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This final work aims to visualize the various negative impacts caused by early marriage on the lives of children resulting from the marriage in a surrealist painting. The hope of this work is to increase public knowledge and awareness and enrich ideas in realizing surrealist painting. The method used by the author is the art concertium method which consists of: (1) Preparation, in the form of observation, collection of information and ideas. (2) Elaboration, to determine the main idea through analysis, abstraction, generalization, and transmutation. (3) Synthesis, to realize the concept of the artwork. (4) Realization of the concept into various art media. (5) Completing it into the final form of the artwork. These stages are a reference for the author in working on the painting. Based on the understanding and determination of the idea, the author can visualize 10 works with the titles: first "Cage", second "Control", third "Silent", fourth "Gloomy", fifth "Free", sixth "Grow", seventh "Towards Light", eighth "Tertindih", ninth "Melebur", tenth "Anger".

Previously, germination was reported in many studies that could improve the nutritional status and bioactive compounds in brown rice. However, the change of those functional properties was randomly different in diverse varieties. This study aimed to evaluate the change in chemical composition and functional properties of germinated brown rice from the Mentikwangi variety, one of the local paddy rice in Indonesia. Brown rice was germinated using the soaked and aeration method for 48 h. After that, the proximate compositions were analyzed including the change of total phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activity. We observed that germination in Mentikwangi brown rice significantly increased the crude protein content, but reduced the lipid and total carbohydrate contents. Moreover, the antioxidant activity was improved in germinated Mentikwangi brown rice sample due to the improvement of total phenolic compounds. These results affirm the previous studies which concluded that germination attenuated the functional properties of brown rice, so that has the potential to be developed as a future functional food.

Indonesia is renowned for its rich tropical flora diversity, and Kalimantan Island stands out for its exceptional fruit variety. Three fruits, ramania, kapul, and ihau fruits, have drawn particular interest due to their potential health benefits and possible uses in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Nevertheless, these fruits are rarely explored comprehensively. So, this study offers a better understanding of the diverse fruits found in Kalimantan through a comparative analysis of literature data. This literature review aims to provide valuable insights into the nutritional and bioactive properties of these fruits and highlights their potential health benefits. The results from various previous studies exhibited that the exotic and indigenous fruits from Kalimantan, including ramania, kapul, and ihau fruits, are packed with essential nutrients like proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and bioactive compounds that act as anti-aging, anti-bacterial, anticancer, antioxidants, and other bioactivities. Moreover, Kalimantan's exotic and indigenous fruits also have great potential as ingredients for functional food or pharmaceutical production. However, further research is necessary to fully explore their potential and innovative applications in various industries.

Sausage is one of frozen food product that’s popular among the society. Mackerel is classified as a fish that’s low fat and higher in protein, and also has characteristics like white meat, thick and didn’t had contain many thorns, so it’s suitable for used in the processed of fish sausage. Innovation of fish sausage can be carried out by fortification provitamin A from carrot paste, and produced gluten-free mackerel sausage product by using sago flour and tapioca starch as a binder. The purpose of this study was to identify  characteristics of mackerel sausage fortified of carrot paste which is high in protein and β-carotene. The experimental design used is a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the first factor being the ratio of mackerel and carrot paste 75% : 25%, 50% : 50%, 25% : 75%. The second factor was the ratio of sago flour and tapioca starch as filler of sausage 80% : 20%, 60% : 40%, and 40%: 60%. The analysis indicated that the formulation of mackerel sausage which is highs in protein and the most preferred by consumers is found in the ratio of 75% mackerel : 25% carrot paste and 80% sago flour : 20% tapioca starch with a protein content of 11,36% and an overall level of preference is 3,55 (neutal). The mackerel sausage formulation that’s highs in β-carotene is found in the ratio of 25% mackerel: 75% carrot paste and 60% sago flour: 40% tapioca starch by 876 µg/g. Fortified carrot paste in mackerel sausages could be a  potensial source of protein and β-carotene.

The scheduling and resource allocation procedure is an essential component of cloud resource management. Effective resource allocation is severely hampered by the task arrival rates' erratic and unclear behavior. To prevent under or overusing resources, an effective scheduling strategy is necessary. To improve scheduling and allocation performance, a multi-objective optimization technique is presented for the best resource allocation and task scheduling inside scientific workflow datasets in a heterogeneous environment. In the first stage, the system calculates four key metrics: Communication Cost, Computation Cost, Earliest Finished Time on a particular VM, and Total Task Length for a specific scientific workflow dataset. These metrics provide a comprehensive understanding of the resource requirements and help make informed scheduling decisions. In the second stage, tasks are clustered using the K-Means clustering algorithm. This clustering groups similar tasks together, making managing and scheduling them easier. In the third stage, the proposed resource allocation algorithm allocates the clustered tasks to the appropriate VMs. This step ensures that the tasks are assigned to the best-suited resources, optimizing the overall system performance and resource utilization. By following this multi-stage process, the system aims to achieve optimal resource allocation and task scheduling, thereby improving the efficiency and effectiveness of cloud resource management. The proposed method significantly outperforms PSO, CSO, and GWO by consistently achieving lower Makespan—under 400 units at 50 tasks—while maintaining high resource utilization rates above 0.75, demonstrating superior efficiency in task execution and resource management.

