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The Primaku application was introduced and launched by the Indonesian Pediatric Association to facilitate early and continuous monitoring of children's growth and development. However, there are still many people who do not understand how to use this technology-based Primaku application. The purpose of this activity is to increase the knowledge and skills of the community, especially Posyandu cadres and mothers of toddlers, in monitoring the growth and development of infants and young children to prevent stunting. The problem-solving method is carried out by providing training on how to use the Primaku application and demonstrating how to assess children's growth and development using the Primaku application. Based on the results of the activity, it shows that the participants have good knowledge in understanding and using the Primaku application as a tool to monitor children's growth and development. with this activity, Posyandu cadres and mothers toddler can continue to update the latest information on children's growth and development.

Education plays a strategic role as a tool for social transformation capable of shaping individual character, addressing social inequality, and driving societal change. In the Indonesian context, character education has become a central issue in building a generation that is faithful, pious, morally upright, and responsible in accordance with the values of Pancasila. Through a holistic approach, character education integrates spiritual, intellectual, emotional, and social aspects to create quality individuals. Furthermore, learning methods that involve role modeling, habituation, and community participation emphasize the importance of collaboration between schools, families, and communities. As an agent of change, education also aims to create a knowledge-based society where science, innovation, and problem-solving serve as key pillars. Through lifelong learning, problem-based learning, and collaborative approaches, education provides space for the development of human potential relevant to global challenges. However, challenges such as educational disparities, curriculum relevance, and teacher capacity remain obstacles that need to be addressed through inclusive policies, continuous training, and improvements in educational infrastructure. By adopting an integrated approach, education can serve as a solid foundation for building a just, inclusive, and adaptive society in response to social changes.

This research aims to see whether group guidance using problem solving techniques can improve students' learning skills at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 3 Medan. This research uses quantitative methods with a quasi-experimental approach, non-equivalent control group design. In this design, both groups (experimental and control) underwent an initial test (pre-test) and a final test (post-test), but only the experimental group was given treatment, while the control group was not given treatment. The research population consisted of students in class X-1 (30 students) and X-2 (30 students). The sample was selected using a purposive sampling method, with a total of 16 students who had low learning skills, namely 8 students from the experimental group (class X-2) and 8 students from the control group (class X-1). The research instrument is a learning skills questionnaire with 26 statements whose validity and reliability have been tested. Data were analyzed using the T-test. The T-test results showed that the experimental group experienced an increase in learning skills, with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. This means that problem solving techniques are effective in improving students' learning skills. In contrast, the control group did not show a significant increase in learning skills, with a significance value of 0.022 > 0.05. The results of the independent sample t-test show a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000 <0.05, which means there are differences in students' learning skills before and after being given services in the experimental group.

This study aims to describe the visual thinking of high school students in understanding three-dimensional problems. This research is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Two students with medium and high mathematical skills of the female gender were selected as research subjects. Data was collected by giving three-dimensional problem-solving tasks according to Polya's steps and interviews. Students' visual thinking is described based on seeing, recognizing, imagining, and showing. The results of the study show that at the comprehension stage, students with medium and high mathematical skills do looking and seeing, recognizing and imagining at the planning stage, and showing the steps to implement the problem-solving plan appropriately but in a different way, students with medium ability use more concise steps and vice versa for high-ability students; At the re-examination stage, the two subjects showed (showing) the conclusion of the solution solution, but did not show (showing) re-checking.

Task scheduling in cloud computing environments is a crucial aspect in optimizing resource allocation and improving system efficiency. This research aims to analyze trends in task scheduling algorithms in cloud computing using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach on various scientific publications published between 2018 and 2025. The results of the study show that Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), and Genetic Algorithm (GA) algorithms are the most commonly used methods in solving task scheduling problems. PSO stands out as an effective algorithm due to its ability to find global optimal solutions, handle non-linear and multimodal problems, and its efficiency in managing computational resources. Additionally, various studies have shown that optimization of scheduling algorithms can be achieved through a combination or modification of existing methods to improve system performance. This study provides in-depth insights into the development of scheduling algorithms in cloud computing and opens up opportunities for further research in developing more innovative and adaptive approaches.

