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This research is classroom action research (PTK) carried out at MA Darusslam Manuju District. Gowa which aims to improve Mathematics Learning Activities Using the Means Ends Analysis Method. The subjects of this research were class X students. Data were collected using student activity observation sheets. The collected data was analyzed using quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results of the research showed that the average percentage of student activity in cycle I was 29.63% with a little category. and in cycle II it was 55.73% in the many category. So an increase of 26.1% was obtained. These results can be concluded that there has been an increase in Mathematics Learning activities using the Means Ends Analysis Method.

This study aims to enhance students' learning outcomes in Natural Science (IPA) through the demonstration method in fourth-grade students at SD Inpres Teas, Noebeba District, Timor Tengah Selatan Regency. The research was motivated by low science learning outcomes, with 60% of students failing to meet the Minimum Competency Criteria (KKM) of 70. Conventional teaching methods contributed to students' passivity and lack of engagement. This Classroom Action Research (CAR) follows the Kemmis and McTaggart model, consisting of two cycles with four stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The study involved 10 fourth-grade students, with data collected through learning outcome tests, observations, and teacher interviews. Descriptive quantitative analysis compared student performance before and after intervention. Results indicated that the demonstration method effectively improved science learning outcomes. Initially, students scored an average of 73.5, with a mastery rate of 40%. After applying the demonstration method in cycle I, the average increased to 84.1, with 70% mastery. In cycle II, refining teaching strategies led to an average score of 90.1, with 90% mastery. The method also enhanced student engagement, teamwork, and conceptual understanding. These findings suggest that the demonstration method is an effective strategy for improving science learning outcomes. Teachers are encouraged to incorporate demonstrations regularly, and schools should provide necessary resources to optimize learning experiences.

This study is motivated by the low academic performance of fourth-grade students in Pancasila Education, specifically in the topic of mutual cooperation. The aim of this research is to assess the improvement in learning outcomes for fourth-grade students in Pancasila Education through the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model with a Differentiation approach. This research falls under the category of classroom action research and was conducted in two cycles. The subjects of the study were 28 fourth-grade students from SD YP HKBP 1 Pematangsiantar. Data were collected through observations and tests, and then analyzed using descriptive quantitative methods. The results indicate that the implementation of the PBL model with a Differentiation approach successfully improved student learning outcomes in the topic of mutual cooperation. The average student performance was 57.14 during the pre-cycle. After implementing the PBL model in cycle I, the average score increased to 71.42, and in cycle II, it rose further to 84.72. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the PBL model with a Differentiation approach is effective in enhancing the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students on the topic of mutual cooperation at SD YP HKBP 1 Pematangsiantar.

This research aims to improve student learning outcomes through the application of the Discovery Learning learning model in moral beliefs in class X MA Al Yusriyah Pangkalan Susu. The research method used was Classroom Action Research (PTK) with 25 students. Data collection was carried out through test and non-test techniques. Preliminary findings show that the learning methods used previously, namely lectures and assignments, cause students to feel bored and less interested, so that the learning outcomes do not reach the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM). Through the application of the discovery learning method, the results of the study show an increase in student learning outcomes. In the first cycle, the average student score reached 73 with a success rate of 72%, which did not meet the criteria for research success. In the second cycle, there was a significant increase with an average score of 81 and a success rate of 92%, which was categorized as successful. These results show that the discovery learning learning model is effective in increasing students' interest and learning outcomes.

The aims of this research are (1) to explain children's gross motor skills before using the traditional game of banana stem jumping rope at RA Yaa Bunayya. (2) To explain the use of the traditional banana stem jumping rope game in improving the gross motor skills of young children at RA Yaa Bunayya. The research method used is Classroom Action Research (PTK). The results of this research are (1) The gross motor skills of children before using the traditional game of jumping rope on banana stems at RA Yaa Bunayya were out of 10 children, the children who received the very well developed (BSB) category were 0%, the developed according to expectations (BSH) category. by 20%, and the category is starting to grow by 80%. It can be seen that out of 10 children are categorized as starting to develop. (2) The use of the traditional banana stem jumping rope game in improving the gross motor skills of young children at RA Yaa Bunayya consists of several stages. In the first stage, the teacher introduces the traditional game of jumping rope from banana stems. In the second stage, children play alone with banana stems provided by the teacher. In the third stage, the teacher first demonstrated how to play jump rope with banana stems. In the final stage, children play by drawing lots by the teacher.

