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Fiqih learning at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level plays a crucial role in shaping students’ understanding of proper worship practices in accordance with Islamic law. However, in practice, fiqih instruction is often delivered through verbal and teacher-centered approaches, causing students to focus more on memorization rather than meaningful understanding and correct application. This study aims to examine the implementation of the demonstration method in fiqih learning as an effort to improve students’ understanding of worship procedures, particularly in practical materials such as ablution, prayer, and other daily acts of worship in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. The demonstration method is considered appropriate because it allows students to directly observe the processes and stages of worship practices, making learning more concrete, contextual, and meaningful. The findings indicate that the application of the demonstration method effectively enhances both conceptual and practical understanding of students, increases learning motivation, and minimizes errors in performing worship. Students not only comprehend the sequences and recitations of worship but are also able to practice them correctly in accordance with fiqih principles. Therefore, the demonstration method can serve as an effective learning approach in fiqih instruction at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level to develop a comprehensive understanding of worship that integrates cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects.

This research responds to the contemporary educational crisis dominated by cognitive intelligence ('aql) resulting in the phenomenon of "smart but dry," by proposing Al-Ghazali's concept of "Education of Feelings" as a solution. The aim is to explore the concept, methods, and relevance of "Education of Feelings" to balance the intellectual and spiritual dimensions. This descriptive qualitative research uses library research on Al-Ghazali's works. The results show that "Education of Feelings" is a transformative effort that emphasizes the integration of knowledge through reason and intuition (dzawq), with the qalb (spiritual heart) as the center of knowledge reception. Its pedagogical core is the process of purifying the soul (Tazkiyatun Nafs) so that knowledge is beneficial (Ilm Nafi') and culminates in ma'rifah (true knowledge) and moral perfection (al-insan al-kamil). Practically, relevant methods include teacher role models (uswah hasanah) and learning based on deep reflection. This concept is relevant in the digital age because it serves as a spiritual bulwark, offering peace of mind (sakinah) and an ethical filter (dzawq) to counter individualism and information disruption. Consequently, Islamic Religious Education (PAI) education is advised to reconstruct its curriculum and evaluation to include a portfolio assessment of morals, in order to shape a cognitively intelligent and spiritually mature generation.

Learning evaluation is an important element in the educational process because it allows us to determine the extent to which students have achieved their competencies and helps improve the quality of learning. Objective tests are considered relevant because they can measure students' thinking abilities efficiently and systematically. However, in PAI learning, there are challenges because what is assessed is not only knowledge, but also understanding, attitudes, and actions in religion. This study aims to analyze the application of objective test instruments in evaluating PAI learning at SMA Negeri 1 Jetis Bantul, including how teachers create questions, the difficulties they encounter, and the impact on students. This study uses a qualitative approach with interview, observation, and documentation techniques, then content analysis is used to analyze the results. The findings indicate that teachers have applied HOTS-based questions in accordance with the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum. However, students still have difficulty understanding long narrative questions, and objective instruments are not appropriate for assessing affective aspects. In general, students respond positively, but their learning style tends to be instant, relying solely on question outlines. To achieve holistic educational goals in line with the Pancasila Student Profile, continuous innovation is needed in the development of objective testing instruments that are capable of comprehensively measuring cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects.

The advancement of digital technology has brought crucial impacts on the transformation of the learning process and the formation of student identity. Teachers as educators are required to have appropriate strategies to ensure that technological progress can be utilized positively in character building. This study aims to identify and evaluate teachers' pedagogical strategies implemented in shaping students' character integrity in the context of the digital era. The method used was a literature study by examining theories, journals, books, and relevant research on teacher strategies and character education applicable in the digital era context. The results indicate that effective strategies include integrating character education in digital learning, teacher role modeling in technology use, habituation of ethical behavior in cyberspace, and collaboration with parents in monitoring students' digital activities. The role playing strategy proves effective as a learning method that can help students face various digital situations wisely and responsibly. Teachers have a central role in guiding students to be able to use technology wisely and with character, not only focusing on academic achievement but also on character development that is relevant to 21st-century needs.

