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This study aims to explore Al-Syarqawi’s concept of learning motivation and its relevance to the development of students’ interest in learning within the framework of modern Islamic education. The research adopts a qualitative approach with a library research method and applies content analysis to Al-Ta’allum: Al-Nadhariyat wa Al-Tatbiqiyyah and other relevant references. The results show that Al-Syarqawi places motivation as a fundamental condition that determines the continuity and success of the learning process. Motivation, both intrinsic and extrinsic, covers spiritual, psychological, social, and biological dimensions that guide students toward meaningful learning experiences. Al-Syarqawi emphasizes that spiritual motivation should be integrated into the educational process to create balance between intellectual development and moral-spiritual growth. His thought remains relevant to holistic and character-based education, especially in the context of the Merdeka Curriculum, which promotes student independence, creativity, and moral responsibility. Thus, this study contributes to enriching Islamic educational thought by providing an integrative perspective that harmonizes spiritual, psychological, and pedagogical values to enhance students’ motivation and learning engagement.

This study aims to analyze the meaning of the message in Pertamina’s advertisement “Gerakan Kebaikan Lampaui Batasan” (Movement of Kindness Beyond Limits) using Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotic theory, which consists of three main elements: representamen (sign), object, and interpretant. The advertisement features various social and visual actions that reflect the spirit of kindness, inclusivity, and care for others. Through the analysis of visual signs such as gestures, facial expressions, and symbols of solidarity, the study reveals that Pertamina seeks to build a positive corporate image through a strong humanitarian message. The signs used in the advertisement convey the importance of empathy, social collaboration, and respect for diversity. The advertisement not only promotes the brand but also functions as an educational tool, instilling moral and social values in the audience. By using Peirce’s semiotics, this research uncovers the deeper meanings embedded in the advertisement’s visual elements, demonstrating how the company connects with society through values that transcend business objectives.

This study aims to analyze gender representation in the L’Oréal Paris Elvive Extraordinary Oil advertisement using Sara Mills’ Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach. The advertisement functions not only as a promotional medium for hair-care products but also as a site of meaning production that shapes social constructions of beauty, women’s roles, and power relations within society. Through the visuals and narrative presented, women are portrayed as the central focus as well as symbols of ideal beauty, characterized by shiny hair, an elegant appearance, and a confident demeanor. The analysis shows that women in the advertisement are positioned primarily as visual objects, while the L’Oréal Paris brand takes the role of the subject that provides solutions to women’s problems—specifically damaged hair. The use of the iconic slogan “Because you’re worth it” constructs a discourse suggesting that women’s self-worth and personal value are closely tied to physical appearance, especially the condition of their hair. Thus, the advertisement not only delivers commercial messages but also carries ideological implications about beauty standards that women are expected to meet. This study concludes that advertising plays a crucial role in reproducing contemporary gender norms and influences how society interprets women’s identity and value through the visual representations it presents.

This study aims to examine the contribution of educational psychology in the context of Christian education, particularly for educators, school principals, Christian Religious Education (CRE) teachers, Sunday school teachers, pastors, elders, and church servants. This theoretical study shows that educational psychology helps in understanding the characteristics of learners, optimizing teaching methods, building effective teacher-student relationships, and enhancing motivation and involvement in the learning and preaching process. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, collecting data through a review of books, literature, journals, notes, and relevant reports. Educational psychology plays a significant role for all those involved in Christian education and ministry. CRE teachers and Sunday school teachers have a crucial role in instilling faith values in the younger generation by understanding the learning needs of children according to their cognitive and spiritual development stages. This enables them to deliver God's word in an engaging and meaningful way. Meanwhile, pastors, elders, and church servants require an understanding of educational psychology to carry out more wise pastoral ministry. Psychological understanding helps them provide spiritual guidance, counseling, and support for members who are struggling. Educational psychology also equips church servants to lead with empathy, listen with their hearts, and guide the congregation towards true spiritual restoration. The integration of educational psychology with Christian faith significantly impacts the improvement of learning and church ministry, producing individuals who are intellectually, emotionally, and spiritually balanced.

