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Guru di sekolah dasar Tahfidz sering kali menghadapi tantangan besar dalam mengintegrasikan pengajaran Al-Qur’an dengan kemampuan pedagogik modern yang mendukung pembelajaran aktif. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogik dan profesional para guru di SD Tahfidz Ibnu Umar Karawang melalui pelatihan metode pengajaran yang bermakna dan inovatif. Permasalahan utama yang ditemukan di mitra sasaran adalah keterbatasan guru dalam menerapkan pendekatan PAIKEM serta kesulitan dalam menyusun perangkat ajar yang adaptif terhadap prinsip Kurikulum Merdeka. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah kombinasi ceramah interaktif, workshop penyusunan modul/RPP, dan praktik langsung melalui sesi microteaching. Pelatihan dilaksanakan dalam tiga sesi utama: (1) pemahaman karakteristik peserta didik usia 7–12 tahun berdasarkan aspek kognitif, sosial-emosional, dan psikomotorik; (2) desain pembelajaran bermakna (meaningful learning); serta (3) strategi pembelajaran aktif seperti Problem-Based Learning (PBL), Discovery Learning, dan pembelajaran kooperatif. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman 15 guru peserta dalam menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang berpusat pada siswa (student-centered) serta kemampuan mengintegrasikan teknologi pembelajaran modern (IPTEKS) seperti Canva dan media interaktif dalam proses KBM. Luaran dari program ini mencakup modul pelatihan pedagogik, publikasi artikel ilmiah, dan video diseminasi hasil implementasi metode pembelajaran.

This study aims to analyse the difficulties experienced by students in learning about flat-sided three-dimensional shapes. The research method employed is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The data collected in this study were obtained from students’ difficulty tests and interview results. The research subjects were Year 8 pupils at SMP Negeri 2 Ponelo Kepulauan in the 2024/2025 academic year. The interviews were conducted by selecting three questions related to difficulties in learning mathematics, with one student chosen as a respondent to be interviewed on 26 August 2025. The indicators used to assess students’ learning difficulties were: facts, principles, concepts, and operations. The research results indicate that students with the lowest marks demonstrated limitations in mastering all the indicators measured when solving mathematics problems on the topic of flat-sided three-dimensional shapes. During the interview, students with the lowest marks experienced difficulties despite the use of effective teaching methods. This was because they paid insufficient attention to what the teacher was explaining.

Problem solving in permutation and combination requires the ability to understand context, choose strategies, and perform calculation procedures accurately. Based on the analysis of students' answers, it was found that difficulties arose consistently at each stage of problem solving according to Polya, namely the problem understanding stage, the planning stage, the plan implementation stage, and the rechecking stage. In general, students' weaknesses are not only related to their understanding of permutation and combination concepts, but also to their inability to apply problem-solving steps systematically. The results of the study indicate the need for a learning approach that not only focuses on mastering formulas, but also strengthens problem literacy, the ability to identify relevant information, and the selection of solution strategies appropriate to the characteristics of the problem. In addition, the habit of reflection through reviewing the process and results of the solution needs to be developed consistently so that students are able to recognize mistakes and improve their accuracy in solving permutation and combination word problems in a more accurate, logical, and structured manner.

This study aims to describe the difficulties faced by Geography teachers at SMAN 1 Sunggal in identifying students' learning potential and interests during the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with primary data consisting of in-depth interviews and non-participant observation of two experienced Geography teachers. The research findings indicate that teachers face major constraints, including limited time for formal diagnostic assessments, a lack of practical training on diagnostic assessments, a large number of students making individual observation difficult, and the absence of adequate assessment instruments. The teacher's efforts to overcome these difficulties include a personal approach to students, behavioral observation, and varied teaching methods, although these are not yet optimal in supporting differentiated learning. This research provides important recommendations for the development of teacher training and school policies to more effectively support the assessment of student potential and interests within the context of the Merdeka Curriculum.

