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The arrangement of seating patterns in the classroom is one of the learning environment factors that can affect student comfort, concentration, achievement and interaction during the learning process. This study aims to determine how the influence of seating patterns in the classroom on the academic achievement of elementary school students. The method used is qualitative with data collection techniques of observation, interviews and documentation. In the interview stage, an interview was conducted with one of the teachers at SDIT Permata Kita, observation was carried out in a participatory manner, and documentation in the form of student seating patterns in the classroom, recapitulation of student grades and documentation with the teacher. The results showed that seating patterns affect classroom dynamics, student participation, and student-teacher interaction during the learning process.

The arrangement of seating patterns in the classroom is one of the learning environment factors that can affect student comfort, concentration, achievement and interaction during the learning process. This study aims to determine how the influence of seating patterns in the classroom on the academic achievement of elementary school students. The method used is qualitative with data collection techniques of observation, interviews and documentation. In the interview stage, an interview was conducted with one of the teachers at SDIT Permata Kita, observation was carried out in a participatory manner, and documentation in the form of student seating patterns in the classroom, recapitulation of student grades and documentation with the teacher. The results showed that seating patterns affect classroom dynamics, student participation, and student-teacher interaction during the learning process.

Propionibacterium acnes is an anaerobic bacteria that plays an important role in dermatological research, especially in the context of skin diseases such as acne vulgaris. This study aims to optimize the growth conditions of Propionibacterium acnes in sodium media in order to increase the effectiveness of bacterial culture on a laboratory scale. The parameters tested include media pH, sodium concentration, incubation temperature, and incubation time. The research method was carried out systematically and controlled with a completely randomized design using several environmental condition treatments. The results showed that optimal growth of Propionibacterium acnes was achieved in media with a pH of 6.5–7.0, a sodium concentration of 1.5%, an incubation temperature of 37°C, and an incubation time of 72 hours in conditions without oxygen (anaerobic). By knowing the right conditions, Propionibacterium acnes bacteria can grow faster and optimally, so that it can help in dermatological research or product development related to skin health.

This study aims to determine the influence of the school environment on the academic performance of sixth-grade students at SDN Priuk. The school environment includes physical, social, and psychological aspects that are interconnected in shaping students' learning quality. This research employs a qualitative approach through literature review, direct observation, and interviews with teachers, students, and parents. The results indicate that physical factors such as cleanliness, classroom comfort, and learning facilities significantly affect students' concentration and enthusiasm for learning. In addition, a positive social environment—marked by harmonious relationships among students, teachers, and peers—encourages enjoyable learning interactions and supports student motivation. The psychological aspect also plays a crucial role; students who feel emotionally supported and recognized for their achievements tend to have higher intrinsic motivation and better academic performance. This study recommends that schools continuously improve the quality of the learning environment in all three aspects to create a more conducive atmosphere for students’ academic growth and success..

This study aims to examine the role of ice breaking in improving students' learning focus at the beginning of the lesson, especially at the elementary school level. Icebreaking is a learning technique that aims to prepare students mentally and emotionally to receive lessons by creating a cheerful, relaxed, and enjoyable classroom atmosphere. This study investigated various literatures, including scientific journals and educational articles. The results of the study showed that turning ice was proven to be effective in improving students' concentration, enthusiasm, and social interaction. Ice breaking not only makes the atmosphere better, but can also improve student learning outcomes. Therefore, ice breaking can be used as a learning strategy to make elementary schools a good place to learn.

Bioethanol can basically be made with basic ingredients in the form of vegetables which contain high starch and carbohydrates such as taro tubers (Colocasia esculenta [L] Schott). The choice of taro in making ethanol is because taro is classified as a tuber like cassava which has 66.8% starch content and 7.2% water content. The process of making glucose is done through acid hydrolysis (HCl) with variations in acid concentration (12, 14, 16, 18, and 20%) and hydrolysis time (1.5; 2; and 2.5 hours). From the analysis, it can be seen that the result of hydrolysis is liquid sugar (glucose) with the highest level of 27.8%brix.

Trihexyphenidyl (THP) is a type of anticholinergic drug. The anticholinergic side effects of trihexyphenidyl drugs are categorized as peripheral or central. Common peripheral side effects are dry mouth, lack of sweating, decreased bronchial secretions, blurred vision, difficulty urinating, constipation and tachycardia. Central side effects of anticholinergics include impaired concentration, attention and memory. Drug abuse is the use of drugs (e.g., pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, sedatives, etc.) and over-the-counter drugs (e.g., loperamide, promethazine, antitussive cough syrup, etc.) for purposes other than medical for the purpose of pleasure, resulting in dependence, physical damage, psyche and even death. It has recently been revealed that trihexyphenidyl (THP) is one type of drug that is often abused. the prevalence of anticholinergic abuse is 34%, and trihexyphenidyl is the most commonly involved anticholinergic due to its tendency to produce a “high”.

