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This research aims to determine the criteria for fine arts plagiarism according to Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. Apart from that, it also aims to find out the basis of the judge's considerations in Decision Number 31/Pdt.Sus-Hak Copyright /2020/ Pn.Jkt.Pst. In this research, the method used is normative legal research which is prescriptive in nature. Normative nature prescriptive that is method with research ingredients​​ literature indicated in the written regulations.​ Method approach used​ in writing law This is method approach cases and approaches legislation. Result of study This According to Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright, the criteria for plagiarism of works of art are if they meet the elements 1) there is a substantial similarity in whole or in part, 2) there is confession owned by personal to work imitation and 3) cause loss for creator on imitation work. In The judge's consideration in deciding the alleged case of fine art plagiarism took into account 1) Proving the similarity between Love Light and Urban Light; 2) There are losses arising for the Plaintiff. In this case, the judge's considerations were in accordance with the regulations of Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright and the Plaintiff was also able to prove everything so that the Defendant was found guilty.    

The capital market is one of them part important in representation condition country's economy. In the capital market there are several instruments are traded, one of which is is mutual funds. Mutual funds become enough choice​ interesting for society, however there is case fail pay that mutual fund investors experience​ loss. Case fail pay product mutual funds viz fail pay consequential RDT assets debt securities issued by PT. Tridomain Performance Materials Tbk Study This use method approach juridical normative that is study law literature carried out with method research material References or secondary data as base For researched with method stage search to regulation legislation and related literature​ with the problems studied. And using secondary data as base For researched. Protection law can done with use protection law preventive and repressive in case investment mutual funds as form protection to investors from government. Losses experienced by investors as a result fail pay PT. TDPM to MMI, shows that TDPM has not quite enough answer as you can form pay whole obligations and compensation make a loss as well as accept all possible sanctions​ form administrative, civil, up to criminal. Protection law preventive can seen with exists regulation established legislation​ such as the Capital Markets Law, P2SK Law, POJK 48/2015, POJK 31/2015, and others. Protection law repressive form enforcement penalty from administrative even until bankruptcy. Not quite enough answer must carried out by TDPM viz pay obligation along with flower in accordance agreement debt restructuring up to imposition penalty. And necessary see form MMI's responsibility as Manager Invest in cases This.    

This research aims to determine and analyze the role and position of child victims in sexual crimes and legal protection efforts through victimology theory in normative decisions. Legal materials are collected through document study, then analyzed prescriptively. The research results found that there are regulations that have not been specifically regulated to protect children from all sexual crimes. Then, the role and position of the child victim which was not assessed as a consideration by the Judge in Decision Number 102/Pid.sus/2022/PN Lbo is something that hinders legal protection efforts for children. This research also contains victimology analysis of child victims using the Carroll Formula as well as other analyzes that show the victim's position as a commercial sex worker, which shows that there is a trigger for a crime. Victimology theory in decisions is important to understand the role of child victims who are considered passive perpetrators so that the theory of justice can be included in decisions and child protection through victimology theory can be implemented.      

This research aims to find out and analyze how law enforcement efforts are carried out in cases of distribution of illegal tobacco products by Gorontalo Customs and Excise officials. This research is classified as empirical research using a qualitative approach and then using data collection techniques by means of interviews, literature review, documentation, and using descriptive data analysis. The results of this research indicate that law enforcement efforts against the distribution of illegal tobacco products by Gorontalo Customs and Excise officials include preventive law enforcement (prevention) and repressive law enforcement (Action). In preventive law enforcement Customs and Excise officials carry out legal socialization activities, routine patrol activities and carry out observations, to enforce repressive laws from Customs and Excise officials when they receive information from the intelligence unit or complaints from the public, the data received is then analyzed. If the results of the analysis show that the data meets operational standards then the process of action, deterrence, inspection, sealing and confiscation is continued. Customs and Excise officials in carrying out law enforcement have not yet reached the realm of court, only the imposition of administrative sanctions.    

This study aims to determine the implementation and impact of the Independent Curriculum on the combination of grade 4 science and social studies subjects at UPT SD Negeri 31 Gresik in the 2022/2023 academic year. This study uses qualitative research, the research procedure goes through several stages, namely identifying problems, limiting problems, determining research focus, collecting data, processing data, generating theories or hypotheses, reporting research results. Data collection techniques are carried out by means of observation, interviews, documentation. The subjects of this study were school principals, IPAS teachers, and students. The results of the analysis from this study are that the implementation of grade 4 IPAS at UPT SD Negeri 31 Gresik is quite good, CP, TP, teaching modules are implemented quite well, students feel happy with IPAS, although there are still some obstacles in combining science and social studies which are still difficult to combine in one meeting. However, school principals and teachers will continue to learn so that they can implement science subjects even better.    

