Environmental education at an early age is a strategic step to shape children's character who care about the sustainability of nature. This article examines the role of simple but meaningful activities, namely coloring used buckets and planting green beans, in fostering environmental awareness in PAUD children. By using an experiential learning approach, children not only learn through theory, but also experience the recycling and planting process directly as a form of contribution to the environment. This study was conducted through a literature study of relevant literature in the fields of early childhood education, environmental education, and experiential learning approaches. The results of the study show that this activity is able to instill the values of sustainability, responsibility, and social awareness from an early age.

.SOE Synergy policy has drawn significant attention over the years due to its potential to create conflicts with the principles of fair competition. However, the provision still remains, particularly regarding direct appointment as stipulated in Article 155 paragraph (2) letter j of the Minister of SOE Regulation Number PER-2/MBU/3/2023 concerning Guidelines for Governance and Significant Corporate Activities of SOEs. This doctrinal research, presented descriptively based on secondary data obtained through a literature review of various legal materials, aims to examine the perspective of competition law on the SOE Synergy policy in the context of direct appointment as stated in the aforementioned regulation. Specifically, this research seeks to analyze whether the provisions on direct procurement in the regulation comply with the provisions of Law Number 5 of 1999 concerning the Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition. The findings suggest that the direct appointment provisions in Article 155 paragraph (2) letter j of the regulation may create barriers to entry for other businesses and potentially stifle fair competition. The regulation on SOEs Synergy should be complemented by more detailed provisions on the implementation mechanism to ensure that the objectives of the policy can be achieved efficiently while maintaining a fair competition. Furthermore, a thorough cooperation between the Ministry of SOE and the Competition Commission is needed to ensure its adherence to the principles of fair competition.

This research aims to analyse the application of Maqasid Shari'ah principles in the services of Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) in Makassar City and its impact on customer satisfaction. This research uses a qualitative approach with normative juridical, normative theological (shar'i), and sociological methods. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation with BSI and customers, as well as secondary data from related literature. The research findings show that BSI is committed to implementing maqasid shari'ah through services that prioritise the benefit, social justice and welfare of the people, such as the shari'ah education financing programme and worship services. Despite challenges related to the public's understanding of shariah banking, the majority of customers are satisfied with services that comply with shariah principles, despite complaints about mobile applications and ATM access. The implication of this study is the need for further development in customer education and improvement of service facilities to further optimise the implementation of maqasid shari'ah, as well as providing insights for shari'ah financial institutions in improving services that are more equitable and in accordance with Islamic principles.

This study aims to identify and analyze the factors contributing to the low learning interest of students in Christian Religious Education in Grade IV at SD Negeri Handaka, East Sumba. The background of this research stems from the phenomenon of many students showing a lack of interest in participating in the learning process, which leads to low classroom participation and suboptimal academic achievement. This issue is concerning because Christian Religious Education is not only intended to transfer religious knowledge but also to build character and instill spiritual values in students. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, using observation, in-depth interviews with teachers and students, and documentation as data collection techniques. The findings reveal several key factors affecting students' low interest in learning. First, the lack of positive interaction between teachers and students leads to ineffective communication and students feeling neglected. Second, teachers’ inability to effectively use educational technology results in monotonous and conventional learning experiences. Third, the lack of varied teaching strategies fails to actively engage students. Fourth, the limited availability of learning media and tools, such as visual aids or digital devices, becomes a significant obstacle. Additionally, poor time management in classroom activities contributes to students’ boredom and disengagement. These findings highlight the need for concrete efforts from various stakeholders. Teachers must receive training in using technology-based teaching tools and in developing engaging, interactive teaching strategies. Strengthening interpersonal relationships between teachers and students is also crucial for creating a supportive and motivating learning environment. By applying contextual and constructivist-based learning approaches, it is expected that students will become more motivated and enthusiastic in learning. The implications of this study are expected to serve as a reference for teachers, schools, and policymakers to improve the quality of Christian Religious Education, making it more relevant, interactive, and enjoyable for students.

The objectives of this study include: To determine and describe the improvement of reading ability and through the method of Synthetic Analytical Structure (SAS) of Indonesian Lessons of students; and to determine and describe the obstacles faced by teachers in improving reading ability through the method of Synthetic Analytical Structure (SAS) of Indonesian lessons of class II students of MI Diponegoro Kalikudi. The type of research used is field research with a qualitative approach. Based on the results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that: 1) Improving the ability to read Indonesian lessons through the Synthetic Analytical Structure (SAS) method in class II of MI Diponegoro, namely by preparing planning, implementing learning and evaluating learning. The planning stage includes preparing all learning tools such as RPP, while the implementation of learning includes learning activities in the classroom, and the final activity is evaluation, namely to see the extent to which students understand the learning that is being studied in this case is reading; the obstacles faced by lower class students, in this case class II, are that students have not been able to follow reading and writing learning well from the constraints of the SAS method, including: 1). The SAS method takes more time and must be more creative; 2). Causes children to memorize readings without recognizing letters; 3). Requires many facilities that must be prepared for the implementation of this SAS learning method for certain schools is considered difficult; 4). This SAS Learning Method tends to be quite difficult for children to be taught by teachers.

This study aims to determine the suitability of internal control in the cash receipt and cash disbursement system of SMK Pesantren Pembangunan Muhammadiyah Tana Toraja with the components of internal control according to experts, one of which is according to Widjajanto, the components tested in this study are the organizational structure that clearly separates functional responsibilities, the authority system and recording procedures, healthy work practices, employees whose quality is in accordance with their responsibilities. The variables of this study are: the internal control system of cash receipts and disbursements as a single variable using qualitative methods. The population of this study is the internal control system of cash receipts and disbursements of SMK Pesantren Pembangunan Muhammadiyah Tana Toraja, while the sample is the internal control system of cash receipts and disbursements of SMK Pesantren Pembangunan Muhammadiyah Tana Toraja for the last year of the 2020 period which was taken using data collection and data analysis techniques. Data collection was carried out by interviews (using Internal Control Questionnaires), observation and documentation. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative descriptive (ICQ and flowchart). The results of this study indicate that the internal control system for cash receipts and disbursements at SMK Pesantren Pembangunan Muhammadiyah Tana Toraja is not fully in accordance with the application of internal control elements contained in the theory that is guided by the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Financial Management at SMK Pesantren Pembangunan Muhammadiyah Tana Toraja.

This study aims to examine the implementation of Jesus' exemplary role as a Great Teacher in the Christian Religious Education learning process in fifth grade at SDN 38 Pahauman. Jesus is seen as a teacher who not only conveys knowledge but also instills noble spiritual values, character, and integrity in His students. Jesus' exemplary role, such as compassion, patience, firmness, humility, and the ability to teach teachings with real life, is an inspiration in the world of education, especially in Christian religious learning. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection techniques through observation of the learning process, interviews with Christian Religious Education teachers and students, and documentation of learning activities. The results of the study show that teachers strive to apply Jesus' exemplary role in every aspect of learning, both verbally and nonverbally. For example, teachers demonstrate compassion and patience in dealing with students who have different backgrounds and characteristics. Teachers also instill the values of firmness in enforcing discipline and use a contextual teaching approach, so that the teaching material can be more easily understood and applied by students in their daily lives. However, the implementation of Jesus' exemplary values still faces challenges, particularly in terms of consistent teacher behavior and a lack of support from the overall school environment. Several factors, such as limited time, teacher administrative burdens, and a lack of continuing education, also hinder the deep internalization of Christian values. The implications of these findings are the importance of training and strengthening the capacity of spiritual teachers so they can continue to be true role models for students. Furthermore, creativity is needed in integrating Gospel values into the learning process to shape students' overall character in accordance with Christ's example.

This research is motivated by the low learning motivation of students despite participating in MBKM programs such as Merdeka Student Exchange (PMM) and Kampus Mengajar. This phenomenon is seen from the fact that there are still students who are not diligent in studying, do not show strong interest in their field of study, and are not yet encouraged to complete lecture assignments well. This becomes an important reason for researchers to examine further whether there is an influence from these two programs on students' learning motivation. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the influence of PMM and Kampus Mengajar Programs on the learning motivation of Economics Department students, Universitas Negeri Medan. This research uses a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires through a Likert scale questionnaire. The number of respondents was 52 students selected through purposive sampling technique, namely students who had participated in one or both programs. The results showed that both partially and simultaneously, the PMM and Kampus Mengajar Programs had a significant influence on students' learning motivation. The t-test showed that PMM had a significance value of 0.042 and Kampus Mengajar had 0.002, both below 0.05. The F-test simultaneously showed a significance value of 0.001. The multiple regression equation obtained was Y = 29.047 + 0.145X₁ + 0.184X₂, and the coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.552, meaning that 55.2% of the learning motivation variable is explained by PMM and Kampus Mengajar. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that student involvement in the PMM and Kampus Mengajar Programs has an influence on increasing the learning motivation of Economics Department students, Universitas Negeri Medan. Thus, participation in both programs becomes one of the important factors contributing to students' internal drive in undertaking the educational process.

This study aims to identify the implementation of Google Lens in PPKn learning at SMP Negeri 35 Medan, to see the effectiveness of using Google Lens in improving students' understanding of PPKn material, and to identify the obstacles faced in its use as a learning medium in the classroom. The main problem raised is the lack of student interest in PPKn learning, which is caused by the conventional teaching approach and the limited interaction of students with the material visually and contextually, so that the understanding of important concepts is less than optimal. This research method uses a qualitative approach with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) design. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that Google Lens has been implemented in PPKn learning, making a positive contribution to increasing student interest and understanding through independent and interactive exploration of the material. However, several obstacles were found such as limited internet infrastructure and the need for teacher adaptation in integrating this technology optimally. Google Lens has proven effective in facilitating access to visual and contextual information, which has an impact on increasing student independence and understanding. The implications of this study highlight the potential of Google Lens as a valuable asset in education in the digital era and the need for infrastructure support and the development of innovative teaching strategies.

This study aims to examine the strategies used by Islamic Education (PAI) teachers in fostering a religious culture in class XI-2 at SMAN 1 Palangka Raya. The background to this study is the increasing moral degradation among teenagers due to the massive negative influence of social media, resulting in a lack of spiritual character building in public schools. As a preventive measure, the school has attempted to take steps to foster a religious culture. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The subjects of this study include: 2 PAI teachers, and the informant: the school principal. The research findings indicate that the PAI teachers' strategies include fostering religious activities, teacher role modeling, integrating religious values into learning, and collaborating with parents. These strategies have proven to enhance religious participation and strengthen students' spiritual character. Challenges faced include limited mosque facilities and the influence of digital media, but these can be addressed through digital innovation and educational institution support. This study recommends strengthening school-parent collaboration, enhancing teacher capacity, and developing worship monitoring technology to support the effectiveness of religious education in public schools.

This research aims to develop and implement a project-based civic education model integrated with local wisdom to improve elementary students’ social participation. The background of this study stems from the lack of student engagement in Civic Education (PKn), which is often taught in a theoretical and non-contextual manner. This study employs a mixed-method approach using classroom action research in a fourth-grade class at a public elementary school. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, documentation, and learning outcome tests. The findings indicate that project-based learning activities rooted in local values such as cooperation, mutual respect, and environmental care significantly enhanced students' social awareness and active participation in school and community life. Students were more engaged, collaborative, and empathetic. The results suggest that integrating local cultural values within project-based learning provides meaningful experiences that support the goals of Civic Education. This model can serve as an alternative instructional strategy aligned with the Merdeka Curriculum and the Profile of Pancasila Students framework.
 

This study explores the representation of adolescent trauma through the character of Hannah Baker in Thirteen Reasons Why by Jay Asher. Using a qualitative descriptive method with a psychological literary analysis approach, the research applies Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory and the concept of complex trauma to investigate how environmental systems contribute to psychological deterioration. The analysis identifies five levels microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem that each fail to provide the support Hannah needs, ultimately leading to her emotional collapse. Key findings reveal that direct peer betrayal, institutional neglect, weak family-school communication, cultural normalization of victim-blaming, and cumulative unresolved trauma collectively influence the protagonist's declining mental health. The study demonstrates that trauma in adolescence is rarely the result of a single incident but rather the accumulation of systemic failures over time. The findings imply that educational institutions and communities must adopt trauma-informed frameworks and foster empathetic, interconnected support systems to protect vulnerable youth.

This article aims to describe the curriculum management strategies implemented at SMKN 1 Sungai Tabuk to improve the quality of graduates in alignment with the demands of the workforce. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with data triangulation techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The findings reveal that curriculum management is carried out systematically through planning, organization, implementation, and evaluation. In the planning phase, the school develops annual and semester programs, Learning Objectives Flow (ATP), and teaching modules aligned with the needs of the Business and Industrial World (DUDI). The organization of the curriculum involves teacher participation in ongoing training, professional learning communities, subject teacher working groups (MGMP), and industry internships. Curriculum implementation is supported by strategic partnerships through fieldwork practice programs and graduate placement facilitated by the School Job Placement Unit (BKK). Curriculum evaluation is conducted collaboratively by the curriculum development team and various school program teams, taking into account feedback from teachers, students, and industry partners. However, several challenges remain, including limited teacher innovation in lesson planning, inadequate facilities, and insufficient mastery of the Merdeka Curriculum approach. This study recommends enhancing teacher capacity, improving learning infrastructure, and strengthening collaboration among stakeholders in curriculum management to produce more competent and industry-ready graduates.

This study aims to analyze the extent to which artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are utilized by government institutions and companies in public relations (PR) practices, and to relate these findings to crisis management strategies. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, data were collected through surveys and interviews involving 23 institutions, consisting of 19 government agencies and 4 private companies. The results show that ChatGPT is the most widely used AI tool (56%), followed by Gemini (34%) and QuillBot (14%). Most other tools showed low usage rates, with a high percentage falling under the “unknown” category, indicating limited information and awareness regarding AI technologies within PR environments. These findings have strategic implications in the context of crisis management, as the speed and accuracy of information dissemination are highly dependent on technological adaptability. The integration of AI tools into public communication systems can serve as both a preventive and responsive solution to reputational and operational crises. Therefore, policies are needed to enhance digital literacy and provide technical training on AI utilization for PR practitioners in both the public and private sectors.

