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Roads play a crucial role in economic development, especially for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). In North Sumatra, the rapid development of toll roads has significantly impacted the accessibility and efficiency of goods and services distribution. This study aims to analyze the influence of toll road development on the growth of MSMEs in the region. Utilizing statistical data and case studies, this research demonstrates that infrastructure improvements contribute to local economic growth and enhance the competitiveness of MSMEs.

PT XYZ) is a company which focuses on integrated aquaculture. Operating since 1987, PT XYZ has a fish and shrimp feed factory, fish and shrimp breeding and rearing as well as marine fish food processing and cold storage for local and global markets. At PT XYZ, especially the Quality Control division, there are still ineffective analysis activities, namely piece length analysis. An effort to increase productivity is by designing an automatic cut length analysis machine with the aim of maximizing efficiency and effectiveness. Therefore, the objective function of this research was carried out to design and increase productivity and reduce inefficient activities. From this, it is necessary to design and optimize activities to have a positive impact on the company. This research uses Blender software and the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method which includes concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing and distribution. The results of this research show that this machine design is very effective and practical for the company and allows the company to improve maximum performance

The government plans to increase the Value Added Tax (VAT) rate by 1%, from 11% to 12% in 2025. This policy has certainly triggered various reactions in society, from support to concern, especially regarding its impact on the prices of basic necessities and people's purchasing power. Value Added Tax (VAT) is a tax levied on the consumption of goods and services within the Customs Area, imposed at each stage of production and distribution. VAT collected by the central government applies to the purchase and sale of certain goods and services, such as motor vehicles, houses, and internet services, which will be subject to the 12% VAT rate. The Minister of Finance emphasized that the increase in VAT rates does not apply to people's basic needs.  Basic necessities, as well as critical services like healthcare and public education, will remain exempt from VAT or will be subject to lower rates. Secretary of the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs, Susiwijono Moegiarso, said that the technical details of implementing 12 percent VAT will be contained in the Minister of Finance Regulation (PMK) which is currently being drafted by the Ministry of Finance (Kemenkeu). Will this policy become an obstacle to national economic growth, especially in the public purchasing power sector? What are the impacts on purchasing power, the business world and economic recovery? What are the government's steps to reduce the negative impacts of this policy

This research explores the digital transformation in Islamic philanthropy, particularly through the optimization of zakat and waqf management using Islamic fintech. The digital economy and fintech present significant opportunities to enhance the efficiency and transparency in collecting and distributing Islamic philanthropic funds. By leveraging modern financial technology, zakat and waqf can be managed more effectively, ensuring precise and accountable distribution. The study also emphasizes the importance of Islamic financial literacy in supporting public participation in the digital economy. The findings show that integrating fintech in zakat and waqf management not only improves transparency and efficiency but also strengthens public trust in the Islamic financial system. Therefore, this research suggests further development of Islamic fintech technologies and enhanced educational programs to support the growth of Islamic philanthropy in the digital era. The research further emphasizes the necessity for comprehensive financial education programs and easily accessible information to enhance Islamic financial literacy among the broader public. Collaborative efforts between the government, financial institutions, and educational bodies are crucial to developing and promoting fintech solutions that comply with Sharia principles. Integrating technology into Islamic philanthropy not only optimizes fund management but also contributes to broader social and economic development goals by supporting more inclusive and sustainable growth. Consequently, Islamic fintech holds immense potential to revolutionize the management of zakat and waqf, fostering a more resilient and trusted financial ecosystem within the Muslim world.

The aim of this research is to analyze internal and external factors and determine strategy choices in developing the round tofu agroindustry. This research uses a qualitative approach with case study methods and SWOT matrix analysis. Internal Strength Factors (Strength): Putra Mandiri's tofu agroindustry has well-organized management, adequate processing machine capabilities, and maintained product quality. Weakness: Increasing employee capacity is still situational, and processing machines are not yet equipped with an automatic system. External Factors: Opportunities: There is demand for round tofu products from outside the island, soybeans are available as raw materials, and the majority of competitors are in Cipaku District, providing room for expansion. Threat: Round tofu products have limited durability, raw material prices tend to fluctuate, and price competition is tight. Based on the SWOT analysis, the strategy that can be implemented is the S-O (Strength-Opportunity) Strategy, namely by maximizing the quality of round tofu, meeting market demand, collaborating with other factories, and establishing partnerships with modern markets to expand product distribution.

