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The short story Laki Sejati by Putu Wijaya is one of the works of Indonesian literature that depicts the dynamics of human life and internal conflicts. This research aims to analyze the intrinsic elements in the short story, including themes, characters and characterization, plot, setting, point of view, and mandate. Through this analysis, it is revealed how these intrinsic elements are used by the author to build a story that is evocative and full of meaning. The results of the analysis show that the main theme of this short story is the search for identity and the true meaning of "masculinity". The main character, who has an inner struggle in understanding the values of masculinity, is shown with a deep complexity of character. The progressive storyline with intense conflict takes the reader on the emotional journey of the main character, while the physical and social setting reinforces the realism of the story. A limited third-person perspective is used to explore the main character's perspective, revealing the inner dynamics that are the main focus of the story. The mandate contained in this short story invites readers to reflect on the true meaning of identity, courage, and happiness in life. This study concludes that the intrinsic elements in the short story Hukum Hukum are  used very effectively to describe the struggle of human beings in understanding their identity. This short story is not only a literary work, but also a philosophical reflection on life and the meaning of masculinity.

The legend of Situ Bagendit is one of the Indonesian folktales that is full of moral and cultural values. This research aims to analyze the intrinsic elements in the legend, including themes, characters and characters, plot, setting, point of view, mandate, and symbolism. Using a literary analysis approach, this study reveals how these elements work together to convey a strong moral message. The results of the analysis show that the main theme in the Situ Bagendit Legend is greed and its destructive impact. Nyi Endit, as the main character, represents bad behavior that leads to destruction, while beggars play a role as a symbol of justice and wisdom. The linear storyline and setting where Situ Bagendit reinforces the moral message it contains, namely the importance of sharing, staying away from greed, and living in harmony with others and nature. The message in this story remains relevant in the modern era, making it an effective learning medium to instill social and cultural values. Strong symbolism, such as a beggar's wand and overflowing water, adds depth to the story, giving it a broader dimension to its moral meaning. This study concluded that  the Situ Bagendit Legend not only functions as a traditional entertainment, but also as an important cultural heritage to be preserved. Through the analysis of intrinsic elements, this legend can be appreciated as a reflection of noble values that are relevant to the life of today's society.

This article discusses how churches are adapting their missiology in the digital age by combining traditional methods and modern technology to reach younger generations. Through a mixed-method approach and interviews with leaders of the GMIM Victory Minanga Indah church, the study found that technological advances have opened up significant opportunities for spreading the Gospel through social media and digital platforms. However, the main challenge is maintaining the depth and authenticity of the Gospel message amid the rapid and diverse flow of information. Therefore, ministry strategies must be innovative, contextual, and interactive to be more effective and relevant. The role of church leaders is crucial in managing technology while upholding theological values to ensure the mission remains rooted in Christian teachings. In conclusion, missiology in the digital age must be dynamic and adaptive, blending technology with the foundation of faith to expand the reach of ministry in an inclusive and sustainable manner.

The COVID-19 pandemic marked a significant turning point in the global church's approachto mission and ministry, particularly through the adoption of digital spaces. The rapid shift to digitalplatforms was not merely a practical adaptation but reflected a deeper transformation in how thechurch understands presence, community, and engagement in the world. This article aims to examinehow evangelism and discipleship practices have evolved in digital forms in the post-pandemic context,and to explore the theological and ethical implications of "digital presence" within contemporarymissiology. Using a practical theology approach, this study employs literature analysis, theologicalreflection, and case studies from digital church practices as its primary methods. The main findingsreveal that evangelism has shifted towards creative digital content targeting digital-native generations,while discipleship is increasingly practiced through online communities and digital spirituality. At thesame time, the study identifies key issues such as the validity of digital sacraments, the risk of faithcommodification, and the challenge of fostering authentic relationships in virtual spaces. This articlesynthesizes the idea that digital mission represents a new form of incarnational ministry in the digitalage, calling for a hybrid ecclesiology that integrates both physical and digital presence. In conclusion,digital mission is not simply a crisis response to the pandemic but a long-term theological and strategictransformation in how the church participates as the Body of Christ in a digitally connected world.