The issue of gender equality in Qur'anic interpretation remains a profound problem, particularly when biased lexical interpretations obscure the liberating theological principles of the text. This article aims to analyze the concept of "zauj" in the Qur'an and its relevance as a foundation for gender equality. This research employs a qualitative approach, utilizing Toshihiko Izutsu's semantic analysis method and contemporary Qur'anic hermeneutics. The findings reveal that "zauj" is a cosmological principle of paired creation, implying equality, compatibility, and reciprocity. The reduction of the meaning of "zauj" to merely "wife" in many traditional interpretations constitutes a semantic distortion that perpetuates gender inequality. The gender-based relational disparities that occur are more due to patriarchal interpretive structures than the universal message of the Qur'an itself. The concept of "zauj" instead offers a paradigm of equal and complementary relations, which can form the basis for reconstructing gender-just family ethics in Islam. Therefore, the deconstruction of interpretive hegemony and the holistic reconstruction of the meaning of "zauj" are essential prerequisites for realizing egalitarian and just gender relations in Islam.

Learning mathematics not only focuses on mastering concepts and calculation skills, but also requires creating a conducive learning environment so that students can think critically, logically, and creatively. A conducive learning environment plays a crucial role in fostering student motivation and active engagement, making the success of the learning process highly dependent on the strategies implemented by the teacher. This research aims to describe mathematics teachers' strategies in creating a conducive learning environment thru the application of active and contextual learning strategies. The method used is library research, which involves collecting and reviewing various scientific sources such as books, journals, and academic articles relevant to the research topic. The research results indicate that active learning strategies are able to increase student participation, strengthen reasoning abilities, and foster learning motivation. Teachers play an important role as facilitators, motivators, mediators, and evaluators, directly influencing the learning climate in the classroom. Contextual learning strategies like REACT (Relating, Experiencing, Applying, Cooperating, Transferring) have proven effective in connecting mathematical concepts with students' real-life experiences and creating a fun and meaningful learning environment. In addition, humanistic classroom management, the use of technology, and adapting learning to students' different abilities are supporting factors in achieving a conducive learning environment. The implications of this research indicate that the success of mathematics learning is not solely determined by the methods used, but also by the teacher's ability to build positive relationships with students and create an interactive, adaptive learning environment that optimally fosters students' potential development.

Early childhood education plays a crucial role in building the foundation for children’s cognitive, social, emotional, and creative development. Creativity is an essential aspect that must be stimulated through meaningful and contextual play activities. This study aims to describe the process and outcomes of developing children’s creativity through the implementation of loose part play with the theme “School Environment” at TK Tunas Karya III Sukanagara. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach involving 64 children from group A and group B, along with their accompanying teachers. Data were collected through participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation of the children’s creative works during the activities. The results reveal that loose part play effectively enhances children’s creativity. The children demonstrated improvements in divergent thinking, imagination, and self-confidence. Moreover, they became more environmentally aware, utilized recycled materials to create new objects, and exhibited collaboration and responsibility in group activities. Teachers played an essential role as facilitators who provided support and guidance throughout the exploration process. The loose part approach aligns with the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum, which emphasizes active, participatory, and experience-based learning for young children. This study provides practical implications for early childhood educators to design creative learning experiences that are low-cost, environmentally friendly, and relevant to the children’s real-life context.

Clothing is not only a primary clothing worn as body protection in everyday life, but has developed into clothing as a work of art. One of them is clothing designed for a big event with certain friends such as carnival or carnival clothing. Carnival costumes are designed to display creativity, joy, and cultural diversity. The design is often inspired by local cultural elements, such as mythology, flora, fauna, or traditional symbols. Carnival costumes are made of various materials, such as cloth, feathers, sequins, glitter, and others. This clothing is made to create a striking, beautiful, and eye-catching appearance. The author considers the historical background, mythology, architecture, and local culture related to temples in Indonesia, can produce carnival costumes that are not only visually appealing, but also rich in meaning and cultural values. The general objective of this study is to determine how the Development of Carnival Costumes with Prambanan Temple Architectural Inspiration. The method used is using the Research and Development (R&D) approach through the ADDIE development model. Each stage of ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) is used to systematically direct the costume creation process, from identifying needs to evaluating the final results. Determining factors such as measurements, errors, and weight of the clothing. Ergonomic design will allow carnival participants to move freely and comfortably.