This study aims to analyze effective marketing strategies in increasing motorcycle sales amidst increasingly tight automotive industry competition. In this analysis, the main focus is given to identifying factors that influence consumer purchasing decisions, including price, product quality, promotion, and distribution. Data were collected through interviews with marketing managers at several leading motorcycle dealers and surveys of consumers who had just purchased a motorcycle. The results of the study indicate that a combination of marketing strategies that include attractive promotions, understanding local market needs, and improving the overall consumer experience play a significant role in increasing motorcycle sales volume. This study concludes that implementing the right marketing strategies, such as the use of social media, seasonal discounts, and improving after-sales service, can have a positive impact on motorcycle sales growth. It is recommended for companies to continue to innovate and adjust marketing strategies to evolving consumer trends and preferences.    

Inflation has an impact on income inequality and purchasing power in Indonesia. In recent years, Indonesians have increasingly felt significant economic pressure due to the continuous increase in the prices of goods and services.  This research aims to explore the underlying causes of inflation, control efforts, and its impact on people's purchasing power to comprehensively understand Indonesia's inflation dynamics. The method used in this research is a library research approach. Inflation not only affects the value of the currency, but also changes people's spending patterns and purchasing priorities. To overcome this problem, the government implements policies that support the improvement of people's purchasing power and income distribution. This research provides important insights into the interaction between inflation and people's economic conditions, as well as steps that can be taken to create a more stable economic environment.

The Business Model Canvas (BMC) is a crucial tool for mapping out strategic components of a business. This paper examines the application of BMC in the creative package business within the digital creative industry. The study aims to understand how value propositions, customer segmentation, revenue streams, and other elements interact to drive innovation and competitiveness. Using qualitative methods, including literature reviews and case studies, the research identifies key insights for optimizing BMC elements to improve business performance in this sector. The findings highlight the importance of continuous adaptation to market trends and leveraging digital platforms for marketing and distribution.

This study aims to analyze consumer behavior in choosing substitute and complementary goods. The research was conducted on consumers in traditional markets, namely Petisah Market and Simpang Limun Market, as well as modern markets, namely Sun Plaza and Plaza Medan Fair in Medan City. The research sample consisted of 200 respondents selected using a purposive sampling method. The primary research instrument was a structured questionnaire designed with a five-point Likert scale to measure respondents' perceptions of factors influencing their choices, such as the price of goods. The data were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative analysis involved descriptive statistics to describe the characteristics of respondents and data distribution. The analysis results indicate that consumers tend to choose substitute goods when the price of primary goods increases. Furthermore, price significantly influences purchasing decisions for both substitute and complementary goods. Consumers are more sensitive to price changes in substitute goods due to their tendency to seek cheaper alternatives. In contrast, for complementary goods, an increase in the price of primary goods tends to reduce the demand for complementary goods, as they are often used together. The implications of this study suggest that appropriate pricing strategies can optimize the demand for substitute goods, while careful consideration is needed when setting prices for complementary goods.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate and study how Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Third Party Funds (TPF), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Operating Costs to Operating Income (BOPO) affect credit distribution. Quantitative research uses secondary data from the financial statements of banking service companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018–2022. A sample of 235 companies was collected through a purposive sampling method. Data was processed using the SPSS application. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to conduct this analysis. The results of the study showed that the Non-Performing Loan (NPL) Third Party Funds (TPF) variable with credit distribution did not have a significant positive impact. The Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Operating Costs to Operating Income (BOPO) variables had a significant negative impact on credit distribution, while the Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR) variable had a significant positive impact.

The increasingly dynamic global financial landscape demands effective risk management strategies to ensure financial stability and institutional sustainability. Two critical approaches, risk financing transfers and risk retention, offer complementary solutions. Risk financing transfers allow institutions to redistribute financial risks to third parties through mechanisms such as securitization and Credit Risk Transfers (CRTs), improving market efficiency. In contrast, risk retention emphasizes accountability by require institutions to retain a portion of the risks, fostering market discipline and investor confidence.This study employs a Semantic Literature Review (SLR) to analyze the interaction between these approaches, focusing on mechanisms like securitization, contract design, and macroprudential policies. By reviewing ten peer reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2024, key themes and challenges related to systemic risks, moral hazards, and regulatory gaps are identified. Thematic analysis, supported by tools like NVivo, reveals the potential of these mechanisms to enhance financial stability when implemented within a robust regulatory framework.The results highlights that while risk financing transfers increase flexibility and market efficiency, they May exacerbate moral hazards without sufficient risk retention. Macroprudential policies and accurate risk pricing is crucial in addressing systemic risks, particularly in sectors like shadow banking and climate vulnerable regions. The study also underscore the importance of transparent contract design and the integration of innovative tools, such as geospatial data and machine learning, to support fair and efficient risk distribution.In conclusion, balancing market efficiency and systemic risk mitigation is imperative.While​ risk retention strengths accountability and oversight, effective integration with risk financing transfers is necessary to create a sustainable and resilient financial system.This​ review provides valuable insights for policy makers and practitioners in addressing emerging financial challenges.