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of using the Quiz application as an interactive learning medium to enhance cooperation, creativity, and critical thinking skills among fourth-grade elementary school students (SD/MI). The Classroom Action Research (CAR) method was employed to analyze the impact of digital quiz-based learning on students. The study was conducted over two cycles, which included planning, action, observation, and reflection. The results indicated that the use of the Quiz application could improve student cooperation through interaction and group collaboration, foster creativity through innovative problem-solving, and enhance critical thinking skills through analysis and evaluation of issues. Improvement was reflected in the average achievement scores for indicators of cooperation, creativity, and critical thinking, which reached 85%, 82%, and 80% respectively in the second cycle. This research concludes that the Quiz application, as an interactive learning medium, can create a dynamic, enjoyable, and meaningful learning atmosphere, and is relevant to the needs of today's digital generation.

Indonesia is known for its diversity of culture, ethnicity, religion and customs. One of the noble values ​​contained in Indonesian culture is the spirit of mutual cooperation. Mutual cooperation is a form of cooperation between individuals or groups in solving work or problems together, regardless of social status, background or personal interests. In the history of the Indonesian nation, this spirit has proven to be a solid foundation in building social solidarity, strengthening unity, and supporting the sustainability of social life. However, along with the times and rapid advances in technology, the value of mutual cooperation has begun to be replaced by the values ​​of more individualism. emphasizes personal interests and individual achievements. The modern era, with all the dynamics and influence of globalization, has caused many people to focus more on personal success without considering collective interests. This aims to re-explore the spirit of mutual cooperation in the modern era with an approach that is relevant to current developments, as well as finding ways to restore the value of togetherness which is increasingly being eroded by individualism.

This research aims to identify challenges and solutions in implementing discussion learning methods in Indonesian language subjects. Through a literature review, it was found that the main challenges lie in low student participation, teachers' lack of ability to manage discussions, and limited time and resources. Apart from that, the heterogeneity of students' abilities is also an obstacle. To overcome these challenges, this research presents several solutions, including: creating a conducive learning environment, providing space for exploration for students, improving teacher skills, motivating students, and improving classroom management. By implementing these solutions in an integrated manner, it is hoped that discussion learning can become more effective and achieve the desired learning goals. This research concludes that the successful implementation of the discussion method is very dependent on the joint efforts of various parties, including teachers, students and schools. Thus, discussion learning can be an effective means for developing students' language, critical thinking and collaboration skills. 

This research aims to identify challenges and solutions in implementing discussion learning methods in Indonesian language subjects. Through a literature review, it was found that the main challenges lie in low student participation, teachers' lack of ability to manage discussions, and limited time and resources. Apart from that, the heterogeneity of students' abilities is also an obstacle. To overcome these challenges, this research presents several solutions, including: creating a conducive learning environment, providing space for exploration for students, improving teacher skills, motivating students, and improving classroom management. By implementing these solutions in an integrated manner, it is hoped that discussion learning can become more effective and achieve the desired learning goals. This research concludes that the successful implementation of the discussion method is very dependent on the joint efforts of various parties, including teachers, students and schools. Thus, discussion learning can be an effective means for developing students' language, critical thinking and collaboration skills. 

This study explains about transportation methods which are part of operations research and involve minimizing costs from source to destination. Solving transportation problems in this case uses an applied method approach. The application integrated into field research is that researchers are directly in the company environment to collect data that will be applied in this study. The purpose of this study is to determine the results of product distribution calculations. The results of this study are that the most expensive product distribution calculation is at 500,000. Meanwhile, the results of the most expensive product distribution calculation are at 100,000. Cost optimization has an impact on the level of cost efficiency incurred by UD Manunggal Jaya.