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in Grade XI ATPH 3 of SMK Negeri 1 Purwosari in the subject of Vocational Expertise Concentration on fertilization elements by implementing the cooperative learning model type Teams Games Tournament (TGT) using the interactive media Bamboozle. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. Data were collected through learning outcome tests, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the implementation of the TGT model supported by Bamboozle media improved students’ average scores from 54.55 in the pre-cycle to 72.73 in cycle I and 81.82 in cycle II. The percentage of mastery learning increased from 6% to 39% and then to 82%. The use of TGT combined with Bamboozle was proven effective in enhancing students’ learning outcomes, engagement, and motivation. Thus, this strategy is recommended as an alternative interactive and engaging learning method in vocational subjects at vocational schools.

Elderly individuals often experience physiological and health-related changes, including reduced muscle quality and decreased levels of physical activity. This decline negatively impacts overall health, increases the risk of chronic diseases, and diminishes the ability to perform daily activities. This study aimed to examine the relationship between vitamin D levels and physical activity in older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Bina Bhakti Nursing Home involving 93 participants aged 60 years and above. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), while vitamin D levels were measured through venous blood sampling. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation. The average age of the participants was 74.34 years, with a mean vitamin D level of 23.73 ng/mL. Based on IPAQ results, 26.9% of participants had low physical activity, 44.1% moderate, and 29% high. Spearman correlation revealed a weak but statistically significant positive correlation between vitamin D levels and physical activity (r = 0.240, p = 0.021). These findings suggest that higher physical activity levels are associated with higher vitamin D concentrations. Engaging in outdoor activities that promote sun exposure and an active lifestyle contributes to maintaining adequate vitamin D levels, which are essential for muscle function, balance, and bone health. Therefore, ensuring sufficient vitamin D status is crucial for supporting optimal physical activity and enhancing the overall health and quality of life among the elderly.

This community service project aims to enhance the fine motor skills of children with special needs (CWSN) at SLB C YPALB Perwari Kuningan through a beading-based art therapy approach. The program was conducted using a participatory and enjoyable educational method. A descriptive qualitative method was employed, with data collected through direct observation, informal interviews, and documentation of students' creative outputs. The results showed a significant improvement in hand-eye coordination, concentration, and perseverance among the participants. Children with intellectual disabilities, hearing impairments, autism, and Down syndrome successfully created rings and bracelets, both independently and with guidance. This activity not only contributed to fine motor development but also enhanced social interaction and self-expression. With its inclusive and adaptive approach, beading as a form of art therapy proved effective in supporting the learning process and holistic development of children with special needs in special education settings.

This community service project aims to enhance the fine motor skills of children with special needs (CWSN) at SLB C YPALB Perwari Kuningan through a beading-based art therapy approach. The program was conducted using a participatory and enjoyable educational method. A descriptive qualitative method was employed, with data collected through direct observation, informal interviews, and documentation of students' creative outputs. The results showed a significant improvement in hand-eye coordination, concentration, and perseverance among the participants. Children with intellectual disabilities, hearing impairments, autism, and Down syndrome successfully created rings and bracelets, both independently and with guidance. This activity not only contributed to fine motor development but also enhanced social interaction and self-expression. With its inclusive and adaptive approach, beading as a form of art therapy proved effective in supporting the learning process and holistic development of children with special needs in special education settings.

Bullying in the school environment is an issue that has a significant impact on students' mental health and academic achievement. This study aims to analyze how bullying affects students' academic achievement and the factors that contribute to its impact. Using a descriptive qualitative method based on a literature study, this research found that students who experience bullying tend to experience stress, anxiety and depression, which hinder their concentration, motivation and engagement in the learning process. In addition, an unsafe school environment due to bullying can reduce the quality of social interactions and increase the risk of dropping out of school. To address these issues, prevention strategies involving educators, parents and stricter school policies are needed. Teachers play a role in creating a positive learning environment, while family support helps victims in emotional recovery. In addition, the integration of anti-bullying programs in the curriculum and increasing students' awareness of the impact of bullying are important steps in building a safer school environment that supports academic achievement.

The detection of hazardous gases, such as carbon monoxide (CO), is crucial for ensuring human safety and health, especially in enclosed environments or areas with a high potential for exposure to toxic gases. Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that is extremely dangerous when inhaled in large amounts. Therefore, a CO detection system that can provide early warnings is essential. This research aims to design a carbon monoxide (CO) detector using the MQ-7 sensor, which can detect CO concentrations in the air. The detection system is developed based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology, enabling real-time CO detection data to be transmitted to a cloud platform or user devices via an internet connection. This allows users to monitor CO levels in their environment anytime and anywhere. The system consists of the MQ-7 sensor to detect CO levels, a microcontroller as the controller, and a communication module to send data to the internet. The main advantage of this system is its ability to notify users if CO levels exceed a safe threshold. Thus, this detector can function as a preventive tool against CO exposure accidents. The use of IoT in this system also facilitates remote monitoring, improving the effectiveness and efficiency of managing a safe environment.