The low interest of students in mathematics lessons results in most students being less enthusiastic about following the lessons given by the teacher, so that student learning outcomes are low. With this situation, teachers will try their best to improve learning patterns by conducting classroom action research (CAR). The purpose of this study is to increase student interest and learning outcomes in mathematics, the main material explains the addition and subtraction of decimal numbers in writing using the experimental method carried out in class II SDN.09. BILAH BARAT which consists of 18 students. From the research that I conducted for 2 cycles, and based on all the discussions and analyses that I have done, it is concluded that learning with the experimental method has a positive impact on improving student learning achievement with an increase in student learning completeness in each cycle, namely cycle one (65.22%), and cycle 2 (78.26%). The use of the experimental method has a positive influence, namely increasing student learning motivation, this can be seen from the results of the interview which stated that students were interested and interested in the experimental method so that they were motivated to learn.   

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of using FPB and KPK trees, two forms of interactive learning media, on primary school mathematics instruction with the goal of boosting students' intrinsic drive to learn. This study employed classroom action research (PTK), a methodology that contains two cycles, cycle I and cycle II, each of which includes the following steps: planning, carrying out the activity, observing the results, and reflecting on the experience. Approximately thirty fifth graders from SDN Tembong 2 participated in the study. Methods such as observation, interviews, testing, and documentation were employed to gather the data. Learning media in the shape of FPB and KPK trees were the tools utilized in this study. This study's findings demonstrate that fifth graders at SDN Tembong 2 may greatly benefit from learning about fruit trees and vegetables through the usage of KPK and FPB learning media. According to the results of this study, this kind of educational media does a good job of boosting students' comprehension and enthusiasm for studying.    

This research aims to increase fourth grade elementary school students’ understanding of the concept of equivalent fractions through peer tutoring. The research was conducted at SDN Ponteh 1, Galis District, Pamekasan Regency, using the Classroom Action Research (PTK) approach which consists of planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. The peer tutoring method allows students who are superior in understanding the material to help their friends who are experiencing difficulties. The research result showed that this method was effective in increasing students’ understanding, with 100% of students succeeding in achieving learning mastery in this first cycle. The application of the peer tutoring method makes it easier for students to understand the material because of the simple and relevant delivery from their peers. These findings indicate that the peer tutoring method can be an effective solution in learning mathematics, especially equivalent fraction material at the elementary school level

The problem behind this research is that the language skills of children aged 5-6 years in Class B of the tulip group at RA Rahmah El-Yunusiyyah Padang Panjang have not developed, such as children who have not been able to compose simple sentences in a complete structure, children have not been able to understand the rules in a game. Based on this, researchers try to apply spin board media in the hope that it can improve children's language skills well. This study aims to improve the language skills of children aged 5-6 years through spin board media. Spin board as an interactive learning media, designed to facilitate the development of children's language skills through fun and educational games. The study used a classroom action research method with a sample of 12 children in class B of the Tulip group of RA Rahmah El-yunusiyyah Padang Panjang. Data was collected through observation, documentation and research. The results of this study indicate that the improvement of children's language skills through spin board media has increased. This can be seen from before taking action, where from pre-research the number of scores achieved by children is only 26%. Then the researchers took action for 2 cycles, where in each cycle there were 3 meetings. The first meeting in cycle I the score obtained by the child through the spin board media was 27%, then at the second meeting of cycle I increased to 30% and at the third meeting in cycle I the score achieved by the child through the spin board media was 48%. This shows that every meeting the scores achieved by children always increase, but have not met the ideal score standard of 72%. Therefore, researchers continued to cycle II. The score at the first meeting in cycle II was 50% then experienced an increase in the second meeting of 55% and continued the third meeting of cycle II experienced an increase in children's learning process using spin board media of 80%. From each cycle carried out, it can be concluded that this research was successful.

Motivation to learn is certainly one of the important things in determining the success of learning. However, students often feel a loss of motivation to learn so that students experience a decrease in learning motivation which will affect student learning outcomes. Therefore, it is important for teachers to create strategies to increase students' learning motivation. Strategies that can be implemented by teachers include using interactive learning media and can increase students' active participation during learning. The aim of this research is to determine students' learning motivation after implementing science learning using diorama learning media. This research uses descriptive qualitative methodology, examining the process and influence of implementing diorama media on student learning motivation. The data collected for this research took the form of direct observation, student interviews and analysis of several documents used to collect data, which was then analyzed using descriptive analysis methods, the form of this research is Classroom Action Research (PTK). The results obtained from this research are that the application of the Diorama of the Nature of Light learning media in science and science learning in class V at SDN Karangrejo 2 succeeded in increasing student motivation in learning. Students who were previously passive and did not play much of a role in the learning process after implementing learning using the Nature of Light Diorama showed significant changes in their activity in learning.