Student motivation is an important factor that influences student engagement and academic achievement. Although many studies have examined learning motivation in classroom settings with non-interactive presentation media, limited research has explored how gamification affects motivation and learning outcomes in economics education. This study investigates the impact of using Blooket—a game-based learning platform—on students’ motivation and academic performance in economics classes during the 2024/2025 academic year. The study aims to: (i) evaluate the impact of Blooket on students’ learning motivation, (ii) assess the impact of Blooket on students’ learning outcomes. Data were collected through questionnaires and tests involving 40 high school students divided into experimental and control groups. The findings revealed that students taught using Blooket demonstrated significantly higher motivation and better learning outcomes compared to those taught using traditional methods. This study highlights the impact of the gamification medium 'Blooket' in fostering a more engaging and motivating learning environment, offering practical insights for educators seeking to enhance student participation and performance through digital tools.

This study aims to examine the level of participation of Catholic Youth (OMK) in spiritual activities, identify the factors contributing to their low involvement, and formulate strategies that parents can implement to foster OMK's enthusiasm for church engagement. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, involving eight informants consisting of active OMK, inactive OMK, and their respective parents. Data were collected through interviews and observations, and analyzed in three stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification.The findings reveal that active OMK demonstrate strong attendance at Mass, active involvement in youth leadership roles, and stable spiritual growth. In contrast, inactive OMK show low participation due to a lack of internal motivation and weak parental support. Active parents have a positive influence through their role modeling, shared prayer, and open communication about faith.In conclusion, parental involvement plays a critical role in shaping OMK's participation and spiritual development. A consistent approach to family-based spiritual formation is essential to encourage greater youth involvement in the life of the Church.

The study evaluated the impact of learning media on student outcomes at Red Nose Foundation's circus classes in North Jakarta. It highlighted the importance of innovative and interactive media, especially in non-formal arts education, to improve understanding, skills, and motivation in mastering circus techniques. This research utilized a quantitative approach with simple regression analysis, selecting a purposive sample of 54 circus students from a total population of 119. Data was gathered using a closed questionnaire that had been validated and tested for reliability. The analysis indicated a significant positive impact of learning media on student learning outcomes. The coefficient of pearson corelation (R) was 0.974, indicating that 97,4% of the variance in student outcomes can be explained by the learning media used, with other factors influencing the remainder. In conclusion, learning media is crucial for enhancing learning outcomes in circus classes. Red Nose Foundation should continue developing relevant and tailored learning media that align with circus material and student needs. Additionally, instructors should receive training to use these media innovatively and effectively, ultimately improving learning efficiency and helping students achieve optimal results.

Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in Indonesia has a long history, reflecting the dynamics of social, political, and cultural changes from the colonial era to the digital era. During the Dutch colonial era, Islamic education experienced strict restrictions, while during the Japanese occupation, it was given more flexible space even though it was full of ideological interests. After independence, PAI underwent a significant transformation with its official entry into the national education system, accompanied by the formation of the Ministry of Religion as an institution managing religious education. In the digital era, Islamic education faces new challenges in the form of unverified religious information flows, so that digital literacy becomes important in maintaining the integrity of Islamic teachings. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a library research method. Data were obtained from academic literature, regulations, and official government documents and educational archives. The analysis technique used is content analysis with a focus on identifying patterns of development of Islamic Religious Education in Indonesia from the pre-independence, post-independence, to the contemporary era based on technology. This study also examines the challenges faced in each period and how Islamic education responds to these changes adaptively and contextually. The results of the study show that Islamic Religious Education continues to evolve both in terms of policy and pedagogical approach. From traditional forms such as Islamic boarding schools that focus on teaching classical books, to a formal education system based on the national curriculum, and now towards digital technology-based innovation that supports reflective and contextual learning. Thus, Islamic Religious Education in Indonesia shows its resilience as an important instrument in the formation of relevant Islamic character and identity amidst the challenges of the times.
 
 

The presence of LGBT individuals (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender) in society has raised complex discussions, especially when viewed from the perspectives of Islamic law and human rights. Islamic teachings generally view same-sex relations and gender transitions as actions that deviate from the moral and natural order established by religious texts. In contrast, the human rights framework emphasizes individual dignity, personal freedom, and the right to non-discrimination, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity. This article seeks to explore the intersection of these two perspectives, not to provoke conflict, but to offer a balanced understanding rooted in empathy, justice, and social awareness. Using a qualitative normative approach, this research examines Islamic legal sources, national regulations, and international human rights documents. The study finds that while Islamic law maintains clear normative boundaries, there is still room for inclusive dialogue and respectful engagement, especially in multicultural societies like Indonesia. Bridging these two frameworks requires not only legal analysis but also cultural sensitivity and ethical responsibility.

The Effect Of User Satisfaction, E-Learning Platform Quality, And Resource Availability On Learning Achievement Of Economics Subjects At State High School 1 Karanganom. This study aims to determine the effects of user satisfaction, e-learning platform quality, and resource availability on student achievement in Economics at SMA Negeri 1 Karanganom. The research used a quantitative approach with a survey method and purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires and achievement tests, validated by Economics Education lecturers and high school teachers. Multiple regression analysis was employed. The results indicate that both user satisfaction and e-learning platform quality have a significant effect on student achievement. Meanwhile, resource availability does not show a positive influence, but it still has a significant effect on learning outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing user experience and digital platform quality to support effective learning strategies.

This study aims to determine the effect of organizational involvement on students’ learning behavior at Universitas Negeri Medan. The research is motivated by the observation that student participation in campus organizations may have both positive and negative impacts on academic learning. A quantitative method with an ex post facto approach was employed. A total of 163 students were randomly selected from the population of active members across 12 Student Activity Units (UKM). Data were collected using a closed-ended questionnaire with a Likert scale. The results showed that students' level of organizational activity was generally high, with the majority classified under the "high" category. Meanwhile, the learning behavior of students actively involved in organizations was categorized as "fairly good", with an average score of 79. Based on regression analysis, a negative and significant effect of 15.8% was found between organizational involvement and learning behavior. This means that the more active students are in organizational activities, the more likely their learning behavior declines. These findings highlight the importance of time management and academic awareness to help students balance organizational commitments with their learning responsibilities.

This study aims to examine the extent to which the role of product and service quality in influencing consumer decisions to make purchases at Karsa Utama. This study applies a quantitative approach with data collection techniques through surveys. Data processing was conducted using multiple linear regression analysis with the help of statistical software. The results of the analysis show that both product quality and service quality have a significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions. Partially, product quality has an effect of 39.6% and service quality of 26.3%. Simultaneously, the two independent variables contributed 65.9% to consumer purchasing decisions, while 34.1% was influenced by other factors outside this study. This finding indicates that improving product and service quality can directly encourage consumers' tendency to make purchasing decisions.

This research was motivated by the researcher's interest in studying the application of the Wafa method in introducing the hijaiyah letters to early childhood at Darul Ilmi Kindergarten. The Wafa method is a learning approach that uses the Quantum Teaching concept with the Tandur pattern, which is an acronym for Tumbuhkan, Alami, Namai, Demonstrate, Ulangi, and Celebrate. This pattern is designed to meet the needs of introducing the hijaiyah letters to early childhood. The purpose of this study was to determine how the Wafa method is applied in introducing the hijaiyah letters to early childhood at Darul Ilmi Kindergarten. The main focus examined in this research is (1) how is the Wafa method implemented in Darul Ilmi Kindergarten? This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis techniques applied include data reduction, data presentation and verification. The results of the research show that: the application of the Wafa method in Darul Ilmi Kindergarten refers to activities that have been prepared by the Wafa Center and the introduction of hijaiyah letters using the Wafa method helps young children recognize hijaiyah letters which are in accordance with their makhraj and tajwid. This shows that the Wafa method makes it easier for children to recognize hijaiyah letters, as seen from learning activities, the teacher's activeness in teaching, and the learning results obtained.

Poverty is a complex social issue, particularly in underdeveloped areas like Karangpatihan Village, which is known as the "Kampung Idiot" due to the high number of residents with intellectual disabilities. This study aims to explore the role of social support in poverty alleviation in the village. A qualitative research method with a case study approach was used, involving interviews with the village head, the head of the community empowerment group, and the residents. The findings show that the community of Karangpatihan receives various forms of social support, such as emotional, instrumental, informational, and friendship support, which encourage their participation in productive economic activities. The role of local institutions, particularly the village government and Rumah Harapan Karangpatihan, has proven significant in creating a social environment that supports empowerment. This study reveals that the transformation of habitus from dependency to independence can be achieved through sustained social support, which has important implications for more effective and inclusive poverty alleviation.

Penilaian pembelajaran bahasa Arab sering kali tidak tepat sasaran dan terkesan sangat menoton sehingga menghasilkan output yang membuat peserta didik gagal berpikir dengan tingkat tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghadirkan wujud baru dalam penilaian pembelajaran bahasa Arab dengan output berupa meningkatkan daya berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik dengan gaya pembelajaran yang holistik. Dalam proses pelaksanaannya penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis studi dokumen atau teks. Analisis data dilakukan dengan empat tahapan yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan terakhir penarikan kesimpulan. Selanjutnya sajian data berupa temuan penilaian pada pembelajaran mahārah istimā’ disajikan dalam bentuk naratif dan bergambar. Penyajian data dilakukan untuk menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penilaian pembelajaran istimā’ pada buku bahasa Arab kelas VI yang diterbitkan oleh KSKK Kementrian Agama RI  sangat menoton dan tidak mengarah pada tujuan pembelajaran Hots. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi berupa megembangkan penilaian pembelajaran bahasa Arab pada buku tersebut dengan berbasis Hots

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of guided inquiry learning model assisted by animation media on students' learning motivation and high-level thinking skills in geography learning. This study was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Seririt with subjects of grade XI students. The experimental class and control class were selected using simple random sampling techniques from equivalent pairs based on previous equivalence tests.The research design used was pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. The research sample was a pair of equivalent classes, namely class XI 8 consisting of 34 students as the experimental class and class XI 5 consisting of 33 students as the control class. Data collected through observation, tests, questionnaires, documentation. Research data were analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The results of the study showed that: (1) The implementation of the guided inquiry learning model assisted by animation media in geography learning can be applied with very good criteria (88.75), (2) The guided inquiry learning model assisted by animation media is classified as effective in increasing student learning motivation with an experimental class N-Gain index of 0.69> control class N-Gain index of 0.091; and quite effective in increasing students' high-level thinking skills with an N-Gain index of 0.65> control class N-Gain index (0.13). The results of this study have implications for the importance of promoting the application of guided inquiry learning models assisted by animation media to geography teachers to improve students' learning motivation and also students' high-level thinking skills in geography learning.

This study aims to provide an overview of children's learning behavior, the factors influencing it, and how the subjects interact with tutors and peers in the teaching and learning process within the non-formal learning community Sahabat Pelangi in Manado. The research specifically compares children who are still attending school with those who have dropped out. A qualitative approach was employed using a phenomenological method. The researcher served as the main instrument to explore the children's subjective learning experiences. The research subjects consisted of two 11 y ear old children with different educational backgrounds. Data collection techniques included observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman's model, which involves data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Observations were conducted in social situations within the non-formal learning environment. The results show that children's learning behavior is influenced by motivation, environmental support, and the educational structures available to them. Children who are still in school tend to demonstrate more independent, structured, and active learning behaviors, supported by the roles of family and school. In contrast, children who have dropped out of school show a high but unstable interest in learning and rely heavily on the community as an alternative learning space. This study highlights the importance of learning communities as a form of inclusive education, particularly for children living in vulnerable social and economic conditions

This study aims to quantitatively test the impact of using audiovisual media in learning Al-Qur'an interpretation on students' understanding. This study was motivated by the low level of students' understanding observed when the interpretation material was delivered through conventional teaching methods. Using a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design, this study adopted a pretest-posttest model involving an experimental group and a control group. The sample consisted of 62 students, divided into an experimental group exposed to audiovisual media and a control group taught through traditional lectures. Data collection instruments included questionnaires and comprehension tests given before and after the intervention. The results of the t-test analysis revealed a significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.05), indicating that the use of audiovisual media had a positive and significant effect on improving students' understanding of Al-Qur'an interpretation.

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between parenting patterns and students' social interactions in students' learning motivation at Smal Negeri 1 Tilalmutal Kalbupalten Boallemo. The research approach used in this study is a qualitative approach using a descriptive research method. The data used are primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires to students of XI IPS D at Smal Negeri 1 Tilalmutal Kalbupalten Boallemo. The number of samples in this study was 58 respondents with a random sampling technique. The data collection techniques in this study were: Observation, Questionnaires and Documentation.The results of this study indicate that the X1 variable of Parenting Patterns and the X2 variable of Social Interaction have an effect on Student Learning Motivation at SMAL Negeri 1 Tilalmutal by 43.6%. While the rest is influenced by traffic variables that were not studied in this study.

This study aims to describe the types of sarcasm found in the comment section of the TikTok account @vadelbadjideh, the types of posts that receive the most sarcastic comments, and the illocutionary speech acts contained in those comments. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, employing documentation techniques by capturing screenshots of comments from the most viewed video posts. The data were analyzed using a pragmatic approach based on Charles Morris’s theory and classified according to Elizabeth Camp’s sarcasm types and Searle’s speech act categories. The results show that lexical sarcasm is the most commonly used form by netizens, followed by propositional sarcasm, sarcasm with the word "like," and illocutionary sarcasm. Viral and controversial posts—such as videos featuring unique movements or connections to public issues—attract the highest number of sarcastic responses. The most frequent illocutionary acts found are assertive and expressive types, indicating that social media users employ sarcasm to express opinions and emotions. This research contributes to understanding the dynamics of digital communication and the role of sarcasm in shaping social interactions on social media platforms.

