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This study aims to improve student engagement and learning outcomes in the subject of Natural and Social Sciences (Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial / IPAS) through the implementation of the Auditory, Intellectually, Repetition (AIR) learning model in a fourth-grade elementary school class. The initial problem indicated that student engagement in learning was still low, at 37.5%, with learning mastery reaching only 33.3% and an average class score of 68.0, which did not meet the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM) of 75. Therefore, improvement efforts were needed through the implementation of a more active and student-centered learning model. This study employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach conducted in two cycles, where each cycle consisted of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The research subjects were 24 fourth-grade students. Data collection techniques included observation of student engagement, learning outcome evaluation tests, field notes, and documentation. Student engagement data were analyzed using percentages, while learning outcomes were analyzed through mean scores and the percentage of classical learning mastery. The results showed a significant improvement in each cycle. In Cycle I, student engagement increased to 62.5%, with learning mastery reaching 54.17% and an average score of 74.29, although it had not yet achieved classical completeness. In Cycle II, student engagement increased to 87.5%, with learning mastery reaching 100% and an average score of 85.42. These improvements indicate that the implementation of the AIR model was able to gradually and sustainably enhance both the learning process and outcomes. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the Auditory, Intellectually, Repetition (AIR) learning model is effective in improving student engagement and learning outcomes in IPAS. This model can serve as an alternative learning strategy to create a more active, systematic, and student-centered learning environment.

The rapid advancement of technology has significantly impacted the field of education, making learning more interactive and engaging. This study aims to investigate the implementation of Google Sites in enhancing the learning motivation of eighth-grade students at SMPN 1 Polongbangkeng Utara in science subjects. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (PTK) approach with a quantitative descriptive method, involving 32 students as participants. Data were collected through observations, questionnaires, and documentation over two cycles of learning interventions. The results showed that students’ learning motivation increased progressively from the pre-cycle, with a low average of 38%, to cycle I with 55% (moderate), and reached 78% (high) in cycle II. Indicators such as diligence, perseverance, attention, achievement, and independence showed significant improvement after utilizing Google Sites. These findings suggest that Google Sites, as an interactive and easily accessible digital learning media, can effectively stimulate student engagement, facilitate understanding of complex concepts, and foster independent learning. The study highlights the potential of integrating technology-based media to enhance motivation in science education.

  The rapid advancement of technology has significantly impacted the field of education, making learning more interactive and engaging. This study aims to investigate the implementation of Google Sites in enhancing the learning motivation of eighth-grade students at SMPN 1 Polongbangkeng Utara in science subjects. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (PTK) approach with a quantitative descriptive method, involving 32 students as participants. Data were collected through observations, questionnaires, and documentation over two cycles of learning interventions. The results showed that students’ learning motivation increased progressively from the pre-cycle, with a low average of 38%, to cycle I with 55% (moderate), and reached 78% (high) in cycle II. Indicators such as diligence, perseverance, attention, achievement, and independence showed significant improvement after utilizing Google Sites. These findings suggest that Google Sites, as an interactive and easily accessible digital learning media, can effectively stimulate student engagement, facilitate understanding of complex concepts, and foster independent learning. The study highlights the potential of integrating technology-based media to enhance motivation in science education.

Thesis by Gisela Nana, Nim 2386206182 entitled “ The influence of the media images of the students learning in subjects IPA about animal classification according to the type of food in class IV SDI Manumuti Malaka District”. This research of this study is to determine the students learning outcomes after using picture media in science subject on animal classfication based of food types. The method used the quantitative descriptive method. This study was conducted in SDI Manumuti, Umanen Lawalu Village, District Malaka Tengah, District of malaka. Data collection technique is a test and analysis technique used are simple linear regression statistical analysis. From the results of the study prove that as many as 18 people or 99% of students gaining higt grades in learning outcomes, whereas 1 or equal to 1% less value in learning outcomes. It is evident from the results of test calculations of  Fcount  = 5,70 which is significantly larger than the Ftable at the significant level of 5% N= 18 at 4,49 or equal to Fcount  ≥ Ftable  or 5,70 ≥ 4,49. Based on the above results the value of Fcount  is greater than Ftable namely Fcount = 5,70 and F table =4,49. Then Ho is rejected and Ha accepted. It can be concluded that there is the influence of the media images of the students learning in subjects IPA about animal classifacation according to the type of food in class IV SDI Manumuti Malaka District.  

