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One of the schedell examinations includes the examination of the orbital foramen, which aims to provide information on the presence or absence of abnormalities in the orbital region. Common abnormalities in the orbital foramen include foreign bodies, fractures, cellulitis, and tumors. This research is descriptive in nature, aiming to provide a complete description and explanation of the imaging of the orbital foramen. The study was conducted at the Radiology Department of Pertamedika Ummi Rosanti, Banda Aceh. The results of the study indicate that in the Rhese Method AP with a 37-degree angle of the orbital foramen in cases of cellulitis, there is no clear visualization of the mass in the orbital cavity, making it appear normal. Therefore, it can be concluded that for cellulitis cases, the Rhese Method AP and PA with 37-degree and 53-degree angulations are not suitable

Project-Based Learning is a learning model that uses projects as the core of learning (Permendikbud, 2014:20). This learning model is an innovative learning model that involves project work where students work independently in constructing their learning and culminating it in real products (Nanang Hanafiah and Cucu Suhana, 2009:30). Project Based Learning learning model is a learning strategy where students must build their own content knowledge and demonstrate new understanding through various forms of representation (NYC Department of Education 2009:8). characteristics of the PJBL Learning Model The Project Based Learning, learning model was developed based on the level of development of students' thinking, centered on students' learning activities so as to enable them to carry out activities according to their skills, comfort and learning interests. This model gives students the opportunity to determine for themselves the project they will work on, both in terms of formulating questions to be answered, choosing topics to research, and determining research activities to be carried out. The teacher's role in learning is as a facilitator, providing materials and work experience, encouraging students to discuss and solve problems, and ensuring students remain enthusiastic while they carry out the project.   Keywords: project-based learning model

Critical thinking skills are very necessary in life because in the 21st century critical thinking skills are really needed for students, because the 21st century is the era of information and technology. This research aims to determine the level of students' critical thinking abilities in science lessons and how often teachers give questions aimed at making students accustomed to and able to manage their thoughts to be more critical. This research uses research instruments in the form of 12 multiple choice critical thinking questions and 10 essays. In this study there were 6 multiple choice indicators and 5 essay indicators. This research method is quantitative research with a survey approach. Surveys are generally a way of collecting data from a number of units or individuals over a large and broad period of time. Based on the results of data processing and analysis regarding the ability to think critically of class VII students at SMPN 3 Lirik for the 2023/2024 academic year, they are categorized as less critical. Based on the results of research conducted by researchers in class VII at SMPN 3 Lirik, the percentage based on material about environmental pollution is multiple choice 53.7 % in the less critical category and the critical thinking ability essay is 6.09% in the less critical category.  Based on the results of data processing and analysis of research data that have been described, it can be concluded that the profile of the level of critical thinking abilities of science students in environmental pollution material for class VII SMPN 3 Lirik for the 2023/2024 academic year is in the less critical category.

Panjebar Selamat Magazine is a Javanese language magazine that provides various kinds of reading material, the contents of which contain character education values. Character education is the main thing, it is hoped that character education can become the most important foundation for Indonesian children to have good dignity. This research aims to explain the description and analyze the values ​​of character education in the children's discourse of Panjebar Spirit magazine. This research uses a sociological theoretical approach. The method used is qualitative descriptive analysis theory. The source of data used in this research is children's stories in the Panjebar Spirit magazine. The data used in this research are excerpts from children's stories in the Panjebar Spirit magazine. The instruments used were the researchers themselves and supporting instruments, namely the Panjebar Selamat magazine, books and stationery. Techniques for collecting data using reading, note-taking and describing techniques. The method of data analysis used in this research is by collecting data, classifying data, presenting data, and concluding data. The results of this research are independent character education, there are four parts, namely: hard work, creativity, discipline, and courage.

This study aims to analyze the application of the maxim of relevance in the film "Calon Lurah" by Hajar Pamuji using a pragmatic approach and descriptive qualitative methods. The focus of this research is on the dialogues between the characters in the film, which demonstrate adherence to the cooperative principle and the maxim of relevance, where each speaker's contribution is relevant to the topic or context of the conversation. Three main types of utterances were found in this study: assertive, directive, and expressive utterances. Assertive utterances express something that the speaker believes to be a fact, while directive utterances aim to get the listener to do something, and expressive utterances convey the speaker's feelings or emotions. Primary data for this study was taken from transcribed dialogues in the film, while secondary data came from various sources such as books, journals, theses, and related research. Data collection techniques included observing and noting. The results showed that the film "Calon Lurah" effectively applies the maxim of relevance in the dialogues between its characters, making the conversations relevant and supporting the cooperative principle in communication. This research highlights the importance of relevance in communication to ensure effective and efficient conversations and underscores the practical application of this concept in various communication contexts.