Packaging can have a significant impact on various aspects of a business, including economics, marketing, and product design. Economically, packaging can play an important role in increasing product value and marketing effectiveness to increase sales and profits. In marketing, packaging can form a brand identity with a unique and attractive packaging design, which can increase the attractiveness of a product so that it looks more professional and trustworthy. In product design, packaging can protect the product from damage and provide safe storage for the product.

The high pedestrian activity and traffic flow in the education area on Jalan Raya Abepura-Sentani Jayapura City led to the provision of Pedestrian Bridges (JPO) in two locations, namely in front of the Cenderawasih University Auditorium (JPO-1) and in front of SMP YPPK Santu Paulus (JPO-2). This research was conducted to determine the suitability of the physical geometric standards of the pedestrian bridge and its level of effectiveness, as well as factors that affect pedestrian satisfaction in using the two Pedestrian Bridge (JPO) facilities. Geometric analysis was carried out using the standard of Pedestrian Bridge Planning Procedures for Urban Pedestrians (1995) and Technical Planning of Pedestrian Facilities (2023), calculation of the level of effectiveness using the volume of crossings, and analysis of service satisfaction using the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method. The results found that the condition of JPO-2 is better and meets the standards because it uses a slope that can be used by people with disabilities, while the slope on the steps of JPO-1 is too steep (40°) and narrow with a width of 1.4 meters, so the effectiveness level of JPO-2 is higher (67%) than JPO-1 (52%). Factors affecting user satisfaction are aspects of comfort, safety, and security.  The main obstacles in using the pedestrian bridge are dirty conditions, no lighting, the presence of people under the influence of alcohol or extortionists, and damage to the Pedestrian Bridge (JPO) facilities.

This research explores the significance of field trocars in land reclamation within Karbala Governorate's Karta-10 area, caused by waterlogging and salinity. Implementing a detailed reclamation strategy, the study underscores the necessity of a 2 to 2.5 meters burial depth for trocars to prevent water and salt-related issues, aligning with industry standards. The investigation discourages reducing trocar depth to cut costs, as it can result in capillary action and salt build-up or require deeper drainage to manage seepage. Findings indicate that shallow trocars reduce water storage capacity, impacting irrigation and crop hydration, whereas deeper trocars offer better management of drainage flow and spacing efficiency. The study indorses a universal trocar depth of 2 to 2.5 meters, accommodating various crops, thus guiding optimal trocar design and placement for effective land reclamation.

Multi-electrode spark plugs are a type of spark plug that has two or more ground points on the electrodes which function to produce sparks for the combustion process in gasoline engines. The aim is to find out how much the biggest change in power, the biggest torque is and how big the change in minimum specific fuel consumption is when using multi-ground spark plugs and varying the octane value of the fuel. The engine performance testing method uses full valve opening to obtain data. Next, the data is presented in the form of a graphic table and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and Minitab. The independent variables are the number of spark plug electrode legs and the octane value of the fuel. The dependent variable is the power produced and minimum specific fuel consumption when using RON 90, 92 and 98 fuel. The engine speed control variable is 55000 to 9000. Power test results using X-Line spark plugs with RON 92 fuel produce the highest power among spark plugs . other. The highest power is 6.92 hp at 7000 rpm. Torque test results using RON 98 fuel show that the X-Line spark plug produces the highest torque among other spark plugs. The highest torque is 8.21 Nm at 5,500 rpm. The results of the specific fuel consumption test using RON 92 fuel, 3 foot ground spark plugs, produced the highest specific fuel consumption among other spark plugs . The lowest specific fuel consumption is 0.1308 kg/hPxhour at 9000 rpm.

The rollers regulate the pulley diameter based on engine speed, and acceleration can be increased by sliding rollers. This research tested torque and fuel consumption (SFC) between sliding rollers and CVT spring variations. The sliding rollers were tested at 10g, 13g and 16g, while the CVT springs were tested at 800 rpm, 1000 rpm and 1500 rpm. The test method uses full throttle opening, with data analyzed using Excel, ANOVA and Minitab. The independent variables are the sliding roller and CVT spring variations, while the fixed variable is 92 Octane fuel. The results of the research are 10g Roller: Highest torque 8.16 Nm at 6000 rpm, lowest 4.09 Nm at 9000 rpm, highest fuel consumption 0, 1256 kg/HP/hour at 9000 rpm, lowest 0.0807 kg/HP/hour at 6500 rpm. Roller 13g: Highest torque 8.77 Nm at 6500 rpm, lowest 4.52 Nm at 9000 rpm, highest fuel consumption 0.1249 kg/HP/hour at 9000 rpm, lowest 0.0804 kg/HP/hour at 5500 rpm . Roller 16g: Highest torque 8.55 Nm at 7500 rpm, lowest 5.40 Nm at 5000 rpm, highest fuel consumption 0.1225 kg/HP/hour at 9000 rpm, lowest 0.0807 kg/HP/hour at 6500 rpm .  

