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Adolescent mental health is an important issue in the world. In Indonesia, the prevalence of mental disorders in adolescents is still high, but awareness of prevention and treatment is relatively low. This research aims to analyze the influence of knowledge on behavior to prevent mental disorders in students at SMA Muhammadiyah 4 Yogyakarta. The research uses quantitative methods with a pre-test and post-test design without a control group (one group pre-test post-test design). Education is provided in the form of counseling, followed by measuring the level of knowledge and behavior before and after the intervention. Data analysis was carried out using the Wilcoxon test with SPSS software. The results showed a significant increase in post-test scores compared to pre-test (significant value = 0.011). Effective education increases students' awareness and preventive behavior towards mental disorders. Therefore, mental health education programs need to be implemented on an ongoing basis to create a mentally and emotionally healthy generation.

Bullying among students is a serious issue that impacts their mental, physical, and social well-being and disrupts learning activities at school. This study aims to explore the role of teachers in preventing bullying in schools through collaborative art education, utilizing a case study approach at an elementary school. Collaborative art was chosen as a method due to its potential to encourage positive interactions and empathy development among students. Data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews with teachers, and focus group discussions with participating students. The results indicate that teacher-facilitated collaborative art effectively reduces bullying behaviors, fosters harmonious relationships among students, and enhances social skills and empathy. In conclusion, collaborative art education shows promise as a preventive method against bullying, and it is recommended for broader integration as part of character education strategies in schools.

This systematic review examines the effectiveness of antenatal classes in improving pregnant women's attitudes towards stunting prevention. The review analyzed 28 studies published between 2018 and 2023, focusing on developing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia. The methodology followed PRISMA guidelines, utilizing multiple academic databases. The analysis revealed that structured antenatal classes significantly improved maternal knowledge about stunting (68% increase in knowledge scores) and led to positive behavioral changes in nutritional practices. Regular attendance at comprehensive antenatal classes was associated with better pregnancy outcomes, with participants showing 75% higher rates of implementing recommended nutritional guidelines. Key success factors included regular class frequency, interactive teaching methods, cultural sensitivity, and strong community support. However, significant challenges were identified, including resource limitations, access barriers, and cultural resistance. The review highlighted successful adaptations such as hybrid learning models and community-based approaches. Recommendations include strengthening program design through evidence-based approaches, enhancing community engagement, developing sustainable funding mechanisms, and implementing robust monitoring systems. This review underscores the vital role of antenatal classes in stunting prevention while emphasizing the need for continued research to address existing challenges and enhance program effectiveness across diverse settings.

This research examines the issue of contract marriages in Indonesia, focusing on the legal gaps that result in uncertainty and negative impacts on women and children. Despite the increasing prevalence of contract marriages, there is no clear regulation in the Marriage Law or criminal law governing this practice, placing individuals involved in vulnerable positions, especially women who are often victims of exploitation and violence. Through an analysis of existing regulations and their impact on social structures, this study highlights the need for legal reform, including the revision of Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage and the formulation of specific legislation to prohibit contract marriages. This research also recommends strengthening the oversight system, law enforcement, and providing protection services for women and children to create a safer and more equitable environment.  

Posyandu Balita in Kendal Paiton Hamlet has a strategic role in improving the health of pregnant women and early childhood, amidst the problem of malnutrition that is often experienced by pregnant women, especially in developing countries. Malnutrition, including chronic energy deficiency (CED), is at risk of increasing long-term health problems such as stunting which affects the quality of Human Resources (HR) in the future. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Student Creativity Program (PKM) activities in increasing the knowledge and awareness of pregnant women in Kendal Paiton Hamlet regarding the importance of fulfilling nutrition during pregnancy and its impact on preventing stunting. This study used a method used to provide socialization and training in understanding applications about children using a pretest-posttest to measure changes in respondents' knowledge and attitudes before and after participating in PKM activities. The pretest results showed that pregnant women's knowledge about nutrition and stunting was relatively low, with an average score of 45%. After participating in PKM activities, in the posttest, the average score increased to 75%, indicating a significant increase in pregnant women's understanding of the importance of balanced nutrition to prevent stunting. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the PKM activity has succeeded in increasing the knowledge and awareness of pregnant women in Kendal Paiton Hamlet regarding nutrition and stunting problems, which are expected to have a positive impact on maternal and child health in the future.

