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By exploring international cooperation between Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia in the use of local currency through the Local Currency Settlement (LCS) framework, this research details the deeper context regarding concerns regarding dependence on the US Dollar after the 2016-2017 financial crisis. with an emphasis on the development of the use of local currencies after the Asian crisis of 1997-1998. This research reveals that one of the main criteria for establishing an optimal currency area (OCA) is exchange rate stability. In looking at the research results, a positive evolution of the use of local currencies in post-crisis ASEAN cooperation is illustrated, especially through the LCS initiative involving Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia. Although LCS implementation trends show positivity, further improvement is identified as an urgent need to bring it in line with total trade between countries. Hope lies in the LCS collaboration which is expected to strengthen currency stability, spur economic growth and increase trade activity in the region. Thus, this research provides valuable insight into the urgency of regional cooperation in managing dependence on global currencies, especially the US Dollar.

This research was conducted at Online Shop XYZ, a medical equipment shop that operates online and utilizes technology such as marketplaces and financial applications such as Jubelio. From the research results, it can be concluded that the Jubelio application has an important role for the inventory accounting information system owned by the XYZ online shop. The jubelio application makes it easier for the XYZ online shop warehouse to maintain its stock, the jubelio application can also improve the performance of the warehouse department. The jubelio application also makes it easier for the XYZ online shop which applies the perpetual method to always monitor its merchandise inventory.

This article aims to find out about teacher skills in designing a student worksheet (LKS) at SDN 060909 Medan Denai. The method used by researchers is a qualitative research method using interview and observation data collection techniques for one research subject, namely the class 1 teacher at SDN 060909 Medan Denai. Using interview and observation data collection techniques. The research results show that the teacher's skills in designing a student worksheet are good. It can be seen from the teacher's ability to utilize technology such as using the Canva application to design a worksheet and also using the LKS web on Google as well as the design results which are quite interesting accompanied by animated images that are appropriate for the age of elementary school students. The LKS designed by research subjects is very simple, therefore there are several important components that are not included in the LKS designed, such as the competencies to be achieved and supporting information.

This study's objective is to examine the influence of servant leadership on turnover intention and the impact of organizational affective commitment as a mediator between these two relationship constructs. This investigation employs a quantitative methodology by surveying restaurant employees in Surabaya using questionnaires. Utilizing Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square (SEM PLS), the collected survey data were analyzed. 78 restaurant employees participated in this investigation as respondents. According to the findings of this study, servant leadership and affective organizational commitment have a significant negative effect on turnover intention. In addition, affective organizational commitment can substantially and negatively moderate the relationship between servant leadership and turnover intention. In this research, both theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Social media is not only a means of communication, but also influences the thinking patterns, behavior and social interactions of the younger generation. Thus, a deep understanding of the influence of social media on the character of today's youth is very important in the context of social and cultural development. This journal investigates the impact of social media use on youth character in the contemporary era. This research uses quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the behavior, values, and self-perceptions of young people who are influenced by their interactions on social media platforms. The results show that intense exposure to social media can influence character formation, both positively and negatively. The psychological and social implications of social media use in today's youth are the main focus in this journal, providing in-depth insight into the role of social media in shaping the identity and character of the younger generation.

The legal profession is one of the professions that requires its members to fulfill moral values. The main criterion for being an organizer of the legal profession in upholding the law lies in the independence of professional organizers and the strength of moral integrity in facing various problems under their responsibility. To be a good organizer of the legal profession in carrying out its professional duties in upholding the law requires practitioners who have qualifications of attitude, humanitarian attitude, attitude of justice, able to see and place objective values in a case handled, honest attitude, and have technical skills and ethical maturity. the code of ethics of the legal profession actually functions as an ethical controller for those who carry out the legal profession. According to the ethics of the legal profession, legal professionals are expected to possess certain critical individual abilities. The judge, as the main element of the judiciary, places his profession as the representative of God, because the judge's task is to determine law and justice in society, so the responsibility he carries is very heavy but noble. Therefore, with such great power given to the judicial profession, judges are required to have a balanced attitude, full of responsibility to their conscience and ethical values toward their profession. However, when we look at the current reality, there are many problems that arise. There are many cases of judges violating the code of ethics.

This journal discusses cognitive development during early childhood. The aim of writing the journal is to find out how cognitive development occurs during early childhood, the advantages of cognitive development during early childhood, as well as language abilities and other cognitive abilities. The method used is literature study, namely by searching for materials and references from books, journals and articles. The results show that the early childhood period is called preoperational, this period starts from the age of 2 to 7 years. Preoperational uses symbols, categorization, and numbers. Other cognitive abilities are life, death, bodily functions, space, weight, numbers, time, social impressions, beauty and cuteness.