This study aims to examine the application of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model assisted by animated videos in improving problem-solving skills in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subjects. The study used a quasi-experimental approach with a one-group pretest and posttest design. The subjects were 30 fifth-grade elementary school students selected as samples. The research instruments included a problem-solving ability test and an observation sheet for the implementation of learning. The results showed a significant increase in students' problem-solving skills after being treated through the PjBL model assisted by animated videos. The average posttest score was higher than the pretest, so it can be concluded that this learning strategy is effective in improving student learning outcomes. The use of animated videos helped students to visualize abstract concepts and engage more actively in the learning process. In addition, the results of observations of the implementation of learning showed that students became more active, enthusiastic, and able to work together in groups to complete the project. Student activity increased gradually, starting from the project planning stage, information collection, to the presentation of results. The teacher acted as a facilitator who provided direction and guidance, while students were directly involved in each process. This indicates that the integration of technology-based media supports collaborative and student-centered learning. Therefore, the implementation of the Project-Based Learning model with animated videos is not only effective in improving problem-solving skills but also fosters overall student engagement in science learning. Therefore, this learning model can be recommended as an innovative strategy to enhance problem-solving skills in primary education.

This research aims to improve the learning outcomes of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) by applying a discovery learning model assisted by image media in grade V of SD Nurul Khoir, Jambi City. The method used is Class Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation of actions, observation, and reflection. The research subjects amounted to 26 students. Data collection techniques are carried out through learning outcome tests, observation of teacher and student activities, and documentation. The results of the study showed a significant increase in the completeness of student learning outcomes. In cycle I, completeness reached 73.92%, and increased to 85.30% in cycle II. This improvement shows that the application of the discovery learning model combined with image media is effective in improving IPAS learning outcomes. This model encourages active involvement of students in the learning process, fosters curiosity, and hones critical and logical thinking skills. Image media as a visual aid has also been proven to be able to strengthen concept understanding and improve students' memory of the material studied. In addition, the learning process becomes more fun and meaningful because students are directly involved in the activity of discovering concepts through the stages of observing, questioning, gathering information, reasoning, and concluding. Teachers are no longer the center of information, but play the role of learning facilitators. This strategy is also relevant to the cognitive development characteristics of elementary school students who tend to favor concrete and visual learning. Thus, the application of the discovery learning model assisted by image media can be an alternative to an effective and innovative learning strategy in improving social studies learning outcomes. Teachers are advised to continue to develop adaptive, creative, and contextual learning methods and media.

This research aims to improve the learning outcomes of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) by applying a discovery learning model assisted by image media in grade V of SD Nurul Khoir, Jambi City. The method used is Class Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation of actions, observation, and reflection. The research subjects amounted to 26 students. Data collection techniques are carried out through learning outcome tests, observation of teacher and student activities, and documentation. The results of the study showed a significant increase in the completeness of student learning outcomes. In cycle I, completeness reached 73.92%, and increased to 85.30% in cycle II. This improvement shows that the application of the discovery learning model combined with image media is effective in improving IPAS learning outcomes. This model encourages active involvement of students in the learning process, fosters curiosity, and hones critical and logical thinking skills. Image media as a visual aid has also been proven to be able to strengthen concept understanding and improve students' memory of the material studied. In addition, the learning process becomes more fun and meaningful because students are directly involved in the activity of discovering concepts through the stages of observing, questioning, gathering information, reasoning, and concluding. Teachers are no longer the center of information, but play the role of learning facilitators. This strategy is also relevant to the cognitive development characteristics of elementary school students who tend to favor concrete and visual learning. Thus, the application of the discovery learning model assisted by image media can be an alternative to an effective and innovative learning strategy in improving social studies learning outcomes. Teachers are advised to continue to develop adaptive, creative, and contextual learning methods and media.