The development of various business activities is increasing, one example of business development that causes positive changes is the retail business. Retail is an example of a type of business activity that has rapid development in Indonesia. With this potential, business opportunities are formed in the retail sector. This research was conducted at Miniso in Denpasar. The purpose of this study was to test and explain the role of shopping enjoyment in mediating hedonic motivation on impulse buying at Miniso in Denpasar. There was 120 respondents in this study sample. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires via google form. The classical assumption test, path analysis test, sobel test, and VAF test were used to analyze the gathered data. The results of this study state that hedonic motivation has a significant positive effect on impulse buying, hedonic motivation has a significant positive effect on shopping enjoyment, shopping enjoyment has a significant positive effect on impulse buying, and shopping enjoyment can partially mediate the influence of hedonic motivation on impulse buying at Miniso in Denpasar. By taking consider to the elements of hedonic motivation and shopping enjoyment, Miniso can use the implications of this study as input and consideration in order to preserve consumers.    

This qualitative literature review explores "Dynamic Workload Adjustment in Condition-Based Maintenance: A Review of Robust Optimization Approaches for Production Systems." The study synthesizes recent advancements in condition-based maintenance (CBM) frameworks, focusing on the application of robust optimization techniques to enhance production efficiency and maintenance decision-making. The review highlights the importance of dynamic workload adjustment as a crucial strategy for aligning maintenance activities with fluctuating production demands, ultimately aiming to minimize downtime and optimize resource utilization. By analyzing eight key studies in the field, this review identifies the strengths and challenges associated with the implementation of robust optimization models in CBM practices. Key findings indicate that while robust optimization significantly improves maintenance outcomes, challenges remain in terms of complexity, required skill sets, and organizational culture. The review concludes by emphasizing the need for further empirical research and the exploration of hybrid models to fully realize the benefits of dynamic workload adjustment in diverse industrial contexts. This study provides a comprehensive overview that will aid researchers and practitioners in understanding and advancing condition-based maintenance methodologies.

This qualitative literature review investigates the impact of constituency statutes on managerial decision-making and operational investments in corporate governance. As organizations increasingly adopt constituency statutes, a significant shift from traditional shareholder primacy to a stakeholder-oriented approach has emerged. This review synthesizes findings from various empirical studies, highlighting how constituency statutes facilitate a broader engagement with stakeholders, thus enhancing decision-making processes and promoting sustainable operational practices. The review identifies key themes, including the improved risk management capabilities, the fostering of transparency and collaboration, and the challenges of balancing diverse stakeholder interests. It underscores the importance of aligning organizational strategies with stakeholder expectations to ensure long-term value creation and corporate resilience. Despite the positive implications, the review also acknowledges limitations, including the variability of outcomes across different sectors and the potential complexities in stakeholder engagement. This study contributes to the understanding of how constituency statutes can reshape corporate governance frameworks, emphasizing the need for ongoing research to navigate the evolving landscape of managerial decision-making.

This qualitative literature review investigates the phenomenon of recruitment deception within the framework of global labor exploitation. It explores the disconnect between existing policies designed to protect workers and the actual practices in recruitment processes across various industries and geographical regions. By analyzing a range of scholarly articles, reports, and case studies, the review identifies prevalent deceptive practices that exploit vulnerable populations, including migrant workers and those in precarious employment situations. The findings reveal significant gaps in the enforcement of protective legislation and highlight the emotional and psychological impacts of deception on affected individuals. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the necessity for collaborative efforts among stakeholders—including governments, non-governmental organizations, and community groups—to create effective interventions that address these injustices. Ultimately, the study calls for a more inclusive policy-making process that incorporates the experiences of survivors, aiming to develop comprehensive strategies to combat recruitment deception and enhance labor market equity.

This literature review investigates the paradox of diversity by examining how Critical Race Theory (CRT) challenges conventional approaches to equity and inclusion in organizational settings. The study explores the limitations of traditional diversity management frameworks, which often focus on representation or meritocracy without addressing deeper systemic issues of racism and discrimination. By applying CRT's principles of intersectionality and social justice, this review highlights how diversity programs that neglect to confront historical and structural power imbalances may fail to achieve true equity. The findings suggest that CRT offers a more comprehensive approach to understanding diversity, enabling organizations to create strategies that address inequities at their core. However, the review also acknowledges the limitations of applying CRT in diverse global contexts and the challenges organizations may face in implementing these strategies. The study concludes by recommending further empirical research on the outcomes of CRT-based diversity initiatives and suggests expanding the focus beyond race to include other dimensions of diversity such as gender and disability.

