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This community service project aims to develop children's potential through the art of coloring as an effective educational tool to enhance social and cultural understanding. The activity was held at Jl. Binalatung, RT 11, Pantai Amal, Tarakan Timur, a coastal area that is also a border region. The background for this project is the limited access of children in this area to creative activities that could support their personal development and awareness of social and cultural diversity. A coloring competition was chosen as the approach, involving 30 participants from kindergarten to elementary school age, many of whom do not continue to formal education.Using a participatory method, children were not only invited to color but were also given an understanding of the meanings and cultural values embedded in each image. Furthermore, the activity was designed to foster a sense of togetherness, sportsmanship, and self-confidence. The results showed very high enthusiasm from the participants. They were not only able to produce beautiful artworks but also demonstrated an increased understanding of the importance of appreciating differences and cultural diversity. This report proves that the art of coloring plays a crucial role as a tool to bridge the knowledge gap and foster cultural awareness, especially for children in remote and border areas who have limited access to education and educational entertainment. Therefore, it is recommended that similar programs be continued with more varied materials to support the holistic development of children in coastal regions.

This community service project aims to develop children's potential through the art of coloring as an effective educational tool to enhance social and cultural understanding. The activity was held at Jl. Binalatung, RT 11, Pantai Amal, Tarakan Timur, a coastal area that is also a border region. The background for this project is the limited access of children in this area to creative activities that could support their personal development and awareness of social and cultural diversity. A coloring competition was chosen as the approach, involving 30 participants from kindergarten to elementary school age, many of whom do not continue to formal education.Using a participatory method, children were not only invited to color but were also given an understanding of the meanings and cultural values embedded in each image. Furthermore, the activity was designed to foster a sense of togetherness, sportsmanship, and self-confidence. The results showed very high enthusiasm from the participants. They were not only able to produce beautiful artworks but also demonstrated an increased understanding of the importance of appreciating differences and cultural diversity. This report proves that the art of coloring plays a crucial role as a tool to bridge the knowledge gap and foster cultural awareness, especially for children in remote and border areas who have limited access to education and educational entertainment. Therefore, it is recommended that similar programs be continued with more varied materials to support the holistic development of children in coastal regions.

This research examines the mentoring of nationalistic activities by students from the Al-Azhar Menganti Gresik Institute and field supervisors at MI Darunnajah Lebani Suko, Wringinanom District, Gresik Regency, in commemoration of Heroes' Day. Thru a descriptive qualitative approach, this program involves four main activities: the red and white parade, patriotic love songs, little warrior strokes (coloring and writing hero stories), and a colossal drama of patriotic fervor. These activities are creatively designed and based on direct experience to instill nationalistic values in elementary school students. The research results show a significant improvement in students in terms of courage, discipline, creativity, cooperation, and respect for national symbols such as the flag and national anthem. Collaboration between students as facilitators, teachers as pedagogical directors, and the school environment creates a conducive learning ecosystem where participatory methods are more effective than conventional approaches. This experiential learning approach not only enhances cognitive understanding of the struggles of national and local heroes but also builds emotional empathy and social skills. Positive impacts include high student enthusiasm, reduced learning boredom, and character strengthening in accordance with the Pancasila Student Profile, such as mutual cooperation and integrity. Overall, this mentoring program serves as a relevant model for non-formal character education that can be replicated in other schools to strengthen nationalism from an early age amidst the challenges of post-pandemic globalization and individualism.

This research is motivated by the importance of creating enjoyable learning so that early childhood learning interests can develop better, especially in Pembina State Kindergarten, Dungingi District. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the use of interactive learning media on children's learning interests and describe changes in their learning behavior when activities are carried out without media and with interactive media. This study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method through conventional learning and learning using interactive media in the form of coloring activities. Data were obtained through observations by assessing aspects of enjoyment, focus, activeness, and enthusiasm during the activity. The results showed that children's learning interests in conventional learning only reached an average score of 6 and tended to be low, while in learning using interactive media, it increased significantly to an average score of 13.1. This change was seen from the increase in children's enthusiasm, better ability to focus, and their more active involvement during the learning process. The findings of this study confirm that interactive learning media has an important role in attracting children's attention and creating a more lively and meaningful learning atmosphere, thereby increasing early childhood learning interests

