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30 detik (dosis 991,67 J/m2) atau 50 detik (dosis 1652,79 J/m2) terhadap kerusakan materi genetik. 10 atau 15 menit setelah pembuahan pada suhu 40°C selama 90 detik dengan kejutan panas 90 detik untuk menentukan efisiensi diploidisasi telur sirip perak yang dinilai berdasarkan morfologi atau penampilan larva yang abnormal (atau haploid). silverwood untuk mendapatkan nilai androgen diploid yang ditentukan menggunakan larva morfologi normal (atau diploid) yang mirip dengan kontrol positif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang sangat nyata pada rata-rata kesuburan perlakuan.

According to (Aufa, 2016: 232) Mathematics is one of the subjects taught at every level of education, from early childhood education to higher education. Mathematics is also a science that underlies the development of science and technology, so that mathematics is seen as a structured and integrated science, the study of patterns and relationships, and the science of thinking to understand the world around us. From the explanation of Ansari and Aufa, it can be concluded that mathematics is one of the subjects taught in every education which is useful for helping to clarify and simplify abstract situations through language and mathematical ideas so that it makes it easier to understand problem solving that exists in everyday life.

Based on the 2016-2020 Central Java Disaster Risk Assessment, floods and landslides are the most frequent disasters, with 818 flood cases accounting for 31.33% of the total disasters and landslides accounting for 29.57%. This study aims to cluster disaster-prone areas in Central Java using the K-Means algorithm and the GeoPandas library. Data on disaster events for the period 2019-2023 was obtained from the National Disaster Management Agency, while administrative map data of Central Java was downloaded from the Geoportal of Central Java Province. The research stages include data collection, data cleaning, standardization using the Standard Scaler method, application of the K-Means algorithm for regional clustering, and visualization of results using GeoPandas. The results showed that Central Java was divided into four clusters, namely: cluster 0 (disaster-prone areas) includes 3 regions, cluster 1 (non-disaster-prone areas) has 22 regions, cluster 2 (flood-prone areas) consists of 7 regions, and cluster 3 (landslide-prone areas) has 3 regions. The results of this research provide spatial data-based information that can be used as a basis in decision-making for disaster mitigation in Central Java.

The need for urban communities to consume vegetables is increasing. This has caused people to start cultivating vegetables using hydroponic techniques. However, due to their busy activities, they do not have enough time to monitor and control hydroponics, which must always be in ideal conditions. This paper designs and implements an Internet of Things-based monitoring system to help hydroponic owners monitor their hydroponics anywhere and anytime. The built system requires a monitoring device assembled using a NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller, a pH detection detector sensor, and a DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor. This system uses the Mamdani Fuzzy Logic algorithm to determine warnings to be displayed on the application interface when the water pH, temperature, and humidity are in certain conditions. The Mamdani Fuzzy Logic algorithm can interpret environmental data into a warning that humans can easily understand, even if they lack technical expertise. In addition to being able to help monitor, this system also allows owners to find out what elements need to be added or changed for their hydroponic place. Our evaluation results show that the defuzzification stage in the application has high accuracy, which is 99.92%, compared to Matlab’s results.

Alcohol (ethanol) is often used in food as a mixture to improve flavor or durability, but alcohol consumption can have adverse health effects and trigger psychoactive effects. This research aims to design a tool to detect alcohol content in food using Internet of Things (IoT) technology. This device is designed to be portable, uses MQ-3 gas sensor to detect alcohol content, and is equipped with a Web Server-based data storage system. In addition to alcohol content, this tool is also able to detect the humidity of food samples. The detection results are displayed in real-time through a digital interface, so users can easily access and analyze the data. With this system, it is expected that the public can more easily ensure the safety and halalness of the food consumed. The tool function test obtained the results of the tool working properly, then the tool suitability test using 95% and 70% pure alcohol, obtained results of 90% for 95% alcohol and 72% for 70% alcohol. and finally the suitability test using three food samples, with the results of 40% (food containing alcohol), 6% (food containing hidden alcohol), and 0% (food free of alcohol content).