This study examines the SteCu Song (Aesthetic and Cultural Studies by Civitas) as a form of aesthetic movement that combines art, music, and Islamic philosophy. Through a historical-hermeneutic approach, the main question asked is: how can the SteCu Song be read as an aesthetic practice that is in line with the principles of Islamic music philosophy, especially as stated in the Book of al-Musiqa al-Kabir by al-Farabi? This study aims to examine the relationship between contemporary musical expression in the SteCu Song with aesthetic and ethical concepts in classical Islamic philosophy. The method used is descriptive qualitative with text analysis and musical practice, as well as a theoretical approach that refers to al-Farabi's thoughts on music as a means of forming the soul and morals. The main theoretical framework in this study is the theory of harmony of the soul and the educational function of music according to al-Farabi, which is combined with the theory of art as a medium of social meaning. The results of the study show that SteCu Songs are not only a form of artistic expression, but also contain educational and spiritual dimensions that are in line with al-Farabi's idea of ​​music as a means of purifying the soul (tazkiyat al-nafs). These songs present moral reflections, values ​​of togetherness, and calls for goodness, thus placing musical art in the context of progressive cultural da'wah. This study recommends the development of similar musical works as a medium for learning Islamic philosophy that is applicable and contextual.

This article aims to analyze the representation of the journalist profession in the novel Bulan Terbelah di Langit Amerika by Hanum Salsabiela Rais and Rangga Almahendra. Through Alfred Schutzl's representation theory approach, this study explores how the journalist profession is depicted in facing ethical, social, and professional challenges. The main focus of this study is on the character of Hanum who struggles to find sources, compose articles with sensitive themes, and face moral dilemmas amidst the issue of Islamophobia after the 9/11 tragedy. This study uses a qualitative method with text analysis to reveal the journalism process that Hanum undergoes as a reflection of the dynamics of the profession in the real world. The findings show that the journalist profession is depicted as a job that requires integrity, courage, and the ability to bridge different perspectives in stressful situations. This article is expected to provide insight into how literary works can represent the journalist profession and inspire further discussion on the role of journalism in shaping public perception.

This study aims to enhance students' learning outcomes in Natural Science (IPA) through the demonstration method in fourth-grade students at SD Inpres Teas, Noebeba District, Timor Tengah Selatan Regency. The research was motivated by low science learning outcomes, with 60% of students failing to meet the Minimum Competency Criteria (KKM) of 70. Conventional teaching methods contributed to students' passivity and lack of engagement. This Classroom Action Research (CAR) follows the Kemmis and McTaggart model, consisting of two cycles with four stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The study involved 10 fourth-grade students, with data collected through learning outcome tests, observations, and teacher interviews. Descriptive quantitative analysis compared student performance before and after intervention. Results indicated that the demonstration method effectively improved science learning outcomes. Initially, students scored an average of 73.5, with a mastery rate of 40%. After applying the demonstration method in cycle I, the average increased to 84.1, with 70% mastery. In cycle II, refining teaching strategies led to an average score of 90.1, with 90% mastery. The method also enhanced student engagement, teamwork, and conceptual understanding. These findings suggest that the demonstration method is an effective strategy for improving science learning outcomes. Teachers are encouraged to incorporate demonstrations regularly, and schools should provide necessary resources to optimize learning experiences.

Education is the main foundation in the formation of character and quality of human resources throughout the world. However, the development of technology, especially artificial intelligence (AI), has presented new challenges in the world of education, especially in maintaining the academic integrity of students. The convenience offered by AI is often used unethically, such as in plagiarism or manipulation of academic assignments. This phenomenon encourages the importance of an alternative approach that does not only rely on policy and supervision, but also instills strong moral values. This study examines the relevance of the Islamic educational psychology approach in strengthening the academic integrity of students in the AI era. This approach offers solutions based on Islamic values such as muraqabah (awareness of Allah's supervision), muhasabah (self-evaluation), and the habituation of noble morals. The study was conducted using a library research method by analyzing literature related to academic integrity, AI technology, and Islamic educational psychology, including the thoughts of Imam Al-Ghazali. The results of the study show that the Islamic values taught by Al-Ghazali are very relevant in overcoming the challenges of academic integrity caused by the development of AI technology. The principle of muraqabah helps students understand the ethical implications of their academic actions, while muhasabah encourages self-reflection to improve behavior. In addition, the habituation of values such as honesty and responsibility provides a long-term solution in shaping students' characters. This conclusion emphasizes the importance of integrating Islamic values into the higher education curriculum to create an academic environment with integrity and ethics amidst the advancement of modern technology.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the problem-based learning model (PBL) in improving the understanding of fiqh material and its implementation in class XI students of MA Plus Anas Bin Malik Lekong Rembuk. The PBL model was chosen because it is considered capable of encouraging active student involvement and developing critical thinking skills through solving real problems that are relevant to everyday life. This study uses a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach which is implemented in two cycles, each consisting of the planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. Data collection techniques include tests, observations, and interviews. The results of the study showed a significant increase in the understanding of fiqh concepts and active participation of students during the learning process. Students became more enthusiastic, able to express opinions, and demonstrate the ability to apply fiqh values in everyday life. Thus, the PBL model has proven effective in improving the quality of fiqh learning in madrasas and can be used as an alternative innovative learning strategy to improve learning outcomes and student character simultaneously.