The focus of this research is to examine the relationship between body image and social acceptance towards the self-confidence of Instagram users. This study uses a correlational quantitative approach with data collection techniques utilizing interviews, questionnaires, and psychological scales in the form of Likert scales. The population and sample of this research are students S1 from the Faculty of Education and Psychology who are Instagram users. The validity test of this study is supported by the Statistical Product and Services Solutions (SPSS) version 26 using the Pearson product-moment formula. The instrument's validity is measured based on the correlation significance test > at a significance level of 5%. The research results show that body image, social acceptance, and self-confidence of Instagram users among undergraduate students of the Faculty of Education and Psychology at Universitas Negeri Semarang are in the moderate category. Body image and social acceptance have a relationship with self-confidence of 56%. The remaining percentage is influenced by predictors or other variables that were not examined in this study.

The legal protection of well-known trademarks in Indonesia still faces various challenges, especially in overcoming passing off actions that can harm trademark owners and mislead consumers. The doctrine of likelihood of confusion becomes the main instrument in determining the extent to which the similarity of a brand can cause confusion among consumers. This research aims to analyze the implementation of legal protection of well-known trademarks from the act of passing off in Indonesia, focusing on the Golden Goose case. The research method used is doctrinal legal research with a statute approach and case approach. The data used is secondary data obtained through a literature study of legal regulations, court decisions, and relevant academic literature. The results show that although Indonesia has adopted the doctrine of likelihood of confusion in the Trademark Law, its application still faces various obstacles. The first to file system adopted in trademark registration opens up opportunities for parties with bad intentions to register trademarks that resemble well-known trademarks. This can be seen in the Golden Goose case, where another party registered a similar mark before the legal owner registered in Indonesia, triggering a legal dispute. The court eventually canceled the mark based on significant similarity and potential consumer confusion. This study confirms that it is necessary to strengthen the legal protection mechanism of famous marks, including increased supervision in trademark registration as well as strengthening regulations to prevent passing off.

Physics education is not only aimed at conveying abstract scientific concepts to students, but also to foster an understanding that science is rooted in and relevant to everyday life. One approach that can bridge physics education and everyday life is the ethnoscience approach. The ethnoscience approach in education is a strategy for creating a learning environment and designing learning experiences that integrate culture into learning. This study aims to examine the values ​​of physics in the Nias Stone Jump tradition as an opportunity for physics learning media for students at the secondary school level. By using descriptive qualitative methods and narrative literature review analysis, this study identified various journals and papers that show that local traditions in learning. The results of this study indicate that the Nias Stone Jump tradition has the potential to be an effective learning media to improve students' understanding of physics concepts and analysis in the learning process.
 

Critical thinking skills refer to the ability to analyze assumptions, distinguish hidden values, evaluate evidence, and assess conclusions. This study aims to develop students' critical thinking skills by implementing the Susan Loucks-Horsley (SLH) learning model. The type of research conducted is pre-experimental with a one-shot case study design. The research was carried out in the 2020 Science Education Study Program, Class A, at Hasyim Asy’ari University, with a total sample of 33 students. The subject matter in this study was light reflection. Data collection was conducted using essay tests based on critical thinking skill indicators. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that the students' average critical thinking ability was 85%, categorized as very high, with 22 students in the very high category and 11 students in the high category. The average mastery of critical thinking indicators also fell into the very high category, with the following details: elementary clarification (96%), the basis for decisions (82%), inference (75%), advanced clarification (89%), and supposition and integration (83%).

This study aims to examine the legal implications of court decisions that have obtained permanent legal force (inkracht) on the validity of changes to birth certificate data. Amendments to civil documents such as birth certificates do not merely involve administrative issues but also directly affect an individual’s legal status. In practice, many people face obstacles when seeking data corrections, especially when discrepancies arise between existing data and supporting documents. This research employs a normative juridical approach by analyzing laws and regulations, legal doctrines, and a case study of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Decision No. 587 K/Pdt/2021 as the primary focus. The analysis centers on the legal reasoning adopted by the panel of judges in granting the request for data correction, and how the decision binds the civil registration authority to execute the ordered amendment. The findings reveal that a court decision with permanent legal standing serves as a crucial legal instrument to ensure the validity and legality of population data changes. Moreover, this legal mechanism reinforces civil protection within the national administrative framework. The study also recommends enhancing coordination between judicial institutions and civil registry offices to streamline data correction procedures and prevent legal uncertainty. In this regard, the study provides an academic contribution to the development of administrative law and the protection of citizens' legal rights.

This study aims to examine the development of language and literature in the learning process. This research includes descriptive qualitative research using sociolinguistic approach. Sources of data in this study is a junior high school class IX. Research data in the form of student speech in the learning process. Data collection is done through observation technique and record. Data analysis is done through three stages of the flow model, ie data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results showed that it can be concluded that (1) condition of Indonesian language development in learning process in SMP Negeri 1 Bontomarannu still less attention. This condition is seen from the tendency of students to mix the use of Indonesian language with the mother tongue (Makassar language) when the learning process takes place; (2) Factors contributing to the low level of Indonesian language development in the learning process at SMP Negeri 1 Bontomarannu, namely the lack of containers to develop the language and literature, the lack of awareness of language development in schools, and the strong influence of the use of regional languages; (3) Based on the factors causing the low level of Indonesian language development then the efforts that can be taken to improve the Indonesian language development in the learning process in SMP Negeri 1 Bontomarannu is to provide a container to nurture the creativity of students, restrict the use of English, local languages, and slang language in formal communications, and conduct language extension activities outside the language and literature months.

The integration of technology in language education has significantly influenced how teachers assess students' language skills. This library-based study explores the role of Quizizz, a gamified online assessment platform, in supporting the integration of language assessment with the four major language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Drawing on recent scholarly literature published between 2020 and 2025, the study identifies the platform’s strengths in assessing receptive skills through multimedia-supported tasks and real-time feedback. It also highlights the motivational effects of gamification, including increased learner engagement and reduced language anxiety. While Quizizz has limitations in evaluating productive skills, the findings suggest that these can be addressed through blended approaches that combine Quizizz with other digital tools. The study concludes that, when implemented creatively, Quizizz can serve as an effective formative assessment tool in modern, learner-centered language classrooms.
 

Balai Pungut village has a lot of tourism potentials that could be develop to attract visitors more. A SWOT analysis that used in this study to evaluate how well strategies for developing tourism are working. The main goal of this research is to create a development strategy for the Tepian Batang Mandau destination site, while identifying the supporting and also inhibiting factors in that strategy. This research uses a qualitative approach and was carried out in Desa Balai Pungut, Pinggir District, Bengkalis Regency. The data collection was done through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data was then analyzed using SWOT analysis. The result shows that development strategies for Tepian Batang Mandau has been going well. Efforts have been made to improve its appeal, developed the better access, add some supporting facilities, and collaborate with the government to attract visitors more. From the SWOT analysis, absolutely that Tepian Batang Mandau has strong natural resources, which is a big advantage. However, there are still several weaknesses, especially in terms of supporting infrastructure. Some of the issues include a lack of clean water, limited lighting at the site, no directional signs to guide visitors, lack of cleanliness, and the unavailability of entrance tickets. These problems could make it harder for the site to grow and attract more tourists. On the bright side, the development of the site is supported by its tourism potential, its natural appeal, and the active involvement of local communities. Which said, there are also a lot of obstacles, such as poor infrastructure, low investment, lack of environmental awareness, limited skilled human resources, overlapping regulations, weak promotion, and lack of collaboration with investors. This study recommends that the community and local government should be cooperate to preserve the beauty of the site and take a good care of the existing facilities. This cooperation could be a main strategy in helping the Tepian Batang Mandau tourist destination grow and thrive.

This study aims to describe the mathematical representation abilities of Grade XI students focusing on the topic of compound interest. Mathematical representation is one of the essential competencies in mathematics education, encompassing visual, verbal, and symbolic forms. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected through essay-based tests and in-depth student interviews. The study population consisted of Grade XI students from SMA YP Unila Bandar Lampung. The findings revealed that most students were unable to accurately represent the concept of compound interest. Common errors included inaccuracies in modeling compound interest growth and a tendency to apply arithmetic approaches instead of exponential ones. These findings indicate that students’ mathematical representation abilities—particularly in symbolic and verbal forms remain low. Therefore, strengthening instructional strategies that support the structured and meaningful development of mathematical representation skills is necessary.

The global energy transition, marked by a shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy, reflects a major transformation in the structure of global geopolitical power. Indonesia plays a strategic role in this process through its reserves of critical minerals such as nickel and copper, which are essential components in clean energy technologies, including electric vehicles and solar panels. This study aims to analyze Indonesia’s role in the global clean energy supply chain using the approaches of geopolitical economy and resource nationalism. These approaches allow for a deeper understanding of the dynamics of identity, sovereignty, and the distribution of benefits within global resource contestation. A qualitative method is employed with a naturalistic approach and literature review to interpret Indonesia’s policies, geopolitical position, and mineral resource utilization in a contextual manner. The analysis reveals that while Indonesia holds significant bargaining power as a key supplier, it still faces major challenges in the form of regulatory gaps, environmental risks, and pressure from the global trade system. The findings imply the need for stronger resource governance, economic diplomacy, and cross-sector policy integration to ensure that Indonesia can optimally play its role in the global energy transition.

In the book Matnul Ghoyah wat Taqrib by Imam Abu Syuja’ Al-Isfahani, the concept of character formation is discussed in this study. This fiqh book, which is concise and easy to understand, is intended for beginners in Islamic teachings who want to get closer to Allah SWT. Character formation in this book emphasizes the importance of moral and spiritual values ​​to be used as a foundation in daily actions, both in the relationship between humans (habluminannas) and Allah (habluminallah). This study shows that, in addition to increasing justice in muamalah, the moral quality of fiqh education can increase integrity, dependability, self-control, and social responsibility. This can prevent unfair practices and increase public trust. In addition, this book emphasizes important aspects of religious character, which include living in harmony, tolerance, and obedience in worship. There are values ​​of Islamic character education such as self-awareness, sincerity, optimism, hard work, and concern for the environment. This study combines a qualitative descriptive approach with a library research approach to strengthen the analysis. It is hoped that this study will significantly advance the Islamic-based character education system in Indonesia. This will also be an important reference for educators, researchers, and practitioners of character education in the modern era.

This paper examines the dynamics of Eid al-Fitr celebrations at the Niujie Mosque in Beijing as a representation of the lived experiences of multiethnic Muslim communities in China. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach and case study methodology, the research highlights how Muslims from diverse ethnic backgrounds—such as Hui, Uighur, and Kazakh interact and engage in cultural integration while celebrating Islamic traditions amid the dominance of Chinese culture and a tightly controlled political system. As the oldest mosque in Beijing, the Niujie Mosque serves not only as a spiritual center but also as a symbol of harmony between Islamic teachings and local traditions. The Eid celebration here functions as a religious occasion as well as a site of social interaction, cultural diplomacy, and identity negotiation. The findings reveal that the Muslim community in Beijing maintains its religious identity through adaptive acculturative practices, such as incorporating local architecture, serving halal Chinese dishes, and involving multiple ethnic groups in religious activities. These findings affirm that Islam in China is not monolithic but rather flourishes in diversity and blends organically with local culture.

Plastic waste is one of the most pressing environmental issues in Indonesia's coastal areas, including in Jepara. This study aims to describe how project-based and contextual Social Sciences (IPS) learning can strengthen social values and environmental awareness through ecobrick campaigns by 6th grade students of SDN Tanggultlare. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, involving five students as the main subject, and a classroom teacher as a supporting informant. Data collection techniques include observation, semi-structured interviews, and visual documentation. The results of the study show that ecobrick campaign activities are collectively able to foster the value of responsibility, mutual cooperation, environmental concern, and effective communication between students. These findings confirm that social studies learning based on real action and local contexts can be a means of internalizing meaningful social values at the elementary school level.

Principal This study aims to analyze the principal's leadership management in building the character of students at SD Negeri 27 Palembang. Student character is an important aspect in education that not only focuses on academic achievement, but also the formation of a strong and ethical personality. The principal has a strategic role in managing resources, creating a conducive learning environment, and implementing character values in every aspect of learning. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of the principal, teachers, and students. The results of the study indicate that the leadership of the principal at SD Negeri 27 Palembang contributes significantly to the formation of student character through habituation programs, extracurricular activities, and role models provided by educators. However, there are several obstacles such as lack of parental involvement and limited supporting facilities. In conclusion, effective principal leadership management plays an important role in building the character of students. A more optimal strategy is needed, including increasing communication with parents and strengthening school-based character education programs.

This study aims to explore the protection mechanisms for victims of sexual violence in Islamic boarding schools, with a special focus on the tragic case that occurred at the Yayasan Manarul Huda Islamic Boarding School in Bandung. Between 2016 and 2021, 13 female students were victims of sexual violence by the boarding school owner, and nine of them gave birth to children. This case highlights the weakness of the protection system in Islamic boarding schools and the imbalance in power relations between kyai and students. This study uses a qualitative approach through a literature study method to analyze legal documents, journals, and relevant reports related to child protection and sexual violence in religious educational institutions. The results of the study indicate that the main factors that exacerbate the situation are the lack of a safe reporting mechanism, the lack of technical regulations governing child protection in Islamic boarding schools, and a patriarchal culture that silences the voices of victims. This study also found the importance of the involvement of families, communities, and state institutions in building a preventive, responsive, and curative child protection system. Recommendations include the formation of internal policies in Islamic boarding schools, the establishment of a child protection task force, and active cooperation with external institutions such as the Ministry of Religion and the Indonesian Child Protection Commission. A confidential reporting system and regular training are needed for all parties in the Islamic boarding school to create a safe and dignified learning environment.