This research is motivated by the shift in the meaning of modern education which tends to emphasize cognitive and materialistic aspects, while the spiritual and moral dimensions are increasingly marginalized. The purpose of this research is to reinterpret the nature of education , learning , and schooling from an Islamic educational perspective through a conceptual analysis of the integration of spiritual and scientific values. The research method used is qualitative with a library research approach , using secondary data obtained from various classical and contemporary literature related to Islamic educational philosophy. The results show that Islamic education views education as a process of forming manners and divine awareness, learning as a spiritual and intellectual journey towards divine truth, and schooling as a space of civilization that unites knowledge, faith, and charity. The integration of spiritual and scientific values is the main foundation in the development of a holistic and civilized Islamic education system, so that it is able to produce knowledgeable, faithful, and noble human beings in accordance with the true purpose of Islamic education.

The Molodhen tradition is one of the ways to celebrate the birth of Prophet Muhammad SAW, which is still preserved by the Madurese community to this day. This tradition is not only rich in religious meaning but also contains several crucial Islamic educational values for shaping the character of the community. This study aims to examine the Islamic educational values found in the Molodhen tradition, including values of cooperation, empathy and social care, creativity and aesthetics, as well as educational values. The results of the analysis show that the value of cooperation is evident in the community's togetherness during event preparations, the values of empathy and social care appear through the habit of helping each other and sharing sustenance, the values of creativity and aesthetics can be seen from the beauty of decorations and showcased art, and the educational value is reflected in instilling religious attitudes, a sense of responsibility, and togetherness among the younger generation.  Thus, the Molodhen tradition plays a significant role as a tool for social and spiritual learning that reinforces Islamic values in the life of the Madurese community.

This study discusses the shift in the meaning of delinquency in Articles 2 and 3 of the Corruption Crime Law (Corruption Law) which has an impact on law enforcement for corrupt perpetrators. In practice, the element of state losses must be clearly proven so that the perpetrator can be held criminally responsible. However, there is a phenomenon of corrupt perpetrators who return state losses to obscure the elements of loss as stipulated in Article 2 of the Corruption Law, so that they have the potential to escape criminal snare. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach, through literature studies and studies of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 25/PUU-XIV/2016. The results of the study show that the basis of the applicants' application in the decision is divided into four aspects, namely the authority of the Constitutional Court, the legal standing of the applicant, the object of the application, and the reason for the application. The Constitutional Court judge in the decision considered three main aspects, namely the authority of the Constitutional Court, the legal standing of the applicant, and the subject matter of the application. The judge's legal considerations emphasized that the phrase "may" in Article 2 paragraph (1) and Article 3 of the Corruption Law caused legal uncertainty, so that the nature of the offense in the two articles changed to a formal offense. This has an impact on uncertain and fair legal protection for applicants and has serious implications for law enforcement of corruption crimes in Indonesia.

Social Studies (IPS) learning in elementary schools plays a crucial role in fostering students’ social awareness, which includes understanding social values, developing empathy, and participating responsibly in community life. However, in practice, Social Studies learning often remains theoretical and textbook-centered, making students’ learning experiences less meaningful and disconnected from real-life contexts. To address this issue, utilizing the surrounding environment as a learning resource offers an effective alternative by bringing real social situations into the learning process. This study aims to analyze the concepts, implementation, and impact of environmental utilization on enhancing elementary students’ social awareness. The research employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method by reviewing relevant scholarly articles obtained from national and international databases such as Garuda, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, using the keywords “environment as a learning resource in Social Studies” and “students’ social awareness.” The findings reveal that the use of the surrounding environment as a learning resource promotes students’ critical thinking, empathy, and social concern through contextual and participatory learning experiences. Moreover, teachers play a pivotal role in designing project-based and field-observation activities that strengthen the internalization of social values. Therefore, Social Studies learning that integrates environmental resources is proven to be effective in shaping students’ social character from an early age and supports the realization of holistic, active, and life-oriented education.  

