Motorcycle engine performance is highly dependent on the air intake system, which plays a crucial role in the combustion process. One common method for improving engine performance is modifying the intake system, either by installing additional devices or adjusting the quantity of incoming air. One innovation that is starting to be widely used is the Jet Ranger, an additional device on the intake duct that is claimed to be able to increase air flow into the combustion chamber. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of Jet Ranger and variations in the quantity of incoming air on the maximum power of a 150 cc motorcycle engine, as well as to analyze the interaction between the two variables. The study was conducted using an experimental method with a two-way factorial approach. The independent variables in this study consisted of two factors, namely the use of Jet Ranger (without Jet Ranger and with Jet Ranger) and variations in the quantity of incoming air divided into four levels (0.008; 0.012; 0.016; and 0.020 kg/s). Maximum power testing was conducted using a Leads dynotest, while the mass of incoming air was calculated based on air velocity measured using a digital anemometer. The test data were statistically analyzed using a two-way ANOVA to identify the effect of each factor and the interaction between them on engine power. The results of the study indicate that the use of Jet Ranger significantly increases engine power. Variations in the quantity of intake air also significantly affect the power generated. In addition, the interaction between the use of Jet Ranger and the quantity of intake air is proven to have a significant impact on increasing the maximum engine power. These results are in line with the theory of intake systems which states that increasing optimal air flow can increase the volumetric efficiency of the engine, and are supported by findings from previous studies. Therefore, these findings can be used as a reference in the development of air intake systems on motorcycles to achieve more optimal engine performance.

Empty oil palm bunches processed by palm oil mills in Indonesia are still abundant, reaching 56.35 million tons per year. Empty oil palm bunches contain around 40% cellulose, so they can still be used for various derivative products, one of which is composite products. The use of empty oil palm bunches as raw materials for Bioplastic production is a series of ongoing research, one of which is starch-cellulose blend, but until now it has not been successfully commercialized. The design of the starch cellulose blend bioplastic industry using palm oil as raw material produces two factories, namely a cellulose factory and a composite bioplastic factory. Both factories are designed in separate buildings. The separation of cellulose from TKKS uses a chemical method with soda, after mechanical treatment of size reduction. The industry is designed in 3 scales of production capacity, namely a large scale of 190,000 tons / year, medium 115.00 tons / year, and small 40,000 tons.year. The financial analysis of the three scales of production capacity as a whole is declared feasible. Profit margin is calculated at a minimum of 17.6%. The average payback period is between 3-5 years with an IRR of 24-49%. Analysis of the economic value produces an EScale index of 0.64 which indicates that the economic scale has been achieved. The economic scale of the starch cellulose blend bioplastic industry from TKKS is at a production capacity of 40,000 tons per year with a minimum supply of TKKS raw materials of 20,203 tons/year. At the smallest economic scale, the BEP is actually only 6627.4 tons/year, where this condition can be achieved because the industry has relatively small fixed costs.

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing economics teachers' behavioral intentions to use Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) in teaching, using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as the foundational framework. The respondents of the study were high school economics teachers in Semarang City, Central Java, Indonesia. Data were collected from 119 respondents using the accidental sampling technique. A questionnaire developed by previous researchers was used to gather research data. Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) was employed as the data analysis method. The findings indicate that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions significantly determine the level of teachers' intention to use GAI in teaching. Furthermore, the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) variable serves as a moderating variable in the research model. The practical implications of this study suggest that educational institutions, teachers, and policymakers need to enhance understanding, provide training, and implement policies that support the integration of TPACK-based Generative AI. These efforts aim to encourage the effective use of this technology to improve the quality of teaching and learning.

This study aims to identify the numeracy ability of grade I students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Based on Cognitive Level. The research method used is quantitative with a descriptive approach. The population used by all students of MIN 4 Medan. Sampling from the population used the Issac Michael technique which obtained a result of 249 from the entire population. Furthermore, samples were taken using cluster sampling which was specifically for classes I, A and I B, a total of 56. The test instrument is in the form of an objective description of the "filling" and the results are in the form of scores. The data analysis in this study is a descriptive quantitative data analysis. The results showed the numeracy ability of students in class I MIN 4 Medan, namely: 1) the level of remembering for the "high" category was 37 students or 75.51%; for the "medium" category: there are 4 students or 8.16%; and the "low" category there are 8 students or 16.32%. 2) the level of understanding for the "high" category was 28 students or 57.41%; the "medium" category has 16 students or 32.65%; and the "low" category there are 5 students or 10.20%. 3) the application rate for the "high" category was 18 students or 36.73%; the "medium" category has 29 students or 59.18%; and the "low" category has 2 students or 4.08%. The implication in this study is to increase the practice of contextual questions and carry out game-based learning.

