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The implementation of Pancasila values ​​in communication ethics between students and teachers is an important aspect in creating a harmonious and character-based educational environment. This study aims to describe how the implementation of Pancasila values ​​in communication ethics between students and teachers at SMK Pemuda 1 Kesamben. This study applies a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques that include observation, interviews, and documentation studies. Data analysis is carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. To ensure the validity of the data, data triangulation techniques are used. The results of this study show that the implementation of Pancasila values ​​in student and teacher communication is reflected in three main indicators: (1) Politeness (the principles of Divinity and Humanity) can be seen from the choice of good and not rude words, the use of good language, and the right tone of voice. (2) Effectiveness of communication (the principle of Democracy) is shown through the delivery of clear and easy-to-understand opinions and maintaining communication on track. (3) Mutual respect (the principle of Unity and Social Justice) can be seen from respecting the teacher's opinion and respecting differences of opinion, listening when the teacher speaks, and responding wisely when communicating with the teacher. Class XI Accounting students at SMK Pemuda 1 Kesamben have implemented Pancasila values ​​in communication ethics with teachers during the PPKn learning well.

This study examines the efforts to preserve the Djimbe drum craft culture in Kepanjenkidul District, Blitar City. The objectives of this study are: To describe the efforts to preserve the djimbe drum craft culture in Kepanjenkidul District, Blitar City. This study is a descriptive qualitative study using observation, interview and documentation methods. Data analysis was carried out by data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. By using the Chaeder Alwasilah theory study, this study examines how preservation efforts can be carried out. The results of the study indicate that the Djimbe Drum Craft Culture in Kepanjenkidul District has met three aspects, namely (1) Appreciation, Increasing Knowledge, in this aspect the Djimbe Drum Craft Culture has three indicators including cultural heritage, environment, availability of raw materials, understanding history, manufacturing process and empowerment through exhibitions and training. (2) Collective planning, in this aspect the Djimbe Drum Craft Culture has four indicators including increasing quality by maintaining value, developing marketing methods, developing innovation, and optimizing coordination with related parties. (3) Utilization of Cultural Productivity, in this aspect the Djimbe Kendang Craft Culture has five indicators which contain the impacts resulting from the Djimbe Kendang Craft Culture for the surrounding community and the City of Blitar.

Indonesia is experiencing an identity crisis that is seen from the fading values ​​such as the spirit of struggle, togetherness or mutual cooperation, concern, and unity. This study aims to describe how the value of mutual cooperation is applied between members of the management in the "Segar" Waste Bank program in Bendogerit Village, Sanawetan District, Blitar City. This study uses a qualitative method with interview, observation, and documentation techniques involving the chairman, vice chairman, secretary, and two members of the waste bank management. The data collected were analyzed by summarizing information, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. To ensure data accuracy, a comparison was made between the results of interviews, observations, and documentation so that the research results were more reliable.The results of the study show that: (1) Voluntary and responsible, seen from the active involvement of the management in collecting and sorting waste together. (2) The spirit of mutual assistance, seen in cooperation between members in carrying out waste bank activities, including dividing tasks and helping each other when facing difficulties. (3) Strengthening unity and togetherness in social life and the community environment, which is seen from the increasingly close social relations between residents. By working together in sorting waste, residents become more familiar and united. They also learn to respect each other's opinions and find solutions together when differences occur. This study proves that members of the "Segar" Waste Bank management in Bendogerit Village have implemented mutual cooperation values ​​in carrying out the activity process, by prioritizing cooperation, responsibility, and concern for the environment and the surrounding community.

This study aims to identify and analyze factors influencing the low involvement in religious worship among Muslim adolescents aged 15-19 years in Jakarta and surrounding areas. A qualitative approach was employed using semi-structured in-depth interviews with 20 purposively selected participants. Thematic analysis revealed four main themes: limited and contextually irrelevant religious understanding, peer social pressure, distractions from social media and digital technology, and lack of family support and active role models. These findings provide a basis for developing contextual and interactive religious education programs, enhancing family roles, and utilizing digital media as effective tools for religious motivation. Recommendations are directed to educators, families, and communities to sustainably increase adolescent worship engagement.  

This study aims to improve the understanding of class VIII MTs students on the material of Social Media Etiquette through the Giving Questions and Getting Answers (GQGA) method. The research was conducted due to the low understanding of students in Islamic Religious Education subjects, especially about social media etiquette. The method used was Classroom Action Research (PTK) model Kemmis & McTaggart which consists of two cycles: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data were collected through observation and multiple choice tests. As a result, students' learning completeness increased from 50% before the action, to 70% in cycle I, and 95% in cycle II. This shows that the GQGA method is effective for improving students' comprehension.

The career guidance service program is one of the Counseling Guidance services in schools. Career guidance services provide a lot of information and briefing to students regarding their career plans after graduating from school. Data from the study were obtained through observation, interviews and documentation. Observations were carried out in several classes, especially in grade 12. Interviews were conducted with BK teachers. Documentation is carried out when there are activities related to career guidance services at school. To find out students' ability to understand their future career plans, researchers used life maps and ideal clouds. As a result, some students have been able to write their career plans well. However, at first, many students still feel hesitant to write their future career plans on the map of life.

