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This research aims to explore the crisis of social intolerance among adolescents and how educational programs can be developed to reduce social tension in schools. The design of this study uses a qualitative approach with unit analysis on adolescents, teachers, and principals. Data sources were obtained through in-depth interviews, observations, and analysis of related education policy documents. Data collection techniques include semi-structured interviews, direct observations in the classroom, and analysis of existing policies and educational programs. Data analysis was conducted with a thematic analysis approach to identify key themes regarding the causative factors of social intolerance, their impact on social tensions, and the steps taken to address the problem. The research findings suggest that social intolerance among adolescents is triggered by factors such as cultural differences and social backgrounds, as well as a lack of skills in dealing with differences. The contribution of this research is to provide insight into the importance of education that prioritises tolerance and diversity to reduce social tension in schools.

This research aims to examine the reform of the business education curriculum to adjust to the demand of the job market. The method used is qualitative research with an analysis unit in the form of a higher education institution that offers business study programs. The research design uses case studies with primary data sources obtained from in-depth interviews with lecturers, students, and industry players. The data collection technique was carried out through semi-structured interviews and analysis of curriculum documents. Data analysis uses thematic analysis techniques to identify the fit between the business education curriculum and the needs of the ever-evolving job market. The findings of the study show that despite efforts to reform the curriculum, there is still a gap between the competencies taught and the skills needed in the world of work. The contribution of this research is to provide recommendations on how the business education curriculum can be more responsive to the dynamics of the job market by adapting learning materials to be more relevant and applicable in the industrial world.

This research aims to explore the progress of health education in Indonesia and its impact on improving the quality of public health. This study uses a qualitative approach with community analysis units that receive health education, both in urban and rural areas. The research design used is a case study with the main data sources from in-depth interviews with health workers, educators, and the public, and analysis of policy documents related to health education. Data collection techniques include semi-structured interviews, participatory observations, and analysis of health education policy documents. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques to identify the main themes that emerged related to the advancement of health education and their impact on the quality of public health. The research findings show that despite progress in health education, major challenges such as resource inequality and lack of community engagement remain major barriers. The contribution of this research is to provide new insights into the factors that affect the effectiveness of health education in improving the quality of public health, as well as offer recommendations to improve the implementation of health education policies in Indonesia.

This research aims to explore ways to improve soft skills in business education to strengthen the competitiveness of graduates in the job market. The method used is qualitative research with an analysis unit of business education programs in universities. The design of this study uses case studies with the main data sources obtained from in-depth interviews with lecturers, students, and study program managers. The data collection technique involves semi-structured interviews and analysis of curriculum documents, while the data analysis is carried out using a thematic analysis approach. The research findings show that despite the awareness of the importance of soft skills, the integration of learning these skills in the curriculum is still limited and needs to be improved. The contribution of this research is to provide recommendations on how business education can develop soft skills systematically, so that graduates can be more competitive in an increasingly competitive job market.

This study aims to explore changes in physical education in Indonesia and their impact on improving students' physical health. This study uses a qualitative approach with the analysis unit of schools in Indonesia, with a focus on physical education teachers and students. The research design used is a case study, with primary data sources obtained through in-depth interviews with physical education teachers, students, and analysis of physical education curriculum documents. Data collection techniques include semi-structured interviews, direct observation in the classroom, and document studies related to the curriculum and physical education policies. Data were analysed using thematic analysis techniques to identify key themes related to changes in physical education and their impact on students' physical health. The findings of the study show that despite changes in the physical education curriculum, its implementation on the ground is still limited by infrastructure and teacher training. The contribution of this research is to provide insight into the challenges and opportunities in improving students' physical health through changes in physical education in Indonesia.

This research aims to explore business education curriculum innovations that can prepare future leaders who are competent and adaptive to global challenges. The method used is qualitative research with an analysis unit of business education programs in universities. The design of this study uses case studies with primary data sources obtained through in-depth interviews with study program managers, lecturers, and students. Data collection techniques were carried out through semi-structured interviews and curriculum document analysis, while data analysis used a thematic analysis approach. The findings of the study show that despite some innovation efforts in the curriculum, there is still a gap between the existing curriculum and the need for leadership skills in the world of work. The contribution of this research is to provide recommendations on how the business education curriculum should be more innovative, with an emphasis on leadership development, adaptation skills, and problem-solving, to prepare future leaders who are ready to face global dynamics.

This study aims to analyse the controversy in national education policy and its impact on improving educational justice in Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach with education policy analysis units implemented at the national level, focusing on policy implementation in various regions. The research design used is a case study, with primary data sources obtained through in-depth interviews with stakeholders, such as the government, principals, and teachers, as well as analysis of education policy documents. Data collection techniques include semi-structured interviews, observations, and document studies, while data analysis is conducted using thematic analysis techniques to identify key themes related to policy controversies and their impacts. The findings of the study show that although national education policies aim to equalise access to education, there are inequalities in implementation that exacerbate the education gap between urban and rural areas. The contribution of this research is to provide a deeper understanding of the factors that cause controversy in education policy and recommendations to improve educational equity in Indonesia.