Russiva and Crookes proposed the widely used, highly efficient, robust Q-score parameter scale in their 1993 work, and they approximated it using "fast" Huber's M-scores. Shown What proposed us M-scores are highly efficient and robust on arbitrary nom distributions, thanks to correct choice parameter approximations. We pay particular attention to the Cauchy divisions  and cases of Gaussian distribution . Important terms: Cauchy's law, parameter scale, robustness, and Gaussian distribution With the Q-estimate as a foundation, the M-estimates of the scale parameter are very efficient and robust. Rousseeuw and Croux (1993) proposed the scale parameter of Q-estimate, which is often used with fast Huber M-estimates, and we were able to get rather close to it. By meticulously choosing the approximation parameters, we proved that the proposed M-estimates are efficient and resilient for any data distribution. In order to measure the robustness and efficiency of scale M estimates , we calculated their asymptotic variances; breakdown points , and influence functions. The Cauchy and Gaussian distributions were our main focus. Notably, the proposed robust estimate is consistent the Maximum likelihood estimation for the Cauchy distribution. Last but not least, these robust and efficient scale estimates need three to four times less computing time than their comparable Q-estimates. The research provides robust and efficient solutions for estimating distribution parameters more quickly and with less complexity, making them suitable for applications requiring fast and accurate computations.  

This study discusses the implementation of Sharia values in the production process of the small-medium enterprise (SME) "Tempe Kupas Kulit Mbah Anik," a business established in 1978 on Jln. Mangaan 1 gg. Ali, owned by Siti Nurhayani with four employees. Sharia principles in business practices, such as honesty, cleanliness, and fairness, serve as essential foundations for managing a food-related business. This research aims to examine the application of Sharia values at every stage of production, from raw material selection and processing to product distribution. The study uses a qualitative approach, collecting data through interviews and direct observation. The findings reveal that Sharia values are consistently applied in the SME's production processes, particularly in the selection of halal, high-quality raw materials, maintaining cleanliness in production, and treating employees fairly. The implications of this study suggest that implementing Sharia principles in SMEs has the potential to enhance consumer trust and foster sustainable and ethical business development. This study is expected to inspire other SMEs to incorporate Sharia principles in their operational practices.

The transport industry stands out as a crucial domain in bolstering Indonesia's journey toward economic revitalization, swift progress, and equitable distribution. At present, Indonesia is in the process of establishing a high-speed railway sector that adheres to global benchmarks. Rail-based transit systems exert considerable influence on the mobility of both individuals and commodities. Trains possess the capacity to convey substantial volumes of commuters and freight in one journey, thereby playing a role in diminishing operational expenses for transportation fleets. Braking is an important aspect of driving because it affects safety, vehicle control, and vehicle efficiency. In order to develop braking research, high-speed train braking test equipment is needed to describe the actual conditions during braking. High-speed trains are a type of train capable of traveling at speeds above 200 km/h. The braking applied to these high-speed trains involves several combined forces, including regenerative braking and pneumatic braking. In regenerative braking, deceleration occurs due to the conversion of kinetic energy into electrical power. This mechanism is carried out when the train is at an operational speed of 220 km/h until it decelerates to 160 km/h. Next, pneumatic braking was applied at a speed of 160 km/h until the train slowed down and came to a stop. This study shows how the calculation process was carried out using a scale of 1:4 at a speed of 160 km/h.

Based on observations, most students at STKIP Majenang use m-banking because of the factors of speed, convenience, and convenience in transactions. Because of these factors, they choose to use e-commerce for shopping to meet their needs. However, not everyone can control themselves when they see a variety of interesting items, so they often khilaf and buy goods outside of need. This study aims to determine the influence of the use of mobile banking and e-commerce on the consumptive behavior of STKIP Majenang students, both partially and simultaneously. This study uses a quantitative type of research approach. The population in this study is all students of STKIP Majenang who have mobile banking and e-commerce applications, amounting to 79 people. Sampling in this study used saturated samples, where all populations were sampled. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews, and questionnaire distribution. Multiple regression tests showed significance values of 0.285 > 0.05 and calculated t values of 1.077 < t values of tables of 1.991. The results of the hypothesis test (partial test), where the significance value is 0.03 < 0.05 and the calculated t value is 3.045 > t table 1.991. In the calculation of the correlation coefficient obtained, the F count is 7.176 > F table is 3.12, and the significance level is 0.001 < 0.05 The results showed that there was no influence between mobile banking and student consumptive behavior. However, there is a positive and significant influence between e-commerce and consumptive behavior. And there is a significant influence between mobile banking and e-commerce on student consumptive behavior

