealing features and the administrative challenges encountered. The Merdeka Curriculum is designed to offer more flexible learning, emphasize differentiated instruction, and strengthen student character through contextual projects based on the Profile of Pancasila Students. However, in practice, teachers face considerable administrative burdens, such as preparing teaching modules, reporting formative assessments, and managing the Pancasila Student Profile Reinforcement Projects (P5). Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews and observations involving directly engaged teachers. The findings show that while teachers appreciate the pedagogical freedom provided by the curriculum, they also express concerns over the increasing administrative demands, which are often unsupported by adequate training and resources. Therefore, practical measures are needed to offer professional assistance and streamline administrative tasks so that the Merdeka Curriculum can be implemented more effectively without overburdening educators.

This research is motivated by the problem of the available LKPD still not being This research is motivated by the problem of the available LKPD still not being optimal in terms of development and use so that students are less interested in participating in learning. This is due to the lack of teacher motivation in creating innovative LKPD. Have never developed Student Worksheets (LKPD) based on Project Based Learning (PjBL) in learning, especially in science and science learning. Based on these problems, this research aims to develop PjB-based LKPD for science and science learning in class IV elementary schools that is valid, practical and effective. The type of research carried out is development research using the ADDIE development model. The test school was class IV students at SDN 12 Sintuk Toboh Gadang, while the research school was class IV students at SDN 11 Lubuk Alung. The research results obtained that the LKPD had a material validity level of 84.9%, language validity 88.8%, media validity 87.5% in the valid category. while the practicality test at the trial school obtained a percentage of 93.33%, for the teacher response questionnaire and 93.4% for the student response questionnaire in the very practical category. Furthermore, the practicality test at the research school obtained results of 90% for the teacher response questionnaire and 92.16% for the student response questionnaire in the very practical category. In the LKPD effectiveness test in the trial school the percentage was 89.64% and in the research school the percentage was 93% with both categories being very effective. It can be concluded that PjBL-based LKPD in grade IV elementary school science learning can be declared valid, practical and effective for use in the learning process.

This study aims to describe the implementation of the "Akhbārīyah" strategy in teaching Arabic news text reading and to analyze its impact on improving the Arabic language skills of fifth-grade students at SDN Puspan Maron Probolinggo. The research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design. Instruments used included observations, reading skill tests, and documentation. The results indicated that the implementation of the "Akhbārīyah" strategy significantly enhanced students' reading abilities, expanded their vocabulary, and improved their understanding of Arabic sentence structures. Furthermore, this strategy increased students' motivation and interest in learning Arabic through engaging and contextual news texts. These findings suggest that the "Akhbārīyah" strategy is effective as an alternative method for enhancing Arabic language skills at the elementary school level.

The rapid advancement of technology in the field of education has provided numerous opportunities to enhance the learning experience. This study focuses on the development of an Android-based learning media for introducing rare plants, specifically designed for elementary school students. The application utilizes Unity 3D to create an engaging and interactive learning environment. By integrating English language learning with botany education, the application aims to enrich students' knowledge about rare plants while simultaneously improving their English language skills. This phase is followed by the design and development stages, where Unity 3D is used to create 3D models and interactive features. The application is designed to provide an interactive and enjoyable learning experience for elementary school students to explore rare plants. By using the Android platform and Unity 3D technology, the application allows students to discover various plant names in English. Results from a trial with 20 respondents on the Android-based learning media for introducing rare plants showed that 49.35% strongly agreed, 49.25% agreed, 1.37% were unsure, 0% disagreed, and 0% strongly disagreed.

This study investigates the influence of the implementation of the Independent Curriculum (Kurikulum Merdeka) and classroom management on student learning outcomes in public elementary schools across the Indralaya District, Ogan Ilir Regency. Employing a quantitative research method with a correlational approach, data were collected through questionnaires distributed to teachers and through documentation of student performance. The findings reveal that both the application of the Independent Curriculum and effective classroom management significantly contribute to improving student learning outcomes. The study emphasizes the importance of teacher competence in managing classrooms and delivering the curriculum in a way that promotes student engagement and academic achievement. These results highlight the need for continuous professional development and support in implementing educational reforms at the elementary level.

This journal discusses the implementation of This seminar discusses the importance of Cultivating Elementary School Children's Creativity through Project-Based Learning": This seminar discusses how to integrate creative projects into the elementary school curriculum to enhance children's creativity and skills.

This study aims to provide a detailed and in-depth description of school leadership, obstacles, and solutions in improving teachers' abilities to implement the Merdeka Curriculum at SD 134 Palembang. The research was conducted from December to February 2025 at SD 134 Palembang, involving 48 teachers and 7 educational staff as samples. The study employed a qualitative descriptive research approach, utilizing data collection techniques through interviews, field observations, and triangulation.The principal of SD 134 Palembang has fostered a positive school environment, evident in their active role in enhancing teachers' competencies in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum. The Merdeka Curriculum grants schools and teachers greater autonomy in designing learning that aligns with students' needs and potential. This necessitates teachers possessing adequate capabilities to effectively implement the Merdeka Curriculum. This study aimed to improve teachers' abilities at SD 134 Palembang in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum through training and mentoring.The study employed a qualitative method with a classroom action research design. The research subjects were the teachers at SD 134 Palembang. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed using qualitative data analysis techniques.The findings revealed that training and mentoring were effective in enhancing teachers' capabilities in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum.

This study aims to describe the ability to read literal thinking comprehension of grade III students of SDIT Ridhotullah through cognitive and psychomotor assessments. The method used is quantitative descriptive with five students as subjects. The instruments consist of cognitive tests (multiple choice, short answers, essays) and psychomotor assessments (reading aloud, arranging sequences of events). The results show that all students are in the very good category for the cognitive aspect, with scores of 88–96%. In the psychomotor aspect, four students are in the very good category and one student is in the good category. This finding emphasizes the importance of developing assessment instruments that are appropriate to the characteristics of student development to improve basic literacy.