Presuppositions are one of the topics of pragmatic semantics. This presupposition is the speaker's assumption of the speaker. This presupposition is present in every speech act and is often encountered. As in the illocutionary speech act of boasting (TTIM), people usually use TTIM to brag about themselves and to exalt themselves. There are several types of assumptions or presuppositions, one of which is factive presupposition. This presupposition exists every time a speaker performs the illocutionary speech act of boasting. This factive presupposition is always present in everyday activities. The theory used is the presupposition type theory from Yule (2006). Meanwhile, for speech act theory, Ibrahim (1993) is used. Based on this research, a total of 6 types of factive presuppositions were found in the illocutionary speech act of boasting in Karang Jati Village, Pandaan District, Pasuruan Regency by dividing the types of factive presuppositions based on general illocutionary speech acts based on their purpose which was divided into 6 types. The types of general illocutionary speech acts based on their purpose are crossed with 3 types of miter speech responses.  

According to Yule in (Pragmatics, 2006:43) presupposition is the speaker's assumption before speaking to the person he is speaking to as an action that produces speech. The aim of this research is how presuppositions in illocutionary speech acts prohibit based on the procedures in the area studied. The theory used in this research is Yule's presupposition theory and is supported by Leech's pragmatic semantic theory. The method used is communication ethnography. Data collection was carried out using the bush and talk method. The data that has been collected is then processed using categorical, descriptive and distributional methods. In this study, the types of speakers were based on age, namely children, teenagers and adults. This research also uses six types of presuppositions. The way to speak when forbidding is based on sound, namely in a soft voice, low voice and loud voice. Apart from that, the prohibition procedure can also be based on its form. Based on the form, there are forms with words, without words and mixed. Then when the speech is delivered it is also explained according to the situation. There are two situations, the situation of oneself and the situation of many people.

The global COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the health sector, forcing countries to transform their health. In Indonesia, the response to this crisis was the issuance of a new health law, namely Law No. 17 of 2023. One of the updates is the provision that provides legal protection for medical personnel, namely in the process of criminal investigations against medical personnel, investigators must first request a recommendation from the authorized panel in disciplinary examinations, in this case, referring to the previous law, the Indonesian Medical Discipline Honorary Council (MKDKI). The recommendation determines whether the investigation can be continued or not based on the implementation of the professional practice of medical personnel, whether or not it is in accordance with professional standards, service standards, and standard operating procedures. The request for a recommendation from the panel must be received by the investigator no later than 14 days, and if it is more than that, the panel is considered to have approved the investigation of medical personnel. This is a polemic because for crucial decisions, namely assessing whether or not there is a violation of standards, only 14 days are given, while in reality the examination takes months. Finally, the research is presented to measure the legal certainty of the complaint examination procedure within the MKDKI, the legal certainty of the panel's recommendations regarding the continuation of the investigation process, and to reformulate provisions that are not yet fair in the process.

This research aims to discuss efforts to protect children who are victims of abuse by fellow school children. This research uses empirical legal methods and is based on phenomena and realities in the field, then analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results of the research show that the Gorontalo Regional Police's efforts to protect victims of abuse of fellow school children include providing security for perpetrators of abuse by the police when they receive information from the victim's parents or the school regarding allegations of child abuse in the school environment. The police followed up by sending officers to check and arrest the perpetrators; Carrying out examinations in a family atmosphere and fulfilling the victims' rights during the legal process; and Ensure that victims receive compensation, where a victim is entitled to compensation, as well as medical rehabilitation and recovery for the physical and psychological suffering they have experienced. In several cases of abuse, the perpetrator paid for the losses suffered by the victim, especially material compensation in the form of compensation payments due to the victim's physical, mental and psychological losses during the recovery and rehabilitation process. The perpetrator paid all the compensation suffered by the victim, using assets belonging to the perpetrator's family, especially hospital treatment costs.

This paper discusses the Analysis of MSME Strategy in the Development of Creative Economy in the Small Dodol Industry in Muara Tapus Village, Sungai Aur District. The purpose of this study is to analyze what strategies have been implemented by MSMEs based on the creative economy in the small dodol industry in Muara Tapus Village, Sungai Aur District and to provide alternative strategies that are in accordance with the current position and condition of the business. This type of research uses qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The data source used is the primary data source, namely data from informants. The data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation in the small dodol industry in Muara Tapus Village, Sungai Aur District. The subjects in this study were small dodol industry business actors in Muara Tapus Village, Sungai Aur District. Based on the results of the study, it shows that there are several obstacles or constraints on the development of MSMEs, namely minimal capital, human resources, low management. And the strategic factors that influence the development of MSMEs are capital, marketing, operations, human resources and aspects of government policy.

