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This research aims to determine the influence of the role-playing method on the creativity of early childhood at Miftahul Jannah TPA. Creativity as an important aspect of development needs to be stimulated from an early age through activities that are fun and meaningful for children. This research uses a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design type one group pretest-posttest design, where researchers measure creativity before and after role-playing treatment. The research results show that the role playing method has a positive influence on the development of children's creativity. This can be seen from the increase in scores on several indicators of creativity, such as the ability to generate ideas, elaboration and concentration. The elaboration indicator received the highest score in the very good category, indicating that children were able to add details and enrich the storyline during role play. However, the indicators of flexibility and authenticity are still in the poor category and require further stimulation. Overall, an average creativity score of 54 was obtained, which shows that role playing is effective in stimulating children's creativity. These findings emphasize that role-playing methods need to be applied variedly and continuously in learning to optimize the creativity of early childhood.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of a deep learning approach in developing conceptual understanding among early childhood learners at PAUD Al-Fathanah. A descriptive qualitative method was employed through observation, interviews, and documentation involving 15 children and one classroom teacher. The findings indicate that deep learning effectively supports children’s conceptual development by engaging them in meaningful exploration, purposeful play, and real-life learning experiences. Children were able not only to recall information but also to connect new ideas with everyday situations. Additionally, the learning environment promoted a sense of comfort and enjoyment, as children displayed higher levels of enthusiasm and active participation. The child-friendly atmosphere and well-designed play-based activities contributed to joyful and meaningful learning experiences. This study concludes that deep learning is a promising approach to strengthening conceptual understanding, enhancing learning comfort, and increasing children’s motivation to learn. These findings highlight the importance of designing child-centered, contextual, and reflective learning experiences in early childhood education.

This study analyzes the legal position of the captain in the structure of maritime employment relations with a case study at PT. Kembang Mekar Indah, which highlights the gap between the normative provisions in the Commercial Code (KUHD), Law Number 17 of 2008 concerning Shipping, and the Maritime Labor Convention (MLC) 2006 with the implementation practices in the field. This study uses a normative-empirical legal method through literature studies and interviews with captains and company representatives, analyzed qualitatively-descriptively to compare legal norms and empirical reality. The results of the study indicate that maritime employment agreements still place captains on an equal footing with ordinary workers even though the legislation confirms their position as the highest leader on board and the legal representative of the ship owner. Empirical findings show that the fulfillment of the captain's rights to salary is 80%, work facilities 60%, legal protection 40%, and regulatory socialization only 20%, indicating an imbalance in legal protection and weaknesses in the substance of the employment contract. Therefore, it is necessary to reformulate the shipping legal system by improving maritime work agreements, strengthening the role of harbormasters, and harmonizing national regulations with the 2006 MLC standards in order to create maritime work relations that are professional, fair, and adaptive to international maritime law.

Decision Support Systems (DSS) can become inaccurate when used with imprecise, incomplete, or dynamically changing data. Fuzzy logic techniques based on conventional methodologies may be strong at handling vagueness, but are unable to adapt their behavior in response to different data distributions on their own. This paper recommends the creation of an Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Integration Framework that dynamically updates membership functions and rule weights in response to data variation to enhance decision accuracy under uncertainty. The described framework combines Fuzzy Inference Systems (FIS) with learning-based parameter update concepts borrowed from adaptive optimisation. The model was simulated and executed on a hybrid algorithmic platform that included gradient-based parameter tuning and iterative feedback learning. Experimental tests were conducted on uncertainty-generated data sets to compare adaptive and conventional fuzzy models in terms of ISME (Root Mean Square Error), convergence stability, and decision accuracy. Previous results show that the adaptive model achieves a 21.4% increase in accuracy and a 28% improvement in convergence rate compared to non-adaptive fuzzy systems. Moreover, the model ensures stable performance even in the presence of random data perturbations, demonstrating its ability to handle uncertainty. This book incorporates a self-tuning fuzzy decision model that converts static inference structures to dynamic evolving decision engines. The outcomes establish a foundation for next-generation smart DSS for real-time optimization in uncertainty.