Masalah kesehatan internasional adalah hipertensi, penyebab utama gagal ginjal, stroke, dan penyakit jantung. Diperkirakan 34,1% orang di Indonesia menderita hipertensi, dan sebagian besar dari mereka tidak mendapatkan pengobatan. Meskipun Puskesmas Welahan 1 menangani hipertensi, pasien sering mengalami kesulitan mengontrol tekanan darah mereka karena berbagai macam obat yang tersedia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa efektif terapi monoterapi dan kombinasi untuk mencapai target tekanan darah pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Welahan 1 dan bagaimana berbagai obat mempengaruhi kontrol tekanan darah. Data dari 60 pasien hipertensi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dianalisis selama tiga bulan menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional. Digunakan statistik inferensial dan deskriptif, seperti uji chi-square. Tidak ada korelasi signifikan antara kontrol tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik dan jenis terapi obat (p > 0,05). Namun, pasien yang menerima amlodipine atau amlodipine + captopril lebih mampu mengontrol tekanan darah mereka, dengan rasio kemungkinan 0,857 untuk tekanan sistolik dan 6,429 untuk tekanan diastolik, masing-masing.  Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terapi kombinasi mungkin membantu mengontrol tekanan darah diastolik, meskipun jenis obat tidak mempengaruhi tekanan darah secara langsung

This research focuses on discussing the Analysis of the Negative Impact of Using Gadgets in the Social and Emotional Development of Class IV Students at XV State Elementary School, Sungai Bengkal Village, Tebo Regency. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The data collection techniques in this research are observation, interviews and documentation. Related to the data analysis techniques that researchers use, namely data editing, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The aim of this research is to determine the negative impact of using gadgets on the social and emotional development of students at the XV Elementary School in Sungai Bengkal Village, Tebo Regency. The results of this research show that the negative impacts of gadget use on students at State Elementary School XV, Sungai Bengkal Village, Tebo Regency include social and emotional development disorders. Students show decreased ability for face-to-face social interaction, difficulty managing emotions, and increased stress levels. Uncontrolled online content is also a risk factor. Therefore, comprehensive intervention and collaboration between schools, parents and students is needed to overcome this problem.

This research is based on students' low interest in learning in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subjects, which can be seen from the large number of students who obtain scores below the Learning Goal Achievement Criteria (KKTP). The focus of this research is to increase students' interest in learning through the application of the Course Review Horay (CRH) learning model in the material "Style Around Us", as well as analyzing changes in students' learning interest after using this model. The aim of this research is to describe the implementation of the Course Review Horay (CRH) learning model in science learning and identify the increase in students' interest in learning after its implementation. The method used was Classroom Action Research (PTK) using the Kemmis & McTaggart model, which was carried out in two cycles with four meetings. The subjects of this research were 23 class IVB students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ziyadatul Iman. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, documentation and questionnaires. The research results show an increase in students' interest in learning in each cycle. The percentage of filling out the questionnaire in the pre-cycle was 2, increased to 3.1 in cycle I, and reached an average of 4.04 in cycle II with an increase of 0.6. Based on these results, the application of the Course Review Horay (CRH) learning model has been proven to increase students' interest in learning in science subjects. Therefore, it is hoped that this model can be applied in learning science and other subjects.

This research examines the financial performance of PT Astra International Tbk during the period 2020-2023 through comprehensive profitability ratio analysis. The study employs multiple financial metrics including Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Gross Profit Margin (GPM), and Operating Profit Margin (OPM) to evaluate the company's operational efficiency and profitability. Through quantitative analysis with a descriptive approach, this study reveals that PT Astra International demonstrated resilient financial performance despite challenging market conditions. The findings indicate average ROA of 8.05%, suggesting moderate asset utilization efficiency. The company maintained a healthy ROE averaging 13.92%, though below industry benchmarks, while achieving a stable GPM of 22.6% and OPM of 15.06%, reflecting effective cost management and operational efficiency. These results provide valuable insights for stakeholders and contribute to understanding the automotive sector's financial dynamics in Indonesia.