The purpose of this research is to create a volleyball match statistics application and determine the effectiveness of the product. The research method used is research and development. Before the product trial, this product has been validated by volleyball experts and media experts. The assessment conducted by volleyball experts received an average score of 86.7% with "Good" criteria, while the validation of media experts obtained the same average score of 86.7% with "Good" criteria. After validation, it was continued with product trials which were divided into 2 stages, namely small-scale trials and large-scale trials. The small-scale trial received an average score of 88.89% which means it is in the "Good" assessment category. The large-scale trial received an average score of 88.75% in the "Good" category. The effectiveness test was conducted to obtain information whether this match statistics application was more effective than manual statistical records. In this test, an assessment comparison was made between manual statistics and statistical applications, with the following results: the average effectiveness of manual statistics is 46.3% and the statistical application is 84.3%. In conclusion, the volleyball match statistics application is more effective than the manual statistics record.

Indonesia faces significant challenges in maintaining environmental ethics amid rapid economic growth and urbanization. Environmental degradation, such as deforestation, water pollution, and poor waste management, reflects a widespread lack of ecological awareness. However, local wisdom offers an alternative approach to environmental sustainability. This study aims to describe the forms of environmental ethics embedded in the local wisdom of the Betawi community in the Betawi Cultural Village of Setu Babakan, South Jakarta. Using a descriptive qualitative method, the research explores cultural practices that support environmental preservation, including the use of home gardens, reverence for nature, and community-based waste management. The findings show that the Setu Babakan community applies ecological principles through traditions, customs, and active participation in environmental care. Moreover, synergy between the government, local communities, and the tourism sector contributes to developing an area that not only preserves Betawi culture but also maintains ecological balance. These findings highlight the importance of integrating local cultural values into environmental policy as a pathway toward sustainable development.

The connection between thuggery and power gives rise to a new face of politics laden with criminal hegemony. This concept is vividly depicted in the Javanese novel Lodan saka Segara Kidul (LSSK) by Kukuh S. Wibowo. Through a mystery-driven narrative, the novel exposes the transformation of Rahsana, a criminal gang leader, who changes his name to Hendarsa Prabancana and reinvents himself as a politician using slick yet effective hegemonic strategies. This research aims to reveal the representation of criminal hegemony in LSSK by Kukuh S. Wibowo through the lens of Gramsci’s theory, supported by other theories such as the normalization of crime, political oligarchy, self-image management, and more. The study employs a descriptive-qualitative method, emphasizing content analysis and literature review to examine novel narratives. This approach aims to identify forms of criminal hegemony, strategies for transitioning from crime to politics, and their societal impact. The findings demonstrate that Rahsana/Hendarsa utilizes wealth acquired through crime, money politics, and public image-building to gain legitimacy and maintain power. Hegemony does not manifest solely through physical domination but also through ideology that infiltrates social structures. These findings reflect how criminal practices can adapt within democratic systems and become part of legitimate political frameworks. This research contributes to enriching the study of Indonesian crime fiction while opening a critical discourse on the relationship between crime, politics, and the legitimization of power.




 

Consumer non-cyclical companies represent a stable sector that provides essential goods and services, often attracting investors seeking long-term, low-volatility opportunities. This study investigates how financial strategies—specifically window dressing and leverage—influence investment decisions in 68 consumer non-cyclical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2019–2023. Investment decisions are measured using two key valuation indicators: Price to Book Value (PBV) and Price to Earnings Ratio (PER). Window dressing is quantified through changes in quarterly cash holdings, while leverage is proxied by the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER). Employing a quantitative descriptive method, this research uses purposive sampling and multiple linear regression analysis, preceded by classical assumption tests. The findings reveal that both window dressing and leverage have a significant positive effect on PBV, indicating that these factors play a role in shaping market perceptions of firm value. Conversely, neither variable has a significant influence on PER, suggesting that investors in this sector rely more on consistent fundamentals than on short-term financial appearances or capital structure when evaluating profitability. These results support signaling theory, emphasizing that while financial signals can influence market behavior, their effectiveness depends on the credibility of the signal and the investor’s focus. This study provides practical implications for managers aiming to enhance firm value and for investors seeking to interpret financial signals more accurately.

The rapid advancement of digital technology has not been followed by equal digital literacy among elementary school students, especially in areas with limited access. This community service activity focused on increasing students' literacy skills through digital literacy understanding at SD Satu Atap Kelurahan Layana Indah, Mantikulore Sub-District. The objective was to enhance students' ability to access, analyze, and utilize digital information responsibly. The strategy used was participatory learning through socialization, workshops, and direct practice involving both students and teachers. This activity was carried out through classroom action and mentoring. The results show that students gained a better understanding of how to use digital platforms for learning purposes, and teachers improved their ability to integrate technology into their teaching. This program successfully increased students’ enthusiasm and skills in digital learning environments.

This study examines the effectiveness of applying classical methods in the Al-Qur'an memorization and translation program at the Safinatul Huda Islamic Boarding School in Banyuwangi. Classical methods generally focus on collective learning in the classroom, but in the context of memorization and translation, they emphasize quantity over quality. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the classical method in balancing both aspects. This study employs a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews with students, Quran memorization teachers, and curriculum teachers. The results of the study indicate that the classical method is not only effective in increasing the quantity of memorization but also significantly contributes to understanding the meaning through the integration of translation in internalizing the values of the Quran in daily life.