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This study aims to explore the impact of the use of technological tools on English curriculum planning in the modern era. Technology has become an important part of 21st century education, especially for generation Z who are very familiar with information and communication technology. This study identified significant benefits of technology, such as increased student engagement, self-directed learning, and the development of critical thinking skills. However, there are challenges that must be overcome, such as limited resources, inadequate teacher training, and potential distractions from non-educational content.This study used a qualitative approach, involving interviews with educators and surveys of students at the State Islamic University of North Sumatra. The results of the thematic analysis showed that technology integration can improve the quality of learning if these challenges are overcome through teacher training, cost-effective use of resources, and balanced technology use policies. Thus, technology can be a reliable and effective component in innovative and inclusive English curriculum planning.

This study explored the perceptions and challenges faced by senior high school students in utilizing web-based platforms for English language learning. Employing a literature review methodology, the study synthesized findings from recent studies to analyze the effectiveness, user experiences, and obstacles associated with digital learning tools in the context of language education. The study highlighted students' positive attitudes towards the accessibility and interactive features of web-based platforms while identifying challenges such as technical difficulties, limited digital literacy, and motivational issues. The review also examined the pedagogical implications of integrating web-based platforms into traditional learning environments, emphasizing the need for teacher training and support mechanisms to maximize learning outcomes. By providing a comprehensive overview of existing research, this study aimed to contribute to the discourse on leveraging technology for language learning in senior high schools and offers insights for future research and policy development.

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has drastically changed the global employment landscape, necessitating the comprehensive development of 21st-century skills in education systems. This study examines how private high schools in Indonesia implement 21st-century skills, focusing on the barriers faced, the strategies used, and their impact on student learning outcomes. We used a mixed-methods approach involving 200 students, 25 teachers, and 10 principals from five private high schools in Java. Data were collected through surveys, semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results revealed four main barriers: limited teacher preparedness, limited resources, difficulties in assessment, and resistance to changes in teaching methods. Effective strategies implemented included ongoing professional development programs, integrating learning technology, project-based learning, and strengthening teacher collaboration. Our findings demonstrate significant improvements in students' critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication skills in schools implementing the comprehensive strategy. This research provides theoretical contributions to understanding the implementation context in developing countries while offering practical implications for policy makers, school administrators, and educators in designing contextual and sustainable 21st-century skills development programs.

This final project presents the design and development of a digital microscope based on Raspberry Pi 4 integrated with Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The aim of this project is to create a digital microscope that allows real-time observation and data sharing over the internet, enhancing accessibility for researchers and students, especially in remote areas. The digital microscope utilizes a high-quality camera (Sony IMX307) for capturing images, which are processed by the Raspberry Pi 4 and displayed on a touchscreen LCD. This project not only facilitates remote learning and collaborative research but also aims to improve the efficiency of scientific observations. The methodology includes the design, assembly, and testing of the microscope, with a focus on functionality and user experience. The results indicate that the digital microscope successfully meets the objectives, providing an affordable and innovative solution for educational and research purposes. Further development and testing will enhance its capabilities, making it more suitable for diverse scientific applications.

This research aims to analyze the implementation of the curriculum at SMA Plus Al Raihan and identify factors that support and hinder the implementation process. The curriculum implemented at this school is designed to devlop the academic potential and character of students through an innovative learning approach based on Islamic values. Strategy implementation includes project-based-learning, thematic approaches, and integration of technology in the teaching and learning process. Apart from that, extracurricular programs and religious education activities also support strengthening student competencies hollistically. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide insight into the effectivenes of the curriculum in improving the quality of education and provide recommendations for curriculum development in Islamic-based schools.

Advances in science and learning technology that support spiritual, intellectual, social, emotional, and kinesthetic aspects can develop the potential of students. With the development in the world of education, technological media is needed as an alternative to today's teaching to improve the achievement of learning objectives.  The focus of this study aims to determine the planning, implementation and evaluation of learning in MIN 1 and MIN 2 Nganjuk. This type of research is qualitative. As directed by the type of qualitative research, the collected data are analyzed with the theory as presented in chapter II to obtain various interpretative descriptions according to logical and rational scientific research rules. The results of this study are the use of audiovisual media in learning in Indonesian language subjects at MIN 1 and MIN 2 Nganjuk as follows: a. Learning planning using audiovisual media in Indonesian language learning at MIN 1 and MIN 2 Nganjuk is planned coherently from learning objectives, materials, and media used. b. Implementation of the use of audiovisual media in Indonesian language learning at MIN 1 and MIN 2 Nganjuk shows that the use of audiovisual media can help teachers in delivering learning materials. c. Evaluation of teaching using audiovisual media in Indonesian language learning for teachers is done through peers as a reflection for teachers.

