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Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have an important role in the Indonesian economy, including Warung Madura MSMEs. This research aims to analyze the development strategy of Warung Madura MSMEs from an Islamic economic perspective. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through in-depth interviews with Warung Madura owners and economic observers. A literature study was also carried out to explore the concept of Islamic economics and its application in developing MSMEs. The results of the research show that Warung Madura's MSME development strategy from an Islamic economic perspective offers a holistic and sustainable approach. By applying the principles of justice, sustainability, business ethics, human resource development and access to appropriate financing, Warung Madura can increase its competitiveness and contribute more to the local economy. It is hoped that this research can provide insight for stakeholders in formulating more effective MSME development policies and programs.

Indonesia is a country that has a diversity of cultures, religions, ethnicities, and languages. This diversity is a wealth as well as a challenge in maintaining national unity. This article discusses the role of Pancasila ideological values as a multicultural adhesive in Indonesia. Using a qualitative-descriptive method, this study shows that Pancasila values, such as social justice, just and civilized humanity, and unity, play an important role in harmonizing differences in society. This study also recommends strengthening the implementation of Pancasila values in various aspects of life to maintain social cohesion.

Culture is the main foundation that becomes strength and stability for society, because it contains values, norms, and traditions that form a collective identity. From the perspective of Islamic Religious Education (PAI), culture is seen as a strategic means to internalize Islamic values that support the creation of social and spiritual harmony. PAI plays a role in combining religious values with local cultural elements to build a society with character, ethics, and justice. In this context, culture is not only a heritage, but also a learning medium to strengthen solidarity, increase awareness of the importance of diversity, and maintain social stability. Thus, the synergy between culture and Islamic Religious Education is able to create a society that is based on noble values and resistant to the challenges of the times.  

This research examines the role of local wisdom in preserving the Batak Toba ulos cloth as heritage and culture. The purpose of this study is to describe the values of local wisdom embedded in the Batak Toba ulos. The theory of local wisdom proposed by Robert Sibarani is used as the basis for data analysis. The data collection method used in this research is qualitative descriptive, and data is gathered through a literature review of various journals related to the topic. The preservation of the ulos cloth as a cultural heritage of the Batak Toba is greatly aided by local wisdom. Ulos is a symbol of tradition, identity, and values for the Batak people, beyond being just a fabric. Local wisdom helps maintain and pass down this cultural heritage through traditional weaving practices and the use of ulos in various traditional ceremonies. Therefore, ulos is one of Indonesia's cultural legacies that must be preserved, as it is a high-quality product of creative thought. The sacred value of ulos reflects the spirituality of the Batak people. Each ulos establishes a connection between the maker and the recipient. For an individual, ulos is a fabric that warms the body, but for the community, ulos has a symbolic role in various aspects of life. In addition to producing high-quality ulos, the ulos fabric should be kept in a clean and comfortable place, and it should be displayed properly so that visitors may become customers. Ulos is used in various traditional ceremonies as a symbol of identity, a form of respect, a gesture of affection, and a unifying bond.    

The leadership of the Prophet Muhammad SAW in Islamic education is a very relevant example to this day. Through his leadership characteristics which include honesty, trustworthiness, gentle firmness, and noble morals, the Prophet Muhammad SAW succeeded in transforming the divided Arab society of Jahiliyah into one people united in Islamic values. He led with a clear vision and mature strategy, creating an education system that prioritizes the development of character, morals, and knowledge. The Islamic education inherited by the Prophet Muhammad SAW not only includes religious knowledge, but also general knowledge that gave birth to various great scientists during the golden age of Islam. The legacy of his leadership is evident in his broad influence on the development of Islamic civilization. His success in establishing the Islamic Khilafah State and introducing the values ​​of justice, compassion, and the spirit of seeking knowledge became the foundation for the development of science that was very advanced at that time. Therefore, the principles of the leadership of the Prophet Muhammad SAW are not only relevant in a historical context, but can also be implemented in facing global challenges in the modern era, by emphasizing the importance of education, justice, and integrity.

important. Based on James 1:2-3, this paper explores Christian expectations and the role of perseverance in shaping spiritual character. The background of this study arises from the importance of understanding perseverance as a response to trials faced by individuals of faith. The purpose of this study is to investigate how perseverance in faith is formed and developed through challenges, as well as its impact on Christian hope. This research used a qualitative method with a literature study approach. Data was collected from library sources, including books of biblical interpretation and relevant theological articles. The results showed that perseverance is not just a passive attitude but an active process that deepens faith and hope. The discussion focused on the role of trials as a tool used by God to strengthen the faith of believers, as described in James 1:2-3. Trials are seen as a way to sharpen perseverance, which then leads to spiritual maturity and strong hope. This study affirms the importance of seeing trials as an essential part of the Christian faith journey that ends in eternal hope.