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the internal control system for the sale of merchandise at Jazzy Souvenir Store. The approach used is a qualitative descriptive method with the application of data analysis techniques using triangulation. Data collection is carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The analysis results indicate that the internal control system for the sale of merchandise at Jazzy Souvenir Store is not yet optimal, as evidenced by the lack of adequate organizational structure and the existence of dual functions in the execution of tasks and responsibilities. Additionally, negligence in inventory recording by store employees leads to discrepancies between the physical inventory of merchandise and the recorded inventory in the system.

The aim of this research is to find out how this curriculum is implemented, in Indonesian language lessons in class VII MTs Negeri 3 Subang, how the independent curriculum is implemented. This research was conducted qualitatively and data was collected through observation, interviews and questionnaires. The research results show that the Project Based Learning (PBL) approach, formative evaluation and literacy improvement for students, are all used to adopt the independent curriculum. The implementation of this curriculum has resulted in increased student independence and the development of soft skills. Overall, the Merdeka Curriculum at MTs Negeri 3 Subang supports student independence, facilitates critical learning, and develops Pancasila character. The obstacles faced require further attention to increase the effectiveness of curriculum implementation, although there are obstacles related to the availability of books and teacher understanding. The effectiveness of the curriculum is assessed through student self-evaluation and teacher observation. Limited resources and teachers' understanding of the curriculum are some of the obstacles. This research provides insight into the difficulties and opportunities of an independent curriculum to improve the quality of education at the secondary level.

Abstract. Implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum with a focus on the Project for Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile (P5) has become a major concern in the world of education since 2022. This research aims to understand the implementation of P5 in the UNP Laboratory Development Kindergarten, focusing on the topics of implementation, objectives, benefits, advantages, and evaluation. The research method involves collecting data through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The research results show that the implementation of P5 in the UNP Laboratory Development Kindergarten has had a positive impact in increasing understanding of the values ​​of Pancasila, introducing local culture, and forming character and environmental awareness in kindergarten children. Evaluation of P5 activities is carried out through learning management and involving active participation from the surrounding community. In conclusion, the implementation of P5 in the UNP Laboratory Development Kindergarten makes a positive contribution to improving the quality of learning, building student character, and community participation and empowerment. The suggestion proposed is the need for cooperation between teachers, P5 coordinators, and parents of students to better adapt the P5 program.

Postpartum discomfort is a nursing problem that is often experienced by mothers in the postpartum period. One of them is caused by breast enggorgement. The symptoms experienced are pain and the mother's breasts harden making it difficult to breastfeed. Breast care intervention for problems of postpartum discomfort ‘caused by breast enggorgement. A case study that aims to describe the application of breast care to clients with nursing problems of postpartum discomfort with breast enggorgement. The number of respondents in this case study research amounted to 2 mothers post second day sectio caesaria surgery. Breast swelling assessment using the Six Point Self-rated Engorgement Scale (SPES) with a score of 1-6. In addition, breast care interventions used standard operating procedures and action observation forms. The results of the case study showed that both patients who performed breast care experienced a decrease in the ix Point Self-rated Engorgement Scale (SPES) score from 4 to 3, with breast criteria still enggogerment but pain level was reduced. Breast milk (ASI) becomes smooth and breastfeeding the baby becomes easier. The implementation of breast care can reduce pain and swelling in the breast.for mother wirh discomfort after birth.

Patient An MM was brought by his parents to the Tanah Pasir Community Health Center Children's Polyclinic with complaints of itching on both hands for the last 3 weeks. The initial complaint was that it felt like itching accompanied by the appearance of reddish spots, and over time, pimples appeared between the fingers. Complaints felt worse in the last week until the patient felt itchy all day and complaints of itching felt worse at night until the patient had difficulty getting to sleep because he kept scratching the part of the body that felt itchy. Based on the anamnesis of complaints obtained after contact with the patient's older brother who experienced similar complaints. A physical examination was carried out and the examination results were within normal limits. Primary data was obtained through anamnesis and physical examination by conducting home visits, filling in family folders, and filling in patient files. The assessment is carried out based on a holistic diagnosis at the beginning, process and end of the visit quantitatively and qualitatively. The interventions carried out include education about the causes of scabies in the family, education on environmental sanitation and cleanliness and management of the disease as well as explaining complications that may arise from the patient's disease so that the patient's family maintains better personal hygiene and environmental cleanliness.  

This research seeks to assess PT. BNI (Persero) Tbk's performance through the utilization of the balanced scorecard approach, encompassing financial, customer, internal processes, and learning/growth perspectives. The study, employing a descriptive method, focuses on PT. BNI (Persero) as the sample population, utilizing documentation techniques for data collection. Results indicate favorable financial indicators (ROA, ROE, NPM, BOPO, LDR), subpar customer metrics (customer acquisition, retention), excellent internal business processes (AETR, NGR), and positive learning/growth aspects (employee productivity, ETTE).