The development of science, technology, and the arts (IPTEKS) presents both challenges and opportunities, particularly for young Christians in the Faculty of Languages and Arts. This study explores the role of Christian faith in shaping how young Christians engage with IPTEKS, focusing on the integration of faith-based values in artistic creation, scientific application, and technological use. Using qualitative descriptive methods, the research involved interviews, observations, and documentation from Christian students in various art and education programs. The findings suggest that Christian faith provides a moral, ethical, and spiritual foundation for the responsible use of IPTEKS. In the arts, faith motivates students to create works that serve as ministry and testimony. In science, it encourages knowledge application for service and glorifying God. In technology, faith serves as a moral filter for the positive use of digital media. Key scriptures, including Proverbs 1:7, Colossians 3:23-24, and Romans 12:2, reinforce that IPTEKS should be utilized to honor God and serve others. This study highlights the need for faith development in academic settings, ensuring that young Christians engage with IPTEKS wisely, ethically, and in alignment with Christian values.

This study aims to analyze the role of catechesis in preparing couples for marriage in the Catholic Church comprehensively, encompassing theological, spiritual, mental, and emotional dimensions. The background of this study is based on the phenomenon that some couples still enter into marriage without adequate faith preparation, thus implicating a low understanding of the meaning of the sacrament of marriage as a holy and inseparable life partnership. The research method used is a quantitative approach with a Likert-scale questionnaire as the data collection technique. The research instrument was compiled based on three main indicators, namely understanding the teachings of the sacrament, family function, and church life. Data were analyzed descriptively to measure respondents' perceptions of the effectiveness of catechesis in preparing for Catholic marriage. The results showed that the role of catechesis obtained a high average score of 37.34, with 83.87% of respondents in the strongly agree category. This indicates that catechesis plays a significant role in shaping the spiritual and psychological readiness of prospective couples. The implications of this research confirm that catechesis does not only function as a process of teaching faith, but also as an integral pastoral tool in building Catholic families based on love, loyalty, and Christian responsibility, and contributes to strengthening the faith of the church community. .

This study examines the Lom Plai tradition of the Dayak Wehea community from the perspective of Catholic inculturation theology. Although this tradition has been widely studied from an anthropological perspective, no research has specifically examined the meaning of its values, symbols, and rituals in the light of inculturation. Therefore, this study is important to see the possibility of dialogue between the Gospel and local culture. The purpose of this study is to understand how elements of Lom Plai culture can be interpreted and processed within the framework of inculturation theology and how the values ​​contained therein can enrich the pastoral life of the community. The study uses a literature review method with a qualitative-contextual theological approach through analysis of theological literature, Church documents, and ethnographic studies of the Dayak Wehea. The research findings indicate that the values ​​of harvest gratitude, respect for the land, community solidarity, and symbols such as rice and thanksgiving rituals are aligned with Christian spirituality and have the potential to be integrated into pastoral practice. The implications of this study emphasize the need for ongoing discernment so that the inculturation process runs authentically, enriches the community's faith, and maintains the cultural identity of the Wehea community.  

This article discusses the meaning of religious values ​​in the Pati Ka Du'a Bapu Ata Mata tradition of the Ende Lio community and how this tradition is understood from a Catholic perspective. This tradition is a form of respect for ancestors who are believed to continue to play a role in the lives of their descendants. The study aims to explain the religious meaning, ethical values, and the integration of local traditions with the Catholic faith through an inculturation process. Using qualitative methods through interviews, observations, and literature studies, this study found that the Pati Ka Du'a Bapu Ata Mata tradition contains values ​​of gratitude, solidarity, togetherness, and an awareness of human connection with nature, ancestors, and God. From a Catholic perspective, these values ​​align with teachings on respect for others and the communion of saints, although some elements of the tradition require theological refinement to conform to Catholic principles. These findings suggest that local traditions can serve as a means of deepening faith, strengthening cultural identity, and encouraging harmonious religious practices within the Ende Lio community.