Marriage at an early age is a phenomenon that still occurs in various parts of the world, including Indonesia. This research aims to analyze the factors that cause marriage at an early age and its juridical implications based on applicable laws and regulations. The research method used is a qualitative approach with normative juridical analysis, which involves literature study and interviews with various parties, including community leaders, parents and teenagers. The research results show that the factors causing marriage at an early age include social pressure, cultural norms, poverty and lack of education. In addition, although Law no. 16 of 2019 has set a minimum age limit for marriage, implementation of the law still faces various challenges, such as community non-compliance and lack of socialization regarding these regulations. This research recommends the need to increase public education and awareness about the negative impacts of marriage at an early age as well as strengthening the role of child protection institutions in preventing this practice. In this way, it is hoped that a safer and more supportive environment for children's development can be created.

This research aims to describe and compare the morphological characteristics of spores in Thallophyta (lichens) and Bryophyta (mosses). The research was conducted at the Biology Laboratory of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung for one week. This study employed a descriptive method with macroscopic and microscopic observations. Samples of lichens and mosses were analyzed using a light microscope. The results showed that Thallophyta spores have asymmetrical morphology, are pale green, have a count of 15 spores, and are adaptive to extreme conditions. In contrast, Bryophyta spores are round and flat, with a reddish-brown capsule, and a larger number of spores, namely 67. These differences reflect the unique adaptation strategies of the two groups to their respective environments. Lichens, which are a symbiosis between fungi and algae, serve as indicators of environmental quality and grow on various substrates, including polluted areas. Meanwhile, mosses play an important role in maintaining soil moisture, preventing erosion, and supporting water and carbon cycles.

Pregnancy is the growth and development of an intrauterine fetus starting from conception and ending until the start of labor. The duration of pregnancy from ovulation to parturition is approximately 280 days (40 weeks). One of the problems that often occurs is anemia in pregnancy. Many pregnant women do not know about anemia and how to prevent it. The factors that influence the level of maternal knowledge about preventing anemia are education, age, type of work, gestational age. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and support of families towards pregnant women. This study used a quantitative descriptive design with a Spearman rho statistical test research design and used the technique snowball sampling. The instrument in this study was a questionnaire about the level of knowledge of pregnant women, family support and preventive behavior. The location was at the Genteng Kulon Health Center, Genteng District in July 2024. From the results of the study with the Spearman rho statistical test using SPSS on the level of knowledge, it was found that the level of significance value of 0.001. At the Genteng Kulon Health Center, Genteng District. From the results of this study, it is suggested that there is a need for direction and counseling from officers for IEC to pregnant women regarding increasing pregnant women and family support for anemia prevention behavior in pregnant women.

The phenomenon of nikah siri and underage marriage in Indonesia reflects complex legal and social challenges. Although Law No. 1/1974 and its revision through Law No. 16/2019 have set the minimum age for marriage at 19 years, the practice remains widespread, particularly in rural areas. Nikah siri, which are not officially recorded, are often performed for economic reasons, ignorance of the law, or social pressure. As a result, couples and children from these marriages face legal uncertainty, such as difficulties in obtaining birth certificates, inheritance rights, and legal protection. This research uses normative legal research methods. Isbat nikah emerged as a solution to legalize unregistered marriages, including for underage couples. However, this mechanism poses a dilemma: on the one hand it provides legal protection for couples and children, but on the other hand it opens a loophole to legitimize child marriages that violate the principles of child protection and gender equality. The role of the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) and Religious Courts is crucial in enforcing the law and preventing abuse of isbat nikah. Through this research, it is recommended that regulations be tightened, communities educated and KUAs strengthened to ensure harmony between formal law and community needs, while still protecting children's rights.

The recovery of state/regional assets is one of the important strategies in preventing corruption in Indonesia. The AGO, as a law enforcement agency, has a central role in restoring state assets suspected of being the proceeds of corruption. However, in practice, the AGO faces various obstacles that affect the effectiveness of asset recovery. Legal constraints such as overlapping regulations, complicated procedures, and asset ownership, are core difficulties. In addition, limited human resources and technology, as well as socio-political factors involving corruption in government institutions, also worsen the asset recovery process. This research focuses on identifying and analyzing the obstacles faced by the AGO in recovering state and regional assets. It also aims to outline the necessary steps to enhance the AGO's effectiveness in preventing corruption.