Propionibacterium acnes is an anaerobic bacteria that plays an important role in dermatological research, especially in the context of skin diseases such as acne vulgaris. This study aims to optimize the growth conditions of Propionibacterium acnes in sodium media in order to increase the effectiveness of bacterial culture on a laboratory scale. The parameters tested include media pH, sodium concentration, incubation temperature, and incubation time. The research method was carried out systematically and controlled with a completely randomized design using several environmental condition treatments. The results showed that optimal growth of Propionibacterium acnes was achieved in media with a pH of 6.5–7.0, a sodium concentration of 1.5%, an incubation temperature of 37°C, and an incubation time of 72 hours in conditions without oxygen (anaerobic). By knowing the right conditions, Propionibacterium acnes bacteria can grow faster and optimally, so that it can help in dermatological research or product development related to skin health.

This study synthesized novel sulfadiazine-imine derivatives (A1 and A2) using a microwave-assisted method by reacting sulfadiazine with orsellinaldehyde and 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzaldehyde. The synthesis involved the nucleophilic addition of sulfadiazine to the aldehyde groups, forming imine bonds efficiently under microwave irradiation within 15 minutes. The antibacterial efficacy of the synthesized derivatives was tested against Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli using agar well diffusion methods. The derivatives A1 and A2 exhibited significantly improved antibacterial activities compared to sulfadiazine, with A1 showing the highest efficacy. Specifically, inhibition zones for Bacillus subtilis reached 26 mm (A1 at 100 mg/mL) compared to 20 mm for sulfadiazine, and similar trends were observed against E. coli and S. pneumoniae. Furthermore, the cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells revealed that both derivatives demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity. For derivative A1, cell viability decreased to 19% at 320 ppm with an estimated IC50 between 40 and 80 ppm. Derivative A2 showed comparable cytotoxic behavior, with cell viability dropping to 12.6% at the highest concentration tested. The enhanced antibacterial and anticancer properties are attributed to increased lipophilicity and improved cellular penetration conferred by the imine functional group. This research highlights the potential of microwave-assisted derivatization of sulfadiazine to produce compounds with promising therapeutic applications.

Kombucha is one of the processed products of fermented sugar and tea with a starter mixture ofkombucha culture called SCOBY (Symbiotic Cultures of Bacteria and Yeast). Kombuchafermentation is carried out using yeast and bacteria microorganisms. Pomegranate or often calledpomegranate is a fruit that has quite high antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to determinethe characteristics of pomegranate juice kombucha with variations in concentration andfermentation time which have high antioxidant activity. This study used a factorial randomizeddesign with two factors and two repetitions. The factors used were variations in the percentage ofpomegranate juice (30%, 40%, and 50%) and fermentation time (7 days, 9 days, and 11 days). Thebest chemical and organoleptic analysis based on the highest antioxidant activity was 50%pomegranate juice treatment and 9 days of fermentation time with 71,10% antioxidant activity,total phenol 9,04 GAE/L, reducing sugar 2,45%, total acid 1,35%, pH 3,1 , anthocyanin 53.52%,lightness (L*) 44.72 , redness (a*) 5.15, yellowness (b*) 2.57, fruity aroma 2.27, sour taste 2,85, andfor overall preference 3,49 for the treatment of adding 50% pomegranate juice and 9 days offermentation time. Pomegranate extract able to improve activity of antioxidant for kombucha. 

In Indonesia, dry noodles are one of the most widely consumed foods because they are easy to cook. The use of banana flour as a substitute for making noodles is an effort to diversify food in reducing imports of wheat flour. This study dried noodles were made from katuk leaf extract and from the substitution of banana kepok flour with wheat flour. The chemical and organoleptic properties of noodles added with banana kepok flour and katuk leaf extract as natural dyes are the focus of this study. A two-factor factorial Complete Randomized Design (RAL) was used in this study, specifically the ratio of wheat flour to cocoon banana flour (5:95, 10:90, 15:85 g) and the concentration of katuk leaf extract (10/100, 20/100, 30/100 ml). The results showed that katuk leaf dried noodles the ratio of cocoon banana flour and wheat flour 5:95 with katuk leaf extract 30g/100ml contain an ash content of 3.43%; protein content of 14.72%; crude fiber of 11.11%; antioxidant activity of 17.32%; reduced sugar content of 0.24%. The organoleptic test results of dry noodles of katuk leaves compared to banana kepok flour and wheat flour 5:95 with katuk leaf extract 30g/100ml resulted in a stable green color with a score of 2.95 (quite like), aroma 2.52 (strong enough), taste 2.10 (quite like), and overall liking 2.99 (quite like). The highest antioxidant activity parameter was obtained with a ratio of banana kepok flour and wheat flour 15:85 with katuk leaf extract 30g/100ml with a yield of 23.07%. The noodles that the panelists liked the most were the ratio of banana kepok flour and wheat flour 5:95 with katuk leaf extract 30g / 100ml with a result of 2.99 (quite like). Dried noodles made from katuk leaves and banana kepok have high enough antioxidant activity so that they can become nutritious foods that also have beneficial values for body health.