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) through the application of the Discovery Learning model assisted by image media in grade V of Nurul Khoir Elementary School, Jambi City. This study is a classroom action research (CAR) conducted in two cycles, with each cycle consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The subjects in this study were 26 fourth-grade students. Data collection techniques used included tests, observation, and documentation to obtain more comprehensive data on student learning outcomes. The results of the study showed an increase in student learning outcomes in each cycle. In cycle I, the percentage of student learning outcomes reached 73.92%, and increased in cycle II to 85.30%. This increase indicates that the application of the Discovery Learning model assisted by image media can improve student learning outcomes in the subject of IPAS. The Discovery Learning model provides opportunities for students to learn actively and independently, by utilizing attractive image media and making it easier for students to understand the concepts taught. Thus, this model can be used as an alternative in a more effective and interesting learning process. Furthermore, the implementation of this model also had a positive impact on student engagement in learning activities, making the teaching and learning process more interactive and enjoyable. This study recommends that the Discovery Learning model, assisted by image media, be applied more widely across various subjects to improve the quality of learning in elementary schools. In the future, this research can also be continued by examining the application of similar models in other subjects and measuring their impact on improving students' cognitive abilities and overall skills.

This study aims to develop and produce a product used as a learning medium in grade V, namely a learning video media based on the Canva application in the Science lesson Harmony in Ecosystems to improve student learning outcomes. This type of research and development (RnD) uses the ADDIE model which includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The instrument used is a questionnaire. The product developed must go through a validity test conducted to determine the feasibility, effectiveness and practicality before being used in learning. The feasibility test was obtained from the review of media experts obtaining a score of 90% and material experts obtained 85% in the very feasible category, the practicality of this media was obtained from the review of practitioner experts with a score of 96% in the very practical category. The effectiveness of the learning media product was obtained from the results of student tests that before using the product, 6 out of 29 students completed with a percentage of 20% completion, after using the product the percentage increased to 93% experiencing an increase of 73% with a total of 27 out of 29 students completing. This shows that the media developed is effective in improving student understanding as seen from student learning outcomes. The developed media is feasible, practical, and effective for use in the Harmony in Ecosystems learning material.

The research conducted in class X IPA SMA Negeri 1 Rengat aims to determine the level of student learning difficulties in biology subjects in class X IPA SMA Negeri 1 Rengat. This study used a cluster sampling sample with a population of 90 students of class X IPA. Data analysis in this study used percentage techniques. The results of the study showed that the level of learning difficulties of students at SMA Negeri 1 Rengat, physiological indicators were 56.4% in the sufficient category, psychological indicators were 65.26% in the sufficient category, family indicators were 66.01% in the sufficient category, school indicators were 59.46% in the sufficient category, community indicators were 62.5% in the sufficient category, the average overall percentage was 61.92% in the good enough category.

Education is a conscious and planned effort to create a learning atmosphere and process to enable students to actively develop their potential to possess strength, spirituality/religion, self-control, personality, intelligence, noble character, and the skills they possess for themselves, the community, the nation, and the state. Critical thinking is a cognitive process undertaken by students to systematically and thoroughly analyze a problem, carefully distinguish the problem, and identify and evaluate information in order to formulate problem-solving strategies. This study aims to analyze students' critical thinking abilities. The subjects of the research are fifth-grade students of SDN 1 Bandung, totaling 19 students. Data collection techniques include tests, interviews, and documentation. The data is analyzed using individual qualitative descriptive methods and per indicator. The research results show that students' critical thinking abilities are categorized into high, medium, and low levels. There are 47.38% of students in the high critical thinking category, 26.31% in the medium critical thinking category, and 26.31% in the low critical thinking category.

