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The teacher is an important figure for students in school. The s uccess of education is determined by the human element, one of which is the teacher. As an educator the teacher has a great responsibility for the character of his students so that they are accustomed to doing good The formulation of the research problem is what efforts do teachers make in building character at SMPN 2 Talun ? What is the condition of the student’s character with the character fostered by the teacher at SMPN 03 Karangdadap? The purpose of this study was to reveal what efforts the teacher made in fostering student character at SMPN 2 Talun . Based on the results of the research, it shows that: the role of a teacher in fostering the character of students at SMPN 2 Talun is that the teacher acts as a motivator, this can be seen from the efforts of educators to do the right thing. This is indicated by the emergence of awareness in a child of what is being done and the enthusiasm of a student in activities at the madrasah.

Pancasila as the foundation of the state has an important role in shaping the mindset and character of children from an early age, especially at the elementary school level. In the challenging era of globalization, Pancasila-based education is the main foundation in instilling national and moral values. This study aims to explore the role of Pancasila in shaping the mindset of elementary school children and strategies that can be applied in learning so that its values can be internalized effectively. The method used in this study is a literature study by reviewing various relevant scientific articles. The results of the study indicate that an experience-based learning approach, the active role of teachers as role models, and synergy between schools, families, and communities are key factors in instilling Pancasila values. In addition, the challenges of globalization and technological developments require strengthening Pancasila-based digital literacy so that children are able to filter information wisely. Thus, Pancasila-based character education is a strategic element in forming a young generation that has integrity, social responsibility, and critical thinking skills in facing changing times.

Family conflict is a common phenomenon that can negatively impact emotional well-being and the stability of relationships between family members. Mediation, as an alternative conflict resolution, offers a constructive approach by involving a neutral third party. The goodwill of the conflicting parties is a crucial factor in the success of the mediation process. This article examines the important role of goodwill in family mediation, including honesty, openness, willingness to listen, respect, focus on solutions, and adherence to agreements. Mediation has been shown to be effective in resolving various types of family conflicts, such as intergenerational conflict, sibling conflict, and marital conflict. The benefits of mediation include maintaining family relationships, tailored solutions, confidentiality, and empowering family members to take control of conflict resolution. The mediator plays a vital role in facilitating the mediation process and creating a conducive environment. The conclusion of this study is that goodwill is the foundation of successful family mediation. When conflicting parties approach mediation in good faith, they can reach solutions that strengthen family relationships and enhance mutual well-being.

Current efforts to eradicate corruption are not only focused on arresting and imposing criminal sanctions on perpetrators, but also through efforts to restore the country's financial and economic losses by confiscating assets or property belonging to perpetrators of corruption. Asset recovery or confiscation of assets from perpetrators of corruption is an important thing that must be considered in handling corruption cases, as a form of recovery of state losses. Therefore, there must be a good policy formulation to support the implementation of asset recovery. Indonesia needs special regulations or rules that have legal force and have special rules regarding the mechanism for confiscating assets and property suspected of being obtained from the proceeds of corruption. This study is entitled Asset Confiscation as a Form of Punishment for Perpetrators of Corruption. The purpose of this study is to determine and explain legal policies related to asset confiscation.

The halal pharmaceutical industry is experiencing significant growth as consumer awareness and demand for Sharia-compliant products continue to rise. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis to examine research trends, influential authors, and key themes related to halal pharmaceutical consumer behavior. Using a dataset of 103 articles retrieved from Google Scholar, the study applied bibliometric methods, including performance analysis and science mapping, to identify research patterns. The findings revealed an increasing number of publications over the years, highlighting the growing academic interest in this field. Keyword co-occurrence analysis indicates that topics such as halal certification, consumer trust, and regulatory compliance are central themes in the literature, while emerging areas such as digital marketing and supply chain transparency present new research opportunities. The co-authorship analysis suggests that collaboration among researchers remains limited, indicating the need for greater interdisciplinary cooperation. Highly cited papers in this domain provide foundational insights but also reveal gaps in understanding the psychological and cultural factors influencing consumer behavior. This study contributes to the academic discourse on halal pharmaceuticals by mapping the current research landscape and offering recommendations for future studies.