Indonesia's cultural diversity demands a process of inculturation, in which local values ​​enter into dialogue with faith. This study examines the Lodong Me tradition in Sikka, East Nusa Tenggara, as a ritual of thanksgiving for birth that is essential and relevant amidst the challenges of modernity. The aim is to describe the meaning of Lodong Me and analyze its encounter with Christian faith through an inculturation approach. Using a qualitative approach with a case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants and tested using source triangulation. The results show that Lodong Me is interpreted culturally and theologically as gratitude for divine grace, where gratitude to ancestors and God (Ama Pu) is placed in a harmonious arrangement. This ritual has been proven to meet the criteria for genuine adaptation because it has compatible values ​​(such as work ethic and responsibility to care for creation) and effectively strengthens the congregation's faith experience. By implication, this case study enriches the literature on inculturation in Indonesia and makes an important contribution to the Church's pastoral care in Sikka to prevent duality of belief.

The emergence of smartphone technology has brought significant changes to the world of education while simultaneously creating new challenges for teachers. This study aims to identify and analyze the challenges teachers face in the learning process following the widespread use of smartphones by students. The method used was a literature review, examining various sources on digital learning, student behavior, and the impact of technology on the educational process. The results indicate that teachers face various challenges, including student concentration disruptions due to entertainment content, over-reliance on technology, student access to age-inappropriate content, lack of parental supervision, unequal access to devices, and the emergence of digital ethics issues such as social media misuse and cyberbullying. These conditions require teachers to have stronger digital competencies, adaptive classroom management skills, and pedagogical strategies that balance technology use with character building and healthy digital discipline. To address these challenges, four main strategies can be implemented: enhancing digital competence, integrating character values in technology use, innovating learning methods, and building collaboration among teachers in designing digital learning.

This study examines in depth the meaning of gratitude expressed in the traditional Wu’u Nura ceremony in Daniwato Village, West Solor, as well as in the Eucharistic celebration, which stands as the central liturgy of the Catholic Church. The Wu’u Nura ceremony is a communal tradition of thanksgiving for the harvest, expressed through symbolic rituals, offerings of agricultural produce, collective prayers, and ceremonial practices that reflect a harmonious relationship between humans, nature, ancestors, and God. Through these rituals, the community strengthens social cohesion, cultural identity, and religious awareness that have been passed down across generations. In contrast, gratitude within the Eucharistic celebration is understood as an expression of faith and a theological response to God’s salvific grace manifested through Christ’s sacrifice, made present in the consecration of bread and wine. Using a qualitative method and comparative approach, this study reveals that although differing in expression, structure, and theological foundations, both practices uphold gratitude as a universal value that fosters spiritual relationships and social solidarity. The findings affirm that dialogue between local culture and Church liturgy—within the spirit of inculturation—can enrich the understanding of faith, deepen spiritual life, and support the preservation of meaningful local traditions. This study contributes significantly to cultural and theological scholarship, as well as pastoral efforts aimed at fostering harmony between religion and culture in pluralistic societies.

The phenomenon of introduction through social media has become very common in this digital era. Social media offers ease and efficiency in introducing individuals to others, allowing them to meet, interact, and build relationships in a different way than traditional methods. However, the introduction of a partner through social media also brings its own challenges, emotional manipulation, and limitations in understanding the partner in depth. In the context of Catholic marriage, this phenomenon poses a serious challenge to canonical law. Canon law strictly regulates marriage in order to remain faithful to the Church's teaching of lifelong union and openness to procreation. However, the introduction of a couple through social media can affect the validity of the agreement, psychological readiness, and understanding of the nature of marriage. The Church needs to meet these challenges with a new pastoral approach, including the development of specific guidelines for the companionship of couples who start relationships through social media. This approach includes strengthening more intensive and comprehensive pastoral mentoring, utilizing social media as a tool for education and counseling and reminding couples of the importance of transparency and honesty in relationships. Thus, the Church faces the challenge of ensuring the psychological readiness of both parties and helping couples to understand more deeply about the marital commitments they make and to maintain the values of the sacrament of marriage in an ever-evolving digital world.