This study aims to analyze the difficulties experienced by students in understanding abstract concepts in Islamic creed (akidah) and to evaluate the effectiveness of Islamic-based animation learning media as an innovative and interactive solution. The research employs a qualitative Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach, conducted in two learning cycles using observation, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires as data collection techniques. The implementation of Islamic animation learning media demonstrated a significant improvement in students’ conceptual comprehension. The results indicate that the average understanding score increased from 35.25% in the preliminary stage to 89.25% after the final cycle, showing a substantial rise in students’ achievement levels. In addition, students’ enthusiasm, motivation, and active participation in classroom activities increased markedly when learning materials were presented through animated visualization rather than conventional lecture-based instruction. Expert validation confirmed that the developed instructional media meets pedagogical, didactic, and visual quality standards, and responses from teachers and students revealed positive perceptions regarding the relevance and attractiveness of animation-based learning. The findings highlight that Islamic-based animation learning media serves as an effective educational tool capable of simplifying and concretizing abstract theological concepts, enabling learners to construct deeper understanding through visual and contextual illustration.Therefore,the study recommends the broader application of animation-based Islamic instructional media in akidah education to enhance comprehension, engagement, and learning outcomes in schools.

Difficulty reading and writing is still a fundamental problem for some elementary school students, even though these two abilities are an important foundation in understanding various subjects. In the context of madrasah ibtidaiyah education, teachers play a strategic role in helping students overcome literacy barriers in order to be able to achieve basic competencies optimally. This study aims to describe the efforts of teachers in overcoming reading and writing difficulties experienced by three 5th grade students at MIN 1 Gresik. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The research subjects included grade 5 teachers and three students who experienced literacy barriers. The results of the study showed that teachers carried out various strategies, including adding special tutoring hours outside of regular learning, providing gradual exercises according to students' abilities, and utilizing visual media and educational games to increase learning motivation. Teachers also apply an individualized approach so that students are more focused and confident. In addition, parental involvement is optimized through intensive communication so that reading and writing exercises can continue at home. The obstacles faced include time constraints, differences in basic abilities, and low student concentration. Nevertheless, the perseverance and creativity of teachers have proven to be able to drive significant progress in the development of students' basic literacy.

Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengembangkan Sistem Informasi Penjualan berbasis web untuk Gerai Oleh-Oleh Bali yang selama ini masih menggunakan pencatatan manual dengan buku besar dan perhitungan menggunakan kalkulator. Sistem manual tersebut menyebabkan risiko kesalahan pencatatan, lambatnya proses pencarian data, serta kesulitan dalam pengarsipan data penjualan, pembelian, pemesanan, dan pengelolaan stok barang. Penelitian menggunakan metode pengembangan perangkat lunak Waterfall dengan pendekatan pemodelan Unified Modeling Language (UML). Tahapan yang dilakukan meliputi analisis kebutuhan melalui wawancara dengan pemilik gerai, perancangan sistem (Use Case Diagram dan Class Diagram), implementasi, pengujian unit, pengujian sistem menggunakan metode black-box testing, serta tahap pemeliharaan (maintenance). Sistem yang dibangun mencakup fitur login, dashboard, pengelolaan data master (supplier dan barang), transaksi penjualan dengan dukungan scan barcode, transaksi pembelian, laporan penjualan dan pembelian, serta pengelolaan user. Hasil pengujian black-box menunjukkan seluruh test case berstatus Valid dan sistem berfungsi sesuai harapan. Pada tahap maintenance dilakukan contoh corrective maintenance dengan perbaikan bug pada query laporan penjualan harian.Sistem informasi penjualan berbasis web yang dihasilkan mampu mempercepat proses transaksi, mengurangi kesalahan manusia, meningkatkan akurasi data, serta memudahkan pengelolaan stok dan pembuatan laporan secara real-time. Implementasi sistem ini memberikan solusi efektif bagi Gerai Oleh-Oleh Bali dalam meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan interaksi dengan pelanggan.

Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sistem informasi penjualan berbasis web untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pencatatan transaksi pada Toko Bangunan Subur Kaliwungu yang sebelumnya masih dilakukan secara manual. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi meliputi pencatatan yang tidak efisien, kesulitan pencarian data, serta kurangnya ketepatan dalam laporan keuangan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan Research and Development (R&D) menggunakan model Prototype. Sistem dikembangkan dengan menerapkan metode akuntansi berbasis Akrual (Accrual Basis) agar laporan keuangan dapat disusun lebih akurat dan real time. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem ini mampu mencatat transaksi penjualan dan pembelian, mengelola data barang dan pelanggan, serta menyajikan laporan penjualan dan laporan keuangan secara digital. Fitur tambahan seperti histori transaksi, informasi stok barang, serta perhitungan laba rugi juga membantu pemilik toko dalam pengambilan keputusan. Implementasi sistem memberikan dampak positif, di antaranya peningkatan efisiensi, keakuratan data, dan kemudahan monitoring aktivitas penjualan.