Let G=(V(G),E(G)) be a connected graph and c be a coloring of the graph G. Let ∏={S_1,S_2,...,S_k }, where S_i is the class of colors in G which is colored i with 1≤i≤k. The representation of v with respect to Π is called a color code, denoted c_Π (v) is a k-element ordered pair, that is, c_∏ (v)=(d(v,S_1 ),d(v,S_2 ),...,d(v,S_k )), where d(v,S_i )=min{d(v,x)∣x ϵ S_i } for 1≤i≤k. If each vertex in G has a different color code then c is called a location coloring. The minimum number of colors used in the location coloring of a graph G is called the Location chromatic number with

Food safety is crucial for public health, particularly in rural areas with limited access to information and food additive (BTP) detection tools. The PKK group in Borisallo Village faces challenges due to low awareness about the dangers of BTP such as formalin, borax, Rhodamin B, methanol yellow, and synthetic sweeteners, as well as limited skills in detecting these substances. This Community Service (PKM) program aims to enhance the knowledge and skills of PKK members through education and training on natural BTP detection and food processing. Methods include counseling, demonstrations using organoleptic and household tests, and practicing with natural alternatives for preservatives, sweeteners, and food colorings. Results showed a significant increase in participants' understanding and detection ability, as seen in the pretest and posttest evaluations. The provision of portable stoves and pans also ensures sustainability of the activities. This program strengthens the PKK's role in food safety supervision at the village level and suggests further training, additional detection tools, and more collaboration with health centers and local governments to sustain the initiative.

This study presents a woodcraft creation in the form of a wall clock with traditional Karo ornaments as the main visual element. The creation is driven by the urgency to preserve the visual culture of the Karo people, which is increasingly threatened by modernization, and the lack of distinctive local souvenirs in tourist areas such as Berastagi, which often offer only generic or mass-produced items. This creation aims not only to function as an indicator of time but also as a medium for cultural preservation, education, and the strengthening of the Karo visual identity in a contemporary context. The creative process applies the "three stages and six steps" approach by S.P. Gustami, which includes exploration, design, and realization. Exploration involves field observations of Karo architecture and artifacts, literary studies on Karo visual symbols, and careful selection of motifs, focusing on Tapak Raja Sulaiman, Takal Kerbo, and Pengeret-ret as representative elements rich in symbolic meaning. The design stage produces various sketches that integrate the functional aspect of the wall clock with the principles of ornamentation, ensuring both utility and cultural expression. Realization involves selecting local woods such as teak, mahogany, and jelutung, followed by manual carving techniques, the application of natural wood coloring, and protective finishing with melamine spray to ensure durability and aesthetic quality. The final result consists of twelve unique wall clocks that embody the aesthetic, symbolic, and cultural richness of the Karo people. This work demonstrates how traditional motifs can be re-contextualized into functional objects, making cultural heritage more visible and relevant in daily life, and is expected to inspire further innovation in the local crafts industry, contributing to long-term preservation and revitalization of regional cultural identity.

Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) indicate a higher prevalence among children compared to other infections, contributing to over 870,000 deaths of children under five years of age each year, or approximately 2,320 children every day. Eucalyptus oil contains chemical compounds such as eucalyptol, cineole, linalool, and terpineol, which produce a warming sensation when applied to the skin. Inhaling eucalyptus oil can relieve respiratory problems because the vapor acts as a decongestant, helping reduce nasal congestion, ease breathing, thin mucus for easier expulsion, and maintain moisture in the respiratory mucosa.The purpose of this study was to analyze nursing care for children with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) experiencing ineffective airway clearance using the intervention of warm water vapor and eucalyptus oil inhalation. The method used was a case study, with data collected through interviews with the patient’s family, observation, physical examination, and nursing documentation.The coloring therapy intervention was given once daily for three consecutive days during the implementation phase. After the administration of warm water vapor and eucalyptus oil therapy to patient An.D, who had an acute respiratory tract infection with ineffective airway clearance, there was an observable improvement in cough intensity and mucus expulsion. The patient’s respiratory rate decreased from 42 breaths per minute to 30 breaths per minute, and oxygen saturation (SpO₂) returned to normal.It can therefore be concluded that warm water vapor and eucalyptus oil therapy has a positive effect on children with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) who experience ineffective airway clearance.