The role of technology in revitalizing expository learning strategies in the 21st century. Expository learning strategies are direct teaching methods by teachers with verbal explanations of material, which are effective in conveying factual information but have been criticized for not stimulating critical thinking and not catering to the variety of student learning styles. This study examines how the integration of digital technology and active learning approaches can improve the effectiveness and engagement of students in expository learning. The use of multimedia, digital platforms, and learning management systems (LMS) opens up opportunities for more interactive and collaborative teaching. However, challenges such as unequal access to technology and the management of digital learning must be addressed so that technology can optimally improve the quality of teaching. Curriculum revitalization is also important to align education with industry needs and technological developments, emphasizing the development of practical skills and digital literacy so that graduates are ready to compete in the global job market. This study provides analysis and suggestions for education practitioners to implement more adaptive and effective expository learning strategies in today's digital era.

This paper focuses on a critical reflection on the text of Psalm 1:1-6, specifically introducing two opposing paths between "the way of the righteous" and "the way of the wicked." A critical approach to this text is carried out by considering interpretive and contextual aspects, and finding the meanings contained therein by connecting the experiences of modern-millennial humans. This writing uses qualitative methods and a library research approach, to the Bible, and the book of Psalms 1-72, as well as the book Traces of God's Salvation Work: An Introduction and the Ins and Outs of the Old Testament Scriptures. This writing involves critical reflection on the structure of the text, key words, and moral messages hidden in Psalm 1:1-6. In addition, this paper also explores the social and spiritual implications of understanding "the way of the righteous" and "the way of the wicked" in the context of modern-millennial society. The main finding in this writing is to provide deeper insight into how the concepts expressed in the Book of Psalms 1:1-6 can be applied in the lives of modern-millennial humans, as well as how the moral messages from the text can be relevant in guiding individuals in choosing the right path in life.

The growing demand for integrated Islamic schools to deliver high-quality education that emphasizes both academic excellence and character development has encouraged the adoption of Total Quality Management (TQM) as a modern and relevant management approach. TQM is considered appropriate because it highlights continuous improvement, active involvement of all school members, and a strong focus on customer satisfaction within the educational context. This study aims to analyze the implementation of TQM in improving school quality at three integrated Islamic junior high schools: SMP IT Al-Khoiriyyah, SMP IT Nurul Islam, and SMP IT Baitul Anshor. The research employed a qualitative method using a multi-case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observations, and document analysis involving principals, vice principals, teachers, educational staff, students, and parents. Data analysis followed the stages of reduction, presentation, and inductive conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that TQM implementation in all three schools followed four main stages: planning, organizing, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation. During planning, TQM principles were embedded in School Work Plans, the PDCA cycle was applied, and stakeholders were actively involved. Organizing focused on quality-based structures, clear task distribution, and teamwork. Implementation included quality-oriented learning, teacher development, extracurricular activities, and integrated Islamic programs, while monitoring involved supervision, internal audits, evaluation meetings, and feedback systems. Supporting factors included visionary leadership, Islamic work culture, and parental support, while challenges involved limited facilities, uneven teacher competencies, and heavy workloads.

This study is motivated by the challenge of economic independence for Islamic boarding schools amid the transformation of their role in the modern era. Islamic boarding schools no longer function solely as traditional Islamic educational institutions, but have also developed as centers for economic and social empowerment of the community. However, dependence on uncertain external funding sources has prompted the need to develop a sustainable economic ecosystem for Islamic boarding schools in order to strengthen the independence of these institutions. This study aims to explore the development of Islamic boarding school financing management based on economic independence. This study uses a qualitative approach, with an exploratory sequential mixed methods design. The research method uses Research and Development (R&D) with the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation (ADDIE) development model. The results of the study found that: 1) Financial management in two Islamic boarding schools has been carried out systematically through planning, funding diversification, governance, and continuous evaluation with a contextual approach. 2) The development of financial management has shifted from an administrative function to an economic independence strategy based on the integration of modern governance and Islamic boarding school values.