The third trimester of pregnancy is a phase prone to anxiety due to physical and psychological changes and preparation for childbirth. Knowledge of pregnant women plays an important role in shaping mental readiness and reducing anxiety. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge levels and anxiety levels of pregnant women in the third trimester. The study used a quantitative correlational approach with 24 respondents selected through accidental sampling technique at Jatirogo Community Health Center, Central Kalimantan. Data were collected using a closed questionnaire and analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that 41.7 % of respondents had good knowledge and 66.7% did not experience anxiety. The Chi-Square test produced a significance value of p = 0.018, indicating a significant relationship between knowledge levels and anxiety of pregnant women. In conclusion, the higher the level of knowledge, the lower the anxiety experienced by pregnant women in the third trimester.

This study aims to evaluate the Resource Development and Installation (RDI) technique to reduce symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in female victims of domestic violence. Domestic violence (which falls under the category of intimate partner violence/IPV) is a global public health problem that contributes significantly to women's mental health disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Recent systematic evidence shows a strong association between various forms of IPV and adverse mental health outcomes in women, with large variations in prevalence across contexts. Resource Development and Installation (RDI) is a psychological stabilization procedure within EMDR aimed at generating positive resources in individuals exposed to traumatic experiences. The research method used in this study was multiple baseline with a single case (single case research), namely research conducted on subjects with the aim of determining the magnitude of the effect of treatment given repeatedly over a certain period. This study involved three adult female participants who experienced trauma symptoms due to violence perpetrated by an intimate partner in a domestic context. The data analysis technique used in this study was visual inspection by comparing changes in trauma scores in respondents between the baseline and intervention phases. Trauma symptoms were measured using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ). There was a decrease in HTQ scores from an average of 2.9 (presence of PTSD symptoms) before the intervention to 2.1 (minimal). Resources Development and Installation were effective in reducing trauma symptoms in female victims of violence. This was evident in the decrease in trauma symptom scores between before and after the provision of Resources Development and Installation to female victims of violence.

Cytokines and Vitamin K in crohn’s disease patients have been evaluated to discover the conceivable via biomarkers of diagnosed patients compared to control. Sera samples of Eighty patients and control of both genders. forty patients diagnosed crohn’s which the span of age between (20-36) years and 40 healthy volunteers as a control with span age (18-39) years. The patient were guests to Marjan hospital in Babylon city during the period (1/July/2025 to 1/September/2025). The current results showed a significant difference in statistic marks at (P<0.05). Vitamin K in patients below control. There is significance different between values of patients and controls in Magnesium, Calcium, Vitamin K, InterL10 and Toll-like receptor 4. According to word axel, there is magnitude significant relationship among cytokine InterL10 and Toll-like receptor 4, Magnesium, Calcium, & Vitamin K. The cytokines both InterL10 and Toll-like receptor 4 patients’ levels larger than control levels. Calcium and Magnesium which there is significance variance between both patients and Control

Student mental health is an important issue in higher education, yet many students remain reluctant to utilize counseling services. Several factors are suspected to influence students’ willingness to participate in counseling, including stress levels, social support, public stigma, and self-stigma. This study aimed to determine the relationship between stress level, social support, public stigma, and self-stigma with students’ intention to engage in mental health counseling. The research used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 202 first-year nursing students from Campus I of Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang were selected using a total sampling technique. The research instrument was a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability, and data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation test. The results showed that most students had a moderate level of stress (52.8%), adequate social support (58.1%), moderate public stigma (53.7%), and moderate self-stigma (55.3%). Students’ willingness to seek counseling was also in the moderate category (63.4%). Statistical analysis indicated a significant relationship between stress level (p=0.000), social support (p=0.002), public stigma (p=0.000), and self-stigma (p=0.000) with the intention to engage in mental health counseling. These findings highlight the importance of promotive and preventive approaches from educational institutions to enhance students’ awareness and access to mental health counseling services.

Oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and chromatin instability are usually associated with male infertility and undermine the sperm DNA integrity. Recently, Vitamin K₂ (menaquinone) became a bioactive compound whose regulation action can be found in both apoptosis and transcriptional signaling. This study examines how Vitamin K₂ can be protective in the regulation of apoptotic pathways and stability in sperm chromatin by an integrative experimental and in silico analysis. Vitamin K₂ levels, DNA fragmentation level of infertile men's serum and semen samples (Aniline Blue), and the expression levels of apoptosis-associated genes (BAX, BCL-2, and CASP-3) in the samples were examined by qRT-PCR. The characterization of Vitamin K₂ binding affinity to apoptotic proteins was done using dynamics simulations. Findings showed that high levels of Vitamin K₂ had a significant positive correlation with reduced levels of DNA fragmentation and good control of apoptotic genes with reduced BAX and CASP-3 and increased expression of BCL-2. In general, the results indicate Vitamin K₂ as a potential regulator of sperm death and chromatin integrity that provides new therapeutic understanding on how male infertile patients can be treated.

This study examines the Coldplay Gate phenomenon as a reflection of gender inequality and weak ethical relations in the workplace. The event, which began as a personal issue in the entertainment sphere, evolved into a public discourse because it revealed the vulnerability of women within organizational power structures. The workplace, which should uphold professionalism, instead demonstrates gender bias, subordination, and dysfunctional practices that undermine institutional integrity. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature study as the main method. Data were collected from news articles, research reports, and official publications from both national and international institutions such as the World Bank Gender Data Portal (2024), Statistics Indonesia (BPS, 2024), the International Labour Organization (ILO), and Populix (2024). Data analysis was conducted using content analysis to identify key themes, including women’s subordination, abuse of power relations, and weak organizational ethics. The findings indicate that Coldplay Gate should not be understood merely as a personal scandal but as a reflection of unequal workplace structures. Empirical data reinforce this conclusion, such as women’s labor participation of only 55.41 percent, limited representation in strategic positions (15 percent of CEOs are women), and high levels of workplace discrimination (45 percent). These findings highlight the need for ethical awareness and gender sensitivity to be internalized within organizational culture. The study concludes that formal regulations must be accompanied by the development of a fair, safe, and inclusive professional culture, enabling workplaces to function as equal spaces for all individuals without barriers based on gender or power relations.

Dry packing with the principle of hibernation aims to suppress the metabolic processes of an organism so that it can survive under minimal environmental conditions. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the dry packing method on the survival of freshwater crayfish (Cherax quadricarrinatus) tested with dry packing for 15, 20, and 25 hours. Before packing, the crayfish were ensured to be healthy and free from deformities. The packing was carried out using styrofoam lined with cardboard and filled with dried banana leaves, with a density of 20 crayfish of 10 cm size per package. The results showed that packing with dried banana leaves for 25 hours resulted in a 100% survival rate after packing, and the crayfish were able to become active again after 3 days. The dry packing method using dried banana leaves was proven effective in maintaining the survival of freshwater crayfish under live conditions during long packing durations. This study contributes to the development of efficient packing techniques for transporting freshwater crayfish alive.

Academic planning is one form of planning the teaching and learning process in state universities, aimed at achieving educational goals based on the standards set. One important aspect of academic planning is forecasting the number of new students. This study compares two forecasting methods, Fuzzy Time Series (FTS) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), in predicting the number of new students in the Statistics Study Program at Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. Forecasting the number of new students is crucial for determining various policies, such as resource allocation and providing adequate facilities. The results of the study show that the ARIMA method produces more accurate predictions with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 0.35%, which is lower than the FTS method. This indicates that ARIMA is more effective in predicting the number of new students in the Statistics Study Program at Universitas Negeri Gorontalo and can serve as a reference to improve academic planning quality in higher education institutions.