This study explores the relationship between sign language and culture within the Deaf community. Sign language is not only a means of communication but also a reflection of the cultural identity and values held by Deaf individuals. Through qualitative analysis of various forms of communication within this community, the research reveals how sign language serves as a medium for expressing unique experiences, traditions, and social norms. The study also discusses the role of sign language in fostering solidarity and collective identity among community members, as well as the challenges faced in interactions with the hearing society. By examining linguistic and cultural aspects, this research aims to enhance understanding of communication within the Deaf community and highlight the importance of recognizing and valuing sign language as an integral part of cultural heritage. The findings are expected to provide deeper insights into the dynamics of communication and social interaction in diverse cultural contexts.

This study examines the intricate relationship between language use in literature and the cultural values it reflects. Language serves not only as a medium of communication but also as a vessel for cultural identity, beliefs, and social norms. Through a comparative analysis of literary works from diverse cultural backgrounds, this research highlights how authors employ language to convey their cultural narratives, ideologies, and ethical frameworks. The study focuses on various literary genres, including poetry, prose, and drama, to illustrate how linguistic choices—such as diction, syntax, and figurative language—embody the values and traditions of specific cultures. Additionally, the research investigates the impact of historical and social contexts on language use in literature, revealing how cultural shifts and globalization influence literary expression. By analyzing texts from different periods and regions, this study aims to demonstrate that literature not only reflects cultural values but also plays a crucial role in shaping and challenging them. Ultimately, the findings underscore the importance of understanding language in literature as a key to unlocking the deeper meanings of cultural identity and heritage.

This research aims to decrypt the implementation of Morning Spiritual Gathering (MSG) activities as an effort to increase the spiritual intelligence (SQ) of teachers at the Darul Ilmi Muhammadiyah Tarakan Islamic Boarding School. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documents. The results of the study show that the Morning Spiritual Gathering has a positive impact on improving the quality of teaching and interaction between teachers and students, as well as strengthening Islamic ukhuwah between teachers. In addition, this activity also increases teachers' sense of responsibility, patience, and empathy in teaching. MSG encourages teachers' self-reflection and creates a more Islamic environment, supporting the development of students' character. Some teachers proposed a variety of learning methods to increase participant engagement. Overall, MSG activities contribute to improving teachers' spiritual intelligence and a more conducive learning atmosphere in Islamic boarding schools.

This article aims to describe the influence of social media on the formation and spread of slang among students at Muhammadiyah University, Maumere. Social media, such as Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter, are not only a means of interaction, but also a major catalyst in creating and disseminating new terms. This phenomenon reflects students’ linguistic creativity and is also a reflection of the dynamics of digital culture. In the context of Maumere Muhammadiyah University students, the use of slang is not just a trend, but also a tool to adapt to a dynamic social environment. New terms that are popular on social media are often adopted in daily conversations as symbols of modern and contemporary identity. However, this phenomenon also raises challenges, especially related to the preservation of formal language and traditional values in communication. This article discusses the characteristics of slang that emerges from social media, its role in forming social identity, and its impact on the use of formal language. In conclusion, social media plays a significant role in shaping student communication patterns, but efforts are needed to maintain a balance between language creativity and the use of standard language in formal contexts.

This study aims to explore the development of teacher professionalism through Classroom Observation and Lesson Study at SMP Negeri 12 Bandung. This approach involves collaboration between school principals, supervisors, and teachers in designing more effective teaching strategies. The process encompasses planning, implementation, reflection, and sustainability stages. The findings reveal that these methods enhance student participation, improve teaching quality, and foster a collaborative work culture among teachers. Lesson Study also benefits the development of teachers' innovative skills, supports project-based learning, and enhances documentation of best practices through the Merdeka MengajarPlatform. By integrating Classroom Observation and Lesson Study, SMP Negeri 12 Bandung has successfully established a sustainable model for teacher professional development.

Education has a very important role in forming a generation that is intelligent, creative and has the ability to think critically. This research aims to improve the learning understanding of class 10 students at SMA Negeri 1 Galang on GIS material through a Project Based Learning (PBL) learning model. This research can provide new insights into the use of the Project Based Learning approach as an effective learning method in teaching complex material. This research uses the Kemmis and Mc model. Taggart as a PTK procedure, which consists of two cycles. Each cycle consists of implementation, action, observation and reflection. From this research, it was found that the Project-Based Learning (PBL) learning model can improve the understanding of class 10 students at SMAN 1 Galang in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) material in geography subjects. This increase in understanding can be seen from the increase in the average value in the cycle -1 and cycle-2 application of the Project-Based Learning (PBL) model. The average value of students in cycle-1 was 81.94 and in cycle-2 there was an increase in the average value of students by 91.94. The implementation of the Project-Based Learning (PBL) model is considered successful in increasing students' understanding because they have achieved the predetermined success indicators.