Low fiber consumption among university students increases the risk of chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, and diabetes. Many students prioritize convenient eating habits and are influenced by peer groups, often overlooking the importance of fiber intake in their daily diet. This educational program aims to enhance students' knowledge about the benefits of fiber consumption through interactive audio and visual media. The program applies the Health Belief Model (HBM) theory to design educational content in the form of videos and posters distributed via the social media platform Instagram. Involving 26 student respondents from various faculties at Halu Oleo University, the results showed a significant improvement in students' understanding of the health benefits of fiber, types of fiber-rich foods, and the role of fiber in preventing chronic diseases. Education through engaging media successfully increased students' motivation to improve their dietary habits by incorporating more fiber into their diets.

Stress and burnout among healthcare workers represent a global crisis with significant implications for psychological and physical health, job performance, and interpersonal skills. These conditions are linked to anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, substance use, poor quality of life, digestive disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. Burnout is characterized by emotional fatigue, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, often caused by chronic workplace stress. Factors such as demographics, fatigue, and resilience influence its development and severity. Traditional stress management interventions, such as counselling and leave, often prove insufficient in addressing these challenges. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) provide innovative tools for stress and burnout management, including mobile applications offering mindfulness, meditation, and self-care resources. AI systems like IBM Watson and Google DeepMind are being tested to enhance accessibility and effectiveness in stress management. Additionally, Stress Inoculation Training (SIT), involving methods such as meditation, yoga, cognitive-behavioural therapy, and biofeedback, has been recognized as a proactive approach to mitigating stress. This review explores the factors contributing to stress and burnout in healthcare workers and evaluates interventions aimed at improving well-being and productivity, emphasizing the potential of AI and SIT in preventing and managing these conditions.

This abstract discusses the importance of preventing corruption through effective implementation of the law, especially in relation to stakeholders. Corruption is a serious threat to public trust and the stability of government and private institutions. Strict and fair application of the law is very necessary to create a transparent and accountable environment. By implementing clear rules and heavy sanctions, acts of corruption can be minimized. Active participation of stakeholders, including government, civil society and the private sector, is also very necessary in monitoring and supporting efforts to prevent corruption. This will create good governance and strengthen public trust in institutions.

Shirk, the sin of associating partners with Allah, poses a significant threat to the foundation of faith among Muslims. In the Qur'an, shirk is described as the greatest sin that will not be forgiven except through sincere repentance. This article aims to explore the concept of shirk, define its various forms, and provide examples of major (akbar) and minor (ashgar) shirk. Using a qualitative approach, this research analyzes Islamic literature and Qur'anic verses to examine the impact of shirk on the spiritual and moral lives of Muslims. The findings indicate that shirk can damage an individual's relationship with Allah and threaten moral integrity. In modern contexts, shirk may also manifest in subtle forms, such as materialism. Education on Tawhid, emphasizing the oneness of Allah, is crucial in preventing shirk. This study seeks to raise awareness about the dangers of shirk and the importance of maintaining pure faith. With a better understanding of shirk, it is hoped that individuals can avoid such practices and align their lives with Islamic teachings.

Toothpaste is an essential product for maintaining dental health, where fluoride is one of the key components commonly added. Fluoride plays a crucial role in strengthening enamel and preventing cavities, but the fluoride content in toothpaste must be adjusted according to age groups to avoid the risk of fluorosis, especially in children The literature review aims to evaluate the fluoride content in toothpaste analyzed using potentiometric methods with fluoride ion-selective electrodes (F-ISE). Through a literature review of five research articles published from 2014 to 2024, significant variations in fluoride levels were found. Some products met WHO standards (1000–1500 ppm), while others did not meet criteria, having either too low or too high fluoride content. The potentiometric method proved to be accurate and reliable; however, stricter supervision and regulations are needed to ensure product safety. In conclusion, it is important for consumers to understand the fluoride levels in the toothpaste they use and to ensure the selection of safe and effective products.