As we know, Islamic law is known to have a flexible and dynamic nature, allowing for changes and renewal in accordance with the development of the times and the needs of the people. In this context, the rules of fiqh play an important role as a methodological basis in conducting legal istinbath on contemporary issues. This study aims to examine the rules of fiqh that are relevant in supporting legal change and renewal, such as the rule of "al-ḥukmu yadūru ma‘a al-‘illah wujūdan wa ‘adaman", "lā yunkar taghayyur al-aḥkām bi taghayyur al-azminah wa al-amkinah", and other rules that accommodate social change. The method applied in this study is qualitative-descriptive by utilizing a literature study approach. Data collection was conducted through a literature review of books on Islamic jurisprudence, both classical and modern, as well as secondary sources including books, journals, and related scientific works. The data analysis process was conducted descriptively-analystically with the aim of revealing the meaning and application of Islamic jurisprudence principles related to changes and innovations in Islamic law.

The career guidance service program is one of the Counseling Guidance services in schools. Career guidance services provide a lot of information and briefing to students regarding their career plans after graduating from school. Data from the study were obtained through observation, interviews and documentation. Observations were carried out in several classes, especially in grade 12. Interviews were conducted with BK teachers. Documentation is carried out when there are activities related to career guidance services at school. To find out students' ability to understand their future career plans, researchers used life maps and ideal clouds. As a result, some students have been able to write their career plans well. However, at first, many students still feel hesitant to write their future career plans on the map of life.

This study aims to examine the legal foundation and operational principles of Islamic banking in Indonesia. The background of this research stems from the necessity of a comprehensive understanding of the legitimacy and Sharia-based principles that underpin banking activities within the Islamic financial system. This research uses a literature review method by analyzing legal documents such as Law Number 21 of 2008 and fatwas issued by the National Sharia Council of MUI, along with other academic references. The findings indicate that Islamic banking in Indonesia is built upon a strong legal framework and clear Sharia principles, such as the prohibition of usury (riba), justice, and transparency. However, there are still challenges in the practical implementation of these principles, particularly in terms of public understanding and consistent interpretation. This research is expected to serve as an initial reference for strengthening legal literacy and Sharia principles in banking, and to support the development of a more inclusive Islamic financial system.

The transfer of land ownership rights through a grant (hibah) is a form of voluntary and non-compensatory property transfer. Notaries play a crucial role in drafting grant deeds to ensure legal certainty and protect the rights of the parties involved. This study aims to analyze the legal aspects of land ownership transfer through a grant deed before a notary, as well as the legal strength of the grant deed in providing legal certainty. The research employs a normative juridical method with a statutory and conceptual approach. The findings indicate that a grant deed executed before a notary holds perfect evidentiary power and serves as a crucial requirement in the process of transferring land ownership titles at the land office.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of subsidized fertilizer distribution to farmers in Gorontalo Regency. The allocation system follows a regulatory procedure starting from the Minister of Agriculture Regulation, followed by the Governor’s Decree, and finally by the Regent/Mayor’s Decree, which determines fertilizer allocation down to farmer groups. However, the implementation in the field faces several issues, including fertilizer shortages, prices exceeding the government-set retail price (HET), and misuse of distribution mechanisms. Using a normative-empirical legal research method, the study finds that the ineffectiveness of the subsidized fertilizer program is mainly due to inaccurate data collection and distribution, as well as the suboptimal use of the Farmer Card (Kartu Tani), often hampered by technical problems such as inactive cards. An evaluation based on the "six accuracy principles" (right quantity, timing, price, location, quality, and type) shows that the current distribution is not functioning effectively. The main inefficiencies are rooted in administrative shortcomings, delayed distribution, and inconsistencies between regulatory provisions and field implementation

This literature review investigates the role of HRM as a strategic factor in boosting institutional performance, competitiveness, and organizational resilience in educational institutions. By analyzing five selected academic articles, the study identifies three core HRM approaches: best practices, contingency, and configurational models. Key focuses include competency development, technological integration, and transformational leadership in fostering a productive and adaptive work environment. Findings reveal that strategic HRM significantly contributes to organizational sustainability amid global challenges. The study recommends a human-centered, data-driven approach to establish a sustainable HRM framework for educational institutions.

Multicultural competence is a crucial aspect for counselors in addressing diverse clients. Multicultural counseling training aims to enhance counselors' understanding of various values, norms, and cultural practices. This research employs a literature review method by collecting, analyzing, and synthesizing various academic sources, including books, research journals, and relevant scientific articles published. The findings indicate that this training helps counselors identify personal biases, improve cross-cultural communication skills, and develop more inclusive intervention strategies. A well-structured multicultural counseling approach can enhance the accessibility and quality of mental health services in diverse communities.