This study aims to identify various aspects that pose obstacles or difficulties for students in learning Mechanics. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach that focuses on describing the types of difficulties students encounter in solving mechanics problems. The research subjects were first-semester students of the Science Education Study Program at KH. Mukhtar Syafaat University (UIMSYA) Blokagung Banyuwangi who were taking Basic Physics courses on Mechanics material. Data collection was carried out through diagnostic tests and interviews with students. The instruments used were diagnostic tests and interview guidelines. The location of students' learning difficultdiies was analyzed based on the errors that appeared in the completion of the diagnostic test. The results showed that the main difficulty students had in learning mechanics was in mastering basic mathematical skills, particularly in differential and integral material. Therefore, lecturers or teachers need to design and develop more appropriate learning strategies so that students' problem-solving skills can improve.

This study aims to analyze students' understanding and difficulties in probability in grade XII of SMA Negeri 1 Tanjung Morawa and identify the contributing factors. The research method used is descriptive with quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative data were obtained from the results of the problems given to students, then analyzed to determine the level of understanding, types of errors, and the percentage of difficulties experienced. Meanwhile, qualitative data were obtained through interviews with subject teachers to deepen information regarding the obstacles faced by students and the learning strategies implemented. The results showed that most students experienced difficulties in determining the sample space, applying probability formulas, and interpreting calculation results. Contributing factors include limited understanding of basic concepts, a lack of variety in practice questions, and learning that still focuses on procedures. Based on these findings, the researcher offers solutions in the form of contextual learning, conceptual reinforcement through class discussions, and the provision of step-by-step practice questions with teacher guidance. This research is expected to contribute to teachers in improving the effectiveness of probability learning in schools.

In teaching mathematics subjects, a teacher must be competent in designing innovative learning materials so that they can develop students' potential, which is expected to affect their learning outcomes and which is one of the influencing factors in student success in mathematics lessons is learning style. This study applies a descriptive method. The purpose is to describe the form of learning difficulties experienced by grade VIII students at MTs SA Al Murtadho Kedungwaru in learning mathematics on phytagoras theorem material referring to aspects of each student's learning style. In determining a subject in a study, it is carried out using the purpose sampling technique. There are three learning styles that will be studied further in this study, namely visual, auditorial, and kinesthetic learning styles. The research subjects of six students were taken representatives from a total of 34 students, in each class two representatives will be taken for those who have a visual learning style, two students also with an auditorial learning style, and two more students with a kinesthetic learning style. The techniques used to obtain the necessary data will be distributed questionnaires, test questions, interviews with students, and documentary evidence. This study applies two ways by comparing data from observation results with interview results and will also compare a person's assessment with various points of view with other people's perspectives. The results found in the study stated that there are difficulties in students including difficulties in understanding concepts, problems, and answering questions related to the Pythagorean theorem. So teachers need to find a learning style that is suitable for each student in order to help students understand the material so that students can solve the questions given appropriately.

Menulis artikel ilmiah seringkali menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi mahasiswa. Beberapa kesulitan yang dihadapi mahasiswa dalam menulis diantaranya membuat parafrase kalimat, menyajikan dan menjelaskan data hasil penelitian, terbatasnya referensi, hingga rendahnya motivasi dalam menulis. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kegiatan pelatihan penulisan artikel ilmiah bagi mahasiswa dengan tujuan memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman (edukasi) serta melatih keterampilan  menulis artikel ilmiah dengan baik agar menghasilkan publikasi ilmiah yang berkualitas serta bermanfaat. Kegiatan pelatihan penulisan artikel ilmiah bagi mahasiswa tingkat akhir di Politeknik Yakpermas Banyumas diselenggarakan dalam 2 hari. Hari pertama yaitu penyampaian materi tentang artikel ilmiah, kemudian dilanjutkan hari kedua yaitu asistensi penulisan artikel ilmiah. Pelatihan ini diikuti oleh 85 mahasiswa tingkat akhir yang berasal dari tiga program studi yaitu D-III Keperawatan, D-III Rekam Medis dan Informasi Kesehatan, dan D-IV Teknologi Laboratorium Medis. Sebanyak 5 orang peserta dengan artikel ilmiah terbaik diberikan apresiasi berupa penerbitan artikel pada Journal of Nursing and Health.