 
This study focuses on strategies to prevent stunting prevalence, which to date have shown inconsistent results. Several previous studies have stated that stunting prevalence cannot be prevented optimally because it is influenced by other factors, such as early marriage and low family literacy. This study uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interview techniques with a number of key informants, including families, community leaders, and health workers. The purpose of the interviews was to gain a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of stunting prevention efforts. The research findings show that the mechanism for preventing stunting prevalence is starting to show improvement. However, these efforts will be more optimal if there is synergy between families, community institutions, and the government in providing education, especially regarding the negative impacts of early marriage. Multi-party collaboration is an important key in building collective awareness and strengthening efforts to prevent stunting sustainably.

This study aims to (1) determine the feasibility of Audio Visual-based learning media in the subject of Basic Automotive Engineering Works (PDTO) at SMK Negeri 8 Purworejo, (2) to determine the increase in learning interest of class X TBSM students at SMK Negeri 8 Purworejo after using Audio Visual-based learning media. The data collection technique in this study was by distributing questionnaires. This study used the Research and Development (R & D) method with the research subjects taken being class X TBSM students at SMK Negeri 8 Purworejo totaling 36 students. The results showed a difference in learning interest in students at SMK Negeri 8 Purworejo between classes that did not use audio visual media and classes that used audio visual media for the subject of Basic Automotive Engineering Works (PDTO), namely a percentage of 73.33 was obtained and in the second data collection or research using audio visual learning media, a percentage of 86.38 was obtained, there was a significant increase of 13.05. From the increase in learning interest, it can be concluded that using audio-visual learning media can increase students' learning interest, especially in the subject of Basic Automotive Engineering Work, basic competency of mechanical measuring instruments.

One of the demands of the 1998 Reformation spirit is the abolition of the Dual Function of ABRI. The presence of the TNI in the civilian realm that is humanist and deliberative for consensus raises various problems because they are educated with doctrines for war and national defense. The phenomenon of ABRI's Dual Function reappeared due to the Revision of Law Number 34 of 2004 concerning TNI. The revision also affects the position of the TNI in the Indonesian State System. This study is to find out how the position of the TNI in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia and how the implications of changes in the TNI Law on the Indonesian constitutional order, as well as provide conclusions and suggestions based on the findings that have been researched. The method used is normative juridical research with descriptive and qualitative approaches through literature study. The results showed that the position of the TNI is in accordance with the mandate of the Constitution, namely as a tool to defend, protect, and maintain the integrity and sovereignty of the state. The occupation of the TNI in the civilian sphere is certainly not in accordance with the mandate of the constitution, especially the rigid TNI approach and one command is considered incompatible with the needs of a humanist society and consensus. In conclusion, the occupation of the TNI is not appropriate in the civilian sphere because they are educated with doctrines for war and national defense. As a result, the presence of the TNI in the civilian sector can cause various problems and incongruities.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran gaya bahasa dalam memperkenalkan masakan tradisional Bali kepada wisatawan internasional melalui media promosi digital. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan sumber data utama berupa teks promosi pada laman Agoda.com yang memuat narasi tentang beberapa kuliner khas Bali. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa gaya bahasa yang digunakan mencakup personifikasi, hiperbola, dan metafora. Selain itu, ditemukan empat fungsi utama dari gaya bahasa, yaitu fungsi estetika, persuasif, ekspresif, dan identitas. Fungsi-fungsi ini berkontribusi dalam menciptakan citra kuliner Bali yang menarik dan otentik di mata wisatawan mancanegara. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa gaya bahasa memiliki kekuatan retoris dan kultural yang signifikan dalam mendukung promosi pariwisata berbasis warisan budaya

The authoritative document entity commonly referred to as the Certificate of Ownership (SHM) is legally constructed as a supremacy manifestation of the dominant right to geocadastral space, as determined by the legislative norm of lex generalis contained in Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Agrarian Principles (UUPA). Terminologically, Article 20 paragraph (1) of the UUPA affirms that the dominant right is an absolute hereditary prerogative and has the highest legal density in the agrarian civil structure. This study is intended as an academic examination of the legal empire of the SHM document which was born from a legal substratum that experienced validity dysfunction, using the doctrinal paradigm of the principle of Nemo Plus Juris ad alium transferre potest quam ipse habet. This research is articulated through a doctrinal-normative legal approach based on the explication of positive legal literature and judicial jurisprudence. The results of the investigation conclude that the SHM entity derived from the legal anomaly-affected legal basis does not have normative validity that can be constitutionally maintained. The internality of the Nemo Plus Juris principle shows that legal actors do not have the authority to transfer rights that are not legally attached to them, so that the legal alienation process by the defendants in the form of a sale and purchase is null and void in material law. The implication is that the plaintiff's legal standing as a legal subject with land rights that are previously legally valid has the legitimacy to file an administrative cancellation of the SHM and reconstruction of the ownership status to the entity that is legally entitled. The judicium issued by the Panel of Judges at the Tondano District Court in the a quo case has substantially been in line with the principles of proportionality and legality, and has utilized legal instruments as a protective medium for the existence of legitimate agrarian rights. This confirms the supremacy of law in maintaining the integrity of the national land system from manipulative penetration based on flawed formalities of the right base.

This study aims to enhance fine motor skills in grade B students at Hati Elok Kindergarten. The hypothesis proposed in this study is that there will be an improvement in the fine motor skills of grade B students at Hati Elok Kindergarten after they have been given training in weaving activities using natural materials. After participating in the weaving training, fine motor skills will be greater than before participating in the weaving activities. The research method employs quantitative research with a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The population of this study consists of students in class B at Hati Elok Kindergarten. The sampling technique used is saturated sampling, where all members of the population are included as samples. Data analysis in this study utilized the Wilcoxon Test. The results of the study indicate that weaving activities using natural materials are effective in improving fine motor skills in grade B students at Hati Elok Kindergarten, with a significance value (asymp. Sig. 2-tailed) of 0.0025. Since the value of 0.0025 is less than 0.005, the hypothesis in this study is accepted. The conclusion of this research is that weaving activities using natural materials are effective in enhancing the fine motor skills of grade B students at Hati Elok Kindergarten.

This study aims to analyze and understand the problem of corruption in government procurement of goods and services in Indonesia. Corruption in this sector has become a serious issue, considering its detrimental impact on state finances and the people's economy. The research method used is normative juridical, with a statutory approach that refers to applicable regulations. The results of the study indicate that the factors that influence corruption include weak planning and budgeting processes, lack of transparency and accountability, and inadequate law enforcement. In addition, overlapping authorities and high procurement costs also contribute to corrupt practices. This study concludes that to overcome the problem of corruption in government procurement of goods and services, a comprehensive reform of the procurement system is needed, including increasing transparency, accountability, and public participation. In addition, strengthening law enforcement and implementing stricter sanctions against perpetrators of corruption are very important to create a conducive climate for clean and efficient procurement. The recommendations resulting from this study are expected to be a reference for policy makers in creating a procurement system that is more transparent, accountable, and free from corruption, collusion, and nepotism (KKN).

This study aims to analyze educational planning at SMK IT Minnatul Huda in Purwakarta Regency with a focus on the suitability of the majors offered with the needs of the workforce. It was found that there was a significant mismatch between the expertise programs offered and the employment profile in the local area, which caused many graduates to have difficulty in getting jobs that match their fields of study. The research method used was a qualitative approach with a case study method, through in-depth interviews with various stakeholders, including schools, teachers, alumni, as well as observation and analysis of related documents. The results of the study indicate that existing educational planning is not yet based on systematic labor market needs data and there is weak active collaboration with the Business World and Industry (DUDI). This study recommends the need to develop a better employment data collection and analysis system, increase partnerships with DUDI, and implement the Indonesian National Work Competency Standards (SKKNI) in the curriculum. With these steps, it is hoped that SMK graduates can be more ready to work, adapt to the dynamics of the labor market, and contribute to the development of competitive human resources in Indonesia.

Horse racing is a tradition that is still ongoing and is favored by the people of Sumbawa Island in general, one of which is the Bima community who knows this tradition as a jara pacoa which is ridden by children aged 5 (five) to 12 (twelve years), known as the little jockey. These young jockeys have become part of the ongoing tradition since before the regulation regarding the provisions of the age of children regulated in the law and is still undergoing the same tradition when the laws and regulations have regulated the provisions of the age of children and their rights and obligations in Indonesia. The study was conducted by doctrinal method with literature study. Writing data uses secondary data derived from written legal material, books and scientific work, which then the authors complete with observations, and interview results. The right of the community to maintain the tradition and its cultural values is protected by the law, as well as the rights of children, in the tradition of jara Pacoa can be a forum for children to excel, not exploited if the government makes regulations and more serious regulations both for protection of children and the Pacuan arena.

A contract is an agreement by which two or more people bind themselves to each other, and one of the most common types of contract in everyday life is a sale and purchase. This sale and purchase agreement can be made in writing or verbally. In the community in Pasemah Air Keruh district, the oral agreement has become a custom and tradition that is used as a basis for making oral agreements. However, in oral agreements it is very vulnerable and easy for the parties to default and the legal force of this oral agreement is difficult to prove. The purpose of this research is to find out how the oral sale and purchase agreement of rice harvest is implemented by the community in Pasemah Air Keruh Subdistrict, and to find out how disputes are resolved when there is a default in the oral sale and purchase agreement in Pasemah Air Keruh Subdistrict. The method used in this research is Empirical Juridical. The method of analysis in this research uses qualitative methods. The results of this research are the implementation of the sale and purchase agreement carried out by the community of Pasemah Air Keruh Subdistrict based on trust and has become a habit in the community, this oral sale and purchase agreement is supported by an open system in Book III of the Civil Code, which adheres to an open system. The settlement of disputes that occur in the community of Pasemah Air Keruh Subdistrict is resolved by means of family consultation.

This study aims to analyze the Implementation of the Policy of the Directorate General of Islamic Education Circular No. 10 of 2024 concerning the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) at the Tarogong Islamic Boarding School, Garut Regency, and its impact on students' learning motivation. Education, especially in Islamic boarding schools, requires special attention regarding adequate nutritional access for students, which has a significant impact on the learning process. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a case study design, which allows researchers to explore in depth the experiences and perceptions of students, teachers, Islamic boarding school leaders, kitchen managers and parents regarding this program. The results of the study indicate that this policy has a positive impact on students' learning motivation, where the majority of students reported increased enthusiasm and concentration in participating in learning after receiving nutritious food intake regularly. However, there are challenges in its implementation, such as the quality of distribution and the need for training for supporting staff. This study provides recommendations for related parties to improve collaboration between educational institutions, local governments, and logistics providers for the sustainability of the program, as well as implementing evaluation mechanisms to improve aspects that are less effective. In conclusion, the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) not only functions as a nutritional intervention, but also as an important strategy in improving the motivation and learning achievement of students in Islamic boarding schools.

This research focuses on evaluating the performance and development strategy of the Coastal Fisheries Port (PPP) in Kota Agung, located in Tanggamus Regency, Lampung Province. The results reveal that both internal and external elements influence the port’s activities and overall effectiveness, with organizational aspects emerging as a key determinant. Hypothesis testing confirms that the organizational factor (X2) has a significant effect on port performance (Y). Through the application of USG and SWOT analysis, several critical challenges were identified: (1) the need to optimize supporting facilities to enhance service quality and fish catch, (2) the necessity for funding to rehabilitate and revitalize existing land for better usage, and (3) the importance of improving fishermen's skills to support environmental sustainability around the port area. In light of these insights, the study recommends a more systematic management approach for PPP Kota Agung, emphasizing organizational improvements, efficient use of facilities, and capacity-building programs to boost performance and strengthen the port’s competitiveness.

Science literacy is an important 21st century competency, but Indonesian students' ability in this aspect is still low. Based on PISA results, Indonesia is ranked 68th, with only 34.16% of students reaching level 2, far below the OECD average of 75.51%. One of the factors causing this is the lack of variety of learning media used by teachers. This study aims to describe the development process, validity, effectiveness, and practicality of the Adventure of Si RAMA with Augmented Reality media in improving the science literacy of elementary school students. The research used the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model. The stages in this development research include identification of potential and problems, analysis, product design, design development and product validation, product revision, product trials, and evaluation. The validation results showed very high scores from material experts (90%), learning design (94%), and media (95 The effectiveness of the media is seen from the T Test results which resulted in a sig. value of 0.000, which is smaller than 0.05, which indicates that this media is effective in improving science literacy. Practicality assessment from students reached 89% and from teachers 92%, both of which were in the very practical category. Thus, this media is worth using as an innovative learning alternative to support the improvement of science literacy in elementary schools.
 

This study discusses the implementation of SWOT analysis as a strategic tool in education management to improve the quality and effectiveness of educational institutions. The main focus of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness, challenges, and best practices of the implementation of SWOT in the context of educational institutions in Indonesia. Through the literature study method, data is collected from various literature sources such as scientific journals, policy documents, and research reports. The results of the study show that SWOT analysis is able to provide a comprehensive overview of the internal (strengths and weaknesses) and external (opportunities and threats) conditions of the institution, thus making it easier to formulate strategies based on real conditions. SWOT has been proven to encourage more adaptive, participatory, and data-driven strategic planning, as well as strengthen stakeholder involvement in the decision-making process. Nonetheless, the successful implementation of SWOT is highly dependent on data quality, managerial capacity, and the sustainability of follow-up from the analysis results. Challenges that often arise are subjectivity in assessment, lack of technical training, and limitations in integrating SWOT into the institution's long-term plan. This study contributes to strengthening the strategic management practice of education in Indonesia, as well as opening up space for further research on the integration of SWOT with other management models such as the Balanced Scorecard and quantitative analysis based on strategic matrices.