This study aims to explore the strategic role of teachers in building students' enthusiasm for learning amidst modern challenges, such as technological developments, the impact of the pandemic, and social change. The research methodology uses library research with content analysis to review relevant literature on learning strategies and student motivation. The results of the study indicate that the role of teachers as facilitators, motivators, inspirators, guides, and evaluators is very influential in increasing students' learning motivation. Innovative and adaptive teachers are able to create a fun, relevant, and interactive learning environment, so that students are more motivated to learn. This study highlights the importance of professional training for teachers and the integration of educational technology to overcome obstacles faced in the learning process.

Education in the modern era requires innovative approaches to address challenges such as ensuring equal comprehension among students. The Moving Class Mastery Learning (MCML) system implemented by MA Al Irsyad Berbasis Pesantren combines moving class and mastery learning approaches. MCML ensures students deeply understand concepts before progressing to new material, supported by digital technology and specialized teacher training. Initial results show significant improvements in learning motivation and student achievement, with 85% achieving optimal mastery levels. As a pesantren-based institution, MA Al Irsyad integrates the national curriculum with religious studies, emphasizing character education, entrepreneurship, bilingual programs, and local cultural arts training. Comprehensive evaluations ensure academic and character development. This approach reflects MA Al Irsyad's commitment to nurturing religious, competent individuals ready to meet global challenges.

Abstract. Pedagogical competence is the main ability that educators must have to manage learning effectively. This research aims to discuss the meaning of pedagogical competence, the application of learning theories, and the role of information and communication technology in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning. The research method used is literature analysis and theoretical study. The research results show that pedagogical competence includes the ability to understand student characteristics, design learning, and carry out comprehensive evaluations. The application of learning theories, such as behavioristic, cognitive, constructivist and humanistic, has been proven to support the effectiveness of PAI learning. Behavioristics helps build positive habits, cognitive improves deep understanding, constructivists encourage active participation, and humanistics develops students' potential holistically. Apart from that, the use of information and communication technology, such as e-learning, video conferencing and multimedia, is able to encourage learning that is innovative, interactive and in line with the needs of students in the digital era. Thus, the development of PAI teachers' pedagogical competence needs to continue to be improved through targeted training, optimal use of technology, and strengthening learning strategies to produce learning that is relevant to the needs of the times Abstrak Kompetensi pedagogik adalah kemampuan utama yang harus dimiliki oleh pendidik untuk mengelola pembelajaran secara efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas pengertian kompetensi pedagogik, penerapan teori belajar, serta peran teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis literatur dan kajian teoritis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi pedagogik mencakup kemampuan memahami karakteristik peserta didik, merancang pembelajaran, serta melakukan evaluasi secara komprehensif. Penerapan teori belajar, seperti behavioristik, kognitif, konstruktivistik, dan humanistik, terbukti mendukung efektivitas pembelajaran PAI. Behavioristik membantu membangun kebiasaan positif, kognitif meningkatkan pemahaman mendalam, konstruktivistik mendorong partisipasi aktif, dan humanistik mengembangkan potensi siswa secara holistik. Selain itu, pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, seperti e-learning, video konferensi, dan multimedia, mampu mendorong pembelajaran yang inovatif, interaktif, dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan peserta didik di era digital. Dengan demikian, pengembangan kompetensi pedagogik guru PAI perlu terus ditingkatkan melalui pelatihan yang terarah, penggunaan teknologi secara optimal, dan penguatan strategi pembelajaran untuk menghasilkan pembelajaran yang relevan dengan kebutuhan zaman.

This study examines the utilization of interactive PowerPoint as a learning media to enhance students' active participation in Pancasila subjects, specifically the material of Bhineka Tunggal Ika, using a descriptive qualitative research method. The primary objective of this study is to understand how interactive PowerPoint can be implemented in the learning process and how its use affects students' involvement in the classroom. The research was conducted at SMK PGRI 3 Kota Serang involving 43 tenth-grade multimedia students and one Pancasila teacher as participants. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with teachers and students, observations during the learning process, and analysis of documentation related to the implementation of interactive PowerPoint. Observations were conducted to assess classroom dynamics, student participation levels, and interactions that occurred during learning sessions. The results of the analysis indicate that the use of interactive PowerPoint significantly increased student involvement in learning. Students showed greater interest and actively participated in discussions and activities presented through PowerPoint. Teachers also reported that the material delivered with the help of interactive PowerPoint was easier to understand and more interesting for students. Several PowerPoint features, such as interactive quizzes and animations, proved effective in facilitating the understanding of the concept of Bhineka Tunggal Ika. This study concludes that interactive PowerPoint is an effective tool for enhancing students' active participation in Pancasila learning. The use of this media not only increases student involvement but also assists teachers in delivering material in a more engaging and interactive manner. These findings provide valuable insights into the integration of technology in education and offer recommendations for the development of more innovative learning methods.  