This qualitative literature review explores the development and implications of the Contextualized Scholarly Impact Index (CSII), a framework designed to address the limitations of traditional metrics in assessing scholarly contributions. The review highlights the need for a more nuanced understanding of scholarly impact that incorporates contextual factors, such as collaboration, societal relevance, and interdisciplinary engagement. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, the review identifies key themes that underscore the importance of recognizing diverse forms of scholarship, including public engagement and community involvement. The findings indicate that the CSII has the potential to transform the landscape of scholarly impact assessment by promoting a holistic and equitable evaluation framework. This shift aligns with the growing consensus within the academic community for more inclusive methodologies that reflect the multifaceted nature of research contributions. However, the review also acknowledges limitations, including the subjective interpretation of literature, the rapidly evolving nature of the field, and the need for empirical validation of the CSII. Ultimately, this review lays the groundwork for future research and practice, advocating for a contextualized approach that enriches our understanding of scholarly impact in contemporary academia.

This qualitative literature review explores the theoretical and methodological implications of developing team quality and sustainable culture at the top management level. The study highlights the importance of structured methodologies to enhance the capabilities of top management teams (TMTs) for achieving real teamwork and fostering a sustainable quality culture. Key findings emphasize the significance of a systemic view, emotional commitment, and continuous improvement as critical elements for success. Additionally, a strong organizational culture mediates the relationship between perceived ethics and organizational performance. While providing valuable insights, this review acknowledges limitations, such as reliance on existing literature and potential generalization issues across different organizational contexts. Future research should include empirical studies to validate these findings and explore additional factors influencing team quality and sustainable culture development at the top management level.

This qualitative literature review explores the role of relational capacity and networking in the success of start-ups within entrepreneurial ecosystems. The study synthesizes findings from existing research to highlight how strong relational capacity facilitates access to essential resources, information, and market opportunities. It also underscores the importance of diverse and extensive networks in fostering innovation and adaptability. The dynamic nature of entrepreneurial ecosystems, supported by favorable policies and a culture of innovation, is crucial for start-up growth. Despite challenges in building effective networks, digital technology presents new opportunities for start-ups to expand their networks and leverage virtual resources. This study concludes that effective relational capacity and networking are critical for the sustainability and success of start-ups. Limitations include the scope of literature and the need for empirical validation through further research.

This qualitative literature review explores the influence of corporate integrity culture on merger and acquisition (M&A) performance. The study synthesizes findings from recent research, highlighting that a strong integrity culture in target firms impacts market reactions and reduces uncertainty during M&A transactions. Key mechanisms identified include the retention of directors and customers, which enhances post-acquisition stability and operational continuity. Despite the significant insights provided, this review acknowledges limitations such as reliance on secondary data and potential biases in reported corporate information. Additionally, contextual factors like industry differences and regulatory environments may affect the integrity culture-M&A performance relationship. Future research should incorporate primary data and consider these contextual variables to deepen understanding. Overall, this study underscores the critical role of cultural integrity in enhancing M&A success and offers a framework for evaluating cultural aspects in future M&A activities.

This qualitative literature review explores the role of organizational capital in enhancing firm performance through inventory efficiency. The study finds that organizational capital positively impacts inventory efficiency by fostering innovation, improving stakeholder orientation, and reducing financial constraints. It also strengthens the relationship between inventory efficiency and firm performance, suggesting that investment in organizational capital can lead to significant competitive advantages. However, the review highlights limitations, including a focus on US-based firms and a lack of exploration into specific elements of organizational capital, such as organizational culture and leadership styles. These findings underscore the need for further empirical research across diverse international contexts to deepen the understanding of organizational capital's impact on inventory management

This qualitative literature review explores the paradox of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reporting, highlighting the gap between corporate commitments and actual behavior. The review synthesizes recent research, revealing that CSR disclosures often serve as tools for legitimacy rather than genuine accountability. Issues such as greenwashing and inconsistent reporting standards undermine the credibility of CSR reports, limiting their impact on corporate behavior. The review emphasizes the importance of stakeholder pressure in enhancing accountability and calls for standardized reporting frameworks to improve transparency. Despite the widespread adoption of CSR reporting, significant challenges remain in aligning disclosures with authentic corporate practices. This study underscores the need for concerted efforts from companies and regulators to ensure that CSR reporting promotes ethical business conduct.