This research aims to analyze toddler literacy programs in rural areas and evaluate their effectiveness in improving the literacy skills of early childhood. The research methods used include interviews with parents, observations of children, and analysis of existing literacy programs. The research results show that there are several challenges faced in strengthening toddler literacy in rural areas, including limited access, lack of resources, and lack of parental awareness about the importance of early childhood literacy. To overcome this challenge, collaborative efforts are needed between the government, educational institutions and local communities. Toddler literacy programs should be designed to take into account the rural context and available resources. Apart from that, it is necessary to provide outreach to parents and the community about the benefits of toddler literacy and how they can support it. The results of this research can be a guide for developing literacy programs for toddlers in rural areas, so that children in rural areas have equal opportunities to develop their literacy skills from an early age.

The learning model is a form of learning that is depicted from start to finish which is presented typically by the teacher. In other words, a learning model is a wrapper or frame for the application of a learning approach, method and technique. This writing uses the library research method, where the library research method is a method carried out using literature in the form of books, notes or reports of research results from previous research. The author has made observations at SD IT Al Hijrah and conducted an interview with one of the teachers in order to obtain valid information. Planning can also be defined as a way to anticipate and balance change. According to Uno, this definition assumes that change always occurs. Environmental changes must always be anticipated so that changes are balanced with changes in learning in schools or madrasas. Thus, planning has three meanings. First, planning is an effort to find a future form and an effort to achieve it. Second, planning means efforts to eliminate the gap between the present situation and the future. Third, planning is an effort to change conditions so that they are in line with changing environmental conditions.

Evaluation of learning is very important to know whether or not a learning system is implemented by educators. Because if an educator does not conduct an evaluation, there is no development in designing a learning system. Educators must create new Innovations to update learning systems that will be implemented in the classroom, ranging from materials, methods, media, learning resources, environments and assessment systems. In designing learning evaluations, educators should also pay attention to the basic principles of evaluation and the requirements that should be considered. The requirements are that the evaluation must actually use the right measuring instrument (Valid) according to its purpose, the test tool must be trusted (Reliabel) or produce the same results (Consistent), and the condition of the evaluation of the latter that is the evaluation must be practical or easy to use does not make it difficult for educators or learners

The learning model is a form of learning that is depicted from start to finish which is presented typically by the teacher. In other words, a learning model is a wrapper or frame for the application of a learning approach, method and technique. This writing uses the library research method, where the library research method is a method carried out using literature in the form of books, notes or reports of research results from previous research. The author has made observations at SD IT Al Hijrah and conducted an interview with one of the teachers in order to obtain valid information. Planning can also be defined as a way to anticipate and balance change. According to Uno, this definition assumes that change always occurs. Environmental changes must always be anticipated so that changes are balanced with changes in learning in schools or madrasas. Thus, planning has three meanings. First, planning is an effort to find a future form and an effort to achieve it. Second, planning means efforts to eliminate the gap between the present situation and the future. Third, planning is an effort to change conditions so that they are in line with changing environmental conditions.

Cultural literacy is the ability to understand and behave towards Indonesian culture as a national identity. Implementing it certainly requires proper planning and programs. In one of the elementary schools in the Cianjur area, a program was created which could be one way of implementing cultural literacy, especially at the elementary school level. This article uses a descriptive research method that uses a qualitative approach and the techniques used are literature studies and observations (interviews).

Evaluation of learning is very important to know whether or not a learning system is implemented by educators. Because if an educator does not conduct an evaluation, there is no development in designing a learning system. Educators must create new Innovations to update learning systems that will be implemented in the classroom, ranging from materials, methods, media, learning resources, environments and assessment systems. In designing learning evaluations, educators should also pay attention to the basic principles of evaluation and the requirements that should be considered. The requirements are that the evaluation must actually use the right measuring instrument (Valid) according to its purpose, the test tool must be trusted (Reliabel) or produce the same results (Consistent), and the condition of the evaluation of the latter that is the evaluation must be practical or easy to use does not make it difficult for educators or learners

It’s very important for students to be able to understand the basic concepts of chemistry and how they relate to one concept to another. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and examine the  nderstanding of grade XI MA Al Rohmah students in Tasikmalaya for understanding the concept of electrolyte and non electrolyte solutions. Descriptive research methodology with a quantitative approach is used. The study involved 22 students who were taken as samples by researchers. Data collection was conducted through an online questionnaire-based test consisting of 7 multiple-choice questions with Yes/No options. The results showed that 18 students (81.81%) had the ability to understand the concept of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions very well. But there are still 4 students (18.19%) who still do not understand the basic concepts of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution materials. This shows that a more interactive and in-depth learning approach is needed to increase students' understanding of electrolyte and non electrolyte solution materials which include phases and chemical bonds in a compound that can affect its electrolyte properties, lamp flame tests on electrolyte and non electrolyte compounds, and the ionization process of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions to strengthen the basic concepts of student chemistry.