Tanah ekspansif merupakan jenis tanah bermasalah yang memiliki potensi mengembang dan menyusut secara signifikan akibat perubahan kadar air, sehingga dapat menimbulkan kerusakan pada struktur perkerasan jalan, pondasi bangunan, maupun infrastruktur lainnya. Upaya stabilisasi kimia merupakan metode yang umum digunakan untuk meningkatkan sifat teknis tanah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas campuran semen dan magnesium carbonate (MgCO₃) dalam meningkatkan karakteristik fisik dan mekanis tanah ekspansif. Metodologi penelitian mencakup pengambilan sampel tanah ekspansif dari lapangan, pengujian sifat fisik serta pengujian mekanis meliputi uji pemadatan dan uji CBR. Variasi campuran semen sebesar 5% dan MgCO₃ sebesar 5-15% dari berat kering tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan semen dan MgCO₃ mampu menurunkan plastisita, meningkatkan kepadatan dan nilai CBR secara signifikan dibandingkan kondisi tanah asli. Variasi paling efektif diperoleh pada 5% semen dan 15% MgCO₃ dengan nilai CBR unsoaked sebesar 16,35% dan CBR soaked sebesar 7,13%. Hasil ini menunjukkan MgCO₃ berperan sebagai aktivator mineral yang mempercepat reaksi pozzolanik dan meningkatkan pembentukan matriks pengikat pada butiran tanah. Campuran semen dan MgCO₃ dapat menjadi alternatif bahan stabilisasi yang efektif untuk perbaikan tanah ekspansif.

Kondisi jalan idealnya berada dalam keadaan mantap untuk mendukung mobilitas masyarakat, namun keterbatasan anggaran menjadi kendala sehingga diperlukan alokasi yang efektif, efisien, dan sesuai kebutuhan. Analisis prioritas penanganan jalan menggunakan Provincial and Kabupaten Road Management System (PKRMS) menghasilkan rekomendasi jenis penanganan, estimasi kebutuhan biaya, serta urutan prioritas berdasarkan data inventarisasi jalan, kondisi jalan, volume lalu lintas, dan harga satuan pekerjaan. Penilaian kondisi jalan dilakukan dengan menghitung nilai Treatment Trigger Index (TTI) sebagai dasar rekomendasi penanganan, sedangkan prioritas penanganan ditentukan melalui nilai Treatment Priority Index (TPI) yang mempertimbangkan kondisi jalan dan volume lalu lintas. Hasil analisis pada tujuh ruas jalan di Kecamatan Kranggan, Kabupaten Temanggung menunjukkan kebutuhan anggaran tahun 2026 sebesar Rp38.375,44 juta untuk pekerjaan rehabilitasi, pemeliharaan berkala, rutin kondisi, dan pemeliharaan rutin, dengan prioritas tertinggi pada ruas Jl. Kranggan–Klepu yang memiliki nilai TPI 84,2. Dibandingkan dengan alokasi anggaran tahun 2024 sebesar Rp 40,20 juta/km atau Rp 1.810,20 juta untuk total 45,30 km, dana yang tersedia hanya mampu mencakup pemeliharaan rutin, rutin kondisi, dan sebagian pemeliharaan berkala, sehingga diperlukan optimalisasi alokasi anggaran serta penambahan dana apabila peningkatan kemantapan jalan ditetapkan sebagai target utama

Food security is a crucial foundation in breaking the cycle of poverty, particularly in rural areas that are vulnerable to limited food access. The Government of Bangun Purba Village has implemented a food security assistance program through the distribution of livestock and crop seedlings as a strategy to improve both food availability and community income. This study aims to describe the implementation process of the program, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and assess its impact on poverty alleviation in the village. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. Informants include the village head, program coordinator, members of the Village Consultative Body (BPD), and program beneficiaries. Data analysis is based on David C. Korten’s Theory of Successful Program Implementation, which encompasses three main indicators: the program, implementing organization, and target group. The results show that the food security program in Bangun Purba Village has contributed positively to improving food availability for some community members. However, its effectiveness has not yet reached an optimal level due to uneven distribution of aid, lack of technical assistance, limited socialization, and weak coordination among stakeholders.