This study aims to analyze effective marketing strategies in increasing motorcycle sales amidst increasingly tight automotive industry competition. In this analysis, the main focus is given to identifying factors that influence consumer purchasing decisions, including price, product quality, promotion, and distribution. Data were collected through interviews with marketing managers at several leading motorcycle dealers and surveys of consumers who had just purchased a motorcycle. The results of the study indicate that a combination of marketing strategies that include attractive promotions, understanding local market needs, and improving the overall consumer experience play a significant role in increasing motorcycle sales volume. This study concludes that implementing the right marketing strategies, such as the use of social media, seasonal discounts, and improving after-sales service, can have a positive impact on motorcycle sales growth. It is recommended for companies to continue to innovate and adjust marketing strategies to evolving consumer trends and preferences.    

Marriage in Indonesia is regulated by Law Number 1 of 1974 which requires implementation according to religious law, but interfaith marriages often cause problems, especially in inheritance rights. Indonesia recognizes three inheritance law systems: Islamic, civil, and customary, which regulate inheritance differently. Children from interfaith marriages often face inheritance obstacles, especially if there are differences of faith between the testator and the heirs. Several court decisions provide inheritance rights through a mandatory will, but are limited to one-third of the inheritance. Existing solutions include preparing a clear will, mediating disputes, and involving a notary to validate documents. A comprehensive approach through legal education and collaboration between the government, non-governmental organizations, and the community is needed to provide legal certainty and justice for children from interfaith marriages.

This article discusses the application of faraidh principles in the context of contemporary society, focusing on the challenges and solutions faced in inheritance distribution. The background of this research is based on the need to understand how the Islamic inheritance system can function amidst changing social dynamics, including the influence of local culture and gender inequality. The purpose of the study is to explore the community's understanding of faraidh, as well as to identify factors that influence the practice of inheritance distribution. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a library research approach. The results of the study indicate that many individuals still have a knowledge gap regarding their rights in the faraidh system, which often results in inheritance. In addition, the influence of patriarchal culture and the weakness of formal education regarding inheritance law also contribute to injustice in the distribution of property. This study recommends the need for better education, the use of technology to access information, and collaboration between various parties to improve the understanding and application of faraidh principles. With these steps, the hope of justice in inheritance distribution can be realized effectively in society.

Polygamy in Islam is regulated with clear provisions based on the Qur'an and Hadith. Surah Al-Nisa/4:3 permits polygamy with a maximum of four wives, under the primary condition of fairness in fulfilling material needs such as food, clothing, and shelter. However, Surah Al-Nisa/4:129 emphasizes that emotional fairness, such as inclinations of the heart, cannot be mandated as it is beyond human capability. The Prophet Muhammad SAW exemplified how to practice polygamy while adhering to the principle of justice emphasized in Islam. Historically, the regulation of polygamy aimed to address social crises in early Islamic society, such as the high number of widows and orphans due to war. Polygamy was viewed as a social solution to protect the rights of women and children, albeit under strict conditions. In conclusion, polygamy in Islam is an option permitted only in specific circumstances, not an obligation or outright recommendation, with a strong emphasis on justice and the welfare of all parties involved.

