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This study examines the role of spiritual intelligence in shaping students’ understanding of happiness in the digital era from an Islamic psychology perspective. Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, the research involves university students who actively engage with social media. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal a significant shift in the meaning of happiness, from a substantive and intrinsic concept to a more symbolic and externally driven construct influenced by digital culture and online validation. Nevertheless, spiritual intelligence functions as a reflective and stabilizing mechanism, enabling students to reinterpret happiness as a deeper, more meaningful inner state. From the perspective of Islamic psychology, true happiness (sa’adah) is grounded in closeness to God and the internalization of spiritual values in daily life. This study underscores the importance of spiritual intelligence in addressing psychological challenges in the digital age and fostering a more balanced and authentic sense of well-being among students.

This study aims to analyze the values ​​of Civic Education (PKn) in learning at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (Islamic elementary schools) through a literature study approach. This study uses a qualitative method with a library research type, utilizing various written sources such as scientific journals, reference books, and academic articles as primary data. Data collection techniques are carried out through documentation studies by reviewing various relevant literature, while data analysis techniques use content analysis to identify, categorize, and interpret the values ​​contained in Civic Education learning. The results of the study indicate that Civic Education learning plays a strategic role in instilling character values ​​in students, such as responsibility, tolerance, cooperation, and love of the homeland. These values ​​are not only conveyed theoretically, but also internalized through a contextual and values-based learning process. This approach has proven effective in increasing students' understanding and awareness of the importance of civic values ​​in everyday life. However, the implementation of Civic Education learning still faces several obstacles, such as a lack of variety in learning methods and limited supporting resources. Therefore, more interactive and creative learning strategy innovations are needed to improve the quality of Civics learning in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah.

This article examines the phenomenon of interfaith solidarity rapidly flourishing in Indonesia’s digital sphere during Ramadan, specifically through the viral "war takjil" trend involving active participation from non-Muslim communities. With national social media users reaching 180 million, digital platforms have transformed into crucial interaction spaces facilitating fluid and participatory interfaith communication. This research employs a qualitative approach using literature review, phenomenological analysis, and theological reflection within the Catholic tradition to understand the meaning behind this social behavior. Main findings indicate that this phenomenon is a concrete manifestation of bottom-up pluralism, emerging organically from daily social interactions. Based on the Contact Hypothesis, these digital interactions successfully reduce prejudice by achieving common goals and maintaining equal status in public spaces. Theologically, the phenomenon reflects the spirit of universal brotherhood and solidarity emphasized in the documents Fratelli Tutti and Nostra Aetate. The article concludes that healthy pluralism is the capacity to maintain one's own faith identity while actively building bridges of love with those of different beliefs. The implications emphasize the importance of media literacy for faith educators and catechists to guide the community in responding to digital social dynamics constructively without compromising theological truths. This study serves as a reference for developing inclusive, love-based interfaith communication strategies within Indonesia’s diverse digital society.

The case of medical malpractice involving a toddler in Bima has attracted public attention and raised the urgency of evaluating legal accountability mechanisms in healthcare. This study aims to analyze the law enforcement process and the forms of legal responsibility that can be imposed on medical personnel and healthcare institutions suspected of involvement. Using a normative juridical approach, this study examines relevant laws, doctrines, and legal literature, including provisions in the Medical Practice Law, the Health Law, the Hospital Law, and the Criminal Code. The results indicate that law enforcement in malpractice cases can be pursued through administrative, civil, and criminal channels, depending on the level of negligence and the resulting consequences. Medical personnel can be held personally liable for violations of professional standards, while healthcare institutions can be held accountable based on the principle of vicarious liability. This study concludes that the case in Bima underscores the importance of strengthening regulations, improving medical service standards, and ensuring transparency in law enforcement to protect patient rights, particularly children.