Indonesia is rich in biodiversity, there are around 40,000 species of plants, and they have different uses,such as traditional medicine, can be made into handicrafts, used as decorations, used as natural dyes. Butterflypea flowers have the potential as a natural dye because the anthocyanins contained in their petals emit a bluecolor. The purpose of this study was to determine the anthocyanin content in butterfly pea flowers using themaceration extraction method which is commonly used to determine the best anthocyanin concentration. Thisstudy used a completely randomized factorial design (CRD), namely drying time, (fresh, 1, 2 days) andmaceration temperature (50, 60, 70oC), so that 9 combinations were obtained and each treatment was repeatedtwice. The results of this study indicate that the longer the drying time and the higher the macerationtemperature, the higher the levels of anthocyanin, total phenol, and the darker the color. The researchconducted showed that the best treatment combination was the drying time of 2 days with a macerationtemperature of 70°C to produce butterfly pea flower extract which had antioxidant activity of 54.66%, totalphenol 4.16 KTF (mgGAE/g), anthocyanin 123.48 mg/g, pH 6.03. Color sensory test analysis was 4.5 andwater content of butterfly pea flower was 10.79%. The optimal drying time and maceration temperature willproduce high total phenol and anthocyanin levels. Butterfly pea flowers have high levels of anthocyanins, sothey have the potential to be studied further. 

Pukis is a traditional cake from Indonesia, made of wheat flour, sugar, eggs, yeast and coconut milk. Cowpeas contains high protein and fiber. Nutrition in cowpea can be used to enrich the nutritional value of pukis. The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of cowpea flour and mocaf with different yeast concentrations in pukis which are high in protein, fiber and the most preferred by consumers. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), the first factor was the ratio of cowpea flour and mocaf (50:50, 70:30, 90:10). The second factor was addition of yeast (2.2; 2.4; and 2.6 g). The analysis indicated that the rasio of cowpea flour to mocaf (50:50, 70:30, 90:10) and the proportion of yeast (2.2; 2.4; and 2.6 g) has a significant effect to chemical analysis of protein, fat, carbohydrate, crude fiber and specific volume, also has a significant effect to sensory tests of color, taste, texture and overall sensory tests. The formulation of pukis which is high in protein, fiber and the most preferred by consumers was found in the ratio of cowpea flour and mocaf 90:10 with the addition of 2.2 g yeast. The best quality of Pukis contain protein 9.12%; fiber 12.75%; moisture content 34.88%; ash content 1.42%; fat 11.45%; carbohydrate 43.14% and specific volume 1.10%. Pukis formulation with the highest level of preference by the panelists has a value of 3.63 (neutral). Pukis from cowpea flour and mocaf with different concentrations of yeast has potency to be a source of protein and dietary fiber.

Dry noodles are one type of noodles in Indonesia. Noodles are a type of food that is low in protein and other nutrients, but high in carbohydrates. This is because the main ingredient in making noodles uses various types of flour, one of which is wheat flour. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effect of adding genjer and spinach on the chemical and sensory qualities of dried noodles and to identify the optimal treatment combination in terms of nutritional value, antioxidant activity, and color that consumers like. The method used in this study was a completely randomized factorial design (CRD) in a two-factor variation with two repetitions, namely genjer puree concentrations of 10, 20 & 30% and spinach puree concentrations of 10, 20 & 30%. The results of the study found that the higher the concentration of genjer pulp, the higher the ash, protein, fiber, and total phenol content but not for the antioxidant activity. The addition of spinach puree apart from being a natural colorant can also help increase the fiber, ash, and antioxidant content of the noodles. Noodles had the best results of chemical analysis in the combination treatment of 20% genjer puree and 30% spinach puree with the results of 5.03% water content, 0.90% ash content, 12.12% protein, 9.93% fiber, 73.15% antioxidants, phenol 2.62 mgGAE/g. Dry noodles made from genjer and spinach have the potential to be developed because they have high antioxidant activity.