Using Newman's Error Analysis (NEA) as a framework, this study will examine the many ways in which MAN 3 Medan students blunder while answering problems involving logarithms and exponentials. A total of thirty-one MIPA class X students served as subjects for this qualitative descriptive study. Essay tests, interviews with math instructors, and records of student work all contributed to the data set. Data analysis involves reducing, presenting, and making conclusions while triangulating sources to ensure the data is legitimate. According to the research, the two most common points of mistake are when people are trying to grasp the issue and when they are trying to convert it. This is because pupils have a hard time grasping the characteristics and fundamental ideas of logarithms and have a habit of rote memorization rather than critical thinking. Other factors that also affect include the lack of utilization of learning media and low student learning motivation. After being given discussion-based learning and interactive media, the post-test results showed an increase in comprehension and a decrease in conceptual errors. This research recommends that teachers should emphasize student-centered learning by strengthening basic concepts and implementing contextual problem-solving strategies.

This study aims to quantitatively test the effectiveness of a concrete object-based science learning strategy in improving students' understanding of abstract concepts and addressing their learning difficulties in science at the elementary school level. By implementing a quasi-experimental design, this study compared a group of students who learned science through real media and concrete objects and through contextual, hands-on experiences with a control group. The hypothesis in this study states that students in the experimental group will show a significant increase in their science concept understanding test scores, measurable development of critical thinking skills, and a decrease in their detected learning difficulties, when compared with the control group. The tools employed in this research included a standardized test for understanding science concepts, a rubric designed to evaluate critical thinking abilities, and a Likert-scale survey to gauge students' opinions on how difficult they found the material. The quantitative data collected will be examined using an independent t-test to compare the average scores of different groups and a paired t-test to measure progress within the experimental group. Preliminary findings indicate that complex and abstract science materials are often the main cause of learning difficulties for elementary school students, which is in line with the limitations in abstract reasoning at that age, as stated in Piaget's theory of cognitive development. Therefore, this concrete method is expected to significantly increase student participation, help them absorb new information into their existing understanding, and in turn, improve their learning outcomes. The results of this study will provide concrete evidence of the positive effects of using concrete media and direct experiences in science learning at the elementary school level, as well as provide data-based suggestions for curriculum development and better teaching practices to address gaps in students' understanding of abstract concepts.

Penentuan siswa terbaik di lingkungan sekolah seringkali menghadapi tantangan dalam hal objektivitas dan konsistensi. SMP Negeri 3 Tanjung mengalami kesulitan dalam memilih siswa terbaik secara sistematis karena belum adanya sistem penilaian terstruktur yang mempertimbangkan berbagai kriteria secara kuantitatif. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem pendukung keputusan menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dalam pemilihan siswa terbaik. Metode AHP dipilih karena mampu menguraikan permasalahan kompleks menjadi hierarki dan melakukan perbandingan antar kriteria serta alternatif secara berpasangan. Kriteria yang digunakan meliputi nilai akademik, sikap dan kedisiplinan, keikutsertaan dalam organisasi sekolah, serta prestasi dalam kejuaraan. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan nilai akademik memiliki bobot tertinggi yaitu 0.5345, diikuti oleh nilai sikap dan kedisiplinan sebesar 0.2775, keikutsertaan organisasi sebesar 0.1236, dan kejuaraan lomba sebesar 0.0642. Dengan hasil perhitungan akhir menggunakan metode AHP, siswa bernama Ajeng Malica Aura Madura mendapat nilai tertinggi sebesar 0.1539 dan ditetapkan sebagai siswa terbaik peringkat pertama. Sistem ini terbukti memberikan hasil penilaian yang lebih transparan, terstruktur, dan dapat dipertanggungjawabkan oleh pihak sekolah.