This study aims to determine and describe the use of the drill method in developing the independence of children aged 5-6 years in PAUD Dermawan, Hasahatan Julu Village. In obtaining data in the study, the author applies qualitative research through data obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis used is data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that: 1.) the independence of children in PAUD Dermawan has generally developed well. Most children have shown the ability to be responsible, confident, have a social soul, are able to interact and cooperate with their peers, and have initiative. However, there are still some children who need more attention from teachers in independence, especially in terms of self-confidence and the ability to take initiative 2.) Efforts made by teachers in using the drill method to develop the independence of children in PAUD Dermawan, namely: 1. Association, 2. Delivering goals, 3. Motivation, 4. Conducting exercises, 5. Evaluation, 7. Follow-up. 3.) The learning activities used by teachers to develop children's independence at Dermawan Early Childhood Education Center include coloring, writing, playing snakes and ladders, and even creating artwork such as professional hats.

The purpose of this study is to analyse the comparison of sensory characteristics between original putu ayu cake and a variant with a 25% substitution of kale leaf flour. The substitution of kale leaf flour is expected to serve as a natural alternative for coloring while also improving the cake's nutritional value. This research utilized a quantitative experimental approach, involving organoleptic testing with 62 panelists from the Brangsong Baru Housing. The panelists evaluated four sensory aspects: aroma, color, taste, and texture. The results from the organoleptic tests showed that substituting kale leaf flour positively influenced the aroma of the putu ayu cake without compromising its texture. However, the color and taste still require improvements to enhance the overall consumer acceptance of the cake. These findings highlight the potential of kale leaf flour as a functional ingredient in traditional cakes, offering a healthier alternative while maintaining the sensory qualities that consumers expect.

Lidah mertua is an ornamental plant that has a variety of colors, shapes and sizes. The Lidah mertua plant produces fine fibers on its leaves. The author uses Lidah mertua fiber to make hair extensions. The aim of this research is to determine the process of making hair extensions from plant material from Lidah mertua fiber (Sansevieria Trifasciata), the suitability of the product, and the level of public preference for hair extension products from Lidah mertua fiber (Sansevieria Trifasciata). Data collection uses Observation, Documentation, Experimentation, Literature, Questionnaire and Interview methods. Data Analysis in the form of Quantitative and Public Testing. Making hair extensions from Lidah mertua (Sansevieria Trifasciata) fibers begins with selecting Lidah mertua, shaving to produce fiber, washing and drying, coloring stage, and applying hair serum. The results of the feasibility test from 3 validators were declared feasible in experiment I, namely hair extensions from Lidah mertua (Sansevieria Trifasciata) fibers using clothing dye. he liking level of 60 respondents was stated to be appropriate and liked by the public. Hair extension products using Lidah mertua (Sansevieria Trifasciata) fibers require further trials so that they can be used in the long term and create more varied hair extension colors.

Community Service (KKN) is a means of implementing the Tri Dharma of Higher Education (Tri Dharma) in the aspect of community service. This article describes the implementation of KKN Group 17 of Universitas PGRI Sumenep in 2025, located in Poreh Village, Lenteng District, Sumenep Regency. The program lasted one month (July 23–August 23, 2025) and employed a participatory approach. The program included six main programs (village logo creation, MSME product digitalization, August 17th competition, parenting outreach, ecobricks, coloring competition) and four supporting programs (community service, healthy exercise, cheerful Quranic study group, and study mentoring). The implementation method consisted of initial observation, village deliberation-based planning, program implementation with active community involvement, and joint evaluation. Results indicated increased environmental awareness, the formation of a village visual identity, the development of MSME digital literacy, increased community participation, and increased motivation for learning among children. Issues that emerged included low community participation, limited facilities, and program sustainability. Solutions are sought through cultural approaches, program adaptations, and the formation of community mobilization groups. This article emphasizes that KKN plays a strategic role in community empowerment when implemented contextually, adaptively, and sustainably.