Elementary education plays a crucial role in the development of students' creativity; however, conventional teaching methods often fail to optimally engage students. This research aims to examine the implementation of the role playing method in enhancing the creative abilities of fourth-grade students at SDN 056592 Perkebunan Bekiun. The study employs a classroom action research design with a qualitative approach, conducted over two cycles. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and analysis of students' work documentation. The findings indicate that the application of the role playing method significantly improved students' creative abilities, with approximately 85% of students demonstrating increased participation and confidence in expressing their ideas. Additionally, students also showed enhanced social skills, such as collaboration and communication. These results suggest that the role playing method is effective in creating a fun and engaging learning environment and can serve as an alternative approach in elementary school education.    

Learning that lacks variety makes students less enthusiastic in learning activities which results in low motivation to learn in students. Therefore, the researcher applied Kahoot learning media to increase the learning motivation of grade V students of SD Negeri Rejomulyo in the science and science subjects for the 2024/2025 school year. This research aims to increase students' learning motivation through the use of word wall media. The research method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) which consists of 2 cycles. There are 4 stages in each cycle, namely: Planning, Implementation, Observation, Reflection. The results of the study show that the application of Kahoot media has an impact on the change in attitude that occurs in students after applying learning with Kahoot media. The results of the research obtained were that the learning motivation of students in cycle 1 was 47% in the high category, in cycle II it increased to 93.47% in the very high category. The conclusion of this study is that the use of Kahoot media can increase students' learning motivation in learning social studies in grade V of SD Negeri Rejomulyo.

This study examines the effectiveness of the Recitation and Simulation methods in improving students' learning outcomes in Islamic Education (PAI) at SD Negeri 050578 Kwala Begumit. The research was motivated by the observed low achievement of students, where many did not meet the Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM). A classroom action research (CAR) design was employed, consisting of two cycles, each involving planning, action, observation, and reflection. The findings indicated a significant improvement in cognitive abilities: the average score increased from 43.41% in the pre-cycle to 56.72% in Cycle I, and further to 95.23% in Cycle II. These results demonstrate that the combination of Recitation and Simulation methods effectively enhances students' understanding and engagement, ultimately leading to improved academic performance in PAI.    

Classroom management is one of the important skills that a teacher must have to understand, analyze, make decisions, and take action to create a dynamic and conducive classroom atmosphere. Learning model planning is one of the indicators to support the success of a learning goal by analyzing student needs. For students, physics is a complicated lesson, often they avoid or fear this lesson. The Problem Based Learning (PBL) model is the most appropriate model to apply because this learning approach by implementing an authentic problem (real experience with what students often encounter or find in life) to students. This research is based on the literature review method by collecting data from various journals and previous scientific sources. The process in this method includes searching for literature relevant to the topic. The results show that physics learning using the PBL method shows very significant results, the PBL method students are able to understand concepts in depth compared to conventional learning or lectures.

Learning Islamic Cultural History (SKI) at Madrasah Aliyah presents unique challenges, particularly in increasing students' interest and learning outcomes. Conventional methods such as lectures and memorization often result in low student engagement, leading to suboptimal understanding and poor learning outcomes. To address this issue, this study implements project-based learning (PjBL) as an alternative approach to enhance student learning outcomes. This study examines the effectiveness of project-based learning in improving student achievement in SKI subjects at Madrasah Aliyah 1 Kampar, specifically in class XI Science. Using the Kemmis and McTaggart classroom action research (CAR) model, the research was conducted in two cycles, involving planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. Data were collected through learning outcome tests, observation sheets, interviews, and student and teacher questionnaires. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed to comprehensively assess the effectiveness of this method. The findings indicate that implementing project-based learning positively impacts student learning outcomes. The average student score increased significantly from the first to the second cycle. Moreover, student engagement in learning activities improved, as seen in their active participation in discussions, material exploration, and teamwork on assigned projects. Additionally, this method helped students develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and collaboration skills essential in modern education. The study confirms that project-based learning is an effective strategy for enhancing SKI education in Madrasah Aliyah. These findings suggest that educators should adopt more innovative and interactive teaching methods to foster student engagement and deeper understanding in learning.