Village institutions play an important role in supporting participatory and sustainable rural development. The Village Law No. 6 of 2014 recognizes village autonomy and emphasizes the importance of community participation through Village Community Institutions (Lembaga Kemasyarakatan Desa/LKD). However, the implementation of these institutions in practice has not always functioned effectively. This study aims to analyze the role of village community institutions in supporting village development and to identify the factors that influence their effectiveness in Oematamboli Village, Lobalain District, Rote Ndao Regency. This research employs an empirical legal research method with a qualitative approach. Data were obtained through interviews and field observations involving village government officials, community institution administrators, and community leaders, while secondary data were obtained from documents and relevant regulations. The results indicate that the functions of LKD, including the Community Empowerment Institution (LPM), Neighborhood Associations (RT), and Community Associations (RW), have not been implemented optimally in supporting village development. This condition is reflected in the limited participation of LKD in development planning, weak absorption of community aspirations, and low community participation in development activities. Several factors influencing this condition include limited human resource capacity, inadequate infrastructure, low community participation, and limited development funding. Therefore, strengthening institutional capacity, improving coordination, and increasing community participation are necessary to enhance the effectiveness of village development.

This study is motivated by the importance of information literacy among students in using the Shopee e-commerce platform. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of information literacy of 2022 cohort students at the Faculty of Languages and Arts, Padang State University, in using the platform e-commerce Shopee. This research employs a quantitative approach with a descriptive method. The population in this study consists of all 2022 cohort students of the Faculty of Languages and Arts, Padang State University, totaling 1,208 students, with a sample of 92 respondents selected using a simple random sampling technique based on the Slovin formula. Data collection in this study was conducted using a questionnaire developed based on the The Seven Faces of Information Literacy model, which was distributed online via WhatsApp in the form of Google Forms and directly through QR codes.Based on the confidence interval calculation, the average level of students’ information literacy falls within the range of 3.05 < μ < 3.27, indicating that the information literacy level of 2022 cohort students in using the platform e-commerce Shopee at the Faculty of Languages and Arts, Padang State University, is categorized as high. In general, it can be concluded that students have a good level of information literacy, particularly in aspects of information technology use, utilization of information sources, information searching processes, information control, knowledge construction, knowledge development, and wisdom in using information on the Shopee e-commerce platform.

This article examines the complex interactions between the military and civil society in regions affected by conflict, approached from a sociological-legal perspective. The study seeks to understand how military power influences civil society, the ways in which legal and social legitimacy are established, and how local communities respond to military presence and control. Employing a qualitative case-study methodology, the research utilized in-depth interviews with community members and military personnel, extensive field observations, and detailed analysis of relevant legal documents. The findings reveal that military power structures significantly impact civil rights, security, and social dynamics, with interactions ranging from cooperative engagement to open conflict. Furthermore, the legitimacy of military actions is closely linked to factors such as operational performance, transparency, accountability, and social acceptance by local populations. Based on these insights, the article argues for the importance of improving communication channels between military forces and communities, integrating formal legal frameworks with local norms and practices, and actively involving community members in security and governance programs. These measures are proposed as strategies to enhance the legitimacy of military operations, reduce conflict, and promote long-term social stability. The study contributes to the broader understanding of civil-military relations by highlighting the sociological and legal dimensions of military influence in conflict-affected areas.

This study is motivated by the importance of economic growth as a key indicator of regional development performance and public welfare improvement. Economic growth reflects the ability of local governments to manage resources and implement effective fiscal policies. This research aims to analyze the development and the influence of Local Own-Source Revenue, General Allocation Fund, and Special Allocation Fund on the economic growth of regencies/cities in Jambi Province during the period 2020–2024. The study employs a quantitative approach combined with descriptive analysis. Secondary data are obtained from official publications of relevant institutions and analyzed using panel data regression with the Common Effect Model approach. The results indicate that Local Own-Source Revenue and the General Allocation Fund have a significant effect on economic growth, showing that the increase in regional revenue and fiscal transfers contributes to economic performance. Meanwhile, the Special Allocation Fund does not have a significant effect, indicating that its allocation may not be optimally utilized in stimulating regional economic activities. These findings imply that strengthening regional fiscal capacity and improving the effectiveness of fund allocation are essential to promote sustainable economic growth. The study also highlights the need for better policy coordination and efficient financial management at the regional level to reduce disparities and enhance development outcomes.  