. This research aims to explore the progress of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in improving Indonesian language learning in Indonesian schools. This study uses a qualitative approach with the analysis units of teachers, students, and education managers in various schools. The research design used is a case study with primary data sources obtained through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis related to the use of technology in learning. Data collection techniques include semi-structured interviews, hands-on classroom observations, and study of education policy documents. Data analysis was carried out using thematic analysis techniques to identify the main themes related to the application of artificial intelligence in learning Bahasa Indonesia. The findings of the study show that despite progress in the application of AI, its implementation is still limited to schools in large cities with adequate resources. The contribution of this research is to provide new insights into the potential of artificial intelligence in increasing the effectiveness of Indonesian language learning as well as the challenges faced in integrating this technology in Indonesian schools.

This research aims to analyse the transition from traditional leadership models to collaborative and agile approaches in management, as well as explore the challenges and opportunities that arise in the process of change. Using a qualitative research design with a case study approach, the unit of analysis is an organisation that has experienced or is transforming from traditional leadership to a more collaborative and agile managerial approach. Data sources were obtained through interviews with managers, line managers, and team members, as well as analysis of organisational policy documents related to leadership and the implementation of agile methodologies. The data collection techniques used include semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and document analysis. Data were analysed using thematic analysis methods to identify patterns and themes related to leadership transition and their impact on organisational performance. The research findings show that while the transition to collaborative and agile leadership provides benefits in terms of flexibility and collaboration, many organisations face difficulties in changing established organisational cultures. The contribution of this research is to provide insight into how this leadership change can improve work dynamics and organisational performance, as well as provide recommendations to overcome the challenges faced during the implementation of these changes.

This study aims to explore the progress of the education evaluation system in improving accountability in Indonesian schools. This study uses a qualitative approach with the analysis units of school principals, teachers, and education supervisors. The research design used is a case study with primary data sources obtained through in-depth interviews and observations. The data collection technique involves semi-structured interviews and documentation, while the data analysis is carried out using thematic analysis techniques. The findings of the study show that the progress of the education evaluation system in Indonesian schools has increased accountability, although there are still challenges in its implementation evenly across regions. The contribution of this research is to provide a deeper understanding of the role of educational evaluation in increasing accountability and to provide recommendations for the development of a more effective evaluation system in Indonesia.

This study aims to analyse the implications of digitalisation trends in business management on curriculum and teaching methods in educational institutions. Using a qualitative research design with a case study approach, the unit of analysis is a business management education program at several universities in Indonesia that have adopted technology in teaching. Data sources were obtained through interviews with education managers, lecturers, and students, as well as analysis of related policy and curriculum documents. The data collection techniques used were semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis, while the data were analysed by thematic analysis methods to identify key themes related to digitalisation in education. The research findings show that despite the awareness of the importance of digitalisation, many educational institutions struggle to integrate technology thoroughly into their business management curriculum. The contribution of this research is to provide insight into the challenges and opportunities faced by educational institutions in adopting digitalisation, as well as offer recommendations for the development of technology-based curricula that are relevant to the needs of the digital business world.

This research aims to examine marketing ethics in online advertising in the digital age, focusing on the controversies and ethical dilemmas that arise related to the use of consumer data. Using a qualitative research design with a case study approach, the unit of analysis is companies that are active in digital marketing through online advertising. Data sources were obtained through interviews with digital marketing managers and decision-makers, as well as analysis of existing policy documents and marketing practices. The data collection techniques used were semi-structured interviews, observations, and document analysis. The data was analysed using thematic analysis methods to identify key themes related to ethical dilemmas in digital marketing. The research findings show that while companies recognise the importance of marketing ethics, many still ignore the transparency and explicit consent aspects of consumer personal data collection. The contribution of this research is to provide insight into the need for a clearer ethics policy and the application of transparency principles in online advertising, to maintain consumer trust and minimise ethical violations in the digital era.

This research aims to analyse the transition from traditional to online learning in business schools, as well as explore the controversies and challenges faced in this transition process. Using a qualitative research design with a case study approach, this research analysis unit is a management education program in business schools in Indonesia. Data sources were obtained through interviews with program managers, lecturers, and students, as well as analysis of related policy and curriculum documents. The data collection techniques used were semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis, while data analysis was carried out by thematic analysis methods to identify the main patterns in the application of the two learning methods. The research findings show that while online learning offers flexibility, many students and lecturers still prefer face-to-face learning for more interactive and in-depth teaching. The contribution of this research is to provide insight into how business schools can adopt a hybrid approach that combines traditional and online learning to maximise teaching effectiveness and meet the evolving needs of the world of work.