Physics learning contains concepts, applications and calculations and analysis may cause students find physics lessons difficult to be understood and will definitely affect the thinking ability of students in solving physics problems. To attract students' interest in learning, teachers should make learning activities more interesting with learning models and media that can encourage students' interest, so that the initial teacher-oriented learning activities become student-oriented learning activities. The aim of this study was to determine the increasing of students' learning in class VII MTs Albadriyah by implementing a discovery learning model using PowerPoint on the concepts of work and energy. This method of study is Classroom Action Research (PTK), the use of PTK is aimed to solve the problems found in the classroom. The result found that physics learning outcomes by applying discovery learning model on the concept of effort and energy in cycle I and cycle II. For cycle I the total number of students who completed learning was 6 students from 15 students or 40%. In cycle II, it increased to 11 of 15 students or 73%. The increasing in student learning activities in cycle I is 37.78% while in the cycle II it improved significantly to 83.89%. For the teacher's activity, there is an increasing of cycle I is 34.09% while in cycle II is 79.55%

This research focuses on improving the learning outcomes of class VII students in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subjects, especially in prayer and dhikr material, which often experience obstacles due to ineffective conventional teaching methods. To overcome this problem, research was carried out using the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method involving 30 students, carried out in two cycles with planning, implementation, observation and reflection stages. The use of AI-based learning media Gamma: Presentations and Slide Decks is expected to increase student involvement and make understanding the material easier. The research results showed that in cycle I, 76.6% of students achieved the minimum completeness criteria (KKM), and this figure increased significantly to 93.33% in cycle II. These findings indicate that the implementation of Gamma is not only effective in improving student learning outcomes, but also creates a more interactive and interesting learning experience, thereby making a positive contribution to the quality of religious education at the junior high school level.

This study examines how well English songs may be used as a teaching technique to improve eighth-grade students' pronunciation. The study aims to provide evidence-based insights applicable to English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts and future teaching practices by methodically examining the effects of incorporating English songs into the instructional process to improve pronunciation using a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design. A methodical framework for using English songs as a teaching tool for pronunciation enhancement is created during the planning stage. Data is collected throughout the observation period to evaluate the overall efficacy of the intervention as well as the pronunciation development of the pupils. Throughout iterative cycles, this data becomes the basis for evaluating and improving instructional tactics. Results and debates regarding using songs to teach pronunciation are presented in the study. Songs improve pronunciation and make learning more enjoyable and pleasurable when used as an instructional technique. This method is a valuable supplement to language teaching approaches since it may increase students' motivation and self-assurance in their English-speaking skills.

This study is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) which aims to obtain an overview of the objectives of the application of the question and answer method as an effort to increase student activity in teaching and learning activities (KBM) in the subject of Fiqh in class X MIPA 3 MA Assathi' Sedan in the 2018/2019 academic year. This study was conducted in two cycles. In cycle I, the percentage of students who were active in learning reached 35.13%, while 64.87% of other students still did not show optimal activity, so improvements were made in the next cycle. In cycle II, the percentage of student activity increased significantly to 86.48%, so no further action was needed. The results of the study showed that (1) the application of the question and answer method can increase the activity of class X   3 MA Assathi' Sedan students, (2) students become more active in learning, ask more questions, and actively express their opinions, and (3) the classroom atmosphere becomes more lively with increased student responses and enthusiasm in participating in KBM. These findings provide a positive contribution for teachers and students in creating more interactive learning and encouraging critical thinking.

This research explores the use of Virtual Reality (VR) storytelling in language learning, focusing on its impact on speaking fluency, narrative skills, and student engagement. As traditional language teaching methods often face challenges such as limited speaking practice and learner anxiety, VR offers a promising alternative by creating immersive, interactive environments that encourage active participation. The objective of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of VR storytelling in enhancing these language skills, particularly in second language learners. The study utilized an action research methodology, involving language learners who participated in VR-based storytelling interventions. Pre- and post-assessments, along with surveys and student feedback, were used to evaluate speaking fluency, narrative construction, and overall engagement. The findings indicated significant improvements in all three areas, with students reporting increased confidence, reduced anxiety, and enhanced motivation to engage with the language. The use of VR not only improved grammatical and lexical aspects of speaking but also fostered creativity and coherence in storytelling. These results support the potential of VR to transform traditional language education by providing an engaging, low-pressure environment for learners. The study concludes by recommending the integration of VR in language classrooms to enhance language acquisition and suggests further exploration into long-term effects and content diversity.