This study aims to describe the utilization of the surrounding environment (compost) as a learning resource in the subject of science for grade III at MIN 21 Jakarta TimurDistrict. The researcher used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The researcher collected data through observation, interviews and documentation related to the utilization of organic waste as a learning resource or learning media conducted with grade III teachers at MIN 21 Jakarta TimurDistrict. The results of the study showed that the utilization of the surrounding environment (compost) namely the use of compost as a learning resource can improve students' process skills in science subjects. Through the utilization of compost, students are more active in learning outdoors because it is more fun, students can also see directly what is being learned if they use real sources that are in the school environment. It is important to remember that students' learning preferences and levels of understanding can vary. Some students may be more responsive to this learning method, while others may need a different learning approach. Here are some recommendations for the utilization of the surrounding environment (compost) as a learning resource in science subjects, namely about the benefits of compost and experiments in making compost.

This study aims to describe and explain the challenges and obstacles in implementing differentiated learning in Science and Social Studies (IPAS) for fourth-grade students at Galeh 1 Public Elementary School, Tangen District, Sragen Regency, in the  2024/2025 academic year. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method, with the study conducted at Galeh 01 Elementary School in April 2025. The research subjects included the fourth-grade teacher and students, consisting of 8 male and 11 female students. Data collection techniques involved observation, interviews, and documentation, analyzed using the interactive data analysis model by Miles & Huberman. The results of the study show that: a) content differentiation was evident through the teacher's systematic preparation of IPAS teaching modules, provision of learning materials, and the use of PowerPoint and concrete images as media; b) process differentiation was demonstrated through varied assignments in group and individual formats, tailored approaches according to academic levels, and the use of an LCD projector to support learning; c) product differentiation was observed through students being given opportunities to present and the teacher providing summative assessments as a measure of understanding; d) the learning environment element was reflected in the teacher creating a fun and conducive classroom atmosphere. 2) The challenges and obstacles in implementing differentiated learning included: a) the presence of passive students, b) limited facilities and infrastructure, c) the time-consuming process of preparing learning components, and d) student dependency on peers.

This research aims to improve the learning outcomes of fifth grade elementary school students in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subjects through the application of the Role Playing method.  The Role Playing method was chosen because it is considered effective in improving students' conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills, as well as motivating students to actively participate in the learning process. This research uses an experimental method with a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design. The research sample consisted of two fifth classes in an elementary school, namely an experimental class taught using the Role Playing method and a control class taught using conventional methods. Data was collected through student learning outcomes tests before and after treatment. Data were analyzed using the t-test to compare the differences in average learning outcomes between the experimental class and the control class. The research results showed that there was a significant difference between the learning outcomes of experimental class and control class students after the Role Playing method was applied.  The average learning outcomes of experimental class students increased significantly compared to the control class.  In conclusion, the Role Playing method is effective in improving the learning outcomes of fifth grade elementary school students in science and science subjects.  This research recommends that teachers can apply the Role Playing method in science learning to increase students' understanding and interest in learning.

This study aims to determine the effect of using audio-visual media in increasing students' interest in learning. Class V at SDN 002/IX Sekernan. The method used was classroom action research with two cycles, which involved observation and questionnaires to measure changes in students' interest in learning. questionnaires to measure changes in students' interest in learning. Data were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative descriptive statistical techniques, with focus on increasing student engagement and attention during the learning process. learning process. The results showed that the application of audio-visual media significantly increased students' interest in learning, with the percentage of interest increasing from 56.1% in cycle I to 80.25% in cycle II. increased from 56.1% in cycle I to 80.25% in cycle II. The increase This increase shows that audio-visual media is effective in creating a more interesting and enjoyable learning atmosphere. learning atmosphere that is more interesting and enjoyable, so that it can increase student students' participation and understanding of the subject matter. This research confirms that audio-visual media is one of the solutions to improve students' interest and learning outcomes significantly