Learning German at level A1 is designed for beginners, with the aim of introducing the basics of vocabulary and sentence structure used in everyday life. The material taught includes work and daily activities. Grammar, as a fundamental aspect of learning, is very important to help learners understand sentence structure, verb usage, as well as case systems in German. German Grammar Learning Books that use linguistic approaches such as Error Analysis and Contrastive Analysis aim to make it easier for learners to understand the differences between German and Indonesian grammar. The study analyzed the book with reference  to the Profile Deutsch standard  issued by the Goethe-Institut, which assesses the suitability of the material with the German language learning objectives at A1 level. The focus of the analysis is on the material  of Der Adjective and Modal Verben, with results that show the shortcomings and advantages in the presentation of the material. Some example sentences use more complex structures, such as comparisons that don't correspond to beginner levels. The use of complete conjugation for Modalverben is also considered too heavy, and negation sentences with Modalverben are often confusing for A1 learners. In addition, the vocabulary used in this book is not very well known at the A1 level, so it needs to be adjusted to more basic vocabulary.    

The independent curriculum is an innovation in Indonesian education that offers freedom to learn to students, and allows educational units, teachers, and students to design learning processes that are relevant to their individual needs and potential, with an emphasis on developing student character. This study aims to describe in detail how the role of the Independent Curriculum in the formation of student character. This study was compiled with a literature study or Library observation. Data in this literature study were collected through searches on Google Scholar and various other databases, which aim to obtain comparative material. After that, the data that was successfully collected was collected based on its relevance to the research questions and objectives of this article, then summarized into comprehensive study results. The data collection process was carried out by tracing literature from national and international journals available on several websites. The results of the study show that the Independent Curriculum in Indonesia is designed to be freedom for students in the learning process through a flexible approach that is relevant to their lives. This curriculum forms student character based on Pancasila values, using various strategies such as differentiated learning, project-based learning

The Indonesian language has absorbed numerous loanwords from various foreign languages, including German. Although the influence of German is not as significant as that of Dutch, Arabic, or Sanskrit, it plays a crucial role, particularly in scientific, technological, medical, and philosophical terminology. This study aims to examine the historical background, development, and adaptation of German loanwords in Indonesian. Using a qualitative approach, data collection was conducted through literature review and linguistic analysis. The findings indicate that many German words entered Indonesian through scientific and academic fields, with some undergoing phonetic and morphological adaptation. The influence of German in Indonesia continues, particularly in academic and industrial sectors, suggesting potential future linguistic integration.     

This research was conducted in Gading Rejo District, Pasuruan City, focusing on optimizing the potential of medai fish through training in fish ball production. Data was collected from December 21 to 31, 2024, using methods such as Field Observation, In-Depth Interviews, and Questionnaire Distribution. The results revealed that while the majority of the community (70%) is familiar with fish balls, only a small portion (30%) knows how to make them, and 50% are not aware of the detailed process. This indicates a significant need for practical skills training in processing medai fish into fish balls. This study supports the community empowerment theory, which emphasizes the importance of enhancing practical skills to improve economic competitiveness, as well as the value-added processing theory that encourages creating new business opportunities. Based on these findings, it is recommended that continuous training be conducted to improve the community's knowledge and skills in fish ball production, along with providing facilities to support the production process.

This research was conducted in Gading Rejo District, Pasuruan City, focusing on optimizing the potential of medai fish through training in fish ball production. Data was collected from December 21 to 31, 2024, using methods such as Field Observation, In-Depth Interviews, and Questionnaire Distribution. The results revealed that while the majority of the community (70%) is familiar with fish balls, only a small portion (30%) knows how to make them, and 50% are not aware of the detailed process. This indicates a significant need for practical skills training in processing medai fish into fish balls. This study supports the community empowerment theory, which emphasizes the importance of enhancing practical skills to improve economic competitiveness, as well as the value-added processing theory that encourages creating new business opportunities. Based on these findings, it is recommended that continuous training be conducted to improve the community's knowledge and skills in fish ball production, along with providing facilities to support the production process.