The research conducted in class X IPA SMA Negeri 1 Rengat aims to determine the level of student learning difficulties in biology subjects in class X IPA SMA Negeri 1 Rengat. This study used a cluster sampling sample with a population of 90 students of class X IPA. Data analysis in this study used percentage techniques. The results of the study showed that the level of learning difficulties of students at SMA Negeri 1 Rengat, physiological indicators were 56.4% in the sufficient category, psychological indicators were 65.26% in the sufficient category, family indicators were 66.01% in the sufficient category, school indicators were 59.46% in the sufficient category, community indicators were 62.5% in the sufficient category, the average overall percentage was 61.92% in the good enough category.

Mathematics learning in Elementary School is very important to form logical, systematic, and critical thinking skills. Mathematics learning is closely related to numeracy literacy. At the elementary school level, especially grade 1, literacy and numeracy problems are increasingly visible when students are faced with mathematical story problems. In grade 1 of SDN 1 Pedawang, the results of daily tests and end-of-semester tests show that students' ability to solve story problems is still low. This study aims to analyze the difficulties of grade 1 students at SDN 1 Pedawang in understanding mathematical story problems due to low literacy and numeracy skills. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research type. The population of grade 1 students at SDN 1 Pedawang is 14 students, consisting of 9 female students and 5 male students. The subjects used were 2 students to be analyzed using purposive sampling techniques because they showed striking difficulties in understanding story problems based on observation results and low test scores. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques using the Miles and Huberman model which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study showed that students had difficulty in understanding mathematical story problems on five indicators according to Newman's theory, namely reading, understanding, transformation, process skills, and writing answers. The conclusion of this study shows that low literacy and numeracy of students are the main factors in the difficulty of understanding mathematical story problems.

The Pada era society 5.0, pembelajaran abad 21 diarahkan agar memfasilitasi beberapa ketrampilan, diantaranya ketrampilan berpikir kritis, pemecahan masalah dan penggunaan teknologi dan media. Perkuliahan Komputer Akuntansi belum menggunakan bahan ajar yang dapat memfasilitasi perkembangan ketrampilan tersebut, sehingga banyak mahasiswa yang kesulitan memahami materi dan dalam melaksanakan praktik penggunaan software atau suatu program keuangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan bahan ajar dengan mengaplikasikan case method yang sesuai diterapkan pada pembelajaran Komputer Akuntansi. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan desain penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development, R&D). Model pengembangan mengacu pada model pengembangan Borg & Gall yang oleh Thiagarajan dimodifikasi menjadi tiga tahap, yakni define, design, dan develop. Angket digunakan dalam pengumpulan data. Dari hasil uji kelayakan penggunaan media diperoleh penilaian sebagai berikut, ahli media sebanyak 88%, dan dari ahli materi sebanyak 99,04%. Disamping itu hasil uji coba terbatas menunjukkan tanggapan positif dari mahasiswa sebesar 95,21%. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa bahan ajar dengan pendekatan case method  layak digunakan pada proses pembelajaran Komputer Akuntansi

This study aims to analyze the influence of factors such as financial distress (FD), firm size (SIZE), liquidity (CR), and operating cash flow (OCF) on stock returns in the food and beverage sub-sector industry listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2019 to 2023. The issue addressed relates to the importance of analyzing internal company factors in affecting stock returns, particularly in the consumer goods industry. The data used in this study is sourced from annual financial reports published by the companies, with a sample size of 40 data points from 8 companies selected through purposive sampling. In this study, data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression methods via the STATA application. The findings of the study indicate that both financial distress and firm size have a significant impact on stock return performance. On the other hand, the variables of liquidity and operating cash flow do not have a significant impact on the company's stock return.

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalis tantangan literasi yang dihadapi oleh anak usia dini dalam kelompok B TK Negeri Handayani Tonala, khususnya dalam hal menulis dan mengenal huruf abjad kecil. Kesulitan dalam mengenal bentuk dan menulis huruf kecil berdampak pada perkembangan literasi awal anak yang merupakan fondasi bagi kemampuan membaca dan menulis lanjutkan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan tehnik pengumpulan data berupa obsevasi, serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa faktor utama kesulitas anak terletak pada kurangnya variasi media pembelajaran, metode mengajar yang belum menyenangkan, serta kurangnya latihan motorik halus.Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah penggunan pendekatan bermain dan media visual interaktif untuk mendukung pengenalan huruf dan keterampilan menulis anak usia dini.