This study aims to determine the effect of using audio-visual media in increasing students' interest in learning. Class V at SDN 002/IX Sekernan. The method used was classroom action research with two cycles, which involved observation and questionnaires to measure changes in students' interest in learning. questionnaires to measure changes in students' interest in learning. Data were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative descriptive statistical techniques, with focus on increasing student engagement and attention during the learning process. learning process. The results showed that the application of audio-visual media significantly increased students' interest in learning, with the percentage of interest increasing from 56.1% in cycle I to 80.25% in cycle II. increased from 56.1% in cycle I to 80.25% in cycle II. The increase This increase shows that audio-visual media is effective in creating a more interesting and enjoyable learning atmosphere. learning atmosphere that is more interesting and enjoyable, so that it can increase student students' participation and understanding of the subject matter. This research confirms that audio-visual media is one of the solutions to improve students' interest and learning outcomes significantly

This study is motivated by the observation that during the teaching and learning process of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS), many students still demonstrate low learning motivation. The use of conventional teaching methods, such as lectures and written assignments, tends to be less effective in attracting students' interest. The purpose of this research is to describe the implementation of interactive media in the Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subject for fourth-grade students at SD Negeri 02/IX Sekernan and to determine whether the use of interactive media can improve students' learning motivation in this subject. This study employs a classroom action research design, consisting of two cycles. Each cycle includes four stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data collection techniques used in this study include observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects are fourth-grade students at SD Negeri 02/IX Sekernan. The results of data analysis indicate that the use of interactive media can enhance students' learning motivation in the Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subject. Observation results show an increase in student engagement from the first cycle to the second, with the average score rising from 71.27% (categorized as fair) to 81% (categorized as good). It can be concluded that the use of interactive media can improve the learning motivation of fourth-grade students in the Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subject at SD Negeri 02/IX Sekernan.

his research examines the use of plastic bottle waste as a learning medium for water purification practices in the IPAS subject at MI Jami’yatul Mubtadi’in.The researcher also conducted direct observations at the school to see the actual implementation of this media.The results show that used plastic bottles are effective because they are easy to obtain, inexpensive, and relevant to environmental issues.This media helps students understand the concept of water purification concretely, as well as fostering environmental awareness and recycling skills.The integration of this media can enhance scientific understanding, critical thinking, and environmental awareness.Through observations at Mi Jamiyatul Mubtadiin, the children were enthusiastic in participating in the water purification practical.

Green grass jelly (Cyclea barbata) leaves are one of the herbal plants found in Indonesia and have various potential health benefits. This plant is known to contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids that act as antioxidants, anti-inflammatories, and help regulate blood sugar levels in the body. The utilization of green grass jelly leaves is not only as a refreshing traditional drink ingredient, but also as a source of natural medicine that is environmentally friendly and easily accessible to the community.This activity aims to increase awareness and knowledge of students and teachers about the benefits of green grass jelly leaves, as well as teach simple but effective processing techniques to produce value-added processed products.The research method used descriptive qualitative method.The results of this activity showed an increase in participants' understanding and skills in processing green grass jelly leaves into products that are suitable for consumption, as well as fostering interest in utilizing herbal plants as part of a healthy lifestyle.

Environmental awareness is an effort to preserve, prevent damage to, and restore natural conditions. This attitude can be instilled through the integration of environmental values in science learning. The Science-Technology-Society (STS) approach is one effective method that fosters students' thinking skills and scientific literacy in line with technological and scientific developments. This study aims to determine whether environmental awareness in science subjects can be improved through the STS approach at MI Salamah in Jambi City, and to describe the implementation of the STS approach in enhancing environmental awareness in science subjects at the school. This research is a classroom action research using the Kemmis and McTaggart model, which consists of two cycles. Each cycle includes two meetings with four stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The research results show an increase in students' environmental awareness attitudes in both Cycle I and Cycle II. In Cycle I, the average score for environmental awareness attitudes rose from 60.10% to 76.63%, while in Cycle II, it increased more significantly from 88.58% to 92.6%. In addition, test results also showed a significant improvement in students' understanding of the material. The implementation of the Science-Technology-Society (STS) approach in enhancing environmental awareness in science subjects at MI Salamah has been effective. It was applied through experiential learning, discussions, and creative activities that actively involved students in understanding and applying environmental concepts.