Multicultural education is an important approach in a diverse society like Indonesia, with the aim of developing human potential as a whole while respecting diversity. This education emphasizes the recognition and appreciation of cultural, ethnic, religious, and linguistic differences, and also develops an attitude of tolerance and empathy for individuals from diverse backgrounds. This study aims to determine the implementation of multicultural education in the Pancasila Education subject at SMP NEGERI 7 Medan. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The subjects of this study consisted of Pancasila education teachers and students at SMP NEGERI 7 Medan. The location of the study was chosen at SMP NEGERI 7 Medan because this school has implemented multicultural education that combines diversity in school life. SMP Negeri 7 Medan illustrates the abundant diversity of students, especially in the field of religion, with students from various beliefs studying together, as well as various social and cultural backgrounds. The school holds a weekly structured literacy program, which is linked to the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5) to develop literacy skills and reinforce Pancasila values. Religious activities are held every Friday to strengthen students' religious and ethical values, while "Thursday Expression" acts as a place to celebrate Indonesia's cultural diversity. Healthy exercise for Indonesian children also reflects the Pancasila student profile and culturally diverse education. The realization of the Pancasila project has brought significant positive impacts, such as increasing tolerance, strengthening students' character, developing social skills, and creating an inclusive learning environment.

This study aims to improve the singing skills of sixth grade students at State Elementary School 173632 through the national song "Indonesia Raya". application of vocal techniques. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach with a classroom action research (CAR) method approach which is carried out in several cycles, including the stages of planning, implementation of actions, observation, and reflection. The results of the study indicate that the systematic application of vocal techniques can improve the quality of students' singing. Diaphragm breathing exercises help students control their voices more stably, articulation techniques make song lyrics clearer, intonation exercises improve pitch accuracy, and expression techniques help students convey emotions in songs better. Data analysis shows an increase in the average singing skills of students from the category of sufficient to good after being given action. In addition, the results of observations show that the majority of students feel more confident and enjoy learning to sing with a vocal technique approach. Thus, this study can help improve students' vocal skills as well as knowledge for students and teachers as well as for readers.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of drug socialization on improving adolescent understanding at SDN 173632 Porsea, Toba Regency. Data were collected through questionnaires before and after socialization, which covered various aspects of understanding about drugs. The results showed a significant increase in the accuracy of answers after socialization. Before socialization, the average accuracy of answers was only 74.4%, while after socialization it increased to 99.5%. The most striking increase was seen in the understanding of types of drugs, which was initially only 12.3% to 100%. In addition, understanding of the effects of drugs also increased from 68% to 100%. These results indicate that socialization plays an important role in increasing adolescent awareness and knowledge about the dangers of drugs. Therefore, drug socialization has proven effective in improving adolescent understanding, so that it can help readers, especially teachers and students, in understanding the prevention of drug abuse among students.

Mosquitoes are often considered as carriers of disease. Various efforts have been made to reduce the mosquito population, including the use of chemical mosquito sprays. This is due to the lack of public knowledge about the use of plants around them such as citronella to be used as mosquito repellent and mosquito larvae killers. Therefore, activities were carried out that aimed to increase public understanding of the use of natural larvicide that focused on plants around them such as citronella which can be processed into useful materials. Through this socialization, we can provide useful information to the community, making them aware that citronella is not, method used is socialization and training for the community, regarding the use and manufacture of anti-mosquito Larvicide made from citronella. This activity consists of the preparation stage and the implementation stage. Based on the results of community service in Reuloh village, it shows high enthusiasm from the community and has a positive impact on knowledge about the dangers of mosquitoes and the manufacture and use of natural Larvicide ingredients as mosquito repellent and is believed to be able to kill larvae.

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of using flashcards in overcoming reading delays in elementary school students. The method applied was a literature review by analyzing seven scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025. The results showed that the use of flashcards significantly improved students' reading skills, both in recognizing letters, words, and understanding reading. In addition, flashcards also proved effective in increasing students' motivation and interest in learning. However, their effectiveness is influenced by several factors, such as media design, teacher training and learning environment support. These findings provide valuable insights for educators in determining appropriate learning methods for students with reading delays. Therefore, this study recommends flashcards as an innovative learning media that can be customized to suit students' needs.