This research aims to explore the role of innovation in public sector governance and policy in building competitive advantages at various levels of government. Using a qualitative approach, this study takes a unit analysis of local governments in Indonesia that have implemented technology-based policies and innovations in public governance. The research design used is a case study by collecting data through semi-structured interviews with public policy managers, observation, and analysis of related policy documents. The data analysis technique applied is thematic analysis to identify the main patterns related to the application of innovation in public management. The findings of the study show that local governments that successfully implement technology and data-based policies have improved service efficiency, transparency, and community participation, which strengthens their competitive advantage. The contribution of this research is to provide insight into the importance of integrating innovation in public sector governance to increase regional competitiveness and provide better services to the community.

This research aims to analyse the role of technology in improving financial management education, as well as how technology-based approaches are changing the way teaching and learning in this field are conducted. Using a qualitative research design with a case study approach, the unit of analysis is some of the universities in Indonesia that have integrated technology in their financial management education programs. Data sources were obtained through interviews with program managers, lecturers, and students, as well as analysis of curriculum policy documents. Data collection techniques were carried out through semi-structured interviews, observations, and document studies, while data analysis used thematic analysis methods to identify key patterns in the application of technology in financial management education. The research findings show that technology not only improves the quality of teaching but also makes it easier for students to understand complex material and improve their analytical skills. The contribution of this research is to provide insights into how technology can be a key driver in changing approaches to financial management education that are more innovative and in line with the needs of today's job market.

This study aims to examine the controversy of online education policies in response to changes in the learning system in Indonesia. Using a qualitative research design with education policy analysis units and stakeholder experiences, this research involves interviews with policy makers, educators, and students as the main data sources. Data collection techniques include semi-structured interviews, observation, and analysis of relevant education policy documents. The data were analysed using a thematic analysis approach to identify key issues related to online education policy, implementation challenges, and public perception. The research findings show that while online education offers flexibility, these policies still face constraints related to infrastructure, digital divide, and teaching readiness. The contribution of this research is to provide in-depth insights into the dynamics of online education policy in Indonesia and its impact on a more inclusive and sustainable learning system.

This study aims to identify and analyse the adaptation strategies implemented by business schools in maintaining their resilience during economic downturns. The approach used is qualitative research with a case study design, where the analysis unit includes universities in Indonesia that have business education programs. Data sources were obtained through interviews with education program managers, lecturers, and students, as well as analysis of education policy and curriculum documents. Data collection techniques were carried out through semi-structured interviews, observations, and document studies, while data analysis used thematic analysis methods to identify key themes related to adaptation strategies carried out by business schools. The research findings show that business schools that are more successful in dealing with crises are those that adopt digital technologies, formulate flexible policies, and increase industry involvement in curriculum development. The contribution of this research lies in a deeper understanding of adaptation strategies that can increase the resilience of business schools during economic crises.

This study aims to explore changes in the teacher evaluation system in Indonesia and their impact on improving the quality of teaching. This study uses a qualitative research design with an analysis unit on the policy of changing teacher evaluation, its implementation in schools, and its impact on teaching quality. Data sources were obtained through interviews with principals, teachers, and education supervisors, as well as direct observation in several schools that have implemented performance-based evaluation systems. Data collection techniques were carried out by semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and documentation studies, while data analysis used a thematic analysis approach to identify key themes related to the effectiveness of evaluation in improving teaching quality. The findings of the study show that although performance-based evaluation systems can increase teacher motivation, their implementation still faces challenges related to limited resources and training. The contribution of this research is to provide insight into the importance of a sustainable and competency-based evaluation system to improve the quality of teaching, as well as provide recommendations for the development of more effective education policies in Indonesia.

This research aims to explore changes in social education in Indonesian schools and their impact on improving students' social awareness. This study uses a qualitative design with an analysis unit on social education policies, teachers, and students in several elementary and secondary schools. Data sources were obtained through interviews with principals, social education teachers, and students, as well as direct observations in the classroom. Data collection techniques were carried out by semi-structured interviews, observations, and documentation studies, while data analysis used a thematic analysis approach to identify key themes related to the influence of social education on students' social awareness. The findings of the study suggest that although social education curriculum changes aim to increase social awareness, their implementation is constrained by a lack of training for teachers and limited resources. The contribution of this research is to provide insight into the importance of social education in shaping students' social awareness, as well as offer recommendations for improving social education policies in Indonesian schools.

This research aims to explore the trend of online learning in secondary schools and how it increases the use of technology in the learning process. This study uses a qualitative design with the analysis units being students and teachers in several secondary schools that implement online learning. The data source was obtained through in-depth interviews with teachers and students, as well as observations on the implementation of online learning in the classroom. Data collection techniques include semi-structured interviews and participatory observations, while data analysis is carried out with a thematic analysis approach to identify the influence of online learning on the use of technology in learning. The research findings show that online learning increases student engagement in the use of technology, although there are still challenges related to digital access and skills. The contribution of this research is to provide insight into the application of technology in online learning in secondary schools and how it can be maximised to improve the quality of education.