This research aims to explore the effectiveness of inquiry learning strategies in Social Sciences (IPS) learning at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) and Elementary School (SD) levels. The method used in this research is a literature study, which collects and analyzes various references from articles, books and journals that discuss the application and results of using inquiry strategies in educational contexts. The results of the analysis show that inquiry learning strategies can increase students' active involvement, improve understanding of social studies concepts, and develop critical thinking and problem solving skills. However, the effectiveness of this strategy is greatly influenced by factors such as the teacher's skills in managing the class, students' readiness for independent learning, and facilities that support the implementation of learning. In addition, challenges that arise in its implementation include limited time available in the curriculum and a lack of resources that support optimal use of inquiry strategies. However, overall, this research concludes that inquiry learning strategies can improve the quality of social studies learning, and to achieve optimal results, it is necessary.  

Clinical approach or clinical supervision assumes that the teacher's learning process to develop is always related to the teacher's own individual learning process. The clinical approach is a face-to-face process between the supervisor and the teacher. This meeting discusses teaching problems and those related to it. Therefore, in clinical supervision, the supervisor and teacher act as colleagues in solving learning problems. For different types of teachers, the supervisor must also distinguish the types of clinical supervision strategies that will be used. The type of professional teacher is suitable for using non-directive strategies, the type of critical teacher and busy teacher can use collaborative strategies. Meanwhile, for teachers who are not qualified, supervisors are expected to be more active in guiding and teaching these teachers, so that the right strategy is direct clinical supervision.  

This study aims to analyze the development of the Bukit Lawang tourism area. The research employs descriptive and qualitative data analysis, focusing on a problem-solving approach that is based on descriptions rather than numerical data. The purpose of using a qualitative research method is to facilitate a better understanding of information from the sources used as data, providing an effective comprehension of the ecotourism development strategy being studied. The qualitative analysis involves data collection through interviews, observations, documentation, and other methods. The research findings indicate that income from the development of the Bukit Lawang tourism sector has not significantly impacted the local revenue (PAD) of Langkat Regency as a whole. This is because Bukit Lawang tourism has not been fully implemented and managed effectively by the government. Tourism and conservation activities in Bukit Lawang have yet to be supported by proper tourism area planning, which is essential for sustainable tourism. The land division by the government is currently limited to conservation areas, plantations, and community-owned lands. Sustainable tourism land use planning would make Bukit Lawang a more responsive area. Achieving a sustainable tourism area in Bukit Lawang requires the involvement of both the government and local communities.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami  peran  wali  kelas  dalam  peningkatan  kedisiplinan  peserta  didik di MTs Yasrib Batu-Batu Soppeng. Metodologi yang digunakan yakni penelitian kualitatif berbasis  Field  Research dengan menggunakan pendekatan pedagogik, fenomenologi, dan sosiologi dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Peran  wali  kelas  dalam  peningkatan  kedisiplinan  peserta  didik  adalah  sebagai  fasilitator  berupa  mengayomi  peserta  didik  dan  memberikan  kenyamanan  kepada  peserta  didik  selama  proses  pembelajaran,  sebagai  motivator  berupa  memotivasi  peserta  didik  dalam  mengikuti  proses  pembelajaran,  memotivasi  peserta  didik  dalam  berdisiplin  berpakaian,  memotivasi  peserta  didik  untuk  memanfaatkan  waktu  belajar,  memberi  dorongan  kepada  peserta  didik  untuk  memanfaatkan  waktu  luang,  dan  memberi  motivasi  kepada  peserta  didik  untuk  meningkatkan  prestasi  belajar.  Peran  wali  kelas  sebagai  problem  solving  secara  pribadi  ialah  memahami  karakter  masing-masing  peserta  didik,  secara  sosial  ialah  dengan  memahami  kondisi  sosial  peserta  didik,  secara  akademis  ialah  memahami  dan  meningkatkan  kemampuan  akademis  perserta  didik.  