The quality of a product is built by the company by paying attention to the needs and desires of customers because an industrial factory will not exist if the products made or ordered are not in accordance with consumer desires. This study aims to determine the causes of fabric defects, especially in one of the Alaska brands in April 2023 as many as 825 defect cases. This research uses the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method used to analyze the causes of production defects such as underfeed, double feed, and non-standard thickness. The results of the study were found several factors causing defects in less feed, double feed, and thickness not according to standards, namely raw materials, machinery, and human factors. The improvement strategies during the production process are. Strict supervision and control, periodic training, proper machine maintenance, and selection of quality raw materials are strategies implemented to minimize fabric defects. implement supporting infrastructure to reduce product growth rates.      

Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness in Indonesia, with a prevalence of 1.5%. Unfortunately, many people overlook regular eye examinations that are crucial for early detection. As age increases, eyes become more susceptible to conditions like cataracts, characterized by clouding of the eye's lens. Addressing this challenge, Google Cloud Run has been implemented to develop a fast, efficient, and scalable cataract detection API. This initiative aims to facilitate easier access for healthcare professionals and the general public. The application is expected to enhance early screening, early detection, and prevention of serious eye conditions such as cataracts, ultimately improving quality of life through more effective prevention and treatment efforts.

Vehicles in Indonesia continue to increase every year which has an impact on fuel consumption and air pollution. Vehicle gas emissions are the biggest contributor to air pollution. This research method uses experiments with gas analyzers and vibration meters. Variations in octane values ​​of 90 and 92 with mixture percentages of 10%, 18%, 22% at 2000 to 5000 rpm. Test results were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. The research results showed that at RON 90 there was a change in CO and HC with the best percentage, in the 18% mixture the CO was 0.29% and HC 96ppm compared to the 10% and 22% mixture. At RON 92 there was a change in CO and HC at the best percentage, namely a mixture of 18%, data obtained for CO was 0.19% and HC was 62 ppm. So the reduction in CO and HC levels occurs in the ideal mixture by 18% at RON 90 and 92.

The development of technology in the world is growing rapidly, so that technology is able to make everything that is done faster and more effective, such as technology that is developing in the coffee industry. Manual espresso machines are done using human power, so there are limitations to the power needed to make espresso in large quantities at once and lack of time efficiency. This pneumatic system allows for more responsive pressure control compared to manual systems. The Pneumatic Pre-Charge (PCP) system is a system that utilizes natural resources as its main energy source in renewable energy systems such as air. The method used to achieve a more optimal manual espresso machine is to use an experimental research method to test the performance of the espresso machine designed from a combination of a PCP system through empirical data collection to measure how efficient the machine is. The design process produces a manual espresso machine design which can then be developed into a espresso machine. Testing was carried out as many as 210 cycles and was divided into 3 stages of testing, namely a 360 cc cylinder capacity with a pressure of 2700 psi capable of pressing an average of 70 times, showing that the coarser the grind size of the coffee powder used, the time and pressure required will be reduced by requiring a pressure of 35 psi. From the results of this study, further testing is needed on the use of a PCP system espresso machine to validate its usefulness in supporting the needs of making espresso in the coffee industry.

The rapid advancement of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technology necessitates robust authentication solutions to ensure security, scalability, and efficiency. This project, titled "Enhancing Security in Industrial IoT: Authentication Solutions Leveraging Blockchain," examines various blockchain-based authentication methods for IIoT and identifies their strengths and weaknesses. Despite the enhanced security and decentralized nature of blockchain, issues such as scalability, high latency, and computational load persist. To address these challenges, we propose the integration of Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) as a supplementary solution. MFA can distribute the authentication load, enhance flexibility and security, and reduce latency by utilizing quick-to-verify factors. Moreover, MFA ensures high availability and scalable storage and processing through cloud services, seamlessly integrating with existing systems to provide a superior user experience. This comprehensive approach not only mitigates the inherent limitations of blockchain technology in IIoT but also reinforces the overall security framework, ensuring resilient and efficient authentication mechanisms. The results demonstrate significant improvements in system performance and user satisfaction, establishing MFA as a viable enhancement to blockchain-based IIoT security solutions.