The rapid advancement of technology and globalization presents challenges for the education sector, particularly in shaping students' character and social skills. Islamic education in the digital era must adapt to learning methods that not only focus on cognitive development (hard skills) but also emphasize the enhancement of soft skills, which include social, emotional, and spiritual aspects. The hybrid IT-based learning method emerges as an innovative approach that integrates face-to-face learning with digital technology to enhance the effectiveness of Islamic education. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the hybrid IT-based method in shaping students' soft skills at SMP Islam Al Azhar Sragen and SMP Islam Al Abidin Surakarta, as well as to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach using a comparative study method, with data collected through observations, interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that the implementation of hybrid IT-based learning significantly contributes to the development of students' soft skills, such as communication, teamwork, independence, leadership, critical thinking, and responsibility. Key supporting factors include technological infrastructure, teachers’ readiness to utilize digital media, and a school environment that upholds Islamic values. On the other hand, inhibiting factors include limited technology access for some students, low digital literacy among students and parents, and challenges in objectively assessing soft skills. This study provides new insights into the effectiveness of the hybrid IT-based method in Islamic education and offers strategic recommendations for its optimization. The findings are expected to serve as a reference for Islamic schools in developing learning models that align with modern educational advancements while preserving Islamic values in character building.

The purpose of this study was to (1) analyze the ability of students of class VIII of SMPS Muhammadiyah 1 Medan in writing review texts without using the pair checks learning model, (2) analyze the ability to write review texts in class VIII of SMPS Muhammadiyah 1 Medan using the pair checks learning model, (3) determine the effect of the pair checks learning model on the ability to write review texts in class VIII students of SMPS Muhammadiyah 1 Medan. This study involved all class VIII students totaling 351 students, with a sample of 69 people divided into two classes: a control class of 35 students and an experimental class of 34 students. This study used the quasi-experimental type of experimental method and the Posttest-Only Control Design research design. Data analysis techniques used such as analysis requirements test, normality test, and hypothesis test. The results of the study showed that the average ability to write review texts without using the pair checks learning model got a score of 69 which is included in the sufficient category. For the average value of the ability to write review texts using the pair checks learning model got a score of 81 which is included in the good category. Based on the results of the t-test that has been carried out, the results obtained show that the ability to write review texts using the pair checks learning model has a significant impact, as evidenced by the t-test value > t-table (7.617 > 1.996), indicating the influence of the pair checks learning model on the ability to write review texts in class VIII students of SMPS Muhammadiyah 1 Medan.

Technological development undoubtedly affects various aspects of life, with technology being introduced to provide convenience and save time. In response to the changing times, society must grow and adapt accordingly. Educational digitalization is a form of adaptation to technological advancement, aiming to facilitate access to knowledge. However, several challenges must be addressed in this digital era, such as unequal access to technology, limited devices and network infrastructure, and the varying readiness of human resources. This research employs a qualitative approach using the library research method. This method was chosen to allow the researcher to review and analyze relevant sources in order to understand how educational management can respond to the challenges posed by digital transformation. In Indonesia, educational digitalization is no longer merely a technical issue but has become part of the national policy agenda, as it plays a key role in the broader transformation of the education system. To face these challenges, educational management is required to take on a strategic role in designing and implementing policies that can effectively respond to ongoing issues. While digitalization offers various conveniences and efficiencies, its implementation still faces considerable obstacles, particularly in terms of infrastructure readiness, the competence of human resources, and school-level management capacity.

Based on observations that have been made by researchers at Lebah Pembelajar Mandiangin Koto Selayan Elementary School, it shows that in helping the learning process of Islamic Religious Education for children with spesial needs there are problems in it. The purpose og this researchh is to find out that problems a shadow teacher experienced. This research is a descriptive qualitative research with interviews, observation and documentation. Data collection techniques, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. Based on the result of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that shadow teacher experience problem in helping chidren with spesial needs, namely the problem of providing material, achieving learning objective, giving motivation, supervising the concentartion of children, controlling children’s behavior and problem in collaborating with parent of children with special needs, the efforts made and the importance of establising good cooperation and communication in very obstacle experienced, namely cooperation with the homeroom teacher of class 4. Islamic religious education subject teachher, the principal and of course communication related to the child’s problems to the child’s parents.

This study aims to analyze the understanding concepts of student to solve mathematical question in the trigonometry. The approach used in this research is a qualitative approache with the type of descriptive research. The population in this study were XI MIPA 1 MAS Al-Falah Klender Jakarta Timur in the 2023/2024 school year. The sample in this study was 20% off all state Madrasah Aliyah in Klender sub-district in Jakarta Timur which were selected by non-probability sampling technique with a type of purposive sampling. Data collection techniques used in this study by giving a test, the stages in this study are the stages of preparation, implementation, data analysis, preparation of research reports. The result of the research conducted at the Jakarta Timur Madrasah Aliyah can be concluded that the ability of class XI MIPA 1 MAS Al-Falah students to solve mathematical questions in the form trigonometry research 70,97%. That means the ability of students can be categorized as good.
 

This research was conducted in Bungaraya Village, Bungaraya District, Siak Regency, Riau Province. The aim was to determine the learning motivation of elderly people in the literacy program in Bungaraya Village, and to determine the results of the literacy education program in Bungaraya Village. This research method uses descriptive qualitative research methods and data collection using in-depth interview techniques, direct observation and documentation. With a total of seven subjects coming from the community, with the condition that subjects other than village people include transmigrants who have lived in the village for decades, and are deemed capable of defining and explaining a problem solving process based on existing facts. The theories used are social action theory and motivation theory. Field research found that the learning motivation of elderly people in literacy programs is quite high and the results of literacy programs are very effective in eradicating cases of illiteracy. The government, administrators and tutors work together to continue efforts to eradicate illiteracy. The literacy program is an effective step for the government to always pay attention to its people in social, development and educational matters.

Annulment of a marriage is an action that states that the marriage bond that has been entered into is invalid according to the court's decision. The result is that the marriage is considered to have never existed. A marriage can be annulled if it does not meet the legal requirements. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with an empirical normative approach. The purpose of this paper is to understand the factors that cause marriage annulment and the legal consequences of marriage annulment on the status of children. The results of this research are that the effect of marriage annulment on the status of the child resulting from the marriage is called "my status" meaning that the child is not decided by the father and not decided by the mother, but remains a legitimate child. In child care, if the child is under 12 years old, the mother will care for him, whereas if the child is over 12 years old, the child can decide to go with his father or mother. So the child's status is called "my status".

Researchers conducted research at MTsN 01 Solok against the background of the current many complaints from educators regarding the teaching of Al-Qur'an Hadith material, especially in terms of reading the Al-Qur'an. This research aims to find out how many students still do not read the Al-Qur'an fluently and the efforts made by teachers to overcome this problem at MTsN 01 Solok. These problems are researched using descriptive qualitative research methods which are aimed at describing and analyzing phenomena and events, social activities, attitudes, beliefs, thoughts of people individually and in groups using field research. To analyze the data, researchers grouped it based on existing problems. Based on the findings of research conducted by researchers, it shows that several obstacles faced by students at MTsN 01 Solok regarding Tutoring for Learning to Read and Write Al-Qur'an, one of which is that many of the students are not correct in pronouncing Makhorijul letters, fluency in reading Al-Qur'an. -Qur'an, provisions on recitation and methods in writing the Koran. The efforts made by the teacher in tutoring to read and write the Al-Qur'an before starting learning are that the teacher applies before starting the first 10 minutes of learning, students are asked to read the Al-Qur'an in turns and other students listen before learning begins.

Demo stands for demonstration which refers to the act or process of showing, demonstrating, or explaining something to others. It can be a live action or a presentation to illustrate how something works, how a product or service is used, or how a concept or idea is implemented. A demonstration is an act or attempt to show or demonstrate something, whether in the context of expressing an opinion, spraying a message, or conveying information to a public audience. Demonstrations are often conducted by groups or individuals to create awareness, influence change, or communicate a particular message. This research has several main objectives, namely to understand the initial chronology that led PMII to conduct a demonstration at the Lumajang district government office, the district government's reaction or response to the protest against the Lumajang regent and the chairman of the DPRD, the content of the messages conveyed by PMII during the demonstration, and the efforts or solutions proposed to overcome the problem. The research methods used include news analysis and field research.
 
 

This research is entitled "Causes of Sexual Orientation Choices in the Gay Community in Kendari City". The aim of this research is to reveal and describe in the life history the causes of sexual orientation choices among gays in Kendari City. There were ten informants for this research, and there were seven informants who were willing to tell in the form of a life history the reasons for being gay. Data collection in this research is direct research in the field using ordinary observation methods, ordinary interviews, and in-depth interviews to search for life history data. The results of this research show that there are several factors that cause them to choose to be gay. Such as the sexual abuse he experienced since childhood, the lack of love he received from his parents, especially his father, the harsh upbringing he received from his parents as a child, and environmental factors, and also past trauma as a victim of sexual violence and abuse.

Manners are a form of morals that must be owned by Muslims and is a culture of Indonesian society that needs to be upheld when socializing with other people. This study aims to describe the stages of cultivating polite values ​​through the Tahfidz Al-Qur'an program at SMPN 3 Kinali. This research is a type of field research, namely research with a qualitative approach. Subjects or key informants in this study were Tahfidz teachers and supporting objects or informants were students. To obtain research data, researchers used a set of interview guidelines and observation guidelines as research instruments. Data collection techniques used in this study are observation, interviews and documentation. While the data analysis technique used is using data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that there are three stages in inculcating the character values ​​of courtesy by the tahfidz teacher for students through the Al-Quran Tahfidz program at SMPN 3 Kinali, namely: First, the moral knowing/learning to know stage (introduction of good values ​​and bad values). At this stage the teacher conveys good and bad values ​​through lectures in the form of presenting cases and delivering advice. Second, the moral loving/moral feeling stage (feelings of love and need for values). At this stage the teacher uses exemplary methods, giving physical touches and conveying inspirational stories from the time of the Prophets and Apostles. Third, the stage of moral doing/learning to do (implementation of good and bad values). This stage is carried out using the habituation method and giving rewards and punishments.

At SLB Muftia Rahma Tilatang Kamang there are problems regarding conducting PAI learning for children with special needs,because teachers have difficulty conveying subject matter because of the diverse students, teachers who have graduated from guidance and counseling education, lack of school facilities and infrastructure, many teachers are unable attend as well as students of different levels combined in one class. The type of research used is qualitative research. The teacher as a key informant and the principal of the SLB Muftia Rahma Tilatang Kamang school as a supporting informant. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data display and data verification. To test the validity of the data, source triangulation and technique triangulation were used. The results showed that the implementation of PAI learning for children with special needs at SLB Muftia Rahma teachers understood the characteristics of students, mastered the subject matter by applying approaches, strategies and learning methods, developed curriculum adapted to students' conditions, prepared lesson plans and used learning media, communicated with effective, empathetic and polite as well as evaluating with questions and answers and demonstrations. The problems faced by the teacher are conveying subject matter to students, inviting students to work together and managing time for students.

Jubung Village is a rural community located in Sukorambi Prefecture, Jember District. The research emphasizes the importance of the role of village devices inining social stability and providing public services in Jubung Village. The village system plays a crucial role in managing the governance of the village and improving the well-being of the community. However, they also face challenges and complexities in carrying out their duties and functions. In the village development perspective, the role of the village device becomes a key element in achieving the goals of sustainable development. This study uses the structural theory of functionalism proposed by Talcott Parsons. Society is seen by this theory as a system of interrelated parts to stability and balance. The purpose of this research is to find out how the role of village devices inining social stability and providing public service in Jubung Village. This type of research is qualitative descriptive research. The results of this research show that the Jubung Village device performs its role inining social stability and providing public service well.
 

The phenomenon of begging, which emphasizes the hope of other people's compassion by selling the image of 'poverty', has become a sustainable social ecosystem that is unbroken from generation to generation because it has become a separate 'lifestyle' which is then interpreted by the perpetrators as part of a "profession". The stigma then explores into a hereditary habit that is cultivated in a social environment that makes the phenomenon of begging the main livelihood and becomes part of the 'lifestyle'. Begging culture as mentioned above occurs in one of the social environments in Bondowoso Regency, East Java, which for generations has continued the ecosystem of begging culture and is commonly known as "Kampung Barak" which has now been transformed empirically and the area is now named "Kampung Baru", but unfortunately the continuity of begging culture is still maintained. The social ecosystem attracts the author's attention to explore the phenomenon of an uninterrupted begging culture (continuity) that occurs in the transformation of "Kampung Barak" to "Kampung Baru". This research was conducted using an ethnographic approach that studies the culture and daily life of a group or community with the aim of understanding the norms, values, and practices applied in the context of cultural things. Thus, it is hoped that this research can explore and understand in depth what causes the continuity of begging culture in the transformation of "Kampung Barak" into "Kampung Baru" and be able to provide solutions to break the begging culture ecosystem in the area.
 
 

The development of information and communication technology  brings changes to Indonesian society, especially social media.  The existence of a beautiful campus account is a digital media that continues to grow and has many followers.  This account displays a series of photos of beautiful female students with various beauty standards and demands in them.  The more this account develops, the more it will shape the construction of beauty in society.  However, behind that there are admins who get profits in the form of royalties from the endorsements that come in through the account.  Therefore, this sensitive issue creates pros and cons among students because it is considered a form of business that is carried out by taking advantage of beautiful women.  The purpose of this research is to find out the construction of beauty that exists in society and their definition of beauty.  This research uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach.  The research results show various responses regarding beautiful campus accounts and viewing beauty as an objective things.
 