Community Service Activities were carried out at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 1 Mojokerto with the target of understanding legal socialization related to preventing deviant behavior from an Islamic legal perspective. Implementation of community service The main aim of this activity is to increase insight and knowledge regarding the prevention of deviant behavior from an Islamic Law perspective at MAN 1 Mojokerto. In order to increase knowledge and insight regarding deviant behavior carried out by teenagers and how it is regulated in Islamic law. Therefore, the socialization carried out at MAN 1 Mojokerto, Mojosari District, Mojokerto Regency is very important to carry out. Where adolescence is a transition period from childhood to adulthood, where children are not yet fully able to be independent. At this time, teenagers are at the stage of searching for self-identity which is full of various problems. One of the problems experienced by teenagers in their lives is related to deviant behavior. Deviant behavior is chaotic behavior that causes a teenager to be nervous, nervous and act uncontrollably. This behavior is often a reflection of anti-social personality in teenagers, we can see this from behavior that does not heed religious and social norms. Trigger factors can come from the individual teenager himself (internal) or outside the teenager himself (external). As parents, educators (teachers) should naturally contribute to resolving deviant behavior in adolescents. Emotional development in adolescents has not yet reached stability, so to help solve the problem we must understand its characteristics.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how urgent it is for higher education institutions to adopt conflict management practices. Conflicts in the workplace are often caused by different perceptions, so it is very important to manage them effectively. In this study, participants from higher education organizations at a private university in Yogyakarta participated in interviews using descriptive qualitative methodology. The findings of the study indicate that conflict management can be beneficial for business in addition to being important for preventing losses. Effective problem solving is a sign of successful conflict management, where the ability of individuals to communicate effectively under the direction of a capable leader is essential to achieving common goals. Awareness of problems and conflict resolution skills can improve outcomes and strengthen companies in the face of adversity. This study confirms that the implementation of effective conflict management is essential for the development of higher education organizations.

Spices are parts of plants such as leaves, stems, rhizomes, seeds and other parts. One product made from spices is a functional drink. This functional drink has many good benefits for the body, including preventing various diseases, preventing the aging process, and maintaining the body's immune system. Herbal drinks are a functional drink that has many benefits for the body, the basic ingredients for which are made using spices that are often found around. People in Cimalaka Village are used to using kitchen spices to make herbal drinks.  The aim of this research is to determine the benefits of kitchen spices used by the people of Cimalaka Village as ingredients for making herbal drinks which are commonly consumed by the people in the village. The research was conducted in September-November 2024. The method used in this research used a quantitative approach with the measurement parameters Use Value (UV) and Informant Consensus Factor (ICF). This sample was taken using the snawball sampling technique with a total of 31 respondents. The research results showed that the highest spice utilization value was lemongrass (UV = 0.61) with a UV percentage of 22%, and the lowest spice utilization value was garlic (UV = 0.16) with a UV percentage of 6%. With the highest ICF value of 1, namely rheumatism, gout and gastritis with a percentage value for each disease of 21%. And the disease with the lowest uniformity value, the ICF value is 0.86, namely cholesterol disease with a percentage value of 18%. Herbal drinks have benefits for the people of Cimalaka Village which can be seen from the diversity of benefits.

The necessity of law in upholding the principles of the constitution, particularly in governing various aspects of people’s lives, notably its enforcement and impact on economic advancement, holds significant importance. Economic law emerged in response to the rapid expansion and progress of both domestic and global economies. Across nations, legal frameworks are utilized to regulate and supervise economic and socio-technical activities, ensuring that economic progression does not compromise individuals’ rights and welfare. The introduction of the Business Competition Law was aimed at fostering a competitive market economy, allowing for fair competition between economic entities and society. The primary objective of this legislation is to forestall monopolistic practices and unfair business competition. Through the enforcement of business competition law, the aspiration is to attain economic efficiency, leading to the enhancement of public welfare. Monopolistic activities contribute to economic disparities, adversely impacting societal harmony. For instance, collusion among businesses to dictate prices can harm consumers significantly. Essentially, a select few enterprises can engage in agreements to segment markets, control prices, regulate the quality and quantity of goods and services (through cartels), all geared towards maximizing profits swiftly. Such anti-competitive practices are unjust and disadvantageous to consumers. In the global context, fostering healthy business competition is crucial to preventing detrimental business practices and promoting fair economic competition.

This study aims to describe the role of parents in preventing gadget addiction in children in order to minimize obstacles in the process of child development. The research was conducted at Rumah Baca Kita Buniseuri, DusunKidul, Buniseuri, Cipaku, Ciamis, for two months from September 1 to November 1, 2024. A descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study with purposive sampling technique, which involved parents who actively use gadgets and play a role in children's learning at home. Data were collected through observation, interviews, data reduction, and documentation, and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman technique with triangulation for data validity. The results show that gadget addiction in children can be overcome by the active role of parents in supervising and limiting the use of gadgets, as well as encouraging children's interest in reading through reading together and utilizing public facilities such as Rumah Baca Kita. This research has important implications in efforts to improve the quality of child development through collaboration between parents and non-formal education facilities.