This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of the gay community, including their identity, social dynamics, and the challenges they face. In addition, this study aims to identify factors that influence public perception of the gay community and how stigma and discrimination develop. The method used is qualitative, which is a research approach that aims to understand the meaning, experience, and perspective of individuals or groups in a particular context. The data in this study were obtained from the analysis of the podcast "Close The Door" by Deddy Corbuzier which features an interview with a content creator who is part of the LGBT (gay) community. Through this analysis, the study seeks to uncover how narratives that develop in the media can influence public opinion. The results of the study are expected to provide a clearer understanding of the existence of the gay community in the social structure, as well as assist policy makers in designing regulations that are more inclusive and support diversity.

This study analyzes the management of facilities and infrastructure at SMP Negeri 35 Medan in an effort to improve education quality. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through observations and interviews conducted at the school. Observations focus on assessing the condition of classrooms, laboratories, libraries, and supporting infrastructure, while interviews with key informants, including a science teacher and the vice principal for facilities, provide deeper insights into the management and challenges of school infrastructure. The findings indicate that although the school meets the minimum facility standards as stipulated in Government Regulation No. 19 of 2005, several challenges remain, including budget constraints, lack of facility maintenance by students, and limited human resources. To optimize facility usage, the school needs to implement strategies such as regular maintenance, budget optimization through external collaborations, enhancement of the digital inventory system, and strengthening Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). Additionally, integrating technology in learning and increasing student awareness of facility maintenance are crucial solutions. By implementing these recommendations, facility and infrastructure management is expected to become more effective, creating a more comfortable and supportive learning environment for both students and educators.

This study aims to examine the role of Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers in developing Christian values ​​learning materials for students at SD Negeri 076067 Orahili, North Nias. Christian values ​​are an integral part of character education taught in schools, which function to shape students' moral and ethical attitudes in everyday life. This study uses a qualitative literature approach to collect data on how PAK teachers develop learning materials that focus on Christian values. The results of the study indicate that PAK teachers have an important role in compiling learning materials that not only cover aspects of integrating Christian values ​​that are applied in learning activities and everyday life. The development of teaching materials has the opportunity from the resources and time available to explore Christian values ​​comprehensively. The conclusion in this paper shows that teachers in pedagogical competence can utilize human resources to develop more creative teaching materials based on Christian values, and are supported by adequate educational facilities.

To maintain order the and continuity of democracy in Indonesia, legal and constitutional stability are essential. This article discusses the strategic functions of state institutions, including the executive, legislative, and judiciary, in ensuring the supremacy of law and constitutionalism. This paper investigates how cooperation between state institutions can strengthen a stable legal system that is responsive to socio-political changes using qualitative methodologies, such as desk studies and analysis of laws and regulations. This paper also emphasizes that state institutions face political pressure, regulatory inconsistencies, and interventions in the law enforcement process. This study offers policy suggestions to improve institutional capacity in maintaining legal and constitutional stability by comparing practices in other democratic countries. These study expected to help strengthennof Indonesian constitutional system to more than responsive to advances while maintaining the supremacy of law and democracy.

Poverty is a crucial issue for a country. Overcoming poverty requires a comprehensive and sustainable approach that encompasses various sectors.  This study aims to determine the effect of the Open Unemployment Rate (TPT), Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB), and Labor Force Participation Rate (TPAK) on the number of poor residents.  The data analysis technique used in this research is OLS (Ordinary Least Squares), utilizing time series data on the Open Unemployment Rate (TPT), Regional Gross Domestic Product (PDRB), Labor Force Participation Rate (TPAK), and poverty from 2002-2023 in North Sumatra Province.  The results of this study indicate that the Open Unemployment Rate (IPT) does not affect poverty, whereas the Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB) and the Labor Force Participation Rate (TPAK) have a negative and significant impact on poverty.  Meanwhile, simultaneously, the Open Unemployment Rate (TPT), Regional Gross Domestic Product (PDRB), and Labor Force Participation Rate (TPAK) affect poverty in North Sumatra Province from 2002 to 2023.