Indonesia, as an archipelagic nation, faces considerable challenges in meeting its food requirements in accordance with Law No. 18 of 2012 on Food Security. The country’s heavy reliance on wheat imports, ranking as the largest wheat importer globally, highlights the urgency of diversifying local food sources. This study aims to explore the utilization of jali flour (Coix lacryma-jobi L.), mocaf flour (Modified Cassava Flour), and soybean flour as raw materials for producing fettucini pasta, with the addition of green spinach extract for natural coloring and nutritional enhancement. A quantitative experimental method was employed, testing three formulations of jali and mocaf flour combined with soybean flour. Sensory evaluations were conducted with 35 panelists—comprising trained, semi-trained, and untrained participants—to assess color, aroma, taste, texture, and overall acceptability. The findings revealed that flour composition significantly influenced pasta’s sensory attributes. The F2 formulation (50% jali flour, 50% mocaf flour, 20% soybean flour) achieved the highest acceptance, with average scores across all parameters rated as “liked” to “highly liked.” The incorporation of spinach extract not only imparted an appealing natural green hue but also enhanced the product’s nutritional profile, particularly in iron and dietary fiber content. These results underscore the potential of combining jali and mocaf flours as a nutritious, gluten-free pasta alternative that supports local food diversification and reduces reliance on imported wheat.

The Children’s Reading and Learning Corner program is a community service activity implemented by Group 7 of the Community Service Program (KKN) from Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Jakarta in Kalibaru Subdistrict, North Jakarta. This program was designed to address the challenge of low reading interest and the limited access to learning facilities among children in the local community. The main target of the activity was children aged 5–8 years, with the objective of increasing reading interest, strengthening basic cognitive skills, and fostering positive learning habits from an early age. The program was carried out through interactive learning methods with a thematic approach, combined with group discussions, question-and-answer sessions, shared reading, and simple practices that encouraged active participation. The learning materials covered Basic Mathematics, Indonesian Language, and General Knowledge, all adjusted to the children’s comprehension levels. In addition, a coloring competition was held to foster creativity, train fine motor skills, and create a fun and engaging learning atmosphere. Evaluation results indicated a significant improvement in children’s enthusiasm for learning, better understanding of the provided materials, and more active involvement during the sessions. The children also demonstrated increased self-confidence, particularly when asked to read aloud or answer questions in front of their peers. Furthermore, the provision of a bookshelf in the community hall became a strategic step to establish a sustainable reading space that could be used outside of program hours. Overall, the program successfully achieved its intended goals and is considered feasible to be expanded to other areas. Additional support in the form of a wider collection of books, more creative learning media, and consistent community involvement will be key factors in ensuring the sustainability and long-term impact of the program.

The Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata / KKN) of Universitas Tidar Group 23 in Giriwetan Village, Grabag District, Magelang Regency, was conducted for one month (July 3–August 3, 2025) with the aim of strengthening students’ interest in pursuing higher education at SD Negeri Giriwetan. This topic is important due to the low motivation of students in rural areas, influenced by economic limitations, lack of information, and insufficient environmental support. The study employed a qualitative method through observation, interviews, and documentation to describe the process and impact of the program. Activities included coloring and creating environmental-themed posters, song creation training using Artificial Intelligence (AI), and developing a “Tree of Hopes” containing students’ aspirations. The results indicate an increase in learning motivation, awareness of the importance of education, and interest in technology. The program proved effective through its creative and participatory approach, despite limitations in time and scope. These findings highlight the importance of sustaining similar structured programs to achieve broader and long-term impacts. Furthermore, the program was not only beneficial for students but also had a positive effect on teachers and the surrounding community. Teachers gained exposure to innovative teaching methods and technology-based learning media that can be adapted in future classes. Parents and community leaders became more aware of the role of family and environment in supporting children’s education. The collaboration between university students and local stakeholders created a sense of collective responsibility in shaping the younger generation. In addition, the integration of Artificial Intelligence as a learning tool sparked curiosity among students and introduced them to the relevance of technology in daily life. Although challenges such as limited facilities and short implementation time persisted, the program successfully demonstrated that creativity and participatory engagement could overcome such barriers.

Character education serves as a fundamental pillar in shaping a generation of morally upright, responsible, and resilient youth. It not only fosters ethical behavior but also equips children with the skills and attitudes necessary to contribute positively to society. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of character education among children through a combination of artistic activities—such as coloring and calligraphy—and environmental activities, specifically planting. The research was conducted in two orphanages located in Blitar Regency, namely Raudhatul Aitam Orphanage and Nurul Falah Orphanage. A descriptive qualitative method was employed, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that creative, participatory, and collaborative approaches are effective in nurturing essential character values among children, both under and over the age of ten. The core values instilled through the activities include appreciation for global diversity, cooperative spirit (gotong royong), faith, and environmental awareness. Practical activities, such as coloring illustrations of traditional houses, planting chili plants, and coloring calligraphic artworks, were found to enhance children’s creativity, self-confidence, patience, and social interaction skills. Moreover, these activities encouraged teamwork and a sense of responsibility, as children worked together to complete tasks and care for their environment. The study highlights the importance of integrating cultural, artistic, and ecological elements in character education programs to create engaging and meaningful learning experiences. Furthermore, continuous support and collaboration from various stakeholders—including caregivers, educators, community members, and government institutions—are essential to ensure sustainability. When consistently implemented, such programs have the potential to produce long-term positive impacts, helping children grow into individuals who are not only skilled and creative but also possess strong moral values and a deep sense of social responsibility.