This article responds to the challenge of contextualizing Laudato Si's teachings on integral ecology in the Indonesian Catholic Church. This study examines the concept of "Mother Earth" as a symbol of local wisdom that has the potential to be used as a theological foundation in the inculturation process. Through textual analysis and theological-contextual reflection, this qualitative research explores the meaning of "Mother Earth" as the personification of the earth and dialogues it critically with integral ecological principles. The results of the study show that the values of harmony, mutual cooperation, and respect in the concept of "Mother Earth" have a deep compatibility with the vision of Laudato Si'. This symbol of integration not only strengthens contextual ecological spirituality, but also gives birth to praxis implications in the form of liturgical models, catechesis, and ecologically minded community assistance. In addition, the integration of local values provides space for the people to understand the relationship between humans and nature as a unit that supports each other, not as a relationship of exploitation. This approach opens up opportunities for the formation of ecological consciousness that is rooted in the nation's culture and is in harmony with the teachings of the universal Church. Thus, the inculturation based on "Mother Earth" offers a model to deepen the role of the Church in building a civilization of love in Indonesia and strengthen the collective commitment to environmental sustainability.

Music and song lyrics serve as a means of self-expression capable of conveying messages, feelings, and representing a person's self-concept in the face of reality and social expectations. This research focuses on a semiotic analysis of the lyrics of the song "Mengenal Lebih Jauh" by Nuca to identify the representation of self-concept and individual understanding of themselves amidst complex social demands. This research aims to reveal an analysis of self-concept representation in the lyrics of the song "Mengenal Lebih Jauh" by Nuca. Using Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotic analysis approach, the researcher attempts to uncover the meaning within the lyrics of the song "Mengenal Lebih Jauh." The results of this study reveal that the lyrics of the song "Mengenal Lebih Jauh" by Nuca contain a relationship between the signified and the signifier. The lyrics of this song are not just a beautiful sequence of words, but also a form of communication that expresses very human feelings and emotional experiences. The lyrics from the first to the sixth stanzas are a series of stories that depict a person's journey in understanding themselves and others.

The objective of this research is to improve student learning interest in nonfiction texts through the implementation of E-Litera, a digital-based interactive literacy media. This study utilized a classroom action research design conducted in two cycles involving 24 fourth-grade students at SDN Sidomulyo. Data were obtained from questionnaires, observations, interviews, and documentation. The results showed a significant improvement in student learning outcomes throughout the research process. In the pre-action phase, only 8 students (33.3%) achieved the minimum mastery criteria, while 16 students (66.7%) did not meet the criteria. This figure increased to 12 students (50%) in the first cycle, and significantly rose to 20 students (83.3%) in the second cycle. The enhanced performance in the final cycle reflects the effectiveness of E-Litera in providing visually engaging and structured content, which helped deepen students' understanding of nonfiction materials. These findings support the use of E-Litera as a meaningful and engaging digital media to foster reading interest and improve comprehension skills in elementary education. By using E-Litera, the teaching and learning process can be more effective and enjoyable, ultimately improving the quality of student learning.

This study aims to examine the effect of ownership structure on audit report lag (ARL) in State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Indonesia. The ownership structures studied include managerial ownership, government ownership, and institutional ownership. The research method used is a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis, using secondary data obtained from annual reports and audited financial statements of SOEs listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2023 period. The results show that managerial ownership has a negative effect on ARL, meaning that the higher the managerial ownership, the faster the audit report completion. Conversely, government ownership has a positive effect on ARL, indicating that the greater the government ownership, the longer the time required to complete the audit report. Institutional ownership also has a negative effect on ARL, indicating that companies with institutional ownership tend to be faster in completing audit reports. This study provides insight into the role of ownership structure in influencing the efficiency of audit report completion time in Indonesian SOEs.