This research is motivated by the influence of gold price fluctuations on customer decisions to transact at Pegadaian (Case Study of Simpang Empat Pegadaian). With the aim of knowing how influential gold price fluctuations are on customer decisions to transact at Simpang Empat Pawnshop. This research uses quantitative methods. The population in this study were Simpang Empat Pawnshop customers. The data collection technique used was by filling out a questionnaire distributed to 91 customers who were sampled. The data used were obtained from primary data and secondary data. The data analysis technique uses simple linear regression analysis. From the test conducted, H0 is rejected while H1 is accepted with an F table value of 12.954 (f count 12.954> f table 3.947) and a significant level of 0.00. This shows that there is a positive and significant effect of the gold price fluctuation variable (X) on customer transaction decisions (Y) Simpang Empat Branch Pawnshop. It can be concluded that the results of this study are in line with previous research, proving that the variable influence of gold price fluctuations has a positive and significant effect on the variable customer transaction decisions at Pegdaian (Case Study of Simpang Empat Pegadaian). What distinguishes it from previous research or previous researchers is the year of research, several data processing methods and the place of research. For the Simpang Empat Pegadaian institution, as an institution that operates in the field of pawnshop services, which cannot be separated from the financial system, of course this research will be very helpful for developing quality and as a reference for becoming a better institution and making customer decisions to transact at Simpang Empat Pegadaian is the right decision.

The background of this study stems from a number of issues, including the inability of oil palm farmers to make ends meet financially, the impact of their reliance on oil palm income on the well-being of their families, and the relationship between oil palm farmers' income and the price at which Palm Fruit Bunches (FFB) are sold in Nagari Bawan, Kabupaten Agam. Nonetheless, a lot of farmers continue to struggle with a shortage of funding when it comes to running oil palm plantations and boosting the output of palm fruit bunches (FFB). A qualitative descriptive research approach is used, and it involves gathering research objects based on field data. Direct observation and interviews with oil palm farmers in Nagari Bawan, Kabupaten Agam, were used to gather data. The Nagari Bawan administration (Nagari Secretariat) and thirteen oil palm plantation owners were the research's primary sources of information about the circumstances and state of the study in Nagari Bawan, Kabupaten Agam. According to the author's study findings in Nagari Bawan, Kabupaten Agam, income indicators such as monthly income, employment, and family responsibilities may be used to analyze oil palm farmers' income in order to improve the economic welfare of their families. This indicates that oil palm growers are looking for side employment since their revenue is insufficient to cover their expenses.

Plandi village is located in Wonosari sub-district, Malang district, East Java, in a mountainous area far from Malang city. In an effort to improve the welfare of the community, a PKK organisation was formed in Plandi Village which aims to empower women through positive activities such as social activities and economic development. Based on observations, the activities of PKK mothers in Plandi Village are still not optimal because there are no activities that can increase family income. Through the student service programme, a solution is proposed in the form of utilising family medicinal plants (TOGA) into powdered instant seasoning products that have high selling value. The implementation of the programme includes socialisation, entrepreneurship assistance and demonstration of product making. In addition to producing ‘ibuk plandi’ products, the results of implementing this programme are an increase in the knowledge and skills of PKK mothers in processing TOGA and ecopreneur.

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the Effect of Contextual Teaching And Learning Model on Students' Cognitive Learning Outcomes on Theme 5 Subtheme 3 Class III SDN Batang-Batang Daya II. This research is a quantitative study that uses the experimental method, with a Pre-Experimental design using the One-Group Pre-Test Post-Test Design. Data collection was carried out using the sampling method from the population. The number of students sampled was 21 students. Data was collected through giving Pre-Test and Post-Test questions. The results showed that the application of the Contextual Teaching and learning (CTL) learning model had a significant impact on student learning outcomes. The significance level of the results of the Paired sample T-Test test shows a value of 0.000, this indicates that there is a significant difference found in the effect. Based on the testing criteria if the Sig. (2-tailed) <0.05 (0.000<0.05) then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. This means that there is a significant influence in the application of the Contextual Teaching And Learning Model on Students' Cognitive Learning Outcomes on Theme 5 Subtheme 3 Class III SDN Batang-Batang Daya II.