This study aims to analyze the effect of Return on Asset (ROA), Current Ratio (CR), Net Profit Margin (NPM), and Total Asset Turnover (TATO) on company value as measured by Price Book Value (PBV) in property and real estate sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019–2023 period. This research adopts a quantitative method with a causal associative approach. The data was obtained from the financial reports of eight companies that met the purposive sampling criteria. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS software. The results show that, partially, ROA and CR have a significant negative effect on PBV, while NPM does not have a significant effect on PBV, and TATO has a significant negative effect on PBV. Simultaneously, all four independent variables significantly affect PBV, with an R² value of 12.3%, indicating that most of the PBV variations are explained by other factors outside the research model. These findings provide insights for investors and company management regarding the importance of asset management and operational efficiency in enhancing firm market value.

This study is motivated by the importance of the relationship between reading and speaking skills in Arabic language learning. Reading, as a receptive skill, plays a significant role in enriching vocabulary, understanding language structures, and constructing meaning, which in turn affects speaking ability as a productive skill. At Baitul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School in Bandung, variations were observed in students’ abilities in reading Arabic texts and speaking Arabic, raising questions about the existence of a relationship between these two skills. This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of Arabic reading skills on Arabic speaking skills among fifth-grade students (Class V-A) in the 2024/2025 academic year. This research employs a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The subjects of the study consisted of all 28 students in Class V-A, selected using a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through reading skill tests and speaking skill tests, and subsequently analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Spearman rank correlation test. The results indicate a significant relationship with a strong level of correlation between Arabic reading skills and Arabic speaking skills. This is evidenced by the correlation coefficient (r-value) of 0.824, which is higher than the r-table value at a 5% significance level (0.374). It is recommended that the development of reading skills be more systematically integrated with speaking practice. Further research is suggested to involve a larger sample size and more diverse variables to strengthen the findings.

This study was conducted to analyze the role of customary institutions in the government system in Karampuang, as well as to analyze the challenges faced by customary institutions in Karampuang. This study emphasizes the strategic role of customary institutions in the preservation of culture and management of natural resources of indigenous communities in Karampuang. The research method used is a qualitative method through a literature review to collect and analyze information related to the role of customary institutions in the Karampuang customary village. Sources used include the collection of literature such as books, journals, articles, and related documents. The results of the study are expected to provide insight related to the strategic role of customary institutions in the government system. The results of this study indicate that customary institutions in Karampuang play a dual role as pillars of culture and as important institutions in the local government structure, maintaining a balance between cultural values ​​and government administration. However, these customary institutions face many challenges, including legal recognition that must be fought for officially, the threat of confiscation of living space that threatens the sovereignty of customary territories, and the need to strengthen institutional capacity to develop amidst social dynamics and the pressures of modernization.

This study aims to describe the level and forms of political participation among Generation Z (Gen Z) in Bukittinggi City, considering the large proportion of young voters in the 2024 General Election. Gen Z refers to individuals born between 1997 and the early 2010s and currently represents a significant demographic force in the democratic system. The study employs a quantitative approach using the Participatory Behaviors Scale (PBS), which includes four dimensions: disengagement, civil participation, formal political participation, and activism. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, targeting Gen Z university students who possess an ID card (KTP) and reside in Bukittinggi. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and analyzed descriptively. The results show that the average level of political participation among Gen Z falls in the moderate-to-high category (M = 44.5; SD = 8.3), with 61.06% of respondents in the moderate category, and 19.47% each in the low and high categories. These findings indicate that Gen Z is fairly active in participating, both formally through elections and informally through political discussions and digital campaigns. The study highlights a shift in Gen Z’s political participation towards more digital, flexible, and issue-based forms. The results also underscore the importance of strengthening political literacy and creating more inclusive participatory spaces at the local level.