This research aims to analyze the evidentiary strength of descente in disputes over the division of joint property based on a study of decision number 4757/Pdt.G/2022/PA.Tgrs, as well as examining the judge's considerations in granting a lawsuit based on a study of decision number 4757/Pdt.G/2022/PA.Tgrs. This research uses a normative approach with a case study method. The results of the research show that the strength of descente is independent (vrij bewijsleer), but not binding (dwingend bewijsleer). This means that the results of the descente do not absolutely determine the judge's decision, the judge's decision is still based on a free assessment of all evidence relevant to the case. The judge's considerations in this case stipulate that joint property must be divided fairly, namely that each party is entitled to half of the joint property, as regulated in Article 37 of Law Number 1 of 1974 and Article 97 of the Compilation of Islamic Law. The judge's considerations also show that the principles of justice and legal certainty are a priority, with reference to legal provisions governing the fair distribution of joint property. The decision taken accommodates the interests of both parties, and confirms that the absence of one party in the trial does not prevent decision-making based on the available evidence.

The researcher found issues in teaching writing skill to students in the eighth semester of Islamic Education School Selaras Air, Agam. Teachers still explain the subject using the traditional teaching model, students have low motivation such as low desire to learn the Arabic language, low activity in following the teaching process, low enthusiasm in teaching the Arabic language, low effort in doing tasks independently, and students' laziness in following the teaching process. The researcher uses a quantitative research with a quantitative empirical research type. The research population is 47 students, and the sample size is 47 students. The researcher uses Purposive Sampling. The method of data analysis is statistical analysis using the SPSS program.  The results of the research are that there is an effect of using the Student Team Achievement Division model in teaching students' writing skills, and the effect size is about 64.53%. The mean score of the posttest in the experimental class was 84.06 and in the control class was 71.33. The researcher found that the significant result or Sig. (2-tailed) in the hypothesis test is 0.002, which is smaller than 0.005. Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected (Ho) and the alternative hypothesis is accepted (Ha). This indicates that there is a mean difference between the experimental and control classes in teaching the skill of writing.

Adolescence is a crucial stage in a person's life that is characterized by various changes. This period is characterized by high curiosity about various things, including promiscuity and drug abuse issues. This research is intended to overcome a number of challenges in increasing public awareness and knowledge, especially among adolescents, about the dangers of promiscuity and drug abuse at SMA Negeri 8 South Tangerang. This research design used the Quasi Experiment method with the One Group Pre Test-Post Test design. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 8 South Tangerang in October 2024. The sampling technique applied was non-probability sampling technique and the sample used consisted of 32 students from SMA Negeri 8 South Tangerang. It can be seen that the average value of the difference in knowledge before and after the provision of health education is 24.53, with a standard deviation of 12.139, and obtained a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000. It can be concluded that, overall, the activities of providing education through health counseling for students of SMA Negeri 8 South Tangerang regarding the dangers of promiscuity and drugs show positive results. Keywords: Adolescents, Drugs, Education, Promiscuity.

Adolescence is a crucial stage in a person's life that is characterized by various changes. This period is characterized by high curiosity about various things, including promiscuity and drug abuse issues. This research is intended to overcome a number of challenges in increasing public awareness and knowledge, especially among adolescents, about the dangers of promiscuity and drug abuse at SMA Negeri 8 South Tangerang. This research design used the Quasi Experiment method with the One Group Pre Test-Post Test design. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 8 South Tangerang in October 2024. The sampling technique applied was non-probability sampling technique and the sample used consisted of 32 students from SMA Negeri 8 South Tangerang. It can be seen that the average value of the difference in knowledge before and after the provision of health education is 24.53, with a standard deviation of 12.139, and obtained a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000. It can be concluded that, overall, the activities of providing education through health counseling for students of SMA Negeri 8 South Tangerang regarding the dangers of promiscuity and drugs show positive results. Keywords: Adolescents, Drugs, Education, Promiscuity.

This study aims to analyze the effect of organizational commitment and caring behavior on nurse performance, with extrinsic reward as a mediating variable at Seto Hasbadi Hospital. The background of this study is based on the importance of nurse performance in supporting the effectiveness of hospital operations, as well as the effect of commitment and caring behavior on improving performance. The research method used is quantitative analysis with a cross-sectional research design. The number of samples was 140 nurses, selected using the Hair formula. The variables studied include organizational commitment, caring behavior, extrinsic reward, and nurse performance. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire measured with a 4-point Likert scale. The analysis tool used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the SEM-AMOS application. The results showed that organizational commitment and caring behavior had a significant effect on nurse performance, both directly and indirectly through extrinsic reward. Extrinsic reward has a greater influence than organizational commitment and caring behavior, extrinsic reward is proven to mediate the relationship between the two independent variables with nurse performance. This study provides important implications for hospital management to focus on developing organizational commitment, nurse caring, extrinsic rewards to improve nurse performance.