Changes in social conditions and lifestyle change people's consumption patterns, so there is a need for innovation in making food by utilizing vegetables to increase nutritional complexity. Stuffed Chicken is a processed product made from the main ingredient of chicken meat with the addition of vegetable puree. These problems became the objectives of this study to determine: 1) Sensory quality results which include shape, color, taste, aroma, texture and level of preference; 2) Nutritional content which includes energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat, fiber, and vitamin A; 3) Selling price of stuffed chicken per 250 gram package. This research used observation method through a sensory quality test with 30 panelists. Data result were processed with a single anova test followed by a Duncan’s test. Nutritional content (energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, fiber, and vitamin A) was tested in the laboratory. The results showed: 1) the addition of vegetable puree proportion (carrots, sweet corn, and peas) affects the criteria of taste and aroma, while the criteria of shape, color, texture and level of liking have no significant effect. The nutritional content of stuffed chicken is energy of 294.85 kcal, carbohydrates 42.90g, protein 14.96g, fat 7.24g, Fiber 3.23g, and vitamin A 67.10 μg. The selling price of stuffed chicken is known to be Rp.36,500 per package weighing 250 grams.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of leadership style and motivation on employee discipline at the Babelan District office. The type of research used in this research is quantitative research. The sampling technique used a non-probability sampling technique with a saturated sample method through a questionnaire made through a questionnaire/questionnaire with the criteria of all employees of the Babelan District office totaling 52 employees. The data analysis method uses multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that Leadership style affects employee work discipline at the Babelan sub-district office, motivation affects employee work discipline at the Babelan sub-district office and Leadership style and motivation simultaneously or jointly affect employee work discipline at the Babelan sub-district office

This research aims to find out whether employee performance can influence the relationship between work facilities and work discipline that researchers found at PDAM Tirta Bhagasasi West Cikarang Branch.  By using quantitative research methods, the population and sample were generated from employees of PDAM Tirta Bhagasasi West Cikarang Branch using the saturated sample method.  The sample used in this research consisted of 33 employees as respondents according to the number of employees at PDAM Tirta Bhagasasi West Cikarang Branch.  This research reveals that the work facility variable has a positive effect on employee performance.  However, the work discipline variable has a negative effect on employee performance.

The Influence of Financial Compensation and Job Satisfaction on the Performance of Garden Textile Store Employees in Jakarta. This research aims to determine the influence of Financial Compensation and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance at the Garden Textile Store in Jakarta. The object of this research is the Garden Textile Store, Jakarta. This research uses a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis, to test and prove the research hypothesis using the SPSS version 26 application. The sampling technique in this research uses a saturated sampling technique. The sample in this research was all 40 employees of the Garden Textile Store in Jakarta. Based on the research results, it shows that the financial compensation variable has a partially significant effect on the performance of the employees of the Garden Textile Store, Jakarta, the job satisfaction variable has a partially significant effect on the performance of the employees of the Garden Textile Store, Jakarta. The research results also show that the variables of financial compensation and job satisfaction simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance at the Garden Textile Store in Jakarta

The purpose of this study is to determine the Influence of Work-Life Balance and Work Stress on the Performance of Generation Z Employees (Study of students from the Faculty of Economics and Business Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya University Class of 2020). The method used in this study is a quantitative method with a type of survey method. The number of samples used in this study uses the calculation of the slovin formula as many as 100 respondents. The data processing tool used in this study is using SPSS software version 27. The results in this study show that the work-life balance variable partially has a significant effect on employee performance, the work stress variable partially has a significant effect on employee performance. The results in this study show that the variables of work life balance and work stress simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance.

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence between the Personality Competencies of Christian Religious Education Teachers on the Learning Interest of Class VIII Students of SMP Negeri 2 Porsea, Toba Regency, Academic Year 2023/2024. The research method used is a quantitative method with a descriptive inferential type. The population is all 194 students of SMP Negeri 2 Porsea, Toba Regency, 2023/2024 academic year and a sample of 58 people was determined using random sampling techniques. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 40 items, namely 23 items for variable Toba for the 2023/2024 Academic Year is shown through: 1) Test of analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained by rxy = 0.802 > rtable (α=0.05; IK=95%; n=58) = 0.254. b) a significant relationship test is obtained from the value of tcount = 10.037 > ttable = 2.000. 2) influence test: a) regression equation test, obtained the regression equation Ŷ = 24.713 (α) + 0.456 (X). b) regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 64.3%. 3) hypothesis testing using the F test obtained Fcount > Ftable=(α=0.05, dk numerator n-1=57, dk denominator=n-2=58-2=56) namely 100.739 > 1.555. Thus, H0 which states there is no influence is rejected and Ha which states there is an influence is accepted.