Strengthening 21st century character and skill education is an important demand in today's learning transformation. Game-Based Learning (GBL)-based approaches such as Ludo are believed to present a learning process that is meaningful, fun, while forming positive values. This study aims to review and compare the results of previous studies on the application of GBL in the development of character and skills in the 21st century, especially in Arabic language learning. The method used is a simple systematic literature review of 12 scientific articles published in 2015–2025 obtained from selected scientific databases. The analysis was conducted based on three main dimensions: the game medium, the focus of learning (characters, 4Cs, vocabulary), and the method approach. The results of the study show that GBL is generally effective in improving vocabulary mastery and fostering collaboration, communication, and character values of students. Ludo media in particular has proven to be relevant as a means of value-based learning and interaction. However, studies that explicitly integrate Ludo-based GBL in Arabic language learning are still limited. This research is expected to be a conceptual basis for the development of innovative learning media that is integrative and in accordance with the challenges of 21st century education.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by Doratoon animation videos on students’ conceptual understanding in Social Studies for eighth-grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Sengah Temila. This research employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental method with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The population in this study consisted of all eighth-grade students, with two classes selected as samples using a purposive sampling technique. The experimental class was taught using the PBL model assisted by Doratoon animation videos, while the control class used Canva media. The research instrument was a multiple-choice test consisting of 20 questions administered before and after the treatment to measure students’ conceptual understanding. The data analysis results showed that the average N-Gain score of the experimental class was 21.6% (low category), while the control class scored 22.6% (low category). The independent sample t-test yielded a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant difference between the experimental and control classes. Therefore, the Problem-Based Learning model assisted by Doratoon animation videos was proven to be more effective than Canva media in improving students’ conceptual understanding in Social Studies. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for teachers in applying innovative learning media to support more interactive and meaningful learning.

This study explores the transformation of traditional worship values within the Klon tribe community in Alor, East Nusa Tenggara. Prior to their conversion to Christianity, the community practiced a religious system centered on mesbah (stone altars) where they worshiped ancestral spirits and local deities. The introduction of Christianity through inculturation led to a significant shift in worship practices, transitioning from rituals at the mesbah to those at the church pulpit. However, rather than losing their spiritual and communal values, these traditions adapted and were integrated into Christian practices. The study highlights how elements of local wisdom were preserved and transformed, creating a bridge between indigenous beliefs and Christian teachings. This transformation demonstrates that the core values of worship such as reverence for ancestors and community solidarity continued to play a role in the newly adopted Christian practices. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of understanding such cultural transformations, especially in the context of Christian Religious Education. It suggests that contextualizing religious teachings within local traditions and wisdom can foster a deeper, more meaningful connection to faith for communities undergoing cultural change. By valuing these local traditions, Christian Religious Education can become more relevant and impactful, encouraging a harmonious blending of old and new beliefs.

Folklore is a cultural artifact that stores local wisdom and timeless character education value. One of the folk tales from the Malay coast of Bengkalis that is full of meaning is Merbau Bersiram Blood, a legend about betrayal, slander and a fight for honor between two royal commanders. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach, this article traces the story as a representation of moral education in the construction of Malay culture. Narrative analysis of story line, characters, and symbolism shows how values ​​such as honesty, loyalty, and the consequences of injustice are subtly but powerfully embedded in the structure of the story. This story not only tells of a bloody tragedy, but also reflects the social mechanisms of Malay society in responding to betrayal and cultivating ethics. By re-exploring this story, this article raises the urgency of revitalizing oral traditions as a contextual and meaningful character learning medium, especially in local culture-based education ecosystems. Blood-Drenched Merbau is not just a legend, but a moral voice that echoes from the past for the future generation of Malays.