This research is based on the reality that classroom management often tests teachers' emotional stability, especially when dealing with highly active students. This study focuses on how teachers use emotional intelligence to control themselves when facing challenging learning situations. The purpose of this study is to describe the forms of emotional regulation carried out by teachers and their influence on the effectiveness of classroom management. The research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach through observations and interviews with teachers. The results show that effective emotional management is carried out through several methods, such as increasing self-awareness to recognize stress triggers, pausing before responding to student behavior, and trying to understand the background of student activity through empathy. Teachers with good emotional intelligence tend to be able to direct student activity into more positive learning participation, rather than responding to it with reactive or authoritarian responses. This study emphasizes the importance of strengthening psychological aspects and emotional management skills in teacher professional development programs. Emotional maturity not only helps create a more harmonious classroom atmosphere but also forms the basis for inclusive learning interactions and supports the continuous development of student character.

This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of slang usage on the TikTok social media platform as a form of linguistic adaptation in digital communication. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this research examines how users modify language structures to create more effective, expressive, and socially meaningful interactions. Data were collected through participatory observation of content appearing on the For Your Page (FYP) feature and analyzed using textual and contextual methods. The findings reveal that slang formation on TikTok occurs within three main domains: phonological transformation through sound reduction to produce linguistic aesthetics, morphological modification through the creation of efficient acronyms, and cognitive-semantic shifts that redefine the meanings of existing vocabulary. These findings demonstrate that slang is not merely a temporary communication trend, but also functions as an important sociolinguistic instrument for constructing group identity, strengthening emotional connections, and reflecting the cognitive and cultural dynamics of contemporary digital society amid the rapid development of information technology.

This study aims to systematically analyze the literature on the implementation of external evaluation systems and accreditation management in improving the quality of Islamic education. It also seeks to provide a more comprehensive understanding of best practices that can be applied by Islamic educational institutions in responding to increasingly complex quality demands. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach, this study identifies themes, strategies, and challenges found in previous studies. Articles were identified from Google Scholar, Garuda, and ScienceDirect databases within the 2012–2024 period. The selection process involved a step-by-step screening of titles and abstracts, resulting in 15 main articles for further in-depth review. The findings indicate that external evaluation functions as a strategic instrument to enhance accountability, transparency, and quality control in educational institutions. Key themes identified include the importance of a Total Quality Management (TQM) culture, the strategic role of Management Information Systems (MIS) in data governance, and the gap between administrative compliance and substantive quality improvement. This study concludes that effective accreditation management requires a shift from a bureaucratic approach toward a culture of continuous improvement integrated with Islamic values and oriented toward overall educational quality enhancement.

This study was conducted to examine the effect of compensation on employee performance through a literature review approach. The background of this research is based on the importance of compensation as a factor that contributes to improving employee work outcomes. Compensation is not only considered as remuneration for work performed, but also as an element that can encourage motivation and productivity. The study applied a descriptive method using a literature review approach. The data used were secondary data obtained from 20 national scientific journals published since 2020, discussing compensation and employee performance. Data collection was carried out through library research by selecting, classifying, and reviewing relevant literature sources. Furthermore, the data were analyzed descriptively by interpreting findings from previous studies. The results indicate that 19 out of 20 journals reported a positive and significant relationship between compensation and employee performance. Therefore, it can be concluded that compensation plays an essential role in enhancing employee performance, making an effective compensation system a crucial aspect of human resource management.