One persistent challenge in Indonesian education is the insufficient internalization of character values among students, which can affect the overall quality of graduates. This study aims to explore the management of character education in enhancing graduate quality at Al-Ittihad Senior High School Cianjur and Ciranjang 1 Public Senior High School. The research adopts a qualitative approach using a multi-case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis to obtain a comprehensive understanding of character education practices in both institutions. The findings indicate that both schools emphasize the development of strong academic character and religious or moral awareness, although through different approaches. Al-Ittihad Senior High School integrates the national curriculum with Islamic boarding school values through boarding programs, structured worship routines, and daily religious habits. In contrast, Ciranjang 1 Public Senior High School implements character education based on its BIJAK’S vision, which is embedded in intracurricular and extracurricular activities as well as positive daily habits. Organizationally, Al-Ittihad involves close collaboration between the principal, teachers, and boarding school supervisors, while Ciranjang 1 relies more on a formal public school structure, with the vice principal for student affairs and supervising teachers playing key roles. Implementation at Al-Ittihad is centered on boarding school life, whereas Ciranjang 1 focuses on the BIJAK’S program emphasizing discipline, achievement, creativity, and entrepreneurship. Supervision and evaluation at Al-Ittihad are conducted intensively by teachers, dormitory supervisors, and parents, while Ciranjang 1 applies regular teacher meetings, program evaluations, and parental involvement to monitor character development.

The competition among educational institutions demands improvement in service quality as a key marketing strategy. Good service quality not only builds a positive image for the institution, but also encourages student satisfaction and interest. The purpose of this study is to identify a quality-based educational marketing strategy to increase student interest. This study used a qualitative approach, with a case study method. Data collection techniques were conducted through interviews, observation, and documentation analysis. The results of the study found that: 1) An effective Islamic education marketing strategy is rooted in the integration of Islamic values and service quality as the basis for forming a positive image of the institution. 2) MTs Al Hidayah excels with a humanistic approach based on empathy and service flexibility, while MTs Daarul Uluum PUI excels through a structured and institutional quality management system. 3) Visionary leadership, teacher competence, and spiritual value-based communication are key factors in building public trust and loyalty. 4) The main obstacles include a lack of quality systematization, documentation, and digital promotion innovation, which have an impact on the limited reach and professionalism of marketing. Strategic solutions include strengthening data-based quality management, increasing human resource capacity, community partnerships, and optimizing digital communication to create sustainable Islamic education marketing that has da'wah value.

Islamic Religious Education (PAI) plays a crucial role in shaping students’ character and religious values, including moderate attitudes in practicing religion. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Project Based Learning (PBL) in PAI as a means to strengthen moderate character and integrate religious moderation values through student collaborative projects. The research employs a literature review approach, collecting data from various scientific literature, journals, books, theses, and dissertations relevant to the topic. Data analysis is conducted using content analysis and narrative synthesis, applying both deductive and inductive reasoning. The findings indicate that PBL allows students to actively engage in contextual real-life projects, making the understanding of Islamic teachings more applicable and reflective. PBL also promotes the internalization of religious moderation values through collaboration and discussion among students, while reinforcing moderate character by developing social skills, empathy, and inclusive attitudes. Despite challenges such as limited resources and teacher readiness, appropriate implementation strategies can optimize the effectiveness of PBL in PAI. Therefore, PBL functions not only as a learning method but also as a transformative pedagogical strategy that shapes a generation of Muslim students who are knowledgeable, tolerant, and moderate.

This study examines the implementation of education management based on deep learning, which combines an intensive pedagogical approach and spiritual values to increase student enrollment in Christian Junior High Schools (SMP) in Batam. With a strategy emphasizing meaningful learning, intensive interaction, and integration of spiritual values, this research aims to analyze how innovative education management can strengthen the appeal of Christian schools and improve overall education quality. A mixed-methods approach was used, collecting quantitative and qualitative data through surveys, interviews, and observations at 36 Christian SMPs in Batam. The results indicate that the synergy between deep learning-based management, curriculum innovation, and spiritual leadership of school principals significantly contributes to enhancing education quality and student enrollment. This article provides practical recommendations for developing school management based on meaningful and spiritual learning as a model for improving the quality and competitiveness of Christian schools in the global era.