This research discusses the position of a siri wife as an heir based on a will from the perspective of Islamic inheritance law. According to the context of Islamic law, the position of an unregistered wife is often a problem, especially in relation to the inheritance rights that she should receive. This research aims to examine how wills can affect the inheritance rights of siri wives. The method used is literature study with analysis using data collection techniques through literature study or document study, which is the most appropriate method for normative legal research. The research results show that even though the siri wife is not recognized as a legal wife in the context of positive law, the will made by the husband can give the siri wife inheritance rights. However, this recognition depends on the intention and clarity in the preparation of the will. It is hoped that this research can provide a better understanding of the rights of unregistered wives in the Islamic inheritance system and encourage the need for reform in inheritance law regulations in Indonesia to create justice for all parties.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have an important role in the Indonesian economy, including Warung Madura MSMEs. This research aims to analyze the development strategy of Warung Madura MSMEs from an Islamic economic perspective. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through in-depth interviews with Warung Madura owners and economic observers. A literature study was also carried out to explore the concept of Islamic economics and its application in developing MSMEs. The results of the research show that Warung Madura's MSME development strategy from an Islamic economic perspective offers a holistic and sustainable approach. By applying the principles of justice, sustainability, business ethics, human resource development and access to appropriate financing, Warung Madura can increase its competitiveness and contribute more to the local economy. It is hoped that this research can provide insight for stakeholders in formulating more effective MSME development policies and programs.    

The La Galigo epoch is an important literary work that depicts the deep intercultural relationship between the archipelago and China. The story, which focuses on Sawerigading's adventures, not only presents an epic story but also reflects the significant cultural, economic, and political exchanges in Southeast Asia's maritime region. Since the 7th century, the archipelago has been a vital trade route connecting various cultures, with Chinese traders playing a key role in the flow of goods and knowledge. Through the La Galigo Epos, it can be seen how elements of Chinese culture, including shipping technology, trade practices, and social values, have contributed to the development of the archipelago's cultural identity. This integration not only enriches the local culture, but also expands the social and economic horizons of the community. The relationship between the two cultures is the foundation for emerging social and governmental dynamics, demonstrating the positive impact as well as the challenges faced in complex cultural interactions. This epoch is not just a story, but also a historical document that provides important insights into the development of maritime cultural identity in Southeast Asia. By tracing the intercultural relationships established in the La Galigo Epos, we can understand how these interactions shape the region's cultural diversity and richness, as well as provide valuable lessons for future generations in preserving cultural heritage.

Handling terrorism cases in Indonesia requires a careful approach considering the diversity of applicable legal sources, especially Islamic Law and Pancasila. This article explores harmonization efforts between the two legal systems in the context of countering terrorism. Islamic law, with its principles that emphasize justice, security and protection of society, offers an approach based on restoration and enforcement of social norms. On the other hand, Pancasila as the basis of the state and national ideology provides a normative framework that emphasizes unity, social justice and human rights. This study analyzes how the principles of Islamic law can be integrated with the Pancasila legal framework to create an effective legal system in dealing with terrorism. The research focus includes a review of existing laws and regulations, policies for handling terrorism, as well as the implementation and implementation of the law in practice. This article also identifies challenges that may arise in the harmonization process, including potential conflict of norms and differences in interpretation between Islamic Law and Pancasila. This study aims to provide strategic recommendations for policy makers and law enforcement officials to create a more holistic and harmonious approach in dealing with terrorism. It is hoped that the integration of the values of Islamic law with the principles of Pancasila can strengthen efforts to prevent and overcome terrorism, as well as maintain the diversity and unity of the nation. Thus, this research contributes to the development of legal policies that are more inclusive and fair, in accordance with the Indonesian social and cultural context.

Indonesia's constitutional reform since 1998 has brought significant changes to the governance system, legal framework, and the protection of civil rights. This study analyzes the impact of the reform on civil rights protection, focusing on the legal and policy dynamics in the post-reform period. Key changes include the amendments to the 1945 Constitution, decentralization of power, and the strengthening of state institutions such as the Constitutional Court. While the legal framework for human rights has been reinforced, challenges persist, including the harmonization of regional and national regulations and corruption, which undermines public access to basic rights such as healthcare, education, and justice. Decentralization often produces discriminatory policies against religious, ethnic, and sexual minorities, while past human rights violations and identity politics exacerbate social tensions. This study employs a normative method with historical and juridical approaches. To enhance civil rights protection, improved oversight of regional regulations, the abolition of discriminatory policies, anti-corruption measures, and transitional justice mechanisms for addressing past human rights violations are essential. Strengthening civil society and judicial reform are also critical steps toward achieving more effective and equitable civil rights protection.