Domestic violence (DV) is a phenomenon that significantly impacts the physical, psychological, and spiritual well-being of victims. This study aims to explore the role of pastoral counseling in assisting victims of domestic violence, specifically a woman named Ibu Butet, who experienced physical and psychological abuse from her husband and her husband’s family. A qualitative approach with a case study method was used to delve into Ibu Butet's experiences through empathetic pastoral interviews rooted in Christian spirituality. The pastoral care process focused on inner healing, discovering life’s meaning, and strengthening faith as a source of hope.The findings show that pastoral counseling provides a safe space for victims to express their emotional wounds, overcome trauma, and find new strength through spiritual reflection and prayer. In this context, the role of pastors or counselors as compassionate listeners embodying Christ’s love is crucial to the healing process. The study concludes that pastoral counseling not only helps victims cope with their suffering but also guides them to find renewed hope and purpose in life amidst difficult circumstances.

Christian Religious Education (PAK) has a very important role in building students' moral values, especially in the context of education in Indonesia which is implemented based on the Independent Curriculum. This research aims to examine how the Christian Religious Education Curriculum contributes to the formation of students' moral values. This literature review explores various literature that discusses the basic concepts and principles of PAK as well as the implementation of this curriculum in moral education. Based on literature analysis, it can be concluded that the Independent Curriculum provides space for deepening moral values through a more flexible and contextual approach. In this curriculum, teachers are expected not only to convey religious teaching material but also to instill Christian values which include love, justice, forgiveness and social responsibility to students. Project-based learning, reflection, and collaboration in the classroom are some of the main strategies proposed to build student character according to the teachings of the Bible. Thus, PAK through the Merdeka Curriculum plays a significant role in forming students' moral character of quality and noble character.    

The Jacob Children's Community is a service initiative that was formed as a response to the challenges faced by children in the Silangkitang area after the COVID-19 pandemic. The main focus of this community is to provide holistic education that includes academic, spiritual and character building aspects. The facilitators try to overcome the impact of social isolation and dependence on devices experienced by children by holding teaching activities, Bible studies, as well as moral and environmental awareness training. Through inclusive and love-based methods, this community plays an important role in forming a generation that is not only intelligent, but also has character and cares about the surrounding environment. This article discusses theological reflections on the services carried out in this community, referring to Biblical values ​​and the views of theologians such as John Wesley and Dietrich Bonhoeffer, who emphasized the importance of education as a means of forming faith and character. The Jacob's Children Community makes a significant contribution in facing post-pandemic social challenges by educating and developing children through a comprehensive and loving approach.

In the effort to explore the true dimensions of life, humans should not focus solely on the empirical and a priori levels. To achieve a deeper understanding, one must free oneself from all forms of attachment to things that are empirical and a priori. Deep reflection is necessary so that the fundamental principles can be discovered, leading to a more essential understanding of reality. This paper aims to analyze the metaphysical dimension contained within the dolop ritual. The findings of this study show that metaphysical reflection can overcome the limited view of reality that is apparent on the surface, which often feels "real" but is actually deceptive. Unknowingly, such views fall into the ideological realm that restricts and binds, causing humans to become trapped in the sacralization of space, time, and place that color the Kasada ritual ceremony. Based on these findings, the study of the metaphysical dimension continues by delving deeper into the existence and meaning of the symbols present. This exploration ultimately concludes that the metaphysical dimension in the dolop ritual of the Dayak Agabag community is, in fact, a representation or miniature of life itself. This ritual is not merely a ceremony, but a broader representation of life that must be understood in a deeper context.

This article examines the theme "Between Worldly Lust and Closeness to God" through an analysis of James 4:1-10 in a contemporary context. The main focus of this article is to explore the conflict between worldly desires and the call to live in humility before God. Through text exgestion, it is found that disputes and dissatisfaction often arise from unsatisfied desires. James emphasizes the importance of self-surrender and humility as a way to draw closer to God, and warns us of the dangers of "friendship with the world" which can alienate us from deep spiritual connection. This article also highlights the relevance of James' teachings in facing the challenges of modern life, where individuals are often trapped in a cycle of ambition and busyness. By applying the principles of humility, repentance, and concrete action, individuals can find deeper meaning and purpose. As a suggestion, it is important for readers to do self-reflection and get involved in a community that supports the spiritual journey. The conclusion of this study is that although worldly challenges are very real, there is a path to achieving closeness to God through awareness and commitment in everyday life.