 
 

The Covid - 19 pandemic is a disaster that occurs quickly and thoroughly. This pandemic affects not only health, but also the economic, cultural, social and political education fields. The existence of the Covid - 19 pandemic makes people live in conditions of risk. Society will face terrible threats such as the spread of viruses and other threats. The consequences of the emergence of the Covid - 19 virus have caused social anxiety in society. This raises serious concern because this virus is increasingly spreading, including in areas where there are few positive confirmed cases of Covid - 19 itself. There are so many threats of Covid 19 that great attention is needed for the perception of own risk in decision making. The current situation shows that society has become a risky society. Where people are at risk themselves are vulnerable people. Community life will be colored by risks that can affect society. This article tries to analyze the context of the covid - 19 pandemic in at-risk communities by using a sociological perspective of at-risk communities, especially in the covid - 19 pandemic. This Covid - 19 pandemic also shows that society is not ready to face the Covid 19 disaster which occurred as a whole and not a single country that can avoid the impact of Covid - 19. In addition, this article shows that the pandemic affects all classes in society and affects people from young to old

This writing is base on the problem of  the pastor’s inability the church to implement an effective community development program. Moreover, if this judged based on implementation of the chuch’s vision and mision, many churches are not accurate incarrying out spiritual formation properly. Another problem is the lack of time the congregation participates in a coaching program implemented in the church will affect the congregation’s lack of knowledge and understanding of God’s word, this will affect the spiritual quality of the congregation. The research method used in this paper is a descriptive qualitative study of literature by examining various literatures relating to subject matter discussed. Through in-depth study and analysis, it is hoped that the pastors will provide concrete steps in planning and conducting effective coaching of church members. The result of this reseach to provide strategic steps and models of spiritual formation that are accurate and measurable and are able to increase the understanding of God’s word and make the spiritually mature as measured by changes in behaviour.

Artikel ini membahas tentang bagaimana Perencanaan Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMA N 1 Pajar Bulan, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses Perencanaan Kurikulum PAI. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yakni melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data melalui tahapan data display, data reduksi dan data verifikasi. Untuk melihat keabsahan data maka penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi yang terdiri dari triangulasi sumber, triangulasi metode dan triangulasi waktu. Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa proses perencanaan kurikulum PAI sudah dilaksanakan dengan baik dengan memperhatikan tahapan-tahapan yang ada, juga keterlibatan dari semua stakeholders dalam prosesnya, seperti guru, supervisor, siswa dan unsur lainnya yang memiliki hubungan dengan kegiatan Pendidikan. Kemudian, landasan juga menjadi bagian penting dalam proses perencanaan kurikulum PAI, yakni landasan kekuatan sosial, perlakuan pengetahuan dan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan manusia.
 

Penelitian ini berawal dari observasi yang dilakukan peneliti terhadap pembelajaran Matematika di SDN Trutup 02 Plumpang Tuban. Dalam proses pembelajaran, guru belum memanfaatkan media pembelajaran sebagai sumber belajar. Guru hanya memberikan rumus/konsep yang harus dihafal siswa tanpa melibatkan siswa secara aktif untuk dapat memahami rumus/konsep tersebut dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran yang sesuai. Sehingga hasil belajar siswa masih kurang. Sehubungan dengan permasalahan tersebut, peneliti melakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan media lego warna bertingkat untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar penjumlahan bilangan bulat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan aktivitas guru, siswa, dan hasil belajar siswa terhadap pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan media lego warna bertingkat. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilakukan dua siklus, dan tiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan, tahap pengamatan, dan tahap refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi dan tes. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan media lego warna bertingkat dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan ketuntasan klasikal yang diperoleh pada siklus I sebesar 64% dan siklus II sebesar 88%. Selain itu, dari hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan adanya peningkatan aktivitas guru pada siklus I sebesar 71,15% dan siklus II sebesar 95,19%, serta adanya peningkatan aktivitas siswa pada siklus I sebesar 71,59% dan siklus II sebesar 94,89%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa materi penjumlahan bilangan bulat dapat diajarkan dengan menggunakan media lego warna bertingkat.
 

The film Bumi Manusia is a film derived from a novel by a writer who has a lot of history in Indonesia as well as literati, namely Pramoedya Ananta Toer or often called Pram. In making this novel, he tells the story of the Dutch East Indies colonialism that existed in Indonesia during the colonial period at that time. Various conflicts during the period of colonialism appeared with stories neatly wrapped by Pram. The creation of narratives in this novel is very much related to the problem of romance, humanity, instead of ideology that is contrary to Pancasila. Pramoedya Ananta Toer or known as Pram has many great historical works. In addition to making novels, Pramoedya Ananta Toer is also a poet. One poem that is familiar to the ear is Gerak Juang. This poem is also made in the novel Bumi Manusia. In addition, there is also a poem that he made entitled Selembut Metafora Hati. The purpose of making this paper is to analyze the moral values contained in the film Bumi Manusia. This film has the value of the spirit of the struggle of indigenous figures against and fights for the position of the Indonesian people against Dutch discrimination during the Dutch colonial period at that time. At that time Minke was a native who attended HBS, a school that only accepted European descent. However, Minke was able to go to school there because he was the son of a celebrity, clever and good at writing. This film was released before Indonesia's independence day so that the audience remembers and reflects on the indigenous struggles in the colonial era. The study was written using qualitative methods that show moral values in the film. This research is expected to increase knowledge and insights about freedom fighter figures. Researchers expect good results from readers through this study.

E-learning merupakan sebuah model pembelajaran baru yang di lakukan oleh pemerintah untuk menunjang kegiatan belajar siswa selama pandemi. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif.. Mengingat jumlah keseluruhan siswa lebih dari 100 orang maka peneliti mengambil sampel 25% dari jumlah keseluruhan populasi. Dalam penelitian ini sistematika pengumpulan data menggunakan sistem wawancara untuk mengetahui penggunaan model pembelajaran basis e-learning. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru melalui pembelajaran basis e-learning masih dinilai kurang maksimal, hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil angket sebesar 24,5% yang menunjukkan bahwa rendahnya minat siswa terhadap pembelajaran melalui model basis e-learning, 2) perhitungan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar akidah akhlak siswa atau nilai rata-rata adalah sebesar 89,8. dikategorikan sangat baik, 3) hasil pembahasan yang sudah disampaikan menunjukkan bahwa  tidak terdapat pengaruh pembelajaran basis e-learning terhadap hasil belajar akidah akhlak, hasil yang diperoleh sebesar 0,221. Dimana nilai signifikan lebih kecil dari “r” table, baik pada taraf 5% maupun pada taraf 1%.

The family is a place where God expresses His love through a relationship of mutual love, mutual respect and mutual care among all family members. God in His wisdom has given mankind the best model and way of maturing faith, namely through the role of parents as God's representatives to guide children. Given the many negative influences from the development of modern life, both through technology, culture and a free lifestyle that can undermine and hinder the growth of children's faith, every parent should realize that the task of fostering the spirituality of children is not the full responsibility of the church and teachers. -school teachers, but a joint task between parents and the church. The research method used in collecting data for the formation of this journal uses qualitative research with a descriptive analysis approach. It is called descriptive because it explains and describes carefully to get a clear picture. In the spiritual development of children, the most important thing is how faith grows in a child. In the growth of children's faith, parents play the most important role. Parents instill the attitude of a child who grows in the Christian faith.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan bagaimana efektivitas kemandirian belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika secara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yaitu kualitatif deskriptif. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 3 kelas yaitu kelas VII 10 siswa, kelas VIII 12 siswa, kelas IX 19 siswa SMPN 2 Amurang Barat. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan angket dan wawancara kepada 41 siswa. Data angket dalam penelitian ini memiliki 3 indikator yang terdiri dari inisiatif belajar, mendiagnosis pelaksanaan pembelajaran, dan kesulitan faktor eksternal. Hasil yang diperoleh antara lain pada indikator inisiatif belajar, siswa tidak bersemangat belajar matematika secara daring 51%, kurang bertanya kepada guru 41%, hanya menggunakan buku dari guru untuk belajar di rumah 37%, tidak semangat belajar walaupun dapat nilai rendah 51%, dan jarang hadir 20%. Indikator mendiagnosis pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran, penjelasan guru kurang menarik 73%, penjelasan guru sulit dipahami 32%, kurang mandiri dalam pembelajaran daring 61%, Pasif dalam kegiatan belajar 54%, pembelajaran membosankan 51%. Kesulitan faktor eksternal, tidak punya kuota internet 39%, tidak ada orang yang membantu mengerjakan tugas 20%, koneksi jaringan buruk 27%, lingkungan berisik 17%, tidak memiliki telepon genggam 27%. Wawancara kepada 3 siswa/siswi bahwa mereka mengalami kesulitan dalam proses pembelajaran daring sehingga tingkat keefektifan dalam belajar mandiri tergolong rendah. Wawancara dengan guru matematika SMPN 2 Amurang barat bahwa siswa sering terlambat memasukkan tugas karena internet dan kurang aktif dalam pembelajaran. Efektivitas kemandirian siswa dalam pembelajaran daring masih tergolong rendah.

 The purpose of this study is to provide an understanding of the importance of the role of students in fostering adults in Marbun Toruan Village, Baktiraja District. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method. The result of this research is that in student service, students have a very important task in fostering adults, namely by conveying Christian religious education to adults by providing an understanding of adult human maturation. Therefore, with this very important task, students must be equipped with knowledge and skills in managing maturity.

The discussion about the female figure has always been an interesting issue and invites pros and cons, especially when it is related to the issue of gender equality. Through the story method, it can be concluded that the stories of women in the Qur'an emphasize an ideal concept of gender equality. The story emphasizes that an achievement in the field of spiritual and professional career does not have to be dominated by one gender only. Women have equal opportunities and abilities with men in achieving, in the political, social, economic fields to education and professional careers. By presenting and re-exploring the moral values of this inspiring woman's story, it is hoped that the women of the millennial era will be able to present a new spirit in building a nation of character.
 
 

Wisata alam Genilangit berlokasi di Desa Genilangit dengan luas area 13 ha, memiliki banyak kelebihan seperti pemandangan yang memukau mata dan udara sekitar yang masih sejuk dan asri. Wisata alam Genilangit diurus oleh sekumpulan karangtaruna bernama Giri Putra Bhakti dibantu dengan warga Desa Genilangit yang ingin ikut serta dalam mengembangkan tempat wisata Genilangit ini. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam kelompok penelitian kualitatif yang berjenis penelitian deskriptif. Untuk memeperoleh data dan ketererangan-keterangan yang dibutuhkan dalam penelitian, peneliti menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data kuesioner/angket, wawancara, dan pemeriksaan dokumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan segala potensi yang ada di Genilangit, strategi pemasaran yang digunakan, bagaimana manajemen yang dilakukan oleh pihak pengelola Genilangit, dan dampak yang dihasilkan dari beberapa hal yang telah disebutkan tadi. Wisata alam Genilangit menjadi tempat pilihan penulis sebagai objek penelitian karena sistem dan manajemen yang digunakan sangat menarik untuk diteliti. Penulis ingin menunjukan bahwa bisnis dan olahraga tidak hanya berkaitan dengan penjualan dan penyewaan, bisnis dalam olahraga dapat juga berupa pengelolaan lingkungan yang tidak terpakai menjadi suatu lahan bisnis yang berkembang dan diminati masyarakat. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan konsep olahraga yang diterapkan oleh objek wisata Genilangit sangat bagus dan efektif, konsep olahraga rekreasi sangat berpengaruh terhadap jumlah kedatangan pengunjung.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan desain penelitian Pretest-Posttest Nonequivalent Group Design. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar ranah kognitif materi Aritmetika Sosial siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan siswa yang diajar dengan model Project Based Learning (PjBL). Subjek penelitian yaitu seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Tatapaan sebanyak 20 siswa yang dibagi dalam dua kelompok dipilih secara acak kelompok eksperimen 10 siswa diajar dengan model PBL dan kelompok kontrol 10 siswa diajar dengan model PjBL. Kesimpulan penelitian yaitu (1) Hasil belajar ranah kognitif materi aritmetika sosial siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model PBL memiliki nilai rata-rata 87,5 dengan standar deviasi 5,40 lebih baik dibandingkan siswa yang diajar dengan model PjBL dengan nilai rata-rata 83 dengan standar deviasi 6,32; (2) Terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar ranah kognitif materi Aritmatika Sosial siswa kelas VII SMP N 1 Tatapaan yang diajar dengan model PBL dengan model PjBL. Hal ini dibuktikan oleh nilai thitung lebih besar dari ttabel  yakni thitung=3,829 > ttabel=1,734; dan(3) Terdapat perbedaan penerapan model PBL dan PjBL dalam pembelajaran Aritmatika Sosial pada siswa SMP Negeri 1 Tatapaan.

Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan dan mengetahui profil kondisi fisik atlet olahraga Panahan senior di Kabupaten Ponorogo. Jenis penelitian menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif. Responden yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini ialah pelatih dan atlet Panahan senior Kabupaten Ponorogo. Proses dalam pengumpulan data diambil melalui tahapan observasi, tahapan angket, dan tahapan wawancara secara langsung untuk mendapatkan data terkait profil kondisi fisik atlet Panahan senior Kabupaten Ponorogo. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui cara observasi, Tes, dan wawancara. Adapun analisis data yang dipakai yakni reduksi data, penyaajian data dan penarikan sebuah kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menjabarkan bahwa berdasarkan 5 jenis Tes yang dilakukan terhadap atlet Panahan senior Ponorogo, diperoleh data yang menunjukkan masih kurang, hal tersebut didukung oleh pernyataan responden dalam wawancara bahwa latihan kondisi fisik tidak dilaksanakan selama pandemi. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini ialah profil kondisi atlet Panahan senior di Kabupaten Ponorogo masih sangat kurang yaitu pada 3 jenis tes diantaranya tes pull up, sit and reach, dan balke dengan presentase nilai sebesar 80% dan baik pada dua tes yaitu koordinasi mata tangan dan tes wall squat dengan presentase nilai sebesar 20%, sehingga perlu dilakukan peningkatan melalui berbagai latihan fisik agar mampu meningkatkan prestasi Panahan di setiap kejuaraan.