The Internet of Things (IoT) phenomenon is centered around linking various devices and objects to the Internet, enabling them to communicate, collect, and exchange data [1]. The IoT needs strong, lightweight, and secure authorization schemes to regulate many devices with varying levels of ability. Quantum-resilient federated Multi-Factor Authentication (QRF-MFA) is a solution presented in this paper to address the above-discussed issues. Featuring quantum-resistant cryptographic protocols, high-speed and low-energy Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs), decentralized identity management, and optimized communication protocols, QRF-MFA provides a complete solution for secure cross-domain device identification and authentication. This is done by leveraging blockchain technology for immutable and transparent management of identities yet limiting on-chain storage overhead. It also provides secure, lightweight communication well-suited for resource constrained IIoT devices, and it is designed for fog and edge computing environments as well. QRF-MFA eliminates the challenges of current methods by combining security, efficiency, and scalability and delivering a resilient and future-ready solution to secure IIoT authentication.  

This paper explores the Time-Based One-Time Password (TOTP) authentication mechanism enhanced with lightweight cryptographic algorithms, presenting it as an advanced solution to the limitations of traditional OTP systems. There are a lot of applications and systems where this mechanism is applied. For example, bank applications, e-commerce websites, access control system, healthcare system, etc. TOTP generates dynamic, time-sensitive passwords using the current time and a secret key processed through a cryptographic hash function, significantly improving security by reducing vulnerabilities to code reused and interception. The adoption of lightweight algorithms ensures that TOTP can be efficiently implemented on resource-constrained devices, such as those on the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem. Despite its benefits, TOTP faces challenges including synchronization issues between client devices and servers, and a trade-off between computational efficiency and security strength. This paper discusses the implications of these challenges and evaluates how TOTP, with appropriate design considerations, can provide a robust, secure, and efficient authentication method suitable for various applications, from digital banking to IoT environments.

In the ever-changing digital world, strong security protocols are essential. As a vital line of defence against unwanted access, blockchain uses several verification techniques to boost security. This article investigates the use of blockchain technology to tackle privacy, security, and usability issues. By reducing the dangers associated with conventional centralised systems, blockchain's decentralised and immutable structure offers a secure platform for storing and verifying authentication credentials. This method increases user trust by using smart contracts to guarantee transparent and unchangeable authentication procedures. The suggested blockchain-based method strengthens security and enhances privacy by removing sources of failure and decreasing dependence on outside verification. Furthermore, user-centric design and expedited procedures improve the system's usability by making secure authentication more approachable and less obtrusive. This paper offers a thorough examination of the suggested system, stressing its benefits, possible drawbacks, and directions for future investigation. The results indicate that blockchain technology presents a viable solution to ensure that digital authentication frameworks combine privacy, security, and usability.

Presto Milkfish MSME, owned by Ibu Lina, is one of the MSMEs in Indonesia that is growing quickly right now. Founded in 2006, the company currently has three employees. This quick milkfish is a common gift from Sidoarjo. Presto milkfish is frequently served as a side dish to guests during parties. The purpose of this study is to improve knowledge of the cost factors that should be considered when manufacturing pressure-cooked milkfish and to demonstrate how these costs can be added to obtain the appropriate production costs. The job order pricing approach, documentation, and interviews are the data collection techniques employed in this study. At Sidoarjo's Kedung Perku Village Temple, study was conducted.

Background: Pain is the reason most frequently complained by patients to seek help from a health facility and this condition almost always indicates a disease condition or pathological process. Surgery as one of the causes of pain is an invasive medical procedure used to diagnose or treat disease, injury or body deformity. Objectives: To determine the effect of early mobilization on reducing the pain scale in post-operative patients at K.R.M.T Wongsonegoro Hospital Semarang. Methods: This type of research is descriptive research in the form of a case study in November 2023 at K.R.M.T Wongsonegoro Hospital Semarang. The sample was 2 post-operative patients. Data analysis by changing the data obtained in narrative form and interpreting the results. Findings: In the first respondent, after early mobilization for 3 days, the pain scale decreased from scale 6 (moderate pain) to scale 2 (mild pain), in the second respondent, before early mobilization for 3 days, the pain scale decreased from scale 7 (severe pain) to scale 3 (mild pain). Implications: provide information for nurses and future researchers regarding early mobilization as a development of nursing interventions to reduce postoperative pain