The purpose of this study is to discuss the role of educational philosophy in the development of educational theory and practice in Indonesia. Education is an essential component of human life. Education is critical in shaping human character and traits. The author employs qualitative research techniques. The author employs a literature review as a research method, while perusing and observing multiple written sources of information associated to the topic of educational philosophy's role in the formation of the Independent Learning Curriculum in the development of educational theory and practice in Indonesia. According to the research findings, the Independent Learning Curriculum is a curriculum designed by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology to give educational institutions flexibility in establishing a curriculum based on their unique requirements and features. The autonomous Learning Curriculum embodies the ethos of autonomous learning, specifically the spirit of student-centered learning. This paper concludes that theme learning is one of the learning approaches used in the Merdeka Belajar curriculum. This is consistent with the progressive educational concept, which holds that education must be focused on students' needs and interests.

This study discusses the scope of innovation diffusion in education in Indonesia. In essence, education plays a fairly essential role in shaping the quality of human resources that are able to face the challenges of the times. Along with global changes marked by technological developments and economic transformation, demands on the education system continue to increase. The researcher uses a Qualitative Literature Review which is carried out by the researcher reading and observing various written reference sources related to the scope of innovation in education in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that overall, the process of innovation diffusion in education involves various complex stages and requires support from all parties involved in the education system. Diffusion of educational innovation in general can be concluded as a very complex process and is influenced by various specific factors, both internally and externally in the educational environment.

Science Education (IPA) has a very important role in the development of science, technology, and in forming critical and analytical thinking patterns of students. Through science learning, students not only gain knowledge about scientific concepts, but are also trained to think critically, systematically, and creatively in dealing with various problems. One aspect that influences the success of science learning is cognitive psychology, which focuses on how individuals process, store, and remember information. Cognitive psychology plays an important role in designing effective learning strategies, which are tailored to the way students understand and manage information. In addition, the learning paradigm used in science education also greatly influences the success of learning. The two main paradigms that are widely considered in science learning are absolutism and constructivism. The absolutism paradigm argues that knowledge is absolute and must be accepted without change, while the constructivism paradigm assumes that knowledge is built through experience and active interaction with the environment. This article aims to explore how the tradition of cognitive psychology influences science learning and examines the differences in the impact of the two paradigms in the context of science education in Indonesia. This discussion is expected to provide a deeper understanding of the importance of applying cognitive psychology and selecting the right learning paradigm in improving the quality of science education.

Integration of digital technology in fiqh learning is an important aspect in the fast-paced information era, where access to educational materials is increasingly easy and diverse. This study aims to analyze the challenges faced in the application of digital technology in fiqh learning and identify effective strategies to overcome them. The research method used is a qualitative approach with literature studies and direct observation as the main data collection techniques. This study analyzes various academic sources, educational policy documents, and reports on fiqh learning practices that have implemented digital technology. In addition, observations were conducted at several fiqh educational institutions in Indonesia to understand the real context of technology application in learning. The results of the study indicate that the main challenges faced include lack of adequate training for teachers, inadequate technological infrastructure, and resistance to change from some parties. Nevertheless, the integration of digital technology has great potential in increasing student engagement and the effectiveness of fiqh learning. The proposed strategies include increasing ongoing training for teachers to improve digital skills, developing adaptive and responsive curricula to technological developments, and collaborating with third parties to provide necessary resources, such as learning software and applications. The conclusion of this study confirms that with the right approach, the integration of digital technology can enrich the experience of learning fiqh, improve understanding, and make fiqh materials more accessible. This study is expected to contribute to the development of more relevant and effective fiqh education in the digital era, as well as being a reference for educational policies that support technology integration.

The abstract of this research aims to explore the strategies implemented by Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) teachers in forming digital ethics in students in the era of social media. With the increasing use of social media among children and teenagers, digital ethics education has become crucial to ensure that students can use technology wisely and responsibly. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection methods through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and analysis of curriculum documents. The research results show that MI teachers integrate character values ​​into digital ethics learning, utilize group discussions, and use technology as a learning tool. Apart from that, collaboration with parents has also proven important in supporting digital ethics education. Despite challenges such as limited technological infrastructure and differences in student backgrounds, suggestions for increasing the effectiveness of digital ethics education include increasing teacher capacity, systematic curriculum development, and parental involvement. Thus, this research provides insight into the importance of digital ethics education in MI and the strategies that can be implemented to form an intelligent and characterful young generation in the era of social media. without any references or formulas.