Every child has human rights, like the rights of adults, not many parties are involved in thinking and willing to take concrete steps to protect children's rights. Children are immature individuals, both physically and mentally, let alone socially. So that when compared to adults, it is clear that children will be more at risk of violence and neglect. Children can become victims of violence anytime and anywhere, including within their own families or in other words, children become victims of domestic violence. Whereas the family should be the safest and most comfortable place for children, comfortable and safe in terms of physical and psychological. In this case the state must really be present and provide protection for children, where children are the next generation of the Nation and State of Indonesia. If the safety and comfort of every Indonesian child is guaranteed, then this nation will have a good and superior generation so that it can make Indonesia a better country as a whole.

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya faktor-faktor yang terlibat dalam proses kegiatan pembelajaran. Namun, masih banyak guru yang kurang mempertimbangkan kreativitas siswa dalam pemecahan masalah dan hanya terpaku dengan hasil jawaban. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kreativitas siswa dapat menyelesaikan soal cerita matematika. Metodologi penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Sumber data survei adalah siswa kelas VIIB SMP Negeri 6 Tondano. Teknik pengumpulan data untuk penilaian seperti observasi, wawancara dan terakhir soal tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif didasarkan pada langkah – langkah. Temuan peneliti menunjukkan bahwa siswa kelas VIIB termasuk dalam komponen kreativitas tingkat 2 kreativitas dari 4 soal yang disajikan. Siswa hanya mampu mengidentifikasi 2 indikator kreativitas. Salah satunya pertanyaan nomor 1 dan 2, dimana siswa menjawab pertanyaan berdasarkan metode yang telah mereka pelajari dari analisis mereka.

. Perkembangan dunia di era globalisasi atau di abad dua puluh satu ditandai dengan adanya pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam berbagai aktivitas kehidupan Teknologi mampu menghubungkan daerah daerah di berbagai belahan dunia yang melampaui sekat-sekat geografis sehingga pola dunia menjadi tanpa batas. Perkembangan di abad ini juga tentunya akan berdampak pada dunia pendidikan. Proses pembelajaran tentunya harus beradaptasi dengan perubahan. Kehadiran ICT (Information, Communication, and Technology) dalam dunia pendidikan, menuntut siswa untuk kreatif, inovatif, berfikir kritis serta metakognitif sehingga siswa memiliki kemampuan berkomunikasi dan bekerja kolaborasi (berkelompok) dengan harapan bahwa pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang diperoleh dapat dijadikan bekal hidup di masyarakat yang memiliki karakter baik lokal maupun global dan dapat dipertanggung jawabkan secara personal maupun sosial masyarakat.
 

The purpose of this study is to look at the planning, application, and evaluation in Scientific Learning. The problems that occur are planning that has not been prepared by the teacher, the application of conventional and evaluation that has not been structured with the system of approx. The approach used is a qualitative approach, while if viewed from the point of view of the ability or possibility of research can provide information or explanation then this study includes research including descriptive research. The results showed that the implementation of Islamic education with a scientific approach in elementary school Curahdukuh II is preparing a learning tool in the form of annual programs, semester programs, syllabus, and lesson plans. The method used in the implementation of learning carried out by teachers of Islamic education with a scientific approach in elementary school Curahdukuh II includes three main stages, namely preliminary activities, core activities (observe, ask, reason, try, and communicate), and closing activities. As well as the assessment and evaluation of learning outcomes implemented by teachers of Islamic education with a scientific approach in the state Elementary School Curahdukuh II is the evaluation of learning processes and outcomes.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk mendiskripsikan Dukungan Organisasi, Motivasi Kerja dan Kinerja Pegawai di SMP Negeri 1 Baureno Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Untuk menganalisis pengaruh supervisi dan stress kerja terhadap disiplin kerja dan prestasi kerja tenaga pendidik di SMP Negeri 1 Buareno Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Penelitian ini berjenis explanatory research dan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi adalah seluruh pegawai  SMP Negeri 1 Baureno yang berjumlah 54 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara total atau sensus sampling sehingga ditentukan sampel sebanyak 54 orang. Metode pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan path analysis yang kemudian diolah menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Dukungan Organisasi, Motivasi Kerja dan Kinerja Pegawai di DMP Negeri 1 Buareno dalam kategori tinggi. dukungan organisasi dan motivasi kerja semuanya mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap SMP Negeri 1 Baureno.

Adzan is a call or call to muslims to abandon worldly activities immediately and establish mandatory prayer for 5 time. An echo of adzan is called muadzin. But if it is looked at and translated into English and directed literally will be understandable. Then interpreted by interpretation and lesson can be found social life educating. The potential value is quite evident in each challenge. The first value is to acknowledge the greatness of God or the greatness of God, the second value is to laugh and or acknowledge it. As a Muslim has been clearly communicated with his creator, whatever his cultural background. It means that this call is specific, where the kalimah Adzan is a calling for humans who have faith in God. In communication theory, there is communicator and communion. So that social entanglement can unfold what god wills for his might. People in general in any part of the earth would prefer neither world nor afterlife. It is the message of God in that phrase. Which means... come to happiness. Happiness is the right of all human whatever religion. Similarly, as muslims with kalimah Adzan a can be drawn to an instructive conclusion. It includes bastion, unto esaan, confidence or tauhid, communication and happiness.

 
Tindak tutur ekspresif adalah tindak tutur yang dirancang penuturnya agar ujarannya dimaknai sebagai evaluasi mengenai hal yang disebutkan di dal am tuturan tersebut. Tindak tutur ekspresif dapat berupa tuturan memuji, mengucapkan terima kasih, mengucapkan selamat, mengkritik, menyindir, mengeluh, menyalahkan, dan lain sebagaianya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menginterpretasikan tindak tutur ekspresif, menguraikan jenis tindak tutur ekspresif dan menganalisis wujud tindak tutur ekspresif yang ada dalam film Nanti Kita Cerita Tentang Hari Ini. Metode penelitian deskriptif digunakan dalam penelitian ini, dengan pendekatan kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode simak, dengan teknik sadap, dan teknik lanjutan berupa teknik simak bebas libat cakap dan teknik catat, karena data berupa tuturan. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan tindak tutur ekspresif memuji, tuturan mengucapkan terima kasih, tuturan mengkritik, tuturan mengeluh, tuturan menyalahkan, tuturan mengucapkan selamat, dan tuturan menyanjung dalam film Nanti Kita Cerita Tentang Hari Ini. Manfaat penelitian ditulis dalam bahasa Indonesia, agar hasil dari penelitian dapat berguna dan dapat digunakan sebagai sumber data atau referensi oleh peneliti yang akan melakukan penelitian kajian pragmatic khususnya mengenai tindak tutur ekspresif.
 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Nilai Pendidikan Karakter pada Novel Dikta & Hukum Karya Dhia’an Farah. Novel ini mengandung nilai- nilai pendidikan karakter, yang membuat peneliti ingin meneliti novel tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah novel, sedangkan objek dalam penelitian ini adalah nilai pendidikan karakter pada novel Dikta & Hukum Karya Dhia’an Farah. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumentasi dan observasi. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara menganalisis, menandai, mencatat, mengumpulkan, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa novel Dikta & Hukum Karya Dhia’an Farah mengandung nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yaitu nilai religius, kerja keras, jujur, peduli sosial, dan bersahabat/komunikat
 

Gymnastics is a body exercise that is chosen and created deliberately and planned, systematically arranged with the aim of forming and developing a harmonious whole. Gymnastics is one of the most popular sports in society. The results of the morning gymnastics activities in the public health field carried out by KKN Kelompok Garuda students which were carried out on Friday, August 05, 2022 in Gantar Village, Gantar District, Indramayu Regency. Maintaining physical health is very important for humans, especially during this COVID-19 pandemic. By doing morning exercise activities, it can provide good benefits for the human body and is one way for us to keep our immune system strong and avoid various viruses including the covid- 19 virus. As has been done by the people in Gantar Village who take part in morning exercises and feel better after doing morning exercises.

Stunting menjadi isu yang mendesak bagi pemerintah untuk segera diselesaikan karena berdampak pada kualias Sumber Daya Manusian (SDM) Indonesia dimasa depan. Dalam implementasi, sangat diperlukan Penanganan Stunting agar pemerintah kabupaten rokan hilir bisa berjalan dengan baik. Namun diketahui, masih dutemukan adanya masalah dalam proses pensosialisasian yang dilakukan. Kebijakan penanggulangan stunting yang dijalankan oleh pemerintah daerah Kabupaten Rokan Hilir dilakukan melalui Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Rokan Hilir sebagai unsur perangkat daerah yang membidangi kesehatan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk melihat proses implementasi pemerintah kabupaten rokan hilir dalam penanggulangan masalah stunting. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian Kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini dilihat dari George Edward  yaitu Komunikasi, Sumber Daya, Disposisi dan Struktur Birokrasi, Penanganan Stunting di Kabupaten Rokan Hilir Sudah cukup baik dikarenakan mengalami penurunan yang sangat drastis dari Tahun ke tahun sampai saat ini.

Financial literacy is necessary be given since early childhood. The low quality of financial education in Indonesia is marked by the hyped consumptive and hedonist lifestyle, result in not prepared future saving, due to their willing to prefer current joy rather than to postpone for the greater. Financial literacy is given to the student to comprehend priority of necessity, avoiding consumptive and hedonist lifestyle, and for them to prepare the future saving. The aim of this activity is to increase the understanding of how to manage financial. This method of activity is started by planning, implementation, and ended by evaluation. This activity result in the increased understanding of financial literacy.

In a conversation, it definitely requires a principle of cooperation, so that the speech partner can understand what the speaker is saying. However, often between speakers or their interlocutors violate conversations which can result in a violation of the principle of cooperation. So that this research was made with the aim of knowing the implementation and violation of the cooperative principle contained in the Stand-Up Comedy Season 2 conversation. note in the process of data collection stage. As a result, the researcher found several utterances that implemented or violated the cooperative principle in a conversation on the Stand-Up Comedy Season 2. The results were in the form of three conversations which were maxims of quality (one utterance did not violate the maxim of quality and two utterances violated the maxim of quality). Two conversations of maxim of quantity (one utterance violates and one utterance does not violate maxim of quantity). Three conversations are maxims of relevance (two utterances do not violate and one utterance violates maxims of relevance). Conversation, Cooperation Principles, Implicature, Pragmatics, and Stand Up Comedy.

The purpose of this research is to use a clustering algorithm on learning outcomes, gender, and SRL. In this study, the K-Means clustering method was used. In this study, the calculation process is assisted by Orange software. Determination of the number of clusters with Orange software based on the Silhouette Score. The results show that there are seven clusters with three variables, namely learning outcomes, gender, and self-regulated learning. From these clusters, it can be used for group formation and student mapping.

Artikel ini berjudul Sarana dan Prasarana Pendidikan di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, adapun permasalahan yang terjadi adalah kurangnya sarana dan prasarana pendidikan di madrasah ibtidaiyah. Sarana dan prasarana ini menjadi bagian yang sanngat penting dalam mendukung proses pembelajaran. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat bagaiaman pentingnya sarana dan prasarana pada lembaga pendidikan terutama pendidikan madrasah ibtidaiyah yang selalu dikesampingkan oleh pemerintah. Metode dalam karya tulis ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan studi kepustakaan, yaitu dengan menyajikan gambaran dan analisis mengennai pengertian, dasar pemikiran penggunaan media, landasan pemikiran penggunaan media, media pembelajaran dalam perspektif al-Qur’an dan Hadist dan manfaat penggunaan media. Hasil analisis berkaitan dengan sarana dan prasarana di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah masih menjadi problem besar dalam dunia pendidikan, kurangnya sarana dan prasarana pendukung proses pembelajaran menjadi penghambat dalam pelaksanaan proses pembalajaran, madrasah ibtidaiyah merupakan lembaga pendidikan dasar yang harusnya menjadi perhatian juga dalam mencapai tujuan pendidikan secara nasional.
 
 

This article is entitled Administrative Administration Services at MTs Al-Ikhlas Palembang. The purpose of this study is to find out how the Administrative Services at MTs Al-Ikhlas. In this study using qualitative methods. The informants in this study were the head of administration, the head of the madrasa, the deputy head of the madrasa, teachers and other stakeholders. Data collection techniques through the method of observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique in this researcher uses data reduction, data presentation, verification and checking the validity of the data. The results of the study indicate that Administrative Administration Services at MTs Al-Ikhlas Palembang have been running well including organizational management services and staffing which includes several jobs such as determining the right organizational structure, dividing tasks and authorities to evaluating ongoing programs, financial management services , which has carried out management functions ranging from planning needs to controlling activities, data and information management services that have been supported by good resources, archive management services and student academic services. All service activities run in accordance with applicable procedures and stakeholders in carrying out their duties in accordance with their respective main duties and functions.

The Butler movie explored discrimination between white and black people that created  social  grade  which  lead to the conflict.  This became  a very interesting one to explore. The purpose of this study was to find more about the  racism  in  such  movie.  The  researcher  used  a  qualitative  descriptive method,  and  the  research  material  was  a dialogue  from  the  movie  "The Butler". The analyse was done by using the theory of racism, "three types of racism”, Michel Wieviorka (1995). The dialogue of the movie accompanied by picture as the sample of the data in analysis done by contextually and theoritically. The result of the study showed attitudes racism was the most prevalent, which means there are discriminations occured to black people in The  Butler  movie.  Attitudes  is  a  pattern  of  thinking  or  feeling  about something or someone, generally represented in a person's behavior. While prejudice and opinions racism are the most rarely occured in such movie. Prejudice  rarely  occured  in the  social  life  because  black  people  can  not express their feeling and they struggle welfare, which was hard to achieve in the movie. Opinions rarely occured in the movie because white people grade was higher than black people in such movie.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh Indeks Kompensasi Tenaga Kerja (IKTK), Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM), Indeks Pembangunan Ekonomi Insklusif (IPEI) terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Ketenagakerjaan (IPK) melalui  Indeks Kualitas Pekerjaan (IKP). Data yang digunakan berasal dari Badan Pusat Statistik, Bappenas dan Kemenaker menggunakan data 34 Provinsi Tahun 2020. Model yang digunakan adalah model SEM PLS dengan bantuan software SmartPLS 3.8. Hasil yang didapat IKTK, IPM, IPEI berpengaruh langsung terhadap IKP. Di sisi lain IKTK, IPM, IPEI berpengaruh tidak langsung terhadap IPK melalui  IKP. Diperlukan kebijakan-kebijakan yang tepat sasaran dalam meningkatkan kualitas dan pembangunan ketenagakerjaan di Indonesia.