Leadership plays a crucial role in conflict management within educational organizations. Conflicts, whether interpersonal or structural, are inevitable due to differences in backgrounds, interests, and objectives among individuals within the organization. This study aims to analyze the role of leadership in identifying, managing, and effectively resolving conflicts. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the research explores leadership styles such as transformational and collaborative leadership, which contribute to constructive conflict management. The results of the study indicate that leaders in educational organizations act as mediators, facilitators, and decision-makers capable of addressing conflicts through open and dialogical communication approaches. Furthermore, an inclusive, transparent, and justice-based organizational culture is identified as a key element in preventing future conflicts. Effective conflict management not only resolves issues but also strengthens interpersonal relationships and enhances overall organizational performance.

Islamic criminal law significantly contributes to shaping a civilized citizenry through the enforcement of principles of justice, responsibility, and respect for human rights. This article aims to analyze how Islamic criminal law, with a maqasid al-shariah approach, provides a moral and ethical foundation for developing individual character as part of a civic community. The study identifies the core elements of Islamic criminal law, such as the concepts of hudud, qisas, and ta'zir, and examines their implementation in the context of a modern pluralistic state. Using a normative-juridical method and a comparative approach, this article explores the harmonization of Islamic criminal law with the positive legal system in Indonesia. The findings indicate that Islamic criminal law not only seeks to uphold legal justice but also aims to build a society rooted in ethical and civilized values. Integrating these values into national legal policies has the potential to strengthen a civic identity that is religious, just, and civilized, while respecting societal diversity. This article recommends enhancing Islamic legal education as a strategic effort to create synergy between Islamic criminal law and the development of exemplary citizens.

This study explores the comparative analysis of civil rights between citizens and non-citizens, examining various regulations and their implementation in different countries. Citizenship often determines an individual's access to various civil rights, such as property ownership, access to justice, and contract rights. These differences in treatment can create injustices and discrimination against non-citizens. The study employs a normative legal approach with comparative and case study methodologies, focusing on regulations in Indonesia, the United States, Germany, and Japan. The findings reveal that in Indonesia, non-citizens face restrictions on property ownership, while in the United States and Japan, although regulations are more flexible, there are still limitations related to strategic or sensitive properties. In Germany, immigrants and asylum seekers often encounter greater legal barriers to accessing justice. Conversely, in countries like the United Kingdom and the United States, although there are no formal restrictions on contracts for non-citizens, they may face practical difficulties in accessing the necessary services to fulfill contractual obligations. The study recommends the need for more inclusive legal reforms to reduce inequalities and discrimination, and to enhance access to justice and civil rights for non-citizens. Additionally, strengthening legal aid services and international cooperation in civil law are suggested to ensure fair protection of rights for all individuals. The findings contribute significantly to the international civil law literature and provide valuable insights for policymakers in developing more equitable and sustainable policies in the era of globalization.

That every decision issued and/or action taken by state administration officials must be based on statutory regulations and General Principles of Good Government (AAUPB). In accordance with Article 9 paragraph (1) of Law no. 30 of 2014 concerning Government Administration, but in practice there are still many government officials who abuse their authority, therefore the existence of PTUN is a tool of control over government actions as well as a medium for the public to seek justice for government actions. Where the Ptun has the authority to resolve TUN disputes, as well as provide legal protection to the community for legal actions taken by the government through the PTUN. This research uses normative research using a conceptual and statutory approach. The legal materials used are: primary legal materials in the form of statutory regulations, secondary legal materials in the form of books, journals, articles and other legal doctrines. The legal material collection technique uses descriptive analysis. It can be concluded that the role of Ptun is in providing legal protection to citizens against detrimental administrative decisions, namely through supervision, giving administrative sanctions to government officials who do not implement court decisions, up to the execution of court decisions in the form of revoking government decisions.

This study explores the role of the Pujakesuma organization in instilling humanitarian values and improving social justice in Teladan Barat Village through the Warung Nusantara program. The community in this area, which is mostly from the lower middle class, faces challenges in meeting basic needs due to inflation and price fluctuations. Through Warung Nusantara, Pujakesuma provides basic necessities at affordable prices, helps the underprivileged and strengthens social solidarity. The research method used is qualitative descriptive, with data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that this program not only provides access to basic needs, but also educates the community about caring and solidarity. In addition, Pujakesuma serves as a role model for other organizations in improving social justice. However, the main challenge is gathering members who are willing to contribute voluntarily. This study is expected to provide insights for stakeholders to develop similar initiatives that are more effective.