Government Administration plays an important role in the government's large involvement in the development process in the administrative system. For this reason, in order for development goals to really be achieved as expected, what must be considered is the existence of government officials who have competence in making village government administration. The formulation of the problem proposed in this study is How to implement the supervisory function by the Inspectorate in increasing compliance with the implementation of village government administration? What obstacles are faced in the implementation of the supervisory function by the Inspectorate in improving compliance with the implementation of village government administration? What efforts are made in the implementation of the supervisory function by the Inspectorate in increasing compliance with the implementation of village government administration? The method used is a qualitative descriptive research method. The results of the study show that the supervisory function by the inspectorate as well as the function of the supervision itself that must be carried out by the inspectorate is to strengthen the sense of responsibility of employees who are assigned tasks and authorities in the implementation of work. Educating employees to carry out their work in accordance with the established procedures. prevent negligence, weakness and irregularities so that unwanted losses do not occur, correct mistakes and misappropriations so that in the implementation of work do not experience obstacles and wastes, have been implemented in accordance with existing rules, but the results have not been able to increase compliance with the implementation of Village Government administration in Cijulang Village, Pangandaran Regency. The obstacles faced in the implementation of the supervisory function by the Inspectorate in increasing compliance with the implementation of village government administration in Cijulang Village, Pangandaran Regency, the most important are the human resources of the village government who do not want to study it and the limited auditors of the Pangandaran inspectorate, so that with a large number of villages it has an impact on the supervision process that is not in accordance with its function. Efforts made in the implementation of the supervisory function by the Inspectorate in improving compliance with the implementation of village government administration in Cijulang Village, Pangandaran Regency, are by doing the following things. An advisory services program is carried out by coming to villages to provide consulting services related to village administration management and village financial management or regarding the implementation of village government.

Sadana District implements community-based tourism as an empowerment approach that involves and places the community as an important actor in the context of a new development paradigm, namely sustainable development (Sustainable Development Paradigm). The purpose of community empowerment itself is basically to improve the knowledge, attitudes, and skills of each individual, so that they have the ability to work and strive independently in order to improve their quality of life. In addition, the purpose of empowerment is to increase the potential of the community in order to be able to improve a better quality of life for all community members through self-help activities (Sutarto, 2007:153) This type of research is field research directly from the community through interviews, documentation and other tools which are primary data. Primary data was obtained by themselves from the community and still needs further analysis. Field research is a research that aims to research something that happens in the community, in this case the location to be studied is in Bendasari Village, Gunungsari Village and Tanjungsari Village, Sadananya District, Ciamis Regency. The nature of the research used in this study is qualitative descriptive research. The definition of descriptive is research that seeks to tell a solution to existing problems based on data, presenting data, analyzing and interpreting. The qualitative research is data collection carried out under natural conditions, primary data sources and data collection techniques are more on in-depth observation and interviews and documentation. Qualitative research is to make a systematic, factual and accurate analysis of facts or characteristics of a certain population or region. Based on the description of the results of the research and discussions that have been carried out, the researcher can draw conclusions, including the development efforts in the Bendasari, Tanjungsari, and Gunungsari Tourism Villages taken through: (a) Human resource development is carried out through training, discussions, and others. (b) Partnership with River Tubing, Taruna Karya, PLN, the Resque sector, and parties engaged in the tourism sector. (c) Village Government activities, namely holding meetings, discussions, and sports together. (d) Promotion through social media, through word of mouth, publication. (e) Festival or competition, namely a songbird competition held at the Bukit Bubulak tourist attraction, Bendasari Village. (f) Fostering community organizations by inviting the community to participate in the management of Tourism Villages. (e) Cooperation with universities or universities in Ciamis Regency and its surroundings.

Human anxiety about life leads to a prayer ritual for religious people. Praying is considered an effective way to realize dreams, but there is also an assumption that it is unreasonable. The purpose of this study is to present a perspective on prayer. The research methodology uses literature studies to support the achievement of research objectives. The results of the study are that prayer is not a shortcut to solving problems that require mastery of all relevant facts. Someone who prays only with the aim of using God to solve their own problems, means violating the basic principles of all social and moral relationships. Prayer has a great influence on humans psychologically, such as being able to calm, soothe and convince themselves of the life choices that have been decided to be lived. The essence of prayer is an extension of togetherness and community concern.    

This research aims to find out what factors cause delinquency in children with physical disabilities and pastoral care using a behavioral approach that is relevant to dealing with delinquency in children with physical disabilities. The research was carried out using a qualitative approach involving pastoral case studies of a number of children with physical disabilities who experienced naughty behavior. Data was collected through participant observation, interviews with children, parents, and pastoral assistants, and documentation analysis. The research results show that pastoral care using a behavioral approach is able to make a positive contribution in managing the naughty behavior of children with disabilities. This research provides an in-depth understanding of the importance of pastoral care integrated with a behavioral approach in helping children with disabilities manage their naughty behavior. The practical implication of these findings is the development of more structured and evidence-based mentoring programs to support the holistic development of children with disabilities.