The use of technology also plays an important role in selling companies and consumers to dig up information and provide positive or negative opinions about the desired product, which will affect consumer purchasing interest before buying the product. This study aims to analyze the influence of lifestyle, brand image, and e-wom on Unisba students' purchasing interest in Skintific skincare products. The population of this study was 150 management students. The data collection technique used was questionnaire distribution. The data analysis tool used was multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that lifestyle, brand image, and e-wom have an effect on Unisba students' purchasing interest in Skintific skincare products. Students feel that buying skincare is a lifestyle and necessity, as well as brand image, and e-wom built from Skintific products make consumers continue to use the product. Skintific itself already has a good brand image, uses good quality ingredients, and has a good opinion in the eyes of consumers so that this good product quality can increase purchasing interest.

This study aims to determine the effect of segmenting, targeting and positioning on purchase intention at the Dadaha cell prime counter. The dependent variable in this study is purchase intention (Y) while the devendent variables include segmenting (X1), targeting (X2), positioning (X3). The method used in this research is quantitative method. The population in this study were consumers of the dadaha cell prime counter in the dadaha area of tasikmalaya city. The sampling technique in this study used random sampling so that a sample of 100 respondents was obtained. The data collection technique is to use a questionnaire distribution. The results of this study indicate that: 1) segmenting variables have a positive and significant effect on buyer interest. 2) targeting variables have a positive and insignificant effect on purchase intention. 3) positioning variables have a positive and significant effect on purchase intention. From the results of the f test it can be concluded that together or simulatan segmenting, targeting and positioning variables have a positive and significant effect on purchase intention.

Zakat is one of the main pillars of Islam, required of Muslims who possess wealth exceeding the nisab threshold. Beyond its religious obligation, zakat also serves as a strategic tool for poverty alleviation and socioeconomic enhancement. The primary objective of zakat is to purify the wealth and soul of the muzakki (zakat giver) and to assist the mustahik (zakat recipients) in meeting their basic needs. In Indonesia, with its large Muslim population, the potential for zakat is significant, yet its impact on poverty reduction remains limited. Optimal zakat management is essential to ensure targeted distribution. Zakat includes eight categories of recipients: fakir, miskin, amil, muallaf, riqab, gharim, fii sabilillah, and ibn sabil. Through a productive approach, zakat can provide business capital and training to mustahik, enhancing their economic self-sufficiency and reducing social inequality. This study employs a library research method and a qualitative approach to explore the role of zakat in improving community welfare. The findings indicate that effective zakat management, especially in the form of productive zakat, can strengthen social solidarity and promote economic empowerment. Zakat functions not only as wealth redistribution but also as a holistic empowerment tool, contributing to achieving more equitable and comprehensive societal welfare.  

The Colo Timur Irrigation Area covers 20,601.80 hectares with a main canal length of 64.15 km, passing through the regencies of Sukoharjo, Karanganyar, Sragen, and Ngawi. The water flow comes from the Wonogiri Serbaguna Dam, which is dammed by the Colo Weir in Sukoharjo. This irrigation area faces issues with uneven water distribution, and there is a need to check the water irrigation from the intake gates to conclude whether the operation and maintenance of the irrigation network are in accordance with standards. The study was conducted on the secondary canals of Geneng, Pulosari, and Krikilan, which are located upstream, midstream, and downstream, respectively. On the Geneng secondary canal, measurements were taken at B CT 5, Ge 1, and Ge 8 Ka. On the Pulosari secondary canal, measurements were taken at B CT 29, BPo 1, BPo 12 Ka, and BPo 12 Ki. On the Krikilan secondary canal, measurements were taken at B CT 40, Kk 1 Ka, and Kk 1 Ki. This study uses the Ratio of Water Distribution Implementation (RWDI) to determine the category of water distribution. The water discharge from the intake gates does not match the allocated water discharge. Factors causing the discrepancy in water discharge include (a) intake gates not being opened according to plan, (b) the presence of water pumps in the canals reducing irrigation water, and (c) the field operation system implementing water distribution rotations.

Renon Gacoan Noodle Restaurant is a fast food spicy noodle restaurant in Bali. This restaurant, which carries a modern restaurant concept at affordable prices, has made Mie Gacoan Renon popular among various groups. Its strategic location in the city center makes this restaurant busy with visitors, which causes quite dense queues at certain hours. Mie Gacoan Renon uses a Single Channel-Single Phase queuing system to serve visitors. The service also uses a First In First Out (FIFO) model where visitors who arrive first will be served first. The average visitor arrival is 1 person/minute and the average service is 1.6 minutes. With the help of SPSS software In processing the data, it was found that the number of customer arrivals and Mie Gacoan Renon restaurants had a Poisson distribution and the distribution of service times was a Loglogistic distribution.