To become a leader, a person must study and train themselves to have the character, abilities or qualities that a leader should have. Students in general are also administrators of intra-school organizations (OSIS) who are one of the seeds of future leaders and have an obligation to drive behavioral changes in their respective schools so that they become better. As a form of concern in building a leadership model that has integrity, Akbara Surakarta Polytechnic conducts leadership training and coaching for OSIS administrators and students at SMK Empat Lima. The methods used in this training are lecture activities, question and answer sessions, case study discussions, by explaining the basic concepts of visionary leadership, participatory leadership styles, leadership in organizational change and how to make decisions correctly, prepare accountability reports for activities. After this training, it is hoped that OSIS administrators and students will have and demonstrate leadership behavior skills that are ready to face challenges and can inspire students in their respective school and community environments.

This study aims to find out the Implementation of Transformational Leadership of School Principals in Improving Teacher Motivation and Performance at SMA Negeri 11 Palembang City. The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 11 Palembang City in November 2024, the research method used is descriptive qualitative research, namely by conducting interviews and observations on research objects for teachers and education staff. The results of the study stated that the transformational leadership applied succeeded in increasing the motivation and performance of teachers and education staff at SMA Negeri 11 Palembang.

This study aims to analyze the influence of the principal's academic supervision and teachers' professional competence on the quality of learning at South Pemulutan Elementary School. This study uses a quantitative method with a correlational approach. Data was obtained through questionnaires distributed to teachers, as well as observations and interviews to deepen the analysis. The results of the study show that the academic supervision of school principals has a positive and significant influence on the quality of learning. In addition, the professional competence of teachers also contributes significantly to improving the quality of learning. These findings confirm that the role of school principals in conducting academic supervision and improving teacher competence is a key factor in improving the quality of learning in elementary schools. Therefore, strengthening academic supervision and improving teacher competence need to be the main focus in education policies to improve the quality of learning.

Osteoarthritis is a type of arthritis that occurs in the area around the joints because the cartilage that protects the ends of the bones begins to break down accompanied by reactive changes at the edges of the joints which can cause pain and difficulty moving. Drug use is said to be rational if the patient receives treatment that is in accordance with clinical needs, namely correct diagnosis, correct drug selection, correct indication, correct dose, correct method of administration, and correct patient. This research aims to use a descriptive analysis design for observational research. The research design used was quantitative research to determine the rationality of using NSAIDs anti-pain medication in osteoarthritis patients undergoing treatment at the Klinik Teluk Banten. The rationality results in this research are, 100% correct diagnosis, 100% correct indication. 100% correct choice of drug, 89% correct dose, 100% correct method of administration, 94% correct patient for Osteoarthritis at Klinik Teluk Banten.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the chronic diseases whose prevalence is increasing worldwide. This disease is characterized by high blood glucose levels due to impaired insulin production or function, the hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. This study aims to examine the effect of wild betel leaf extract (Piper aduncum) on the inhibition of glucose transport using the ileum of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) with the infusion method. This research is a pre-experimental study with a posttest-only control design using white rats and wild betel leaves. The study demonstrates that wild betel leaves (Piper aduncum L.) and red betel leaves (Piper crocatum) have significant potential in inhibiting glucose transport and reducing blood sugar levels. This is evident from the significant decrease in the rate of glucose transport after the administration of wild betel leaf extract, indicating an inhibitory effect on glucose transporters such as SGLT-1 and GLUT-2.

Mother as an individual has the right to feel happiness in herself and her life even if she has a child with special needs. There is a process that a mother who has a child with special needs goes through to finally achieve happiness in her life. This study aims to describe the happiness of mothers who have children with special needs, including disabilities, autism, and down syndrome at UPT Resource Center Gresik. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study research type and used data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques use the Miles and Huberman models. The data credibility technique uses triangulation techniques and member checks.  Based on the results of the research conducted by the researchers, it was shown that the three subjects were happy with their condition as mothers who have children with special needs including disabilities, autism, and down syndrome. The three subjects can establish relationships with the surrounding environment, be fully involved in their children's activities, find meaning in life, be optimistic about their children's future, and be resilient or be able to rise from the problems they face.