This journal was created to examine the implementation of the authority of curators and investigators on general confiscation of bankruptcy against criminal confiscations in the settlement of bankrupt assets and their legal certainty. The method used in this research is normative juridical research. The results of the study show that the curator and investigator in carrying out their authority are both based on the laws and regulations, but in practice there is a dispute over the authority attribution between the curator and the investigator regarding confiscation, as referred to in Article 31 paragraph (2) of Law Number 37 year 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Postponement of Obligations for Payment of Debt with Article 39 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Procedure Code. So that the judge's decision aims to provide legal certainty for the litigants, namely between the curator and investigators and/or the prosecutor's office regarding disputes over authority regarding confiscation, namely between general confiscation and criminal confiscation. 
 
                          

Perseroan memegang peran penting dalam dunia usaha yang dianggap sebagai subjek hukum yang dapat melakukan Tindakan hukumsebagaimana subjek hukum yang lian (perorangan). Sebagai subjek hukum, perseroan tentunya memiliki hak dan kewajiban yang dijalankan oleh organ-organ perseroan itu sendiri yang terdiri dari RUPS, Direksi dan Komisaris. Organ-organ perseroan tersebut memiliki tugas dan tanggung jawab masing-masing yang diatur dalam ADRT Perseroan. Dalam menjalankan aktifitas usaha, perseroan dijalankan oleh Direksi sebagai pihak yang mewakili perseroan baik di dalam maupun di luar pengadilan dibawah kendali RUPS oleh Komisaris yang tanggung jawabnya dibatasi bukan sebagai tindakan pribadi. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah tanggung jawab pribadi seseorang yang menjabat komisaris dan direksi atas harta kekayaan pribadi jika terjadi kerugian dalam mengelola perseroan (perusahaan). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauhmana dapat ditariknya tanggung jawab pribadi seseorang yang menjabat komisaris dan direksi atas harta kekayaan pribadi jika terjadi kerugian dalam mengelola perseroan dengan menggunakan pendekatan normatif dengan menggunakan literatur buku atau kepustakan dan peraturan perundang-undangan sebagi bahan utama penulisan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa Komisaris atau Dewan Komisaris dan Dewana Direksi atau Direksi tidak dapat dimintai pertanggung jawaban atas harta kekayaan pribadinya sepanjang dalam melakukan pengurusan perseroan dilakukan sesuai tugas dan tanggung jawabannya secara sungguh-sungguh dan penuh tanggung jawab serta itikad baik. Jika dalam mengelola perseroan telah menimbulkan kerugian bagi pihak ketiga atau debitur akibat dari Tindakan perseroan tetapi dikemudian hari ternyata Tindakan perseroan yang merugikan kepentingan pihak ketiga tersebut dapat dibuktikan bahwa Komisaris atau Dewan Komisaris dan Dewana Direksi atau Direksi telah melakukan kesalah atau Tindakan pengelolaan dengan itikad tidak baik, maka tanggung jawab terbatas yang dianut dalam perseroan dapat diterobos dan Komisaris atau Dewan Komisaris dan Dewana Direksi atau Direksi dapat dimintakan pertanggung jawaban sampai kepada harta kekayaan pribadi Komisaris atau Dewan Komisaris dan Dewana Direksi atau Direksi.
 
 

This research has a background problem of the low character values seen in students of the Global Nusantara Education Institute of the Science Education Study Program when learning science in scientific attitude lectures. So far, the learning of scientific attitude course material emphasizes the cognitive aspect and has not promoted the importance of inculcating character values in learning. Changes in teaching point of view are considered necessary where there is a need for alignment between mastery of concepts and improvement of character. The purpose of this study is to explain the learning tools, the application of learning, the advantages and disadvantages of the character education learning system when learning science in scientific attitude lecture material. This research was carried out at the Global Nusantara Education Institute for the Science Education Study Program, with the research subjects being students of the second semester of the Science Education Study Program for the Academic Year 2020/2021. This type of research is descriptive research using a quantitative approach. The results of the study obtained that the RPS suitability reached 91.06%. This means that it has shown the planting of character values in the elements that make up the RPS. In addition, from the results of the questionnaire analysis, the percentage of success in planting character education in students reached 81.27%. This indicates that after the science learning process, character education has a positive effect on students' personal development, it can be seen that the character values of each student can be seen very well.

This research discusses the morphology process that aims to identify forms of affixation, reduplication, and composition in the use of vocabulary in news texts in the Show & Celebrity column of the Jawa Pos Daily Newspaper June 2022 Edition. The approach in this study is to use a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection is done by using observation techniques or observations that are observed through news texts and note-taking techniques. The results of this study include, (1) there are 18 data on the use of affixation, namely, prefix ber-, tar, {Me-}, and prefix {di-}, clofix {Me-}kan, clofix {Me-}i; (2) there are 2 data on the use of reduplication, namely songs and albums; and (3) there is 1 data on the use of composition, namely music videos.
 

This study intends to analyze the strategy for developing the library of the University of Nurul Jadid Paiton Probolinggo towards a digital library in increasing competitiveness in the current era of globalization. This study uses a qualitative approach analysis. This research has implications for library development in order to meet and match community competition in improving the quality of the library. The efforts made in developing libraries towards digital libraries by building information accessibility, digital library development strategies in building information accessibility through an organizational approach to digital library management funds, digital library technology implementation approaches, access policy approaches and information legality, and values ​​transformation approaches. cultural diversity value. So this is expected to be able to develop the library towards a quality digital library

Indonesian students who study in Singapore experience a lot of cultural shock. This happened because of the many differences in the education system between Indonesia and Singapore. This study aims to analyze the cultural shock experienced by Indonesian students in Singapore. The research applied a qualitative descriptive research method that using library research based on Sverre Lysgaard (1955) theory, some Indonesian students who are still in college and have also graduated from college in the last 5 years in Singapore became the object of research in the internet site “Quora” about how it's like studying in Singapore. The result shows that many Indonesian students experience cultural shock based on the opinions or comments given in the comments column. The percentage of stages experienced by Indonesian students shows that the honeymoon stage is 20%, frustration stage is 30%, adjustment stage is 20%, and also adaptation stage is 30%. There are many differences in the education system in Indonesia and Singapore which are the main challenges in getting an education, one of which is about activities in learning and the attendance system in class. Not only that, the support from the teaching workforce and language also triggered the Cultural shock experienced by Indonesian students studying in Singapore.

Tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana merupakan tindak pidana pembunuhan yang didahului oleh rencana pembunuhan terlebih dahulu. Namun, pengertian dan syarat unsur berencana dalam tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana tidak dirumuskan dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP). Keadaan demikian menjadikan pengertian dan syarat unsur berencana mengalami dinamika. Pada konteks ini, dibutuhkan kepekaan hakim dalam menganalisis, mempertimbangkan, dan memutus perkara tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana, sebagaimana dalam Putusan Nomor 327/pid.b/201/PN.Cbi. Apakah pertimbangan hakim yang menyatakan terdakwa melakukan tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana karena telah mempersiapkan diri untuk membunuh “korban”, meskipun yang dibunuh adalah orang lain. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis putusan tersebut adalah yuridis normatif dengan dua pendekatan, yakni pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach).  Hakim menggunakan istilah persiapan dalam mempertimbangkan unsur rencana kurang tepat. Demikian juga pertimbangan unsur berencana yang hanya berfokus pada syarat adanya pemutusan kehendak dengan tenang, dan adanya jarak waktu tertentu adalah kurang lengkap. Seharusnya dilengkapi dengan pelaksanaan rencana dengan tenang.
 

ABSTRAK
Tindak  pidana  penyebaran  foto/video pornografi  dalam  media  elektronik. Penerapan  sanksi  pidana  terhadap  pelaku  penyebaran  foto/video pornografi  dalam  media  elektronik  merupakan  salah  satu  bagian  dari kejahatan cybercrime yang  akhir-akhir  ini  semakin  berkembang. Adapun  yang  dibahas  dalam  penelitian  ini  adalah  pengaturan  tindak  pidana  penyebaran  foto/video  pornografi  dalam  media  elektronik  dan  pertanggungjawaban  pidana  pelaku  tindak  pidana  penyebaran  foto/video  pornografi  dalam  media  elektronik  dalam  putusan  nomor 902/Pid.B/2020/PN.Jkt.Pst. Metode penelitian  yang  digunakan  dalam  penelitian  ini  adalah  metode  pendekatan  yuridis  normatif  dengan  bahan  kepustakaan  atau  data  sekunder  yang  meliputi  buku-buku  serta  norma-norma  hukum  yang  terdapat  pada  peraturan  perundang-undangan,  azas-azas  hukum,  kaidah  hukum  dan  sistematika  hukum  dan  juga  mengkaji  ketentuan  peraturan  perundang-undangan  dan  bahan  hukum  lainnya. Penyelesaian  kasus  tindak  pidana  penyebaran  foto/video  pornografi  menggunakan  media  elektronik  dapat  diamati  melalui  adanya  kasus  yang  masuk  ke  Pengadilan  Negeri  Jakarta  Pusat  yang  dalam  putusannya,  hakim  menjatuhkan  pidana  penjara  selama  9  (Sembilan)  bulan  penjara  dan  denda  sebesar  Rp.10.000.000,- (sepuluh  juta  rupiah). Hal  ini  menjelaskan  bahwa  penjatuhan  pidana  tersebut  sesuai  dengan  pertanggungjawaban  terdakwa  atas  perbuatannya.
 

Kuantan Singingi Regency has a tourist village located in Kuantan Mudik District, precisely in the village of Pebaun Hilir, namely the Tobek Pebaun Tourism Object. Tobek Pebaun itself is a tourist attraction consisting of 2 seasons, namely the Lake Season and the Rice Planting Season. This study aims to analyze the capacity of Bumdes managers to advance together in the tourism sector of Pebaun Hilir Village and the factors that hinder the capacity of Bumdes managers to advance together in the tourism sector of downstream Pebaun villages. This study uses the theory of Alimbudiono & Fidelis (2004) which uses indicators, namely: good experience, education according to work, skills according to task. This research uses qualitative research. The results show that the management capacity is not good and inefficient because the employees who manage the Tobek Pebaun tourism object do not have special expertise in the field of developing tourism objects, due to their educational background coming from different fields. and special guidance as a guidance and counseling service provided by experts or professionals in their field on how to develop tourism from local governments.

Metaphors were mosly found in the drama “Hamlet.” It confused and made it hard for the readers to understand some dialogue in that drama. It became an interesting one to explore more profound about the use of metaphors. This study explored more the metaphors in the conversation among characters in William Shakespeare’s play Hamlet. The researcher applied a qualitative descriptive method with the theory of the Metaphor, according to Parera (2004), as a detailed explanation. The study results found that the most frequently occurring types were Animal Metaphors (35%), and Anthropomorphic Metaphors as the rarest one (15%). Animal Metaphor uses animal parts to mock people in this story. Anthropomorphic metaphors are parts of the human body that are transferred to various inanimate objects used to praise in this story. Metaphors  occured in a drama  which can make it more interesting to read and perform.

ETLE menjadi salah satu alternatif bagi kepolisian untuk menangani permasalahan yang muncul di lalu lintas dan dapat menghindari terjadinya penyalahgunaan wewenang untuk keuntungan pribadi, seperti kolusi, korupsi, dan nepotisme (KKN) pada tilang konvensional. Agar tujuan ETLE dapat tercapai, diperlukan proses difusi inovasi agar masyarakat dapat mengetahui dan memahami inovasi ini. Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data primer dan sekunder, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis dekriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan teori difusi inovasi menurut Rogers dalam Adianto (2020) berdasarkan empat kriteria, yaitu: Inovasi, Saluran Komunikasi, Jangka Waktu, dan Sistem Sosial. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa difusi inovasi program ETLE sudah dilakukan tetapi belum maksimal sehingga program ETLE belum berjalan optimal, hal tersebut dikarenakan difusi inovasi yang dilakukan hanya melalui media sosial dan media massa dalam lingkup kecil sehingga masyarakat masih banyak yang belum memahami tentang program ETLE, serta ditemukan beberapa kendala seperti anggaran tidak memadai, rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat dan kurangnya kriteria komunikator.

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of multimedia for learning and various fields in elementary schools. Based on the purpose of this study, qualitative research methods are considered to be the appropriate method to be used. Qualitative method is a method that emphasizes research to examine the complex details of a subject, examine the relationship between social events, cultural phenomena and society through life, experiences, behavior, perspectives, points of view, emotions and feelings. The benefits of educational media in the learning process include laying concrete foundations in thinking to reduce 'verbalism', increase student interest, make lessons more fun so that it has an impact on more satisfying learning outcomes. The advantage of multimedia in interactivity is that this media is inherently able to force users to interact with the material both physically and mentally.

Radyapustaka Museum is oldest museum and popular destination for educational tourism. But there are various obstacles so that in the implementation, educational tourism in Radyapustaka Museum has not been optimal so that need for the development of sustainable educational tourism model that can benefit both the visitors of the museum and the museum. Methods in this study using qualitative methods. Qualitative methods are used to obtain data based on factual conditions that occur, field observations, interviews and literature studies. The results in this study resulted in a new model for sustainable education in the Museum of Radyapustaka which refers to museum education policies, education and sustainable tourism indicators.