Changes in values in modern society have led to a shift in the meaning of love in marital relationships, from moral and spiritual commitment to momentary emotions oriented towards personal satisfaction. This shift has weakened long-term commitment and increased relational conflict within families. Islam, with its concept of marriage as mitsāqan ghalīẓā and love as amanah, offers a relevant normative framework to respond to this crisis. This study aims to examine the concept of marriage in Islam and analyze how the values of sakinah, mawaddah, and raḥmah can be solutions to the crisis of the meaning of love in modern families. The method used is a qualitative literature study, through an examination of classical and contemporary Islamic literature and scientific studies on the dynamics of modern families and relationships. The data were analyzed thematically to identify the relationship between the meaning of love, commitment, and relational conflict. The results and discussion show that reducing love to mere emotion weakens the stability of marriage, while understanding love as a spiritual and moral trust strengthens empathy, communication, and conflict resolution mechanisms. The principles of ṣabr, raḥmah, and musyawarah have proven to play an important role in maintaining the resilience of relationships. In conclusion, Islamic marriage values provide a solid and adaptive ethical foundation for building a harmonious, mature, and sustainable family amid the challenges of modernity.

This study is motivated by the importance of the relationship between reading and speaking skills in Arabic language learning. Reading, as a receptive skill, plays a significant role in enriching vocabulary, understanding language structures, and constructing meaning, which in turn affects speaking ability as a productive skill. At Baitul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School in Bandung, variations were observed in students’ abilities in reading Arabic texts and speaking Arabic, raising questions about the existence of a relationship between these two skills. This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of Arabic reading skills on Arabic speaking skills among fifth-grade students (Class V-A) in the 2024/2025 academic year. This research employs a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The subjects of the study consisted of all 28 students in Class V-A, selected using a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through reading skill tests and speaking skill tests, and subsequently analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Spearman rank correlation test. The results indicate a significant relationship with a strong level of correlation between Arabic reading skills and Arabic speaking skills. This is evidenced by the correlation coefficient (r-value) of 0.824, which is higher than the r-table value at a 5% significance level (0.374). It is recommended that the development of reading skills be more systematically integrated with speaking practice. Further research is suggested to involve a larger sample size and more diverse variables to strengthen the findings.

The high dependence of national food on imported commodities, especially wheat, creates vulnerabilities in the aspect of National Food Security. This study examines the position and role of Modified Cassava Flour (Mocaf) Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Padi Village as a pillar of local food diversification and its implications from the perspective of Constitutional Law (HTN) on the internal sector (community, MSMEs, and Village Government). Mocaf, as a gluten-free cassava derivative product, has the potential to be a substitute for wheat flour. The research method used is Empirical Normative Law with a conceptual and legislative approach, reinforced by primary data regarding the operational model of MSMEs in Padi Village. The results of the study indicate that Mocaf MSMEs at the village level act as strategic legal subjects in realizing Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945) and Law Number 18 of 2012 concerning Food. The implications of HTN are seen in the need for regulatory harmonization and strengthening village autonomy through budget policies and assistance that ensure the sustainability of production and marketing. The position of MSMEs demands stronger recognition of the internal role of villages in the national food governance structure.

The community service activity conducted in Dusun Wates, focusing on the empowerment of Ibu Siti’s UMKM (Small and Medium Enterprises) producing Banana and Gadung Chips, has shown significant results in improving entrepreneurial capacity and social transformation within Ibu Siti’s family. This research aims to explore the outcomes of the community service program, linking the findings to theories of entrepreneurship, community empowerment, and social change. The activities involved managerial assistance, product rebranding, and online marketing, which led to better management practices, an improved product identity, and increased market reach. The application of digital marketing proved effective in expanding market access for local products, contributing to the economic growth of the family. This study also highlights the importance of family-based entrepreneurship in achieving sustainable social and economic change. The results are aligned with the findings of previous studies, such as those by Wahyuni (2022) and Raharjo (2021), and suggest that the integration of technology and local leadership can significantly drive social transformation at the community level.