This study investigates how psychomotor domain evaluation contributes to enhancing high-level skills in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Gemolong. Psychomotor evaluation, encompassing physical skills and activities, plays a vital role in helping students understand religious principles theoretically and apply them in daily life. Observation, interviews, and documentation served as the primary tools in this qualitative and descriptive research. The findings reveal that psychomotor evaluation aids students in developing Islamic skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and decision-making. Students also benefit from evaluation methods like observation, practice tests, and simulations. This study is expected to provide practical recommendations for improving the quality of PAI learning and establishing a comprehensive evaluation system. Furthermore, it aims to assist teachers in shaping students with both academic competence and practical skills. 

This study examines the application of network models in daily life using a systematic literature review (SLR) method. Network models are mathematical approaches that aid in solving various optimization problems such as shortest routes, minimum spanning trees, and maximum flows. Findings reveal that the Floyd-Warshall and Dijkstra algorithms are applied for route navigation, Prim's algorithm for distribution efficiency, and the Edmonds-Karp algorithm for optimizing resource flows like water. This research highlights the significance of network models in enhancing operational efficiency, sustainability, and accessibility across various domains such as transportation, logistics, and resource management. With the integration of modern technology, network models hold significant potential for developing innovative solutions in everyday life.

The 21st century is characterized by globalization and technological advances that require students to have critical thinking abilities as part of 21st century skills, such as digital literacy, creative thinking, effective communication, and high productivity. These abilities are important to help students solve problems logically and effectively. For this reason, educators need to create relevant learning scenarios, one of which is through the project-based learning (PjBL) model (Hartini 2017), which is centered on solving problem-based projects. However, students' critical thinking skills in science learning in elementary schools are still not optimal due to the lack of appropriate learning media. This research uses a literature review method using a qualitative approach, explaining that various kinds of digital media inventions, such as educational games, videos, YouTube, PowerPoint, AR/VR, & educational implementation (Ruang Guru, Quipper School, Kelas Pintar), can be effective in improving students' critical thinking skills in science learning.

Students critical thinking skills cannot develop appropriately if in the learning process, the teacher is not active. Therefore, to improve students' critical thinking skills, a teacher should choose and use strategies, approaches, and methods techniques that involve students actively in learning, both in manner mental, physical, and social. One alternative learning that provides opportunities for students to develop students' critical thinking skills in problem solving is problem-based learning. This research was a research study literature examining related journal application of problem-based learning to improve critical thinking skills. The findings of this study included: (1) the implementation of PBL has the potential to help students motivate and provide learning experiences; and (2) PBL implementation is very useful in improving students' critical thinking skills, provided that teachers and students can apply each stage of PBL well.

Students critical thinking skills cannot develop appropriately if in the learning process, the teacher is not active. Therefore, to improve students' critical thinking skills, a teacher should choose and use strategies, approaches, and methods techniques that involve students actively in learning, both in manner mental, physical, and social. One alternative learning that provides opportunities for students to develop students' critical thinking skills in problem solving is problem-based learning. This research was a research study literature examining related journal application of problem-based learning to improve critical thinking skills. The findings of this study included: (1) the implementation of PBL has the potential to help students motivate and provide learning experiences; and (2) PBL implementation is very useful in improving students' critical thinking skills, provided that teachers and students can apply each stage of PBL well.

This study presents a Quantum Machine Learning (QML) architecture for perfectly classifying the Iris flower dataset. The research addresses improving classification accuracy using quantum models in machine-learning tasks. The objective is to demonstrate the effectiveness of QML approaches, specifically the Variational Quantum Circuit (VQC), Quantum Neural Network (QNN), and Quantum Support Vector Machine (QSVM), in achieving high performance on the Iris dataset. The proposed methods result in perfect classification, with all models attaining accuracy, precision, recall, and an F1-score of 1.00. The main finding is that the QML architecture successfully achieves flawless classification, contributing significantly to the field. These results underscore the potential of QML in solving complex classification problems and highlight its promise for future applications across various domains. The study concludes that QML techniques can offer transformative solutions in machine learning tasks, particularly those leveraging VQC, QNN, and QSVM.