The digital era has significantly transformed human interaction, presenting complex opportunities and challenges. Trust is a crucial pillar in building healthy and productive interactions in the digital world. However, this trust is threatened by various factors, including cybercrime, the spread of misinformation, and increasingly invasive surveillance technology. In this context, the Islamic perspective offers a comprehensive ethical framework for building trust in the digital age. This research aims to explore how Islamic principles can be applied to build trust in the digital world. The study will identify Islamic principles relevant to building trust, develop a cyber regulation framework based on Islamic values, and formulate strategies to address the challenges of surveillance technology while considering Islamic ethics and values. A normative legal approach will be employed, focusing on regulatory studies, analysis of primary and secondary Islamic legal sources, and a comparative study of cyber regulations in Muslim-majority countries. This research is expected to make a significant contribution to formulating effective, ethical, and equitable cyber regulations, as well as addressing the challenges of surveillance technology in the digital age.  

The leadership style of a village head certainly influences the running of the government in a village. Therefore, analyzing the village head's leadership style is essential to determine the direction of village development for the community's welfare. This research, conducted in Hegarmanah Village, Jatinangor District, Sumedang Regency, West Java Province, used a qualitative approach with interviews, observations, and literature studies as data collection techniques. Results show that the Hegarmanah Village Head employs a participatory democratic leadership style, as seen in two-way communication and community involvement in decision-making. Since this study focuses solely on the Hegarmanah Village Head's leadership, future research can further explore different leadership styles through comparative studies with other village heads.

This study examines the application of law to cases of forced defense in the crime of murder committed by children based on Kepanjen District Court Decision Number 1/Pid.Sus-Anak/2020/PN Kpn. The aim is to analyze the criminalization process for child perpetrators of criminal acts and consider the legal basis used by judges in issuing decisions. This study uses a normative juridical method with a statutory and case-based approach, utilizing the Criminal Code, Law No. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, and court decisions as the main materials. The results of the study indicate that the criminalization process for children in this case is regulated by the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Law, however, the judge's considerations did not fully consider the provisions of Article 49 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code concerning excessive forced defense. The defendant's actions should be viewed as a form of forced defense so that they can be released from all legal charges. This finding emphasizes the importance of judges' consistency in interpreting the reasons for expungement of criminal penalties so that decisions are more just, especially for children in conflict with the law.  

Clinical practice is a crucial stage in nursing education that requires students to apply theoretical knowledge in real healthcare settings. The transition to a clinical environment often triggers anxiety, as students face competency demands, professional responsibilities, and direct interactions with patients. This study aims to determine the anxiety levels of fifth-semester nursing students prior to clinical practice at Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang. A descriptive quantitative design was employed with a sample of 35 students selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and analyzed descriptively with Microsoft Excel to obtain frequency and percentage distributions. The results showed that most students experienced severe anxiety (31%), followed by moderate (29%), mild (23%), no anxiety (14%), and panic-level anxiety (3%). These findings indicate that the majority of nursing students experience anxiety before clinical practice, predominantly at severe and moderate levels. Therefore, psychological support and mental preparation programs are essential to help students transition optimally into the clinical environment.

This paper discusses the concept of the influence of the end times on moral behavior. Eschatology is one of the important doctrines in Christian theology that not only discusses end-time events, such as the Second Coming of Christ, the resurrection of the dead, and the Last Judgment, but also has a real influence on the moral life of believers. This study aims to analyze how the understanding of the end times affects moral behavior in daily life. Awareness of the coming of Christ and the Last Judgment encourages believers to live in faith, obedience, and love, which are reflected in concrete actions and the formation of character in accordance with Christian values. Various theological views such as premillennialism, amillennialism, and postmillennialism provide different perspectives, yet all emphasize the importance of living with an orientation toward eternity. Amid the challenges of modern times, a proper understanding of eschatology becomes an important foundation so that believers are not trapped in fear or incorrect interpretations, but are instead able to use it as motivation to live morally, faithfully, and with hope. Therefore, the concept of the end times plays a significant role in shaping moral behavior that reflects a living faith and readiness to welcome eternal life.