Hospitalized children often experience anxiety due to the unfamiliar hospital environment, frightening medical procedures, and separation from family. This anxiety, if left untreated, can negatively impact a child's psychological well-being and hinder the healing process. One non-pharmacological intervention that can be implemented to help reduce anxiety in children is play therapy. This therapy is a fun and developmentally appropriate approach, one of which is through coloring activities. This study aims to describe the application of coloring play therapy in reducing anxiety levels in preschool-aged children undergoing hospitalization. The research design used a case study with two preschool-aged children treated in the Dahlia Ward of Dr. Tjitrowardojo Regional General Hospital, Purworejo. The anxiety measurement instrument used the FIS (Face Image Scale), which allows the assessment of children's facial expressions as an indicator of anxiety levels. The results showed that before therapy, subject I was in the mild anxiety category with an FIS score of 2, while subject II was in the moderate anxiety category with an FIS score of 4. After coloring play therapy, both children experienced a significant decrease in anxiety levels, namely becoming no longer anxious (FIS score 1). These findings indicate that play therapy, including coloring activities, is effective in reducing anxiety in hospitalized preschool children. This intervention could be an easy, affordable, and enjoyable alternative for healthcare providers in providing holistic care to children.

This community service activity aims to develop students’ visual art skills and strengthen the institutional image of Universitas Potensi Utama through the creation of a mural on the university campus. The mural was chosen as a medium due to its ability to convey educational messages, build visual identity, and enhance public spaces effectively. Involving lecturers and students from the Visual Communication Design program, the project was carried out in several stages: concept planning, sketching, coloring, and finishing. The final result is a 2.5 x 31-meter mural that illustrates the spirit of education, cultural diversity, and innovation. The outcomes of this activity include improved technical and collaborative skills among students, enhanced campus visual identity, and increased appreciation for murals as a medium of visual communication. Thus, this initiative not only contributes to the campus aesthetics but also serves as an effective institutional promotion strategy through participatory art.

This practicum aims to understand the process of volcanic eruptions through a simple chemical reaction simulation between baking soda and vinegar. This reaction produces carbon dioxide gas that pushes the mixture out of the bottle, resembling magma eruption from a volcanic crater. The activity was carried out using simple materials such as used plastic bottles, aluminum foil, and common household items. The procedure involved shaping a volcano using aluminum foil around the bottle, then adding baking soda, dish soap, food coloring, and vinegar as the reaction trigger. Observations showed that after the vinegar was poured into the bottle, a foamy red/orange eruption occurred, mimicking lava spewing from a volcanic crater. This simulation demonstrates that the combination of an acid (vinegar) and a base (baking soda) produces carbon dioxide gas, which forces the mixture outward in a dramatic manner. This practicum not only helps students concretely understand scientific concepts but also enhances their observation, critical thinking, and scientific communication skills through simple experimental activities.

This article discusses the expression development activities and character education of children at the Baitussalam Orphanage in Blitar Regency through a social service program with the theme "Children's Voices for the World Through Pictures and Words." This program is designed by dividing into 2 groups, namely for children aged 10-14 years with a focus on public speaking training aimed at increasing self-confidence, communication skills, and courage to speak in public. Meanwhile, for children aged 5-9 years, activities include coloring and storytelling which aim to hone creativity and language skills in a fun and interactive way. In addition to these activities, there is also material related to character education, which is an integral part of this program to form positive attitudes and moral values from an early age. The approach used is tailored to the developmental stage of the child's age, so as to maximize their potential for expression through pictures and words, as well as foster self-confidence and social skills that are important for their future. This program demonstrates that the development of public speaking and creative expression through art and storytelling can be an effective medium in children's character education in an orphanage environment.