The rapid development of information and communication technology has changed the way students access information and learn, making digital libraries an important resource for digital literacy learning in primary schools. This research aims to explore the role of digital libraries in enhancing digital literacy learning of primary school students. The methods used included a literature study and a survey of students and teachers in several primary schools. The results showed that digital libraries not only provide easy access to various information sources, but also provide tools and platforms that support the development of students' critical, analytical and creative skills. In addition, the digital library serves as a collaborative space that encourages interaction between students and teachers and between students and other learning resources. The implications of this study highlight the importance of integrating digital libraries into the school curriculum to maximise the learning potential of digital literacy among primary school students. Thus, the utilisation of digital libraries is expected to improve the quality of education and digital literacy skills of students in today's information age.

This study aims to analyze the trends of digitalization in Arabic language learning, focusing on the TikTok account of the Al-Azhar Arabic Course. In the modern era, the rapid development of digital technology has transformed educational practices, making learning processes more interactive, flexible, and accessible. TikTok, as one of the most popular social media platforms, offers a new approach to delivering educational content through engaging short videos. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method to understand the use of TikTok as a learning medium, including content patterns, user responses, and its effectiveness. Data were collected through content observation, interviews with account managers and users, and documentation of interactions on the platform. The findings indicate that the Al-Azhar Arabic Course TikTok account successfully captures the interest of young audiences with its varied and interactive content. Active interaction between account managers and users also enhances student engagement in the learning process. Despite challenges related to content quality and technological disparities, this study demonstrates that TikTok holds significant potential as an educational tool for introducing Arabic language to a broader audience. The research recommends that account managers continually update their content and evaluate its relevance and quality.  

This research aims to explore the role of the Christian Religious Education (PAK) curriculum in improving the spirituality of youth in Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach, this study involved in-depth interviews with teachers, students and practitioners of Christian Religious Education to obtain a holistic perspective regarding the influence of the curriculum on the formation of the spirituality of the younger generation. The research results show that the PAK curriculum has an important role in instilling moral values, strengthening faith, and forming the character of Christian youth. The implementation of a relevant and contextual curriculum allows young people to understand and appreciate religious teachings more deeply, so as to improve the quality of their relationships with God and each other. This research also found that there are challenges in implementing a curriculum that is able to adapt to current developments and technology without ignoring the substance of spirituality. Therefore, the success of the PAK curriculum in increasing youth spirituality is highly dependent on the active involvement of educators and educational institutions in creating an environment that supports learning that is holistic and relevant to the spiritual needs of today's youth.

The development of digital technology has a major impact on Arabic language learning, both in terms of opportunities and obstacles. This journal aims to identify opportunities and obstacles in Arabic language learning from the perspective of teachers and students. This research approach uses qualitative methods with interviews and literature studies to obtain a comprehensive picture of how digital technology can improve or hinder the Arabic language learning process. The results of the study indicate that the existence of digital technology provides many great opportunities for Arabic language learning, including: First, access to learning materials becomes wider. Second, there is global interaction. Third. Learning becomes more innovative and interesting. Fourth. Efficiency of time and place of learning. Fifth. The existence of digital technology can help advance educational institutions to the international level. However, there are also significant challenges from the existence of digital technology in Arabic language learning, including: First, the lack of maturity of teachers and students in using and utilizing digital technology. Second, there is digital distraction. Third, there is a technological gap and others.

The development of competent human resources (HR) is a top priority for improving the quality of life in society. In education, teachers' ability to enhance their skills is key to successful learning. However, many teachers struggle to adapt teaching methods to the demands of the digital era, especially in utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology. AI offers innovative solutions such as personalized learning and adaptive platforms that enhance the effectiveness of teaching and learning processes. This study examines the implementation of AI-based learning models and teacher training programs in Muhammadiyah schools in Semarang. Using the Training of Trainer (ToT) approach, the program equips teachers with skills such as using adaptive learning tools and AI-based evaluation systems. The study employs a mixed-methods approach involving practical training and result evaluation. The findings reveal improved digital literacy and confidence among teachers in using AI for interactive learning. In conclusion, AI has great potential to transform education, but its success depends on comprehensive, ethical, and sustainable strategies. The ToT program serves as a strategic step to empower teachers to face educational challenges in the digital era.