In the world of education, students' English language skills cannot be separated from the learning process provided by lecturers. Lecturers as facilitators try to provide the best teaching and learning process for their students. English is a course that develops communication skills both orally and in writing, understanding and expressing information. This course is no longer just a course that is limited to grammar, but can also develop students' skills in communicating English orally and in writing. For this reason, a creative approach is needed that can make students more active and interesting in learning English. One of the approaches provided by lecturers is learning English by utilizing audio-visual media, namely using videos, films, and music. In teaching English material, the use of this learning media is one of the right learning media to use. The purpose of this journal is to provide strategies in utilizing audio-visual media to improve students' English learning outcomes. Technically, the strategy for utilizing audio-visual media in the process of teaching and learning English is divided into three stages, namely preparation, use and the last is follow-up after use. This media utilization strategy will make English learning more effective, interactive and interesting. Lecturers will be more optimal in delivering materials and students will find it easier to understand.

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of Good Governance principles in the development management of Silawan Village, Tasifeto Timur Subdistrict, Belu Regency, located on the Indonesia–Timor-Leste border. The research focuses on aspects of participation, transparency, accountability, and effectiveness, as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors in their implementation. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The results indicate that Good Governance principles have begun to be applied through community deliberations, budget transparency, and public oversight of village programs. Although governance has been relatively effective due to the support of community leaders and local infrastructure, challenges such as low citizen participation and slow response from the regency government remain significant obstacles.

Letter management is one of the important aspects in supporting the efficiency of academic administration in schools. This study aims to explore and understand how letter management at SMA Al-Hidayah Medan can be optimized to improve the efficiency of academic administration. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection through direct observation and interviews with parties involved in the correspondence administration process. The research findings show that SMA Al-Hidayah Medan implements a combined letter management system, namely combining manual and digital management. Incoming and outgoing letters are recorded manually in the agenda book and expedition book, and archived digitally in the school computer system. However, the system used is still limited and has not been fully integrated. The obstacles found include limited human resources who have not fully mastered administration and information technology, weak document supervision, and archiving of physical letters that have not been systematically arranged. In addition, digital archiving which is still conventional without automatic categorization makes the archive search process less efficient. As an optimization effort, the school has implemented a semi-digital system, provided training for administrative staff, compiled letter classification codes, compiled SOPs for letter management, and utilized cloud storage and digitization of old archives. These steps demonstrate institutional awareness to build a more efficient and modern administration system. In conclusion, effective letter management plays a very important role in supporting academic administration, but requires continuous coaching, better digital integration, and strong managerial commitment.

Student truancy and tardiness are serious problems that impact students' academic achievement and social-emotional development. This study aims to examine the strategies implemented by Guidance and Counseling (BK) teachers in dealing with students who often truant and are late at SMP Negeri 1 Tigo Nagari. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the strategies implemented include early identification of at-risk students, strengthening teacher-student relationships, ongoing counseling services, parental involvement, implementation of group guidance, and consistent enforcement of regulations. These strategies have proven effective in reducing the level of student absence and tardiness. This study concludes that the role of BK teachers is very important in creating a school environment that supports student discipline and involvement. These findings are expected to be a reference for other schools in developing a systematic and collaborative guidance approach.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of e-modules based on Predict-Observe-Explain (POE) to improve students' critical thinking skills on chemical equilibrium material. The subjects in this study were students of Senior High School 4 Surabaya. This type of research is pre-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research data were obtained from the pretest and posttest results of critical thinking skills. Data analysis technique using the Paired Sample t-Test. The study’s results based on the Paired Sample t-Test showed a P-Value of 0.000 (<0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that e-modules based on POE are effectively used to improve students' critical thinking skills on chemical equilibrium material.

This study aims to obtain the validity of E-LAPD using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model that can be used to improve science literacy on chemical equilibrium material. The design used is a 4-D model designed to improve students' science literacy skills. The valid E-LAPD was evaluated through a validation sheet filled in by the validator using a Likert scale. Validity consists of construct validity which includes presentation components, graphic components, suitability of models and indicators to be improved and content validation which includes the suitability of learning objectives with learning outcomes and the suitability of problems or phenomena with the material being taught.  The validity of E-LAPD is declared valid if the score from the validator is at least 4 and does not have one score < 3 from the validator. The results showed that the E-LAPD developed had high validity indicating that the mode score of the validator ≥ 4. The developed E-LAPD was declared valid for use with a construct and content validation assessment which was described as valid with a score of 4, thus E-LAPD using the PBL model was declared valid for use to improve science literacy in chemical equilibrium material.

The purpose of this study was to find out how emotional regulation is related to aggressive driving behavior exhibited by intercity bus drivers within the province. This study uses a quantitative approach involving 82 bus drivers. In this study, the ERQ (Emotion Regulation Questionnare) scale and ADBS (Aggressive Driving Behavior Scale) scale were used to collect data. The results of the correlation test show that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected, with a correlation coefficient (r) of -0.754 and a significant (p) of 0.000. Therefore, these findings indicate that there is a significant negative correlation between emotion regulation and aggressive